孔子简介（中英文）.ppt

1、2020/6/18,孔子简介,1,孔子简介IntroductiontoConfucius,2020/6/18,孔子简介,2,尼山全景panoramicviewofNishan,孔子（前前）春秋末期思想家、政治家、教育家，儒学学派的创始人。名丘，字仲尼。鲁国陬邑（今山东曲阜东南）人。先世系宋国贵族。五世祖木金父避难奔鲁，后定避鲁国陬邑。父叔梁纥为鲁国武士，以勇力闻于诸侯。Confucius(551-479BC),anideologist,politicianandeducatorinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod,founderofConfucianism.Hisrea

2、lnameisKongQiu,andhewasborninStateLu,todaysShandongProvince.,ConfuciusisconsideredthegreatestoftheancientChinesesages.,2020/6/18,孔子简介,3,俎豆礼容learntheetiquette,六岁公元前546年(周灵王二十六年鲁襄公二十七年)孔子在母亲颜征在的教育下，自幼好礼，为儿嬉戏，常陈俎豆，设礼容，演习礼仪。,Confuciuslosthisfatherattheageof3.EducatedbyhismotherYanZhengzai,Confuciuswasgo

3、od-manneredwhenhewasonlyasmallchild.Helearnedtheetiquettealthoughhelivedinpoverty.,2020/6/18,孔子简介,4,孔子父母合葬墓ajointtombforConfuciusparents,十七岁公元前535年(周景王十年鲁昭公七年)孔母颜征在卒，与孔父合葬。Confuciusmotherdiedwhenhewas17,andwasburiedtogetherwithhisfather.,2020/6/18,孔子简介,5,学琴师襄learnfromShixiang,二十九岁公元前523年(周景王二十二年鲁昭公十

4、九年)孔子学琴于师襄子。他长时间练习一支曲子，直到理解了乐曲的内涵，进而领悟到作者是周文王，师襄很佩服，告诉他乐曲名叫文王操。,ConfuciuslearnedmusicfromShixiang.Heplayedthesametuneagainandagainuntilhefeltthatheunderstooditthoroughly.HethusrealizedthattheauthorofthetunewasEmperorWenofZhouDynasty.Shixiangadmiredhimgreatelyandtoldhimthatthenameofthetunewas“WenWang

5、Cao”.,2020/6/18,孔子简介,6,杏坛讲学图Confuciusasateacher,三十岁公元前522年(周景王二十三年鲁昭公二十年)开始创办平民教育，收徒讲学，他讲授的内容包括礼、乐，射，御，书，数。据传孔子有三千弟子，其中有七十二贤人。,HeestablishedthefirstprivateschoolinChinaandacceptedthestudentsfromeverywhere.Knowledgehetaughtincluded:Manners,Music,Literature,Riding,ArcheryandMathematics.Itissaidthatheh

6、as3,000students.Amongthem,72becamefamousscholars.,2020/6/18,孔子简介,7,孔子登临处（今山东泰山）MountTai,whereConfuciuseverclimbed,泰山问政ChiKangTzuaskedConfuciusaboutgovernment.Confuciusanswered,Togovern(cheng)istocorrect(cheng).Ifyousetanexamplebybeingcorrect,whowoulddaretoremainincorrect?,2020/6/18,孔子简介,8,孔子闻韶处（今山东临淄）Linzi,whereConfuciusheardtheamazingmusic“Shao”,三十六岁公元前516年(周敬王四年鲁昭公二十六年)孔子在齐与齐太师语乐，听到韶乐（相传是舜时的音乐），三月不知肉味，兴奋地说：不图为乐之至于斯也！,WhenConfuciuswas36,hehappenedtoheartheancientmusic“Shao”(musicofShunDynasty),itwassoamazingth