进行资源平衡计算CalculationofResource

《进行资源平衡计算》Calculationof

ResourceLeveling进行资源平衡计算，编制施工进度计划及资源需求计划，控制调整计划

Calculateresourceleveling,compiletheconstructionscheduleandresourcedemandplan,andcontroltheadjustmentplan

专业技能概述TheOverviewofProfessionalSkill1施工进度计划的编制与实施1.Thecompilationandimplementationoftheconstructionschedule施工进度计划是在施工方案的基础上，根据规定工期和技术物资供应条件，遵循工程的施工顺序，用图表形式表示各分部分项工程搭接关系及工程开竣工时间的一种计划安排。Constructionschedule,basedontheconstructionplan,isaschedulethatshowstheconnectionofeachsectionoftheprojectandthecommencementandcompletiondateoftheprojectintheformofcharts,accordingtothetimelimit,thesupplyoftechnicalmaterials,andconstructionsequence.(1)施工进度计划编制依据(1)Thebasisofformulatingtheconstructionschedule1)经过审批的全套施工图及各种采用标准图和技术资料。1)Approvedfullsetofconstructiondrawingsandvariousstandarddrawingsandtechnicaldata2)工程的工期要求及开工、竣工日期。2)Theduration,commencementdateandcompletiondateoftheproject3)工程项目工作顺序及相互间的逻辑关系。3)Theworksequenceandlogicalrelationshipamongengineeringprojects4)工程项目工作持续时间的估算。4)Theestimationofprojectduration5)资源需求。5)Resourcedemand6)作业制度安排。6)Thearrangementofoperationsystem7)约束条件。7)Constraints8)项目工作的提前和滞后要求。8)Requirementsformovingforwardorpostponingthedateoftheproject(2)施工进度计划编制方法(2)Themethodofcompilingtheconstructionschedule施工进度计划编制方法主要有横道图进度计划的编制方法和网络计划编制方法，在前面部分已述Itmainlycontainsthemethodofformulatingbarchartscheduleandnetworkplan,whichhasbeendescribedbefore.(3)施工进度计划的实施(3)Theimplementationoftheconstructionschedule施工进度计划的实施就是施工活动的进展，也就是用施工进度计划指导施工活动、落实和完成计划。Theimplementationoftheconstructionschedulemeanstheprogressoftheconstructionactivity,whichistousetheconstructionscheduletoguidetheconstructionactivity,implementandcompletetheplan.1)施工进度计划的审核1)Thereviewoftheconstructionschedule施工进度计划的审核内容包括:Thereviewoftheconstructionscheduleincludes:①进度安排是否符合施工合同确定的建设项目总目标和分目标的要求，是否符合其开、竣工日期的规定。①Whethertheschedulemeetstherequirementsofthegoalandsub-goalsoftheconstructionprojectdeterminedbytheconstructioncontract,andthecommencementandcompletiondateoftheconstruction.②施工进度计划中的内容是否有遗漏，分期施工是否满足分批交工的需要和配套交工的要求。②Whetherthere’ssomethingomittedintheconstructionschedule,andwhetherthestageconstructionmeetstheneedsofbatchandcompletesetdelivery.③施工顺序安排是否符合施工程序的要求。③Whetherthearrangementoftheconstructionsequencemeetstherequirementsoftheconstructionprocedure.④资源供应计划是否能保证施工进度计划的实现，供应是否均衡，分包人供应的资源是否满足进度要求。④Whetherthe

supplyplanofresourcescanensuretheimplementationoftheconstructionschedule,whetherthesupplyisbalanced,andwhethertheresourcessuppliedbythesubcontractormeettheschedulerequirements.⑤施工图设计的进度是否满足施工进度计划要求。⑤Whethertheprogressoftheconstructiondrawingdesignmeetstherequirementsoftheconstructionschedule.⑥总分包之间的进度计划是否相协调，专业分工与计划的衔接是否明确、合理。⑥Whethertheschedulesofthecontractorandsubcontractorarecoordinated,andwhethertheconnectionbetweenthespecializationandplanisclearandreasonable.⑦对实施进度计划的风险是否分析清楚，是否有相应的对策。⑦Whethertheriskofimplementingtheschedulehasbeenclearlyanalyzed,andwhethertherearerelevantsolutions.⑧各项保证进度计划实现的措施设计得是否周到、可行、有效。⑧Whetherthemeasuresdesignedtoensuretheimplementationoftheschedulearethoughtful,feasibleandeffective.2)施工进度计划的贯彻2)Theimplementationoftheconstructionschedule①检查各层次的计划，形成严密的计划保证系统。所有施工进度计划，包括施工，进度计划、单位工程施工进度计划、分部(项)工程施工进度计划，都是围绕一个总任务而编制的，它们之间关系是高层次计划为低层次计划提供依据，低层次计划是高层次计划的具体化。在其贯彻执行时，应当首先检查是否协调一致，计划目标是否层层分解、互材衔接，组成一个计划实施的保证体系，以施工任务书的方式下达施工队，保证施工进度计划的实施。①Reviewalltheplansandformastrictassurancesystemofplan.Allconstructionschedulesincludingconstruction,schedule,unitconstructionschedule,andtheconstructionscheduleofseparatedpart(item)projectareallformulatedaccordingtoonegeneraltask.Therelationshipbetweenthemisthathigher-levelplansprovidebasisforlower-levelplanswhilelower-levelplansaretheconcretizationofhigher-levelplans.Whenplansareimplemented,thefirstthingistoreviewwhethertheyarecoordinated,andwhethergoalsaredismantledandconnectedlayeruponlayersoastocomposean

assurancesystemofplanthatistoensuretheimplementationoftheconstructionschedulethroughassigningtaskstotheconstructionteamwithconstructionworkassignment.

②层层明确责任并利用施工任务书。项目经理、作业队和作业班组之间分别签订责任状，按计划目标明确规定工期、承担的经济责任、权限和利益。用施工任务书将作业任务下达到施工班组，明确具体施工任务、技术措施、质量要求等内容，使施工班组必须保证按作业计划时间完成规定的任务。②Makeresponsibilitiesclearlayeruponlayeranduseconstructionworkassignment.Theprojectmanagerandoperationteamsshouldrespectivelysigntheresponsibilitycontract,and,

accordingtothegoal,specifytheprojectdurationandeconomicresponsibilities,rightsandbenefitstheyshouldtakenon.Assigntaskstoconstructionteamsthroughconstructionworkassignment,andspecifytheconstructionwork,technicalmeasuresandqualityrequirementssoastoensurethattheconstructionteamsfinishtasksontime.③进行计划的交底，促进计划的全面、彻底实施。施工进度计划的实施是全体工作人员的共同行动，要使有关人员都明确各项计划的目标、任务、实施方案和措施，使管理层和作业层协调一致，将计划变成全体员工的自觉行动，在计划实施前可以根据计划的范围进行计划交底工作，以使计划得到全面、彻底的实施。③Disclosetheplanandpromotethecomprehensiveandthoroughimplementationoftheplan.Theimplementationoftheconstructionschedulerequiresallstaff'sefforts.Therefore,relevantpersonnelshouldspecifythegoals,tasksandimplementationplansandmeasures.Themanagementlayerandoperationlayershouldcoordinatewitheachother.Plansshouldbeturnedintoallstaff'sconsciousactions.Beforetheimplementationofplan,thedisclosureworkcanbecarriedoutaccordingtothescopeoftheplansoastopromotethecomprehensiveandthethoroughimplementationoftheplan.3)施工进度计划的实施与控制3)Theimplementationandcontroloftheconstructionschedule①编制月(旬)作业计划。为了实施施工进度计划，将规定的任务结合现场施工条件，如施工场地的情况、劳动力机械等资源条件和施工的实际进度，在施工开始前和过程中不断地编制本月(旬)作业计划，这是使施工计划更具体、更实际和更可行的重要环节。在月(旬)计划中要明确:本月(旬)应完成的任务;所需要的各种资源量;提高劳动生产率和节约措施等。①Preparemonthly(ten-day)operationplans.Inordertoimplementtheconstructionschedule,itisimportantthatoperationplansshouldbeconstantlypreparedforcurrentmonthbeforeorintheprocessoftheconstructionaccordingtoconstructionconditionsonsitesuchasthoseofconstructionsitesandresourcessuchaslaborandmachine,whichcanmaketheconstructionschedulemorespecific,realistic,andpractical.Inmonthly(ten-day)plans,thefollowingonesshouldbespecified:tasksshouldbefinishedincurrentmonth;variousresourcesrequired;theimprovementinlaborproductivityandcost-savingmeasuresandsoon.②签发施工任务书。编制好月(旬)作业计划以后，将每项具体任务通过签发施工任务书的方式下达班组进一步落实、实施。施工任务书是向班组下达任务，实行责任承包、全面管理和原始记录的综合性文件，它是计划和实施的纽带。施工班组必须保证指令任务的完成。施工任务书应由施工员按班组编制并下达。在实施过程中要做好记录，任务完成后回收，作为原始记录和业务核算资料。②Issuetheconstructionworkassignment.Afterthemonthly(tenday)operationplanisprepared,eachspecifictaskwillbeassignedtotheteamforfurtherimplementationbyissuingtheconstructionworkassignment.Theconstructionworkassignmentisacomprehensivedocumentthatassignstaskstotheteam,implementssystemofcontractedresponsibility,andprovidesoverallmanagementandoriginalrecords.Itisthelinkofplanningandimplementation.Theconstructionteammustensurethecompletionoftheinstructions.Theconstructionworkassignmentshallbepreparedandissuedbytheconstructionpersonnelaccordingtotheconstructionteam.Intheimplementationprocess,itisnecessary

makerecordsandthenrecycletherecordsafterthecompletionoftheconstructionastheoriginalrecordsandbusinessaccountingdata.施工任务书包括施工任务单、限额领料单和考勤表。施工任务单包括:分项工程施工任务、工程量、劳动量、开工日期、完工日期、工艺、质量和安全要求。限额领料单是根据施工任务单编制的控制班组领用材料的依据，应具体列明材料名称、规格、型号、单位和数量、领用记录、退料记录等。Theconstructionworkassignmentincludestheconstructionworklist,thematerialrequisitiononquotaandtheattendancesheet.Theconstructionworklistincludes:sub-itemconstructionwork,projectamount,laboramount,thestartdateandcompletiondateoftheconstructionandconstructiontechnology,qualityandsafetyrequirements.Thematerialrequisitiononquotaisthebasisforthematerialrequisitionusedbythecontrolteamaccordingtotheconstructionworklist,anditshouldspecifymaterial’sname,specification,model,unitandamount,andrequisitionandreturnrecords,etc.③做好施工进度记录，填好施工进度统计表。在计划任务完成的过程中，各级施工进度计划的执行者都要跟踪做好施工记录，及时记载计划中的每项工作开始日期、每日成交数量和完成日期，记录施工现场发生的各种情况、干扰因素的排除情况;跟踪做好形象十三、进行资源平衡计算，编制施工进度计划及资源需求计划，控制调整计划223.进度、工程量、总产值、耗用的人工、材料和机械台班等的数量统计与分析，为施工项目度检查和控制分析提供反馈信息。因此，要求实事求是记载，并据以填好上报统计报表。③

Makeconstructionschedulerecordandfillintheconstructionschedulestatisticssheet.Intheprocessofthecompletionoftheconstructionplan,theresponsiblepersonneloftheconstructionscheduleatalllevelsshouldtrackandrecordtheconstruction,timelyrecordthestartdateofeachprojectintheplan,thedailycompletionamountandthecompletiondate,andrecordvarioussituationsintheconstructionsiteandtheeliminationofinterferencefactors;tracktheimagexiII,calculateresourceleveling,formulatetheconstructionscheduleandresourcedemandplan,andcontroltheadjustmentplan.Thequantitystatisticsandanalysisofconstructionschedule,constructionamount,grossoutputproduct,andtheconsumptionoflabor,materialandmechanicalclassprovidefeedbackinformationfortheinspectionandcontrolanalysisofconstructionproject.Therefore,itismandatorytoberecordedinapracticalandrealisticway,andfillinthestatisticalsheetasrequested.④做好施工中的调度工作。施工中的调度是组织施工中各阶段、环节、专业和工种的互相配合、进度协调的指挥核心。调度工作是使施工进度计划顺利实施进行的重要手段。其主要任务是掌握计划实施情况，协调各方面关系，采取措施，排除各种矛盾，加强各薄弱环节，实现动态平衡，保证完成作业计划和实现进度目标。④Ensuretheschedulingworkintheconstructionsite.Schedulingworkintheconstructionsiteistheguidingcoreofthecoordinationofeachstage,link,professionandtypeofworkinconstruction.Schedulingworkisanimportantmeanstomaketheconstructionschedulesmooth.Itsmaintaskistomastertheimplementationoftheplan,coordinatetherelationshipbetweenvariousaspects,takemeasurestoeliminateallkindsofproblems,strengthentheweaklinkstoachievedynamicbalance,ensurethecompletionoftheoperationplanandachievetheschedulingtargetoftheconstruction.2.工程项目资源2.Engineeringprojectresourcemanagement工程项目资源是对项目中使用的人力资源、材料、机械设备、技术、资金和基础设施等的总称。工程项目资源管理是指对项目所需人力、材料、机械设备、技术、资金和基础设施所进行的计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制等活动。Engineeringprojectresourcemanagementisthegeneraltermofhumanresources,materials,machinery,equipment,technology,capitalandinfrastructureusedintheproject.Engineeringprojectresourcemanagementreferstothetargetedplan,organization,guidance,coordinationandcontrolactivitiesintermsofhumanresources,materials,machinery,technology,capitalandinfrastructureneededintheproject.工程项目资源的特点主要表现为:Themajorcharacteristicsofprojectresourcemanagement:①工程所需资源的种类多、需求量大;①Multipletypesandlargedemands;②工程项目建设过程的不均衡性;②Theimbalanceintheconstructionprocess;③资源供应受外界影响大，具有复杂性和不确定性，资源经常需要在多个项目中协调; ③Resourcesupply,influencedbytheoutsideworld,iscomplicateanduncertain,andoftenneedtobecoordinatedinmanyprojects;④资源对项目成本的影响大。④Resourceexertsalargeimpactontheprojectcosts.3.资源配置计划与平衡计算 3.Resourceallocationplanandlevelingcalculation(1)资源配置计划(1)Resourceallocationplan施工进度计划编制确定以后，便可编制劳动力配置计划;编制主要材料、预制构件、门窗等的配置和加工计划;编制施工机具及周转材料的配置和进场计划。它们是做好劳动力与物资的供应、平衡、调度、落实的依据，也是施工单位编制施工作业计划的主要依据之一。Aftertheconstructionscheduleisdetermined,thelaborallocationplancanbeprepared;setuptheconfigurationandprocessingplanofmainmaterials,prefabricatedcomponents,doors,windowsandothermaterials.formulatetheconfigurationandsiteplanofconstructionmachineryandtoolsandturnovermaterials.Theyarethemainbasistoensurethesupply,balance,scheduleandimplementationoflaborandmaterials,andtheyarealsooneofthemainconditionsforconstructionunitstoprepareconstructionworkingprogram.①劳动力配置计划。单位工程施工中所需要的各种技术工人、普工人数。一般要求要按月分旬编制计划。主要根据确定的施工进度计划提出，其方法是按进度表上每天需要的施工人数，分工种进行统计，得出每天所需工种及人数、按时间进度要求汇总编出。①Laborallocationplan.Skilledworkersandgeneralworkersneededintheconstructionofaunitproject.Itisgenerallyrequiredtoprepareaplanintendayspermonth.Itismainlyputforwardaccordingtothedecidedconstructionschedule.Themethodistomakestatisticsaccordingtothedifferentworktypeonthebasisofthenumberofconstructionpersonnelneededonthescheduleeveryday.Basedonthis,thenumberoftypesofworkandthenumberofconstructionpersonnelrequiredeachdayareobtained,andthesummaryiscompiledaccordingtothetimeschedule.②主要材料配置计划。这种计划是根据施工预算、材料消耗定额和施工进度计划编制的，主要反映施工过程中各种主要材料的需要量，作为备料、供料和确定仓库、堆场面积及运输量的依据。②Mainmaterialconfigurationplan.Thisplaniscompiledaccordingtotheconstructionbudget,materialconsumptionquotaandconstr