2025版高考英语一轮复习Unit8Adventure讲义北师大版必修3

PAGEPAGE25Unit8Adventure(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．safarin． (尤指在东非或中非的)游猎， 探险旅行2．raftn. 木排，木筏3．white­waterrafting 激流漂流4．horizonn. 地平线5．bungeejumpingn. 蹦极6．snowboardingn. 单板滑雪7．snowraftingn. 动力雪橇滑降8．theAntarctic 南极地区_9．sledgen. 雪车，雪橇10．Norwegianadj. 挪威的n. 挪威人11．Arcticn. 北极，北极区12．philosophyn. 哲学Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．adventure_n. 奇遇，冒险的经验2．majoradj. 较重要的；较严峻的3．wildadj. 野生的；狂热的4．extra_adj. 特殊的；额外的5．altituden. 高度，海拔6．exactlyadv. 准确地，精确地7．riskvt. 冒……的危急8．excitementn. 兴奋，激烈9．statement_n. 陈述10．quantityn．[纵联1] 量，数量11．sadnessn. 悲伤，悲伤12．functionvi. 运转；发挥作用13．nationalityn. 国籍14．aim_n. 目标；目的15．transport_n. 运输，运输16．disadvantagen. 不利，不利条件17．staffn. 员工，全体工作人员18．survivaln. 幸存，残存19．sheltern. 遮挡，庇护所20．observevt.[纵联2] 视察，观测21．cheerfuladj.[纵联3] 开心的，兴奋的22．limitn. 边界；限度Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．distantadj.远处的；久远的→distancen．遥远2．differvi.不同于，有区分→differencen．不同之处→differentadj.不同的3．anxiousadj.忧虑的，担忧的→anxietyn．焦虑，担忧4．extremeadj.极度的，极端的→extremelyadv.极其地，极端地5．similarityn．相像性；类似性→similaradj.同样的；类似的→similarlyadv.同样地；类似地6．amazevt.使惊愕(惊异)→amazedadj.惊愕的，惊讶的→amazingadj.令人惊异的→amazementn．惊讶，惊愕7．confusevt.使困惑→confusedadj.困惑的→confusingadj.令人困惑的→confusionn．混乱；困惑8．preparationn．打算，预备→preparevt.打算；预备9．patiencen．耐性；忍耐力→patientadj.耐性的n.病人→patientlyadv.耐性地纵联1.由quantity想到的①several几个 ②couple一对③score二十 ④dozen十二个⑤numerous很多的 ⑥none没有⑦hundred一百 ⑧million百万⑨billion十亿 ⑩trillion万亿纵联2.“看”遍天下①notice留意到，留心 ②observe视察③watch观看，关注 ④stare(at)注视，盯着看⑤glance(at)匆忙看一眼；瞥 ⑥glare(at)怒视；瞪⑦witness经验，见证 ⑧peer窥视，注视⑨look(at)看 ⑩gaze注视⑪glimpse一瞥纵联3.今儿个真“兴奋”①cheerful ②happy③glad ④pleased⑤delighted ⑥joyful⑦merry ⑧nice⑨pleasant ⑩agreeable单元话题——冒险活动子话题1冒险活动的打算①visan．签证 ②passportn．护照③insurancen．保险 ④suitcasen．小提箱⑤baggagen．行李 ⑥reservevt.预订⑦destinationn．目的地，终点 ⑧setout/off动身⑨bookaroom预订房间 ⑩putup投宿⑪checkin登记入住子话题2冒险活动的分类①expeditionn．远征 ②journeyn．旅行，行程③tourn．参观，观光，旅行 ④voyagen．航行，旅行⑤outingn．郊游，远足 ⑥tripn．短途旅行[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1．(2024·天津高考阅读D)Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.Properlypreparing❶packagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific❷.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequires❸(patient)．①写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：preparation，加黑词在此句中为动名词作主语②写出加黑词在本单元的同义副词：exactly③用所给词的适当形式填空：patience2．(2013·北京高考完形)Loladoesn'twanttobetreateddifferently❶fromtheothergirlsonherteam.Atcompetitions,thejudgesdon'tknowabouthervisionproblems.Shedoesn'ttellthem,becauseshedoesn'tthinktheyneedtoknow.Hermomisamazed❷byherpositiveattitude❸.①写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：differ②写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：amaze③写出加黑词在本单元的形近异义词：altitude3．(2010·四川高考完形)Abouttwentyminutesintotheadventure❶，theentireairplanebecamevery❷quiet.Therewasnowasenseofanxiety❸andfearthatcouldbeclearlynoticed.①写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：冒险的经验，加黑词也可作动词，意为冒险，大胆说出②写出加黑词在本单元的同义形容词：extreme③写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：anxious该句为therebe句型，其谓语动词的单复数由后面的名词或代词来确定高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(依据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2024·北京高考书面表达)外国学生沉醉于我的每一个举动，他们再次惊异于这种独特的文化，忍不住时常拍照。(amazed)Absorbed_in_every_move_of_mine,_the_foreign_students_were_once_again_amazed_by_this_unique_culture_and_they_couldn't_help_taking_pictures_from_time_to_time.2．(2024·江苏高考书面表达)排名的利与弊通常是紧密相关的，对排名保持客观的看法很有必要。(disadvantage)The_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_ratings_are_often_closely_related.It_is_necessary_to_hold_an_objective_attitude_towards_ratings.(二)课堂重点释疑1．differvi.不同于，有区分[记牢](1)differfrom...in... 在……方面与……不同differwithsb. 与某人看法不同(2)differentadj. 不同的，有差异的bedifferentfrom... 不同于……(3)differencen. 差异，差别makea/nodifference 有/无影响tellthedifferencebetweenAandB 指出A与B的不同[练通]单句语法填空①ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.②Idifferwithhimonthatpointwherethebridgewillbebuilt,thoughhemayberight.③Iknewitwasthedifference(different)betweenlifeanddeath.完成句子④Eventhoughwecompletely_differ_from_each_other_in_character,_wearestillgreatfriends.虽然我们在性格上完全不同，但我们仍旧是很好的挚友。⑤Onlyifweknowwhatwedoinourdailylifeandlivealow­carbonlifecanwemake_a_difference.只有我们知道在日常生活中做什么，过一种低碳生活，我们才能有所影响。[写美]⑥(2015·湖南高考书面表达)从我个人的阅历中我相识到几个赞美之词对有些人会产生很大的影响。From_my_own_experience,_I_learn_that_several_words_of_praise_can_make_a_great_difference_to_someone.2．riskvt.冒……的危急n.冒险；危急；风险[记牢](1)risk(doing)sth. 冒险(做)某事(2)attheriskof(doing)sth. 冒着(做)某事的风险take/runtheriskof(doing)sth. 冒……的危急；冒险做某事take/runarisk/risks 冒险atrisk 境况危急；遭遇危急atallrisks/atanyrisk 无论冒什么风险，无论如何[练通]单句语法填空①Arescueworkerriskedhislifesaving(save)twotouriststrappedinthemountainsfortwodays.②Hewasdeterminedtodoitevenattheriskofbeing_laughed(laugh)at.完成句子③Whoeveryouare,don'ttake/run_the_risk_of_doing_a_joblikethat.无论你是谁，都不要冒险做那样一份工作。④Thecaptainwasnotwillingtorisk_taking_his_shipthroughthestraitsinsuchbadweather.船长不情愿在这样恶劣的天气里冒险将船驶过海峡。[写美]句型转换⑤Thepasser­bysavedtheboy'slifeattheriskoflosinghisownlife.→Thepasser­byriskedhisownlifesavingtheboy'slife.3．confusevt.使困惑；使迷惑；混淆[记牢](1)confuseAwith/andB 将A和B混淆(2)confusedadj. 困惑的，糊涂的；不清晰的be/getconfused 被弄糊涂confusingadj. 令人迷惑的(3)confusionn. 混乱；困惑inconfusion 困惑地，窘况地；一塌糊涂，处于混乱状态[练通]单句语法填空①Hiswritingissoconfusing(confuse)thatit'sdifficulttomakeoutwhatheistryingtoexpress.②Shegotshockedandconfused(confuse)—smokewaspouringfromthekitchen.完成句子③Ialwaysconfuse_you_with_your_sister—youlooksoalike.我总是把你和你妹妹搞混——你们太像了。④Helookedatmein_confusionanddidnotanswerthequestion.他困惑地看着我，没有回答问题。[写美]⑤(2024·江苏高考书面表达)比如，有很多的参考书，我从中进行选择的时候常感到困惑。For_example,_there_are_plenty_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.4．preparationn．打算，预备[记牢]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1makepreparationsfor/todosth.,inpreparationfor))为(做)某事做打算(be)inpreparation 在打算中(2)preparevt. 预备；筹备；调制；为……做打算vi. 打算；预备；做打算preparetodosth. 打算做某事prepare(sb.)forsth. (使某人)为某事做打算(3)preparedadj. 有打算的，事先打算好的eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(be/getwellpreparedfor/todosth.,be/getreadyfor/todosth.)) 情愿做某事；为(做)某事做好打算[练通]单句语法填空①Iprepareto_graduate(graduate)fromSanfordH．CalhounHighSchoolinMerrick.②Thebestpreparation(prepare)fortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.完成句子③Theteacheris_preparing_the_reviewing_quiz,_whilethestudentsare_preparing_forit.老师正在打算复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做打算。④Thesematerialsareusefultoreviewin_preparation_forthefinalexam.这些材料对复习打算期末考试很有帮助。⑤Ifyouareselectedinthisposition,youmustprepare_to_travelonbusinessfrequently.假如你被录用，你必需打算常常出差。⑥Mrs.Whiteisbusymaking_preparations_forherdaughter'swedding.怀特夫人正忙着为女儿的婚礼做打算。[写美]⑦(2024·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)首先，依据我们的传统，你应当早点到达以便于你能帮助主子打算晚餐，那不仅有意义且好玩。To_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_you_are_supposed_to_arrive_early_so_that_you_can_help_the_host_prepare_the_dinner,_which_is_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting.5．aimn．目标，目的；瞄准vi.&vt.瞄准；对准；针对；(朝某方向)努力[辨清]写出下列句中aim的含义①They'reaimingattrainingeverybodybytheendoftheyear.(朝某方向)努力②Beforethehuntercouldtakeaim,thedeerjumpedoutofsight.瞄准③Ouraimistomakethestudents'speechcomprehensible.目标，目的④Thisanti­smokingcampaignismainlyaimedatyoungteenagers.针对[记牢](1)takeaimat 向……瞄准withtheaimof 以……为目标；旨在……(2)aimsth.atsb./sth. 用某物朝向/瞄准某人或某物aimatdoingsth./aimtodosth. 意欲、企图、旨在做某事beaimedat 目的是；旨在(3)aimlessadj. 无目的的aimlesslyadv. 无目标地[练通]单句语法填空⑤I'maimingto_finish(finish)alltasksbeforethesummerholidays.⑥Theywillstarttheirproject,aimingathelping(help)thepoorchildrentobeeducatedinthewestofChina.单句改错⑦Therewasatimewhenhehadnothingtodo,wanderingaimlessinthestreetalltheday.aimless→aimlessly完成句子⑧Shevisitedtheschoolwith_the_aim_oflearningmoreadvancedteachingexperience.她参观学校的目的是学习更多先进的教学阅历。⑨Slowlyheraisedhisbowandbegantotake_aim_atthebirdstandinginthetreeinthedistance.渐渐地他举起弓，起先瞄准那只站在远处树上的鸟。[写美]⑩(2024·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我写信邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队，目的是培育我们的爱好，提高我们的技术。I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_join_the_table_tennis_team_in_our_school,_aiming_at_developing_our_interests_and_improving_our_skills.6．observevt.视察，观测；遵守；庆祝[辨清]写出下列句中observe的含义①Itisnecessarythattrafficrulesshouldbeworkedoutandstrictlyobserved.遵守②Radarisabletoobservehumanbehavior.视察③CouldyoutellmehowyouusuallyobserveThanksgivingDayinyourcountry？庆祝[记牢](1)observesb.do/doingsth. 看到某人做了/正在做某事observesth.done 看到某事被做observearule 遵守规则observethelaw 遵遵守法律律(2)observern. 视察者observationn. 视察；视察力；观测underobservation 在视察中，在监视中[练通]单句语法填空④Sheobservedamanwalking(walk)ontheoppositesideoftheway.⑤Accordingtoobservers(observe),theplaneexplodedshortlyaftertake­off.⑥Inhospitalshe'llbeunderobservation(observe)allthetime.翻译句子⑦当我们庆祝节日的时候，我们也必需遵守交通规则。When_we_observe_festivals,_we_must_also_observe_the_traffic_rules.[用准]observe作“视察；留意”讲时，可用省去to的动词不定式或v.­ing形式作宾语补足语；但假如用于被动语态，省去的动词不定式符号to要还原。⑧Thepoliceobservedthemanenterthebank.→Themanwasobservedtoenterthebankbythepolice.[写美]⑨(2015·江苏高考书面表达)遵守交通规则是我们每个人的职责，这样我们的社会才能井然有序。It_is_everybody's_duty_to_observe_traffic_rules_to_keep_our_society_in_order.7．limitvt.限制；限定n.界限；边界；限度[记牢](1)limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内(2)setalimitto/on... 对……规定限度withinthelimitsof... 在……范围内withinlimits 在确定范围内；有限度地withoutlimit 无限地(3)limitedadj. 有限的belimitedtosth. 受限制于某物[练通]单句语法填空①Myfiancé(未婚夫)andIwereexcitedaboutshoppingforourfirsthome.Butourfundswerelimited(limit)．②Thereisalimittoone'slife,butnolimittoserving(serve)thepeople.③Wemustlimittheexpensestowhatwecanafford.完成句子④Within_the_limits_oflegalrights,peoplearefreetodoastheyplease.在法律权限范围内，人们可以自由地做他们兴奋做的事。⑤Wemustset_a_limit_totheexpenseofthetrip.我们必需为此次旅游费用定一个限额。⑥Ourlifehasalimit,butknowledgeiswithout_limit.生命有限，学问无涯。[写美]⑦(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.[词汇过关综合训练]Ⅰ.单词拼法1．Yourworkhasimprovedinquantity(数量)andqualitythisterm.2．Thereweresomanypeoplethatthecompanyputonextra(额外的)buses.3．Therearevarious(各种各样的)waysofgettingtothestation:bybus,bycaroronfoot.4．Uponreachingthislevel,temperaturenolongerincreaseswithaltitude(高度)．5．Saunder'slawyermadeabriefstatement(陈述)tothepressoutsidethecourt.6．Despitethepowercuts,thehospitalcontinuedtofunction(正常运转)normally.7．Judgingfromwhathehasjustsaid,thecompanywillreducethestaff(员工)．8．ThetwoFrenchmenwentthroughstrangeadventures(奇遇)intheAfricanforests.9．Theyarenowfacingamajor(较重要的)problemhowtheyfinishtheworkontime.10．Thegovernmentistakingmeasurestoturntheschoolintoagoodshelter(庇护所)forallthestudents.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Changingschoolsdidmakeadifference(differ)tomylife.2．Hestoppedinconfusion(confuse)aseveryoneturnedtolookathim.3．WhenIpassedhishouse,Iobservedhimplaying(play)inhisyard.4．Takearisk,andyoumayloseagain,butyouhaveimprovedyourchancestowin.5．ThemonitorassignedustomakepreparationsfortheupcomingChristmasparty.6．Neithershouldweembraceonlinevotingaimlessly(aimless)norcanwedenyitcompletely.7．Hegotwell­preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisklosing(lose)thegoodopportunity.8．Inaddition,theinformationabouteachwordinapocketdictionaryisgenerallylimited(limit)．Ⅲ.单句改错1．Thequestionissohard,andwe'reallgettingconfusingaboutit.confusing→confused2．Peopledifferfromeachotherontheirreactiontothisproblem.on→in3．Theteamhavebeentraininghardinpreparationsforthebiggame.preparations→preparation4．Brucewasobservedleavethebuildingwithtwoyoungmenandtakeataxiaway.leave前加to5．Theprogramisaimingatateenageaudience,soitispopularwiththem.aiming→aimedⅣ.完成句子/一句多译1．汤姆正在学习，为下次考试做打算。Tomisstudyingin_preparation_forthenextexamination.2．一项调查表明，人们对该吃什么才能保持健康这个问题感到困惑。Asurveyshowedpeoplewere_confused_aboutwhattheyshouldeattostayhealthy.3．美国人和中国人在时间的处理上特别不一样。①Americans_and_Chinese_differ_in_managing_time.(differin)②Americans_differ_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(differfrom)③Americans_are_different_from_Chinese_in_managing_time.(different)4．为了通过驾照考试，他努力训练。①Hetrainedhardwith_the_aim_of_passing_the_driving_test.(withtheaimof)②Hetrainedhard,aiming_at_passing_the_driving_test.(aimat)③Hetrainedhard,aiming_to_pass_the_driving_test.(aimtodosth.)(一)课前自主学习1．right_now 就在此刻2．in_order_to_do_something 目的是，以便3．upside_down 颠倒地，倒置地4．turn_up[串记1] 出现，到场；调高声音5．back_out 确定不履行(承诺的事)6．get_across 使理解(某事)7．in_turn 轮番8．break_out[串记2] (坏事)突然发生，爆发9．put_..._into_prison 把……关进监狱10．stand_by 坚持(某种)说法；袖手旁观11．on_one's_way[串记3] 在途中12．break_down 损坏，不能运转；失败13．run_out_of 用完，耗尽14．carry_on 接着做某事15．take_off 起飞；匆忙离去；脱掉； 起先胜利[同根短语串记]串记1.turn短语面面观①turndown关小；拒绝 ②turnaway转过身去；拒绝③turnout生产；结果是 ④turnin上交⑤turnto求助于 ⑥turnup出现；到场⑦turnon/off打开/关闭串记2.“动词＋out”短语汇总①bringout出版；公布 ②carryout实施；执行③checkout结账后离开 ④dropout退出⑤leaveout忽视；遗漏 ⑥cutout删去；剪去⑦breakout突然发生，爆发串记3.“way”的相关短语知多少①onone'sway在途中 ②alltheway始终，完全③bytheway顺便地 ④inaway在某种程度上⑤makeone'sway去，前往 ⑥underway在进行中⑦intheway挡道；碍事1．thefirsttoleave 第一个离开2．walkalongmountainpath 沿着山路走3．haveahotcupoftea 喝杯热茶4．goodbyetomostofourdreams 告辞我们大多数的幻想5．oneofthebest­sellingbooksinEurope 在欧洲最畅销的书之一6．beginhisjourneytotheAntarctic 起先他的南极之旅7．thetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter 极地冬季的极夜时期8．seeChinesepeopleusingpapermoneyinthemarkets 看到中国人在市场上运用纸币1．Whydo_you_thinkpeoplewouldwanttogoonthistrip?你认为人们为什么会想去进行这次旅行？2．WhenIturnedupformyfirstjumpIwasso_nervous_thatItriedtobackout,butmyfriendspersuadedmetogothroughwithit.当我第一次站在跳台上时是如此惊慌以至于想退缩，但是挚友们劝服了我。3．Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook,manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.虽然人们爱读他的书，但很多人认为马可写的关于中国的东西太离奇而不行信。4．Then_camethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter.接下来极地冬日的极夜时期到来了。5．ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashaving_great_difficulty_walking.接下来离开的是奥茨上尉，他行走不便。[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)阅读中的词块与句式1．(2010·山东高考阅读B)Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreenhousegaseswhichgoontocausethegreenhouseeffect.(用本单元短语替换加黑短语)carry_on2．(2009·安徽高考阅读A)Considergoingearlytoconferences,partiesandclasses.Sometimesjustafewpeopleshowupontime.That'sfewernamesforyoutoremember.Andasmorepeoplearrive，youcanhearthembeingintroducedtoothers—anautomaticreviewforyou.(用本单元短语替换加黑短语)turn_up高考采撷(二)写作中的词块与句式(依据汉语及提示翻译句子)1．(2024·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)为了获得一些实际阅历，我安排在一家外资公司兼职。(inordertodosomething)In_order_to_get_some_practical_experience,_I_am_planning_to_take_a_part­time_job_in_a_foreign_capital_company.2．(2024·北京高考书面表达)我们做得很好以至于我们被邀请与我们学校的全部学生共享我们的想法和阅历。(so...that)We_did_so_well_that_we_were_invited_to_share_our_idea_and_experience_with_all_the_students_of_our_school.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．takeoff起飞；脱去(衣服)；起先胜利；休假；匆忙离去[辨清]写出下列句中takeoff的含义①Shegotacoldassoonasshetookoffhercoatwhenshegothomefromwork.脱去(衣服)②Hurryup.Theplanewilltakeoffinabouthalfanhour.起飞③Congratulations,Paulo!Nowmaybeyoucantakeafewdaysoff.休假④Afterhisthirdfilm,hiscareeroffilmperformancetookoff.起先胜利[记牢]takeover 接任，接管，接收；取得主导地位takein 汲取，理解；受骗；接待takeup 拿起；占据；对……有爱好；起先从事takeon 呈现；雇用；担当[练通]完成句子⑤Hewashomeless,sowe_took_him_in.他无家可归，我们便收留了他。⑥I'msorryI'vealreadytaken_upsomuchofyourvaluabletime.对不起，我占用了你这么多珍贵时间。[写美]⑦(2014·江西高考书面表达)课堂上理解老师所讲内容以及课下复习所学学问很重要。It_is_important_to_take_in_what_the_teachers_say_in_class_and_review_what_you_learnt_after_class.2．getacross使理解(某事)；(使)被接受；横过(公路、河等)[记牢]getacrossto(sb.)/getsth.acrossto(sb.) 被传达/理解；把……讲清晰getawayfrom 逃离；远离；避开getdownto(doing) 起先仔细处理/对待，起先(做)getthrough 穿过；完成；接通电话；用完；通过[练通]单句语法填空①Wemustgetacrosstothepublicthesimplefactthatdrugsaredangerous.②It'stimethatIgotdowntothinking(think)aboutmyfuture.③Afterthat,heknewhecouldgetthroughanyemergencybydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.[写美]④(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)你能在6月28日之前完成文章吗？Could_you_get_through_your_article_before_June_28?3．breakdown损坏，不能运转；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解[辨清]写出下列句中breakdown的含义①Hishealthbrokedownunderthepressureofwork. (身体)垮掉②Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.(谈判)失败③Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,you'dbetterbreakitdownintoparts.分解④Thefiremenbrokedownthewallinordertogainquickaccesstothebuildingonfire.拆毁，拆除⑤Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair­conditioningsystembrokedown.损坏，不能运转[记牢]breakinto破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)；突然起先(哭、唱等)breakin 闯入；插话，打断breakawayfrom 突然摆脱，摆脱breakout (坏事)突然发生，爆发breakup 结束；粉碎，破裂；解散breakthrough 取得突破；克服[练通]单句语法填空⑥Shouldanotherworldwarbreakout,_whatwouldbecomeofhumanbeings?⑦Inordertogetsomemoney,themanbrokeupthatoldmachineandsoldsomeparts.⑧Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.[写美]⑨(2024·浙江高考书面表达)我几乎就要垮掉的时候，父亲说，“别担忧，儿子。我记得农场旁边就有一条河。找到它我们就能回家了。”I_was_almost_on_the_edge_of_breaking_down_when_my_father_said,_“Don't_worry,_my_son.I_remember_there_is_a_river_near_the_farm_house.Find_the_river_and_we_will_be_back_home.”[句式集释]1．too...to...“太……而不能……”[教材原句]Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook,manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.[悟拓展例句](1)AsfarasIknow,theyaretoo_anxious_to_leave.据我所知，他们急于离开。(2)Theyarealltoo_satisfied_to_goanddothiswork.他们都很乐意地去做这项工作。(3)Icouldn't_thank_you_too_much_forallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.当我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我再怎样感谢你也不过分。(4)Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.Therefore,hismothertakescareofhimathome.＝Tomisnot_old_enough_togotoschool.Therefore,hismothertakescareofhimathome.＝Tomisso_young_thathecan'tgotoschool.Therefore,hismothertakescareofhimathome.汤姆太小了，不能去上学。因此，他妈妈在家照看他。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)“too...to...”结构中，若too后接glad,pleased,happy,eager,anxious,willing,ready,easy等表示心情、心情的形容词时，表示确定意义，too相当于very。(2)“too...to”结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调确定的表示法，译作“特别……；特别……；实在……；真是太……”等。(3)“too...to...”结构可以与“notenough...to...”或“so...that...”结构相互转换。(4)“can't...too...”表示“无论怎样……也不过分”。[背写作佳句](1)(2014·福建高考满分作文)Thebikeseemedtooheavyanddifficulttocontrol.Worsestill,Itookmanyfallsoffthebike.(要点句)(2)Youcan'tbetoocarefultodrive.Afterall,lifeisvaluable.(要点句)2．havedifficulty(in)doingsth.[教材原句]ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashaving_great_difficulty_walking.[悟拓展例句](1)Homelesspeopleoftenhave_difficulty_finding_a_jobbecausetheyhavenohomeaddresses.无家可归的人通常很难找到工作，因为他们没有家庭住址。(2)(2015·北京高考)—Didyouhave_difficulty_findingAnn'shouse?—Notreally.Shehadgivenuscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.——你找到安的家有困难吗？——不是很难。她给了我们很清晰的指引，我们很简洁就找到了。(3)(2024·天津高考)Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhave_no_trouble_answeringthesequestions.假如你的意识足够敏锐，你就能毫不费劲地回答这些问题。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)havedifficulty(in)doingsth.表示“在做某事方面有困难或麻烦”，difficulty前有时可用some,much,great,little,no等词来修饰。(2)其他相关句式：havetrouble/bother/problems/ahardtime(in)doingsth.做某事有困难havedifficulty/trouble/problemswithsth.在某事上有困难[背写作佳句](1)(2024·浙江高考满分作文)First,IcanspeakEnglishfluently,soIhavenodifficultycommunicatingwithnativespeakers.(要点句)(2)(2024·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)YoucanturntomewheneveryouhavetroubleinunderstandingTangpoems.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]Ⅰ.选词填空breakout，takeup，upsidedown，standby，carryon，rightnow，turnup，takeoff，get...across，breakdown1．Wasitin1939thattheSecondWorldWarbroke_out?2．Hestood_byhispromisesandreturnedthebooktomeontime.3．Lucyspokeslowly,butshecouldn'tgethermeaningacrosstothegirl.4．Everythinginthehousewasturnedupside_downforthelostdiamondring.5．Internetshoppingwillreadytake_offwhenpeoplemakesurethatitissafe.6．Turn_uptheradiosothatIcanhearitbetter.7．Old­fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreak_downindisasters.8．TheStudentTableTennisTeamofourschoolislookingfornewmembersright_now.9．Peterwilltake_uphispostastheheadofthetravelagencyattheendofnextmonth.10．Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I'malwaystoobusytocarry_onaconversationwithher.Ⅱ.完成句子1．I'mtoo_happy_to_be_invitedtoyourbirthdayparty.我特别兴奋能被邀请参与你的生日聚会。2．Goandasktheteacherforadviceifyouhave_difficulty/problems/trouble_with_your_English.假如你的英语有困难就去找老师帮忙。3．Hefounditdifficultto_get_his_American_jokes_across_to_English_audience.他发觉很难让英国观众听懂美国式笑话。4．When_the_delayed_flight_will_take_offdependsmuchontheweather.被延误的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气状况。5．Heisstilltoo_young_to_knowthehardshipoflife.他年龄太小，还不懂得生活的艰辛。Ⅲ.分步写作假定你是新华中学的学生李华，在网上得知澳大利亚籍中学生David想来中国沿古代丝绸之路旅游，他向网友征集旅伴兼向导。你有爱好做他的旅伴兼向导，请给David写一封自荐信，内容要点如下：1．自我介绍；2．你的优势；3．希望能成为David的旅伴兼向导。留意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细微环节，以使行文连贯。第一步：精确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本写作是一封以“做澳大利亚籍中学生David的旅伴兼向导”为话题的自荐信，属于应用文中的一般书信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。要点包括：写信缘由；自我介绍；你的优势；希望能成为David的旅伴。在写作的过程中要力求精确全面地表达要点，避开跑题。要点1：我从你发的帖子中得知你正在征集旅伴兼向导。I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_are_recruiting_a_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.要点2：我是李华，来自新华中学。I'm_Li_Hua.I'm_from_Xinhua_High_School.要点3：我在业余时间做了很多探讨。I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.要点4：我希望能成为你的旅伴兼向导。I_hope_to_be_your_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.其次步：添加细微环节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼要点1，可以补充内容(因此我写信举荐我自己)进一步表明写信缘由，可运用that引导的宾语从句，and并列句等使表达更生动。要点3，可补充内容“我始终想沿着丝绸之路旅行，我对沿途的每一个城镇、城市和名胜古迹都很了解”及“我能说一口流利的英语”来凸显自己的优势，使要点更加完善。拓展1：我从你发的帖子中得知你想来中国沿古代丝绸之路旅游，正在征集旅伴兼向导。(that引导的同位语从句，and并列句)I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.拓展2：我是李华，来自新华中学的一名学生。(同位语)I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_High_School.拓展3－①：我始终在旅行，并始终想沿着丝绸之路旅行。我在业余时间做了很多探讨。我对沿途的每一个城镇、城市和名胜古迹都很了解，包括它们的历史、风俗和文化。(简洁句)I_have_been_traveling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road.I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.I_know_much_about_every_town,_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road,_including_their_history,_customs_and_culture.拓展3－②：我能说一口流利的英语。I_can_speak_English_fluently.拓展4：我信任我就是你要找的人。期盼你的答复。(that引导的宾语从句，lookforwardto)I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person_you're_looking_for.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.第三步：连句成文，排语句依次，重连接过渡开头介绍自荐的缘由，同时在首段结尾运用soI'mwritingtoyoutorecommendmyself引出下文；为使要点连接连贯，可适当添加连接词，如therefore，moreimportantly等，使文章读起来一挥而就；结尾表达期盼。Dear_David，How_do_you_do?_I've_learned_from_your_post_that_you_want_to_travel_along_the_Ancient_Silk_Road_in_China_and_are_recruiting_a_tour_pal_and_tour_guide,_so_I'm_writing_to_you_to_recommend_myself.I'm_Li_Hua,_a_student_from_Xinhua_High_School._I_have_been_traveling_and_always_want_to_travel_along_the_Silk_Road.I've_done_much_research_in_my_spare_time.Therefore,_I_know_much_about_every_town,_city_and_every_place_of_interest_along_the_road,_including_their_history,_customs_and_culture.More_importantly,_I_can_speak_English_fluently.I_hope_to_be_your_tour_pal_and_tour_guide.I_believe_that_I'm_the_right_person_you're_looking_for.Looking_forward_to_your_reply.Yours，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(八)说明文之人物类——抓说明方法，巧用行文结构解题人物类说明文往往突出人物的重要贡献或历史地位，这一点往往从文章的主题句中体现出来。在说明人物的过程中会运用各种说明方法，这些方法对理解全文有着很大帮助，也是高考命题的切入点。另外，文章的行文结构也至关重要，依据行文结构可预知文章大意，对解题大有好处。[高考典例]2024·浙江卷·A篇[抓人物说明方法，理行文结构][高考典例]2024·浙江卷·A篇[读文解题技法]eq\a\vs4\al(对,比)eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(\a\vs4\al(出,生,前)\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,)),\a\vs4\al(去,世,后)\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,))))eq\a\vs4\al(影,响)eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,))In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewer