Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking语言点课件-高一英语人教版

WordsandExpressionsWHAT'SINANAMETheUnitedKingdom,GreatBritain,Britain,England—manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifanyGettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.beconfusedby/about对…感到迷惑beconfusedwith与……混淆what引导的从句作介词by的宾语，what在从句中作mean的宾语。ifany如果有什么的话ifso如果那样gettingtoknow...是动名词短语作主语。Para.1Inthe16thcentury,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.Later,inthe18thcentury,thecountryScotlandwasjoinedtocreatetheKingdomofGreatBritain.Inthe19thcentury,theKingdomofIrelandwasaddedtocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:

theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Mostpeoplejustusetheshortenedname:“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”.PeoplefromtheUKarecalled“British”,

whichmeanstheUKisalsooftenreferredtoasBritainorGreatBritain.join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来joinsb.indoingsth.加入某人一起做某事breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱非限制性定语从句resultin导致resultfrom由于which引导的非限制性定语从句referto...as...把……称为……Para.2定语从句ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.Theyusethesameflag,knownastheUnionJack,

aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.However,theyalsohavesomedifferences.Forexample,

England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.Theyalsohavetheirowntraditions,liketheirownnationaldaysandnationaldishes.AndtheyevenhavetheirownfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup!that引导的定语从句过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰thesameflag①indefenceof为了保护/保卫...;为…辩护insb’sdefence为……辩护

②nationaldefence国防airdefence空防

self-defence自卫③defendv.防御；保护；辩解；辩白defend...from(against)...保护…免受…=protect...from…=prevent...(from)...=stop...(from)...=keep...from...④defensiveadj.防御的；保护的；保卫的Para.3TheUnitedKingdomhasalongandinterestinghistorytoexplore,whichcanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,

youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.Thefirstgroup,

theRomans,cameinthefirstcentury.Someoftheirgreatachievementsincludedbuildingtownsandroads.Next,

theAnglo­-Saxonsarrivedinthefifthcentury.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,

andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses.which引导的非限制性定语从句状语从句，everywhere意为“处处，到处”，引导状语从句定语从句thefirstgroup的同位语定语从句，修饰theway，省略的that或inwhich在从句中作方式状语Para.4beinevidence显眼；显而易见evidentadj.清楚的；显而易见的；显然的takeover接管，掌管prep.贯穿，遍及includedoingsth.包括做某事TheVikingscameintheeighthcenturyandleftbehindlotsofnewvocabulary,

aswellasthenamesofmanylocationsacrosstheUK.ThelastgroupweretheNormans.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-­knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland,

andmadechangestothelegalsystem.TheNormanswereFrench,

somanyFrenchwordsslowlyenteredintotheEnglishlanguage.havesth.done结构，表示“让某事被做”。Para.4leavebehind留下enterinto成为……的一部分；影响belocatedin位于，座落于

关于belocated+加介词in/on/at/to的区别在于：1)in指在某个范围之内，通常是用于比较大但又没有详细资料。“范围”不一定是面积上的大小，也可以是指一座大楼，但又不止那一层。如“Heislocatedinthatbuilding,butIdonotknowwhichfloor”。2)on指和某物相接,一般不会用于人身上。如“Thefactoryislocatedontheedgeofthecity”。侧重地理位置或环境。3)at通常是用于有精确地址的情况。如“Heislocatedat2ndFloor,No.128,YuqingStreet,KuiwenDistrict,Weifang”。4)to指靠近某物但有一段距离,一般是用来形容“某人”或“某工厂”或“某公司”从某地“迁移”到另外一个地方。如“Itislocatedtothenortheastofthepark.ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable.ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplacetostart,

asitisanancientportcitythathasahistorydatingallthewaybacktoRomantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore,

andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.TheUKisafascinatingmixofhistoryandmodernculture，withbothnewandoldtraditions.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,

youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.“Therebe＋主语＋todo”结构，不定式表示动作尚未发生。动名词短语作主语“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。as引导的原因状语从句that引导的定语从句现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰ahistoryPara.5alloverChina全中国adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的keepyoureyesopen(for)留心；留意besurprisedtodosth.做某事很惊奇puzzle

n.谜；智力游戏；难题vt.迷惑；使困惑1)apuzzletosb.对某人来说是个难题2)puzzle

about/over冥思苦想，苦苦思索3)puzzlingadj.令人困惑的puzzledadj.感到困惑的4)bepuzzledabout...对...困惑5)puzzleout解开,研究出;判断Isucceededinpuzzlingoutthemystery.我成功地解开了那个谜。6)puzzlementn.困惑;大惑不解Hestaredatthewordsincompletepuzzlement.他注视着那些语句,茫然不解。puzzle

n.谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑[名师点津]过去分词形式的形容词，如puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Wheretheviruscamefromwasapuzzle____thescientists.②Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha____________question,shestoodtherewitha_________lookonherface.(puzzle)③_______________iswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.④Shefrowned_______________.她迷惑地蹙着眉。topuzzlingpuzzledWhatpuzzlesmeinpuzzlementbelongvi.应在（某处）；适应belongto属于；是...的一员；与某事物或某处有关联belonging

n.归属asenseofbelonging归属感belongingsn.（pl.）所有物；财产注意：belongto既不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态;

to为介词。[即学即练]单句语法填空/句型转换①Shepackedherfew____________(belong)inabagandleft.②Atigerisalargefierceanimalwhichbelongstothecatfamily.→Atigerisalargefierceanimal____________thecatfamily.belongingsbelongingtosurroundvt.围绕；包围1)

surround...with…用……包围/围绕……

besurroundedby/with...被……包围/环绕2)surroundingadj.周围的；附近的surroundingsn.环境(常用复数)[即学即练]单句语法填空①The____________(surround)villageshavebeenabsorbedintothegrowingcity.②Someinsectstakeonthecoloroftheir____________(surround)toprotectthemselves.surroundingsurroundingsbreakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱；摆脱breakdown(机器)出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉；分解breakin打断；插嘴说；闯入breakinto闯入…；爆发breakout（战争）爆发；（火灾）突然发生breakup分解；解散；击碎；（关系等）破裂breakupwithsb:

endarelationshipwithsb与某人绝交She’sjustbrokenupwithherboy-friend.她刚与男朋友分手。breakthrough有重要创见;突破；克服，战胜Scientistssaytheyarebeginningtobreakthroughinthefightagainstcancer.科学家们说,他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。breakoff中断，断开She'sbroken____withherboy-friend.2.Aquarrelbroke_____amongthem.3.Thecarbroke______andtheyhadtowalkhome.4.Theybroke_____thehouseandtookthenecklaceaway.5.Thelittleboybroke______fromhismotherandranaway.6.Don’tbreak____whenothersarespeaking.upoutdownintoawayin用break相关短语填空单句语法填空[即学即练]选词填空：breakawayfrom/breakout/breakdown①Itwasthefactthathiscar_____________onthewaythisafternoonthatmadehimlateforthemeeting.②Hewascharginghismobilephonewhenthefire__________．③Sheistryingto________________thebadhabit，whichmakesherparentshappy.brokedownbrokeoutbreakawayfromaswellas同（一样也）；和；还①aswellas连词用法，就远原则，有相同用法的还有：with,alongwith,togetherwith,besides,like,ratherthan,withoutexcept,including,but,inadditionto等。②aswellas介词用法，后接doing或名词，意为“除..之外（还有），与besides,inadditionto相似。③aswellas一用于同级比较，意为“和.…...一样好”aswell还（相当于too，用于肯定句句尾）may/mightaswelldosth.最好做某事；不妨做某事[即学即练]单句语法填空①I'lldosomereadingforfunandforknowledge____well.②E­mail,aswellastelephones,_____(be)playinganimportantpartindailycommunication.asis[巩固内化]

单句语法填空1.Tearswelledupinhereyes,andherheartseemedtobetorn____well.2.Theteacheraswellashisstudents_________(go)toplanttreestomorrow.

asisgoing[衔接写作]补全句子

4.

Ifyoudonotlikeswimming,you__________gojogging.如果不喜欢游泳,你不妨慢跑。5.Theyareacoupleintherealworld_________inthemovie.他们在电影和现实生活中都是一对夫妇。mayaswellaswellasTheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses．他们引入了最初的英语，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。[句式分析]

way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接inwhich或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词inwhich或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作方式状语。Ithinkyouhurthispridebylaughingattheway(inwhich/that)hespeaksEnglish.我觉得你嘲笑他说英语的方式伤害了他的自尊心。(1)way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用关系代词that或which，作宾语时还可以省略。Thewaythat/whichcameupatthemeetingwasunpractical.在会议上提出的方法不切实际。(2)way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或ofdoingsth.的形式。Youshouldkeepinmindthatcomparingnoteswithyourclassmatesfrequentlyisagoodwaytoimproveyourstudy.TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage,andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses．他们引入了最初的英语，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Theway_____youthinkaboutthingsisunique.②Thinkitover,andyou'llfindouttheway____________(solve)thisproblem.thattosolveIfyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心观察，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。[句式分析]本句是“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。Youshouldkeepyourroomtidyandclean.你应该让你的房间保持干净、整洁。“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构有以下几种形式：形容词/副词/介词短语doing（表示动作持续进行）done（表示被动）Hekeptmewaitingforhalfanhour.他让我等了半个小时。Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.少说话，多观察。keep＋宾语＋Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen，youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.如果你留心观察，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。[即学即练]完成句子①她不集中精力工作导致了失败。Thatshehadn't________________________resultedinthefailure.②那时班上其他学生闭着眼。Theotherstudentsintheclass_____________________then.kepthermindonherworkkeeptheireyesclosedⅠ.单句语法填空

1．WhenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawtwotravelerswerereadingamap,looking_________(puzzle).2．TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrizeforhergreat_______________(achieve).puzzledachievement(s)practice3．____________(surround)byrowsoftrees,ourschoolstandsoutfromalltheotherbuildings.4．Theteacher,aswellashisstudents,____________(sing)asongwhenIpassedtheclassroom.5．Thereisanoldmansion____________(belong)toanofficeroftheQingDynasty.Surroundedwassingingbelonging6．There'sa____________(fascinate)drivemarkedoutfortourists.7．Somefamousperformerswilljoinintheperformance,whichwillsurelymaketheaudience_________(excite).8．Ilivedinasmallvillage_______(join)tothetownbyanarrowroad.fascinatingexcitedjoinedⅡ.选词填空join...to,indefenceof,alltheway,breakawayfrom,keepyoureyesopen,leavebehind1．Ifyou___________________，youwillmakefewmistakes.2．Theyfinallywonabattle_____________theirmotherland.3．Everyindividualorgroup____________theworldbytheInternet.keepyoureyesopenindefenceofisjoinedto4．Theboy________________hismotherandranaway.5．Whatifthefamilyhadsimply_____thecat_______？6．At7a.m.westartedattheschoolgate，andthenweran___________tothefootofthehill.brokeawayfromleftbehindallthewayⅢ.完成句子

1．我花很多时间读书，

也会和朋友们一起看电影、一起踢球。____________________________andplayingfootballwithmyfriends，Ispendalotoftimereading.2．他想出的防止空气污染的方法非常好。___________________hethoughtoftopreventtheairpollutionwasverygood.AswellasgoingtothemoviesTheway(that/which)3．保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。Pauldidagreatjobinthespeechcontest.He___________________manytimeslastweek.4．这次培训活动会让学习英语更简单、更有趣。

Thistrainingactivitywill_____________________________________________．musthavepracticedmakelearningEnglisheasierandmoreinterestingⅣ.课文语法填空AccordingtotheBritishhistory，Waleswasthefirstcountrytobejoined1.___theKingdomofEngland，whichhappenedinthe16thcentury.Later，ScotlandandtheKingdomofIreland2.________(add)tocreatetheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.Inthe20thcentury，thesouthernpartofIreland3._______(break)awayfromtheUK，4._______resultedinthefullnamewehavetoday：theUnitedtowereaddedbrokewhichKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland，whose5._________(shorten)nameis“theUnitedKingdom”or“theUK”．ThefourcountriesoftheUKuse6._____sameflagaswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.However，theyalsohavesome7._________(different)，likedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.TheUK'slongandinterestinghistorycanhelpyouunderstandmuchmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditions.StudyingthehistoryofshortenedthedifferencestheUKwillmakeyourvisitmuchmore8.________(enjoy).ThecapitalcityLondonisagreatplace9.________(start)，asitisanancientportcitythathasahistory10.________(date)allthewaybacktoRomantimes.Therearecountlesshistoricsitestoexplore，andlotsofmuseumswithancientrelicsfromallovertheUK.enjoyabletostartdating拓展词汇1._________n.谜；智力游戏;难题v.迷惑；使困惑→___________adj.令人困惑的→___________adj.感到困惑的→___________________n.迷惘；困惑2._________n.防御；保卫→_________v.保卫→_____________adj.防御