【期中高二下】广东省佛山顺德乐从中学高二下学期期中英语试题（解析版）

乐从中学2021—2022学年第二学期高二期中质量检测英语试卷总分：150分考试时间：120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节听力理解（共6小题，每小题2分，满分12分）材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题的问题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C项中，选出最佳选项。听第一段材料，回答第1-2题。1.A.Thecharacter.B.Thepictures.C.Thelanguage.2.A.Awriter.B.Ateacher.C.Astudent.听第二段材料，回答第3-4题。3.A.Byphone.B.Byemail.C.Inperson.4.A.LincolnHall.B.AlberthallC.BradfordHall.听第三段材料，回答第5-6题。5.A.Inthefirstyear.B.Inthesecondyear.C.Inthethirdyear.6.APackthebooks.B.Answertelephones.C.Teachcomputers.第二节回答问题（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分）听下面一段材料，然后回答问题，材料及问题读两遍。7.______________________________________8.________________________roundNorleyLake.9.______________________________________10.________________and_________________第二部分阅读（共三节，满分40分）第一节阅读理解（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHSBC/BritishCouncilMandarinChinese(普通话)SpeakingCompetitionDoesyourschoolteachMandarinChinese?EnteryourstudentsintotheHSBC/BritishCouncilMandarinChineseSpeakingCompetitionandtheycouldbeheadingofftoBeijinginAprilnextyear!ThecompetitionisforUK,ChannelIslandsandIsleofMansecondaryschoolstudentsandcollegestudents.RegionalheatswilltakeplaceinNewcastleon6DecemberandinGlasgowon16DecemberthisyearandthefinalwillbeheldattheBritishMuseuminLondonon10FebruarynextyearTheprizeisaweek-longculturalvisittoBeijinginAprilnextyearforthewinningstudentsandtheteacherfromtheschoolofthewinninggroup.Entryrules:Aschoolmayenteruptoamaximumof3studentsforthecompetition.StudentsenteringtheBeginner.Intermediate(中级的),Intermediate+andAdvancedcategories:*mustbenon-nativespeakinglearnersofMandarinChinese;*maynotbefromaChinesespeakinghousehold;*maynothavelivedinacountrywhereMandarinChineseisanofficiallanguage.BeginnercategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseforlessthan1year.IntermediatecategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor1-3years.Intermediate+categoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor4-5years.AdvancedcategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseformorethan5years.Theclosingdateforentriesis13Octoberthisyear.Forenquiries,pleasecontacttheBritishCouncil:Tel:01619577755;E-mail:chinaschools@.1.WhenwillthecompetitioninNewcastletakeplace?A.On13Octoberthisyear. B.On6Decemberthisyear.C.On16Decemberthisyear. D.On10Februarynextyear.2.Whofailstoqualifyforthecompetition?A.ABritishcollegestudentfromaMandarin-speakingfamily.B.ALondonerfromaWelsh-speakinghousehold.C.AhighschoolstudentofScotland.D.AnativeofNorthernIreland.3Whichcategoryshouldastudentwithatwo-yearMandarinChineselearningexperienceenter?A.Intermediate+. B.Intermediate. C.Beginner. D.Advanced.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项普通话演讲比赛的情况，包括比赛日期安排、规则以及联系方式等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“RegionalheatswilltakeplaceinNewcastleon6DecemberandinGlasgowon16DecemberthisyearandthefinalwillbeheldattheBritishMuseuminLondonon10Februarynextyear.(今年的地区预选赛将于12月6日在纽卡斯尔举行，12月16日在格拉斯哥举行，决赛将于明年2月10日在伦敦的大英博物馆举行)”可知，纽卡斯尔的比赛今年12月6日举行。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Entryrules部分中“*maynotbefromaChinesespeakinghousehold(不能来自说中文的家庭)”可知，“一个来自讲普通话家庭的英国大学生”没有资格参加比赛。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“BeginnercategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseforlessthan1year.IntermediatecategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor1-3years.Intermediate+categoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChinesefor4-5years.AdvancedcategoryisforstudentswhohavelearntMandarinChineseformorethan5years.(初级组是指学习汉语少于一年的学生。中级适用于已学习普通话1到3年的学生。中级+适用于已经学习普通话4到5年的学生。高级组是针对学习普通话5年以上的学生)”可知，有两年普通话学习经验的学生应归入中级组。故选B。BToniMorrisonwasanAmericanwriterwhoreceivedtheNobelPrizeinLiterature.Hernovels,Beloved,SongofSolomonandothersexploredthewayAfrican-Americanssearchforfreedomandidentityinacountryobsessed(受困扰的)withskincolour.Morrisonwasnearly40whenshepublishedherfirstnovelTheBluestEyein1970.TheNobelPrizecommitteedescribedherwritingas“languageitself,alanguageshewantstoliberatefromrace”.HernovelsdiscussedAmerica’spast,focusingonblackhistoryandtheeffectsofslaveryandracism.Shecalledhercharacters“theunfreeattheheartofthedemocraticexperiment”.In1988,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhernovelBeloved,thestoryofamotherwhokillsherbabydaughterratherthanpermithertoreturntoslavery.Itbecameabest-sellerandwaslatermadeintoafilm.ManyAmericansadmiredherasthecountry’sgreatestwriter,includingformerPresidentBarackObama.Shewasbornin1931.SheattendedHowardUniversity,anall-blackuniversityinWashington,DC.AtHoward,shereadAfrican,BritishandAmericanliterature,includingwritersWilliamFaulknerandVirginiaWoolf.Afterashortmarriage,shebecameasinglemotheroftwosonsandworkedasabookeditorinNewYork.SeveralpublishersrejectedherfirstbookTheBluestEye,butitimpressedTheNewYorkTimes’bookcriticJohnLeonard,whobelievedMorrisonwasanimportantnewvoice.Hesaidherwritingwas“sofullofpainandwonderthatthenovelbecomespoetry”.MorrisonenjoyedherliteraryfameandwasproudofherNobelPrize.4.WhatareToniMorrison’sbooksmainlyabout?A.Women’sequalityandrights. B.ThedevelopmentofAmerica.C.TheliteratureofAmerica. D.Blackhistoryandracism.5.WhichofthefollowinghelpedToniMorrisonreceivethePulitzerPrize?A.Beloved. B.SongofSolomon.C.TheBluestEye. D.TheNewYorkTimes.6.WhyisformerPresidentBarackObamamentioned?A.ToshowBarackObama’ssupportinliterature.B.ToproveToniMorrison’sgreatnessasawriter.C.TostressToniMorrison’scontributiontoAmerica.D.ToremindreadersoftheskincolourofBarackObama.7.WhatcanweinferfromJohnLeonard’swords?A.HethoughthighlyofMorrison.B.HerejectedthebookTheBluestEye.C.ThebookTheBluestEyemadehimpainful.D.ToniMorrison’sbookwashardtounderstand.【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一个非裔美国作家ToniMorrison获得了诺贝尔奖，以及美国最高荣誉的故事。本文介绍了她的个人经历，她为她是非裔美国人以及获得诺贝尔奖而感到骄傲。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“HernovelsdiscussedAmerica’spast,focusingonblackhistoryandtheeffectsofslaveryandracism.(她的小说讨论了美国的过去，重点是黑人的历史以及奴隶制和种族主义的影响)”可知，她的小说主要是关于黑人历史和种族歧视的。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In1988,shewonthePulitzerPrizeforhernovelBeloved(1988年，她的小说《宠儿》获得了普利策奖)”可知，帮助她获得普利策奖的是小说《宠儿》。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ManyAmericansadmiredherasthecountry’sgreatestwriter,includingformerPresidentBarackObama.(包括前总统巴拉克·奥巴马在内的许多美国人都将她视为美国最伟大的作家)”可推知，文中提到前总统奥巴马是来证明托妮·莫里森作为作家的影响力之大。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“SeveralpublishersrejectedherfirstbookTheBluestEye,butitimpressedTheNewYorkTimes’bookcriticJohnLeonard,whobelievedMorrisonwasanimportantnewvoice.Hesaidherwritingwas“sofullofpainandwonderthatthenovelbecomespoetry”.(几家出版商拒绝了她的第一本书《最蓝的眼睛》，但它给《纽约时报》书评人约翰·伦纳德留下了深刻印象，他认为莫里森是一个重要的新声音。他说她的作品“充满了痛苦和惊奇，小说变成了诗歌”)”可知，约翰·伦纳德对莫里森评价很高。故选A。CThesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy,researchhasfound.Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristoperHsee,abehavioralscientistatChicagoUniversity.Inastudy,98studentswereaskedtocompletetwosurveys.Aftertheyhadcompletedthefirst,theyweremadetowait15minutestoreceivethenextone.Theyweregivenachoiceofeitherhandinginthefirstsurveynearbyoratamoredistantlocationtheyhadtowalkto.Whicheveroptiontheychose,theyreceivedachocolatebar.Itturnedoutthatapproximatelytwo-thirds(68students)chosethelazyoption.Thosewhohadtakenthewalkreportedfeelinghappierthanthosewhohadstayedput.Prof.Hseeconcludedthatkeepingbusyhelpedkeeppeoplehappy.Hesaidthefindings,reportedinthejournalPsychologicalScience,hadpolicyimplications.“Governmentsmayincreasethehappinessofidlecitizensbyhavingthembuildbridgesthatareactuallyuseless,”heproposed.Attheindividuallevel,headvised,“Getupanddosomething.Anything.Eveniftherereallyisnopointtowhatyouaredoing,youwillfeelbetterforit.”Headded,“Incidentally,thinkingdeeplyorengaginginself-reflectioncountsaskeepingbusy,too.”“Youdonotneedtoberunningaround.Youjustneedtobeengaged,eitherphysicallyormentally.”8.Keepingbusycanmakepeoplehappybecause______.A.itcanhelppeoplegetridoflaziness B.itcanmakepeoplesleepbetterC.itcanhelpgetridofnegativeemotions D.itcangivepeopleasenseofachievement9.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Everybodyisborntobehappy.B.Onlybykeepingworkingallthetimecanyougainhappiness.C.Prof.Hsee’sfindingswerereportedinPsychologicalScience.D.Keepingbusygoesagainsthumannature.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toexplainwhathappinessis. B.Toadvisepeoplenottositaround.C.Toadvisepeopletodowhattheyliketo. D.Toshowpeoplehowtotakelifecorrectly.【答案】8.C9.D10.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现，快乐的秘诀就是保持忙碌，忙碌可以避免负面情绪。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.”(该研究发现，让大脑忙于任务——无论多么无意义——都可以避免负面情绪)可知，保持忙碌可以使人快乐，因为它可以帮助摆脱负面情绪。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,thebadnewsisthathumansareseeminglyborntobelazyinordertosaveenergy,accordingtoProfessorChristoperHsee,abehavioralscientistatChicagoUniversity.”(然而，坏消息是，芝加哥大学行为科学家ChristoperHsee教授认为，为了节省能量，人类似乎生来就懒惰)可推知，忙碌有悖于人的天性。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Thesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy(幸福的秘诀是保持忙碌)”、第二段“Thesecrettohappinessiskeepingbusy,researchhasfound.Keepingthemindoccupiedwithtasks—nomatterhowmeaningless—keepsoffnegativeemotions,thestudyfound.”(研究发现，快乐的秘诀就是保持忙碌。该研究发现，让大脑忙于任务——无论多么无意义——可以避免负面情绪)和最后一段中“Youdonotneedtoberunningaround.Youjustneedtobeengaged,eitherphysicallyormentally”(你不需要到处跑。你只需要有事可做，无论是身体上还是精神上)可推知，本文介绍了keepingbusy的意义，目的是建议人们不要无所事事。故选B项。第二节语句排序（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）11.将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。A.Smartphonesandtheirimmediatepleasurerewardyourbrainwithstimulustokeepyouwantingevenmore.B.Thedeviceusessensorstowarnuserswhenthey’reabouttorunintosomethingwhilelookingdownattheirphone.C.Askyourselfthishonestquestion,howmuchtimedoyouspendlookingatyourphone?Infact,howoftenhaveyouhitsomethingasyouwerewalkingwhilelookingdown?D.It’satrapthatmanyfallinto,butonlyafewhavethedeterminationtogetoutofit.Thedesignerofanewdevicewantstodrawattentiontothedangersofthisbehavior—beforeit’stoolate.E.IndustrialdesignstudentMinwookPaeng’sdevelopedaroboteyecalledtheThirdEye,whichattachestoasmartphoneuser’sforehead.【答案】CADEB【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种在看手机时提醒人们不会撞到东西的设备。【详解】翻译：问问你自己这个诚实的问题，你花了多少时间看你的手机？事实上，你有多少次在往下看手机的时候撞到了东西？智能手机及其带来的即时快感会刺激你的大脑，让你欲求不满。这是一个很多人都会掉进去的陷阱，但只有少数人有决心摆脱它。一种新设备的设计者希望引起人们对这种行为的危险性的关注——以免为时已晚。工业设计专业的学生MinwookPaeng开发了一种名为“第三只眼”的机器人眼睛，它可以附在智能手机用户的前额。当用户低头看手机时，该设备使用传感器来提醒他们即将碰到什么东西。C项首先提出问题和疑问；A项接着叙述智能手机会刺激大脑让你欲求不满；D项接着描述这是一个陷阱，并指出已经有新设备避免这种问题；E项介绍名为“第三只眼”的机器人眼睛的开发者；B项接着描述“第三只眼”的功能。故填CADEB。第三节选句填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Figureskating(花样滑冰),asweknowit,gotitsstartinthemid-19thcenturywhenanAmericannamedJacksonHainescombineddancingandskatingforthefirsttime.AmericansdidnotacceptJackson’stechniqueatthattime.____12____Thereheachievedanimmediatesuccess.Andabout50yearslater,Jackson’sstylefinallycaughtonintheUnitedStates.____13____FigureskatingfirstappearedattheLondon1908SummerGames,whilethefirstWinterGameswasheldin1924.Insingleskating,eachskaterperformsashortroutineofrequiredsteps.____14____Thepainskatingfollowsthesameformat,butwithonemaleandonefemaleperformingtogether.____15____Buunlikepairskating,icedancedoesnotincludeoverheadliftsandjumps.Anicedancecompetitionismadeupofthreeparts:onepartissettomusicthathasarequiredrhythmandtempoandtheothertwopartsaresettowhatevermusictheicedancerschoose.Apanelofminejudgesscoresthequalityofeachfigureskatingperformance,butonlyscoresofsevenjudgesareused.Todeterminewhichjudge’sscoreswillbeused,thereisarandomdrawbeforeeachevent.Skatersaregivenagradeforeachstep,jump,spin,oranyotherelementthatispartoftheirroutine.Theyalsoreceiveanoverallscoreforeachperformance.____16____A.ThereforehemovedtoVienna,Austria.B.JacksontriedtoteachAmericanshistechnique.C.Icedanceisperformedbyonemaleandonefemale,too.D.Figureskatingisoneofthemostpopulargamesintheworld.E.Thepersonorteamwiththehighesttotalscoreisthewinner.F.FigureskatingbecameanOlympicsportbeforetherewereWinterGames.G.Theyarejumps,spins,andcombinations,aswellasalongerfree-statingroutine.【答案】12.A13.F14.G15.C16.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。众所周知，花样滑冰始于19世纪中期，当时一位名叫杰克逊·海恩斯的美国人第一次将舞蹈和滑冰结合在一起。文章介绍花样滑冰的历史及有关信息。【12题详解】根据上文提示“AmericansdidnotacceptJackson’stechniqueatthattime.（美国人当时不接受杰克逊的技术）”再根据下文提示“Thereheachievedanimmediatesuccess.”（在那里他立刻取得了成功。）承接上下文，A项ThereforehemovedtoVienna,Austria.（因此，他搬到了奥地利的维也纳。）切题。该项通过Therefore与上文构成因果关系，且下文的There与该项中的Vienna,Austria呼应。故选A。【13题详解】根据下文提示“FigureskatingfirstappearedattheLondon1908SummerGames,whilethefirstWinterGameswasheldin1924.（花样滑冰首次出现在1908年的伦敦夏季奥运会上，而第一届冬季奥运会在1924年举行）”顺承下文，F项FigureskatingbecameanOlympicsportbeforetherewereWinterGames.（花样滑冰在冬奥会之前就成为了奥运会项目。）切题。这里在说花样滑冰进入奥运会的情况。故选F。【14题详解】根据上文提示“在单人滑冰中，每个选手都要表演一段规定步骤的短距离动作。”承接上文，G项Theyarejumps,spins,andcombinations,aswellasalongerfree-statingroutine.（它们是跳跃，旋转和组合，以及一个更长的自由陈述的例行程序。）切题。该项中的They与上文中的requiredsteps相呼应。故选G。【15题详解】根据下文提示“Butunlikepairskating,icedancedoesnotincludeoverheadliftsandjumps.（但与双人滑冰不同，冰上舞蹈不包括高空升降和跳跃。）”可知此空处应该在说Icedance，顺承下文，C项Icedanceisperformedbyonemaleandonefemale,too.（冰上舞蹈也由一男一女表演。）切题。且该项中的performedbyonemaleandonefemale,too呼应了上文中的onemaleandonefemaleperformingtogether。故选C。【16题详解】根据上文提示“Skatersaregivenagradeforeachstep,jump,spin,oranyotherelementthatispartoftheirroutine.Theyalsoreceiveanoverallscoreforeachperformance.（滑冰选手的每一步、跳跃、旋转或任何其他动作都有一个分数。他们每一次的表现也会得到一个综合分数）”，承接上文，E项Thepersonorteamwiththehighesttotalscoreisthewinner.（总得分最高的为获胜者。）切题。此处关键词是score，上文提到每个动作都给一个分数，再加上综合分，所以得分最高者就是获胜者。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）Iwasquitenervousbeforemyfirstofficialjobinterview.IwantedtogoinhavingtheconfidenceandknowledgethatIneededto____17____theinterviewers.SoIpreparedsystematicallyfortheinterview.Iresearchedallofthe____18____questionsaskedandwaystobestanswerthem,Ipracticedmy____19____,Iwrotedowntipstokeepinmind,andIpickedoutthe____20____clothesfortheinterview.ThenIpracticedaninterviewwithmyprofessorwhogavemegood____21____thatcalmedmedown.Hesaid,“Justmakesmalltalkand____22____.Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.”Sooften,peopletryto____23____theyhavebadexperiencesorhave____24____informationthattheydon’t.Doyourresearch,ofcourse,butIhave____25____thatthekeytohavingagoodinterviewisto____26____.Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences,whatlessonswentwellandwhatdidnot,____27____Ihadwithmystudentsandstaff,etc.Iwasabletonotonlymorequicklyand____28____sharepersonalexamplesofwhyIbelievedthethingsIbelieved,buthowmyviewpointsand____29____asateacherhadplayedout.AndIhavealsorealizedthattalkingaboutthoseexperiences____30____broughtoutmyenjoymentandpassionforteaching____31____justspeakinghypothetically(假设性地)abouthowIwouldrunmyclassroom.Overall,theinterviewwasfinallyasuccessinmyeyes!17.A.turnto B.debatewith C.winover D.workfor18.A.similar B.awkward C.secret D.common19A.self-assessment B.self-awareness C.responses D.approaches20.A.casual B.expensive C.fashionable D.perfect21.A.news B.advice C.motivation D.protection22.A.showoff B.bequick C.beyourself D.givein23.A.pretend B.believe C.explain D.accept24.A.sent B.supplied C.desired D.known25.A.admitted B.expected C.realized D.predicted26.A.reflect B.conclude C.improve D.doubt27.A.quarrels B.relationships C.bargains D.appointments28.A.effectively B.mistakably C.occasionally D.uncertainly29.A.career B.failure C.anxiety D.passion30.A.originally B.naturally C.hardly D.unnecessarily31.A.ratherthan B.regardlessof C.thanksto D.asfor【答案】17.C18.D19.A20.D21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.D30.B31.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者想在面试中成功而付出了努力，并总结出：面试成功的关键是反思。【17题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：我想要有足够的信心和知识去赢得面试官的支持。A.turnto求助；B.debatewith辩论；C.winover赢得支持；D.workfor雇佣。结合后文“SoIpreparedsystematicallyfortheinterview.(所以我系统地为面试做了准备。)”可知，我需要面试，想要赢得面试官的支持。故选C项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我研究了所有常见的问题以及回答它们的最佳方法，练习了自我评估，写下了要牢记在心的小贴士，为面试挑选了最完美的衣服。A.similar类似的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.secret秘密的；D.common常见的。结合后文“waystobestanswerthem”，推测我正在准备各种常见的问题以及对这些问题最好的回答。故选D项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我研究了所有常见的问题以及回答它们的最佳方法，练习了自我评估，写下了要牢记在心的小贴士，为面试挑选了最完美的衣服。A.self-assessment自我评估；B.self-awareness自我认识；C.responses回复；D.approaches办法。结合后文“Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences”，后文我进行了简单的反思回顾，推测此处我在面试前练习自我评估。故选A项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我研究了所有常见的问题以及回答它们的最佳方法，练习了自我评估，写下了要牢记在心的小贴士，为面试挑选了最完美的衣服。A.casual休闲的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.fashionable时尚的；D.perfect完美的。结合后文“fortheinterview”以及常识可知，面试时选择的衣服应该是最完美的。故选D项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我和我的教授练习了一次面试，他给了我很好的建议，使我平静下来。A.news新闻；B.advice建议；C.motivation动机；D.protection保护。结合后文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假装你知道一些你不知道的事情。)可知教授给了我很好的建议。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：随便聊聊，做你自己就好。A.showoff炫耀；B.bequick快点；C.beyourself做你自己；D.givein屈服，让步。结合后文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假装你知道一些你不知道的事情。)”可知，教授建议我做自己，不要假装知道不知道的事情。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，人们试图假装他们有不好的经历或者知道他们不知道的信息。A.pretend假装；B.believe相信；C.explain解释；D.accept接受。结合前文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假装你知道一些你不知道的事情。)”可知，人们往往会假装他们有不好的经历来欺骗面试官。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，人们试图假装他们有不好的经历或者知道他们不知道的信息。A.sent发送；B.supplied应用；C.desired渴望；D.known知道。结合前文“Youknowwhatyouknow,sodon’tpretendthatyouknowsomethingyoudon’t.(你知道你所知道的，所以不要假装你知道一些你不知道的事情。)”可知，人们常常会假装知道他们不知道的信息。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，要做好面试前的研究，但我已经意识到，一个好的面试的关键在于自我反思。A.admitted承认；B.expected期望；C.realized意识到；D.predicted预测。结合后文“Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences(在简单回顾了我的经历之后)”可知我已经意识到了一些面试的关键。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，要做好面试前的研究，但我已经意识到，一个好的面试的关键在于自我反思。A.reflect反思；B.conclude结论；C.improve改善；D.doubt怀疑。结合后文“Aftersimplyreflectingonmyexperiences(在简单回顾了我的经历之后)”，可知我意识到关键是需要反思。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在简单回顾了我的经历之后，哪些课程进展顺利，哪些课程不顺利，我与学生和教职员工的关系等等。A.quarrels争吵；B.relationships关系；C.bargains讨价还价；D.appointments约会。结合后文“Ihadwithmystudentsandstaff”可知是我与学生和教职员工的关系。故选B项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不仅能够更快更有效地分享我为什么相信我所相信的事情的个人例子，而且能够分享我作为一名教师的观点和激情是如何发挥作用的。A.effectively有效地；B.mistakably有错误地；C.occasionally偶尔地；D.uncertainly不确定地。结合前文quickly，且空处用and连接，effectively表示我能够更快和更有效地进行分享。用故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不仅能够更快更有效地分享我为什么相信我所相信的事情的个人例子，而且能够分享我作为一名教师的观点和激情是如何发挥作用的。A.career事业；B.failure失败；C.anxiety焦虑；D.passion激情。结合后文“broughtoutmyenjoymentandpassionforteaching”可知，此处是我能够分享作为老师，激情是如何发挥作用。故选D项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我也意识到，谈论这些经历自然而然地带出了我对教学的享受和热情，而不仅仅是假设我将如何管理我的课堂。A.originally最初地；B.naturally自然地；C.hardly几乎不；D.unnecessarily不必要地。结合语境可知，带出我对教学的享受和热情是自然而然的。故选B项。【31题详解】考查介词词组辨析。句意：我也意识到，谈论这些经历自然而然地带出了我对教学的享受和热情，而不仅仅是假设我将如何管理我的课堂。A.ratherthan而不是；B.regardlessof不管；C.thanksto由于；D.asfor至于。结合前文“broughtoutmyenjoymentandpassionforteaching”及后文“justspeakinghypothetically(假设性地)abouthowIwouldrunmyclassroom.”为明显的转折关系，ratherthan意为“而不是”，表示转折。故选A项。第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Inabidtoholdasimple,safeandyetsplendidWinterGames,theopeningceremonyoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames____32____(be)notlengthyormarkedwithalarge-scaleperformance.TheOlympiccauldron(主火炬)atthesnowflake-themedceremonywassmall,____33____theflamesconveyedsignificantmessagesofgreenerOlympicGames.Theuseof____34____(advance)technologiessuchasartificialintelligence,machinevision,5Gandcloudbroadcastingaddedtothenoveltyoftheopeningceremony.Theperformances,____35____carriedforwardthethemeofglobalpeaceandsharedfutureforhumankind,focusedonenvironmental____36____(protect),humanhealthandphysicalfitness.ToreducethecarbonfootprintoftheWinterGames,alltheOlympicvenueswererunoncleanenergy.Forexample,about70percentofthematerials____37____(use)intheGameswereobtainedthroughrenting,includingnewsportingequipmentfurnitureintheOlympicvillage,technicaldevices.Also,themedalplatforms____38____(make)ofrecyclableandenvironmentallyfriendlymaterials.More____39____(important),thrift,atraditionalChinesevirtue,canhelpbuildahealthysocialenvironmentforChinatorealize____40____(it)targetsofpeakingcarbonemissionsbefore2030andcarbonneutralitybefore2060.Allthismadethe2022WinterGames____41____importantOlympicstofocusonachievingcarbonneutrality.【答案】32.was33.but34.advanced35.which36.protection37.used38.weremade39.important40.its41.an【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是北京2022年冬季奥运会开幕式的先进性和环保性。【32题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：为了举办一届简单、安全、精彩的冬季奥运会，北京2022年冬季奥运会开幕式没有冗长，也没有大规模表演。通篇时态是一般过去时，主语openingceremony是单数，因此空格处是was，故填was。【33题详解】考查连词。句意：在以雪花为主题的开幕式上，奥运圣火很小，但圣火传递了绿色奥运的重要信息。由small和theflamesconveyedsignificantmessages可知，前后是转折关系，空格处用表示转折的but，故填but。【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：人工智能、机器视觉、5G和云广播等先进技术的使用，为开幕式增添了新意。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词technologies，advance的形容词是advanced，意为“先进的”，故填advanced。【35题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些演出弘扬了全球和平和人类共同未来的主题，重点是环境保护、人类健康和身体健康。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Theperformances是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：这些演出弘扬了全球和平和人类共同未来的主题，重点是环境保护、人类健康和身体健康。environmental是形容词，修饰名词，protect的名词是protection，意为“保护”，是不可数名词，故填protection。【37题详解】考查过去分词。句意：例如，大约70%的奥运会材料是通过租赁获得的，包括新的运动器材、奥运村的家具、技术设备。材料与使用为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填used。【38题详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：此外，奖牌平台是由可回收环保材料制成的。根据常识和语境可知，奖牌平台是由可回收环保材料制成的，“由制成”是固定短语bemadeof，主语platforms是复数，通篇时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是weremade。故填weremade。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，节俭作为中国的传统美德，可以帮助中国建立一个健康的社会环境，实现2030年碳排放峰值和2060年碳中和的目标。根据上文more可知为形容词比较级，故填important。【40题详解】考查物主代词。句意：更重要的是，节俭作为中国的传统美德，可以帮助中国建立一个健康的社会环境，实现2030年碳排放峰值和2060年碳中和的目标。it和targets之间是所属关系，空格处意为“它的”，用形容词性物主代词its修饰名词targets，故填its。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：所有这些都使2022年冬奥会成为一届致力于实现碳中和的重要奥运会。Olympics在句中表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，不定冠词用an，故填an。第四部分词汇句型（共两节，满分20分）第一节：词义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）根据句子内容，从每组的选项中选出能匹配句子中划线部分意义的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A.tobecomegreaterinsizeandnumberB.inawaythatthereisnodoubtaboutit.C.adviseandtrytopersuadesbtodosomethingD.expectbadthingstohappenorsomethingriottobesuccessfulE.toreachthestandardofabilityorknowledgeneededtodoajobF.todosomethingortrytoachievesomethingoveraperiodoftimeG.somethingthatisabletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfoundH.tohappenorappearforthefirsttimeinaparticularplaceorsituationI.afirmpromisethatyouwilldosomethingorthatsomethingwillhappenJ.somethingthatyouthinkismoreimportantandshouldbedealtwithfirstK.followingwhatistraditionalorthewaysomethinghasbeendoneforalongtimeL.theimportanceofsomething,especiallywhenthishasaneffectonwhathappensinthefuture42.WhenI’dqualifiedandstartedteachingitwasadifferentstory.43.Thegovernmenthasgiventopprioritytoreformingthetaxsystem.44.Ialwaysurgepeopletousetheircriticalthinkingskillsandkeepanopenmind.45.HegavemeaguaranteethatitwouldneverhappenagainsoIforgavehimandgavehimanotherchance.46.Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreatsignificancetopeoplesufferingfromheartproblem.47.BaconandGalileiwerebraveenoughtostepoutoftheshadowsofconventionalthought.48.Noteveryoneispessimisticaboutthefuturebecausetheybelieveitisfullofchances.49.Allavailableevidenceindicatesthatthevirusdoesnotspreadeasilyfromanimalstohumanbeings.50.Theuniversitieshaveexpanded,thusallowingmanymorepeoplethechanceofhighereducation.51.Forothercountries,therailwaynetworkwilldefinitelycreatemoreopportunitiesforbusiness,tourismandsoon.【答案】42.E43.J44.C45.I46.L

47.K

48.D

49.G

50.A51.B【解析】【42题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：当我获得资格并开始教书时，情况就完全不同了。划线词qualified为动词，表示“获得资格”，E项“toreachthestandardofabilityorknowledgeneededtodoajob（达到做一项工作所需的能力或知识的标准。）”符合单词含义。故选E项。【43题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：政府把改革税收制度放在首位。划线词priority为名词，表示“优先”，J项“somethingthatyouthinkismoreimportantandshouldbedealtwithfirst(你认为更重要事情，应该首先处理。)”符合单词含义。故选J项。【44题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：我总是鼓励人们运用他们的批判性思维技巧，保持开放的心态。划线词urge为动词，表示“鼓励，劝说”，C项“adviseandtrytopersuadesbtodosomething(劝告和试图说服某人做某事。)”符合单词含义。故选C项。【45题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：他向我保证这种事不会再发生，所以我原谅了他，再给了他一次机会。划线词guarantee为名词，表示“保证”，I项“afirmpromisethatyouwilldosomethingorthatsomethingwillhappen(一个坚定的承诺，你将做某事或某事将发生。)”符合单词含义。故选I项。【46题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：这种新药的发现对心脏病患者来说意义重大。划线词significance为名词，表示“意义”，L项“theimportanceofsomething,especiallywhenthishasaneffectonwhathappensinthefuture（某事的重要性，尤其是当这对将来发生的事有影响的时候。）”符合单词含义。故选L项。【47题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：培根和伽利略足够勇敢地走出了传统思想的阴影。划线词conventional为形容词，表示“传统的”，K项“followingwhatistraditionalorthewaysomethinghasbeendoneforalongtime(遵循传统或者长期以来一直沿用的方法。)”符合单词含义。故选K项。【48题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：不是每个人都对未来感到悲观，因为他们相信未来充满机会。划线词pessimistic为形容词，表示“悲观的”，D项“expectbadthingstohappenorsomethingriottobesuccessful(期望坏事情发生或某些暴乱事件能够成功。)”符合单词含义。故选D项。【49题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：所有现有证据表明，该病毒不容易从动物传染给人类。划线词available为形容词，表示“可以获得的”，G项“somethingthatisabletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfound（能够被使用或容易被买到或找到的东西。）”符合单词含义。故选G项。【50题详解】考查单词翻译。句意：大学已经扩招，从而使更多的人有机会接受高等教育。划线词expand为动词，表示“扩大”，A项“tobecomegreaterinsize