语法时态语态课件高三英语一轮复习

动词时态、语态谓语动词非谓语

动词连系动词amisarewaswerelooksoundseemgetturn实义动词/行为动词(vt./vi)runsinglearnsaywrite助动词dodoesdidhavehaswill情态动词canmaymustneeddare不定式

(todo)现在分词

(V-ing)过去分词

(V-ed)时态语态虚拟语气动词时态现在时(do)过去时(did)将来时(willdo)过去将来时一般态do/doesdidwilldowoulddo进行态(bedoing)bedoingwas/weredoingwillbedoingwouldbedoing完成态(havedone)have/hasdonehaddonewillhavedonewouldhavedone完成进行态(havebeendoing)have/hasbeendoinghadbeendoingwillhavebeendoingwouldhavebeendoingHowmanytenses?Form时：是说明动作发生的时间。态：是说明动作完成的程度时态：英文中，用于说明动作发生的时间和状态的结构1.一般现在时Theyarealwayshappy.Totorooftenplayshappily.主语＋动词原形/第三人称单数形式＋其他futurepastnow(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态，常与seldom,often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday,onSundays,onceaweek等频度副词和表频率的时间状语连用。用法01一般现在时1Igotoschoolatseveneveryday.2

Theearthmovesaroundthesun.(2)表示客观真理、科学事实和格言警句。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时态，从句中谓语动词也要用一般现在时态。(1)表示经常性的、习惯性的动作，常与频度时间状语连用,如：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never,every+时间；on+星期Hesaid用法01一般现在时3I'llgoshoppingwithmymotherifsheisfreetomorrow.(3)在if条件状语从句中“主将从现”。4ThetrainleavesforJinanat9:00.(4)表示按时间表或安排好的事或将要发生的事情。如火车发车，飞机起飞等。2.一般过去时Theywerehappyatthattime.Itrainedheavilylastnight.主语＋动词过去式＋其他结构futurepastnow02一般过去时用法LastyearIwenttotheHangzhouNationalTeaMuseum.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Weoften______toworkbybuslastyear.went3.一般将来时Theywillgohometomorrow.Sheisgoingtoreadbookstonight.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋其他主语＋begoingto＋动词原形＋其他1.表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与soon,next

time,tomorrow,fromnowon,tonight,inafewdays等表示将来的时间状语连用。2.表示计划、“打算”，或根据迹象推测将要发生的事情也用begoingto；但表示客观情况、有礼貌的邀请或意愿时用will而不用begoingto；shall表示将来的动作时仅用于I/we。3.现在进行时表将来。表示位置移动的动词可用“be＋动词-ing形式”表示将来，如leave,start,begin,stay,come,

go等，表示即将发生或安排好要做的事。即练单句填空1.Theworld______________(celebrate)EarthDayeveryyearonApril22.2.ThebullettraintoBeijing_______(take)offat11:00am.Let’shurry.3.ItwasAnnathat______________________(introduce)thebookPayItForwardtoSarahtwomonthsago.4.He________________(leave)forLondonintwohourstomeetwithhismanager.celebratestakesintroducedisleaving4.现在进行时Theyareshoutingnow.Look!Theyaredancing.主语＋am/is/are＋动词的现在分词＋其他（1）表示现在或现阶段（指说话人说话时）正在发生的动作。Scientistsarenowtryingtomakerobotslooklikehumansanddothesamethingsasus.Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.(2)趋向动词come,go,leave,fly等用现在进行时表示将来TheyareleavingforEnglandtomorrow.(3)表示频繁发生的习惯性动作时，常与always等频度副词连用，带有一定的感情色彩Heisalwaystellingalie.5.过去进行时Hewaswaitingforyouatthattime.主语＋was/were＋动词的现在分词＋其他Iwasdoingmyhomeworkallthemorningyesterday.1.表示过去某一时间点或某一段时间正在进行的动作，常与atthis/thetimeyesterday,then,yesterday,atthattime等表示过去的时间状语连用Weenteredtheroom

while

he

waslisteningtotheradio.2.在含有while引导的时间状语从句中，从句用过去进行时，表示动作在过去某一时刻同时进行。Thistimetomorrowwe'llbesittinginthecinemaandwatchingafilm..主语＋will＋be+动词的现在分词＋其他明天这个时候我们会坐在电影院看电影。6.将来进行时常用的时间状语有:atthistimetomorrow/fromninetotentomorrowevening/alldaytomorrow/...表示将来某时刻正在进行的或延续的动作7.现在完成进行时Tomhasbeenworkinghardsincethenewtermbegan.表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在,并有可能持续下去。Youhavebeentellingmenottobelatealltheway.主语＋has/havebeen＋ving+其他即练单句填空1.Whilehe______________(wait)forthebus,Iaskedhimtolendmetwentypounds.2.Theweatherisannoying.It_______________(rain)sincelastSunday.3.Janewon’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoon,becauseshe________________(teach)aclassatthattime.4.Jamesisalways________(help)othersinneed.waswaitinghasbeenrainingwillbeteachinghelping8.现在完成时Hehasalreadyfinishedhiswork.TheyhavelearnedEnglishforthreeyears.主语＋has/have＋动词的过去分词结构(1)强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响;(2)表示过去开始的动作一直延伸到现在,还有可能继续下去。已经用法08

现在完成时分类用法举例延续性动词能够延续的动作或状态,在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间状语连用work,study,live,keep,stay非延续性动词短暂性动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，在完成时中不能和表示持续一段时间的状语连用，如果和表示一段时间的状语连用，就要用其他词代替go,come,arrive,leave,begin,start,join,marry，end,die注意:非延续性动词不能与表示段时间连用非延续性动词延续性动词buyhaveborrow/lendhave/keepbecomebebegin/startbeoncome/gobackbebackclosebeclosedcatchacoldhaveacolddiebedead延续性动词和非延续性动词之间的转化用法08

现在完成时Hefoundthebookthathehadlost.Ididn’tknowIhadgivenyousomuchtrouble.9.过去完成时had＋动词的过去分词（done）1.表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态,即“过去的过去”futurepastnow2.表示从过去某一时间延续到另一过去时间的动作。常用的时间状语有:by+过去时间(then/theendoflastmonth/bythetimewegothome/…)futurepastnowBytheendofyesterday,wehadreceivedover1,000lettersfromallovertheworld.到昨天为止,我们已经收到了来自世界各地的1,000多封信。表示到将来某一时间或动作之前已发生的动作。

常用的时间状语有:by+将来时间；bythetime+句子Bytheendof2037,theworld’spopulationwillhavereached9billion.（将来完成时）futurepastnow将来完成时10.将来完成时主语＋will＋have+动词的过去分词(done)即练单句填空1.ItisthefirsttimethatI________(meet)mynephew.2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Overtheyears,John________(take)onmanybigjobs.3.We_______________(learn)3，500wordsbytheendoflastterm.4.Nosooner________sheheardthebadnewsthansheburstintotears.5.We_______________(finish)thereportbynextMonday.havemethastakenhadlearned/learnthadwillhavefinishedVoice(语态):

表示主语与谓语动词之主客关系的动词形式称为语态。若主语为动作动词的行为发出者，那么表达这种关系的动词形式叫做主动语态.

（ActiveVoice）反之，若主语为动作动词的承受者，那么表达这种关系的动词形式叫做被动语态.（PassiveVoice）They

respect

him.Heisrespectedbythem.语态：主动语态&被动语态常用动词时态语态一览表(以do为例）形式时间一般式（bedone)进行式(bebeingdone)完成式(havebeendone)现在am/is/aredoneam/is/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendone过去was/weredonewas/werebeingdonehadbeendone将来shall/willbedone

shall/willhavebeendone构成：bedoneTips判断主语是动作发出者还是动作承受者；判断语句中的时态（根据时间副词或从句）；动词的被动语态与主语保持主谓一致（第三人称人数、复数等）。Peopleregarditasamascot(吉祥物)inThe2022OlympicWinterGames.

It___________asamascot(吉祥物)inThe2022OlympicWinterGames(bypeople).主语A+谓语动词B1（及物动词）+宾语C主语C+谓语动词B2(变被动,与主语一致)+宾语Ado/does---一般现在时isregardedam/is/aredoneCaoxue,dean（院长）ofGuangzhouAcademyofFineArts(广州美术学院),designedtheimageofBingDwenDwenin2019.TheimageofBingDwenDwen______________byCaoxue,deanofGuangzhouAcademyofFineArts(广州美术学院)in2019.一般过去时did---wasdesignedwas/weredoneWewilldefeatCOVID-19inthefuture.Dr.ZhongNanshansaidwewoulddefeatCOVID-19inthefuture.COVID-19________________(byus)inthefuture.Dr.ZhongNanshansaidCOVID-19_______________

(byus)inthefuture.一般将来时过去将来时willdo---woulddo---willbedefeated

wouldbedefeatedwillbedonewouldbedoneSomepeople______________________(quarantine隔离)nowduetothepandemic.Iheardthenewsthatsomepeople____________________(quarantine)duetothepandemicwhenIwaswatchingTV.现在进行时过去进行时am/is/aredoing---was/weredoing---arebeingquarantinedwerebeingquarantinedam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneDoctorshavefoundaneffectivewaytodefeatthediseasesofar.PeoplehadnotneededmasksbeforetheoutbreakofCOVID19.现在完成时过去完成时has/havedone---haddone---Aneffectivewaytodefeatthedisease_____________

(bydoctors)

sofar.Masks______________beforetheoutbreakofCOVID19.

hasbeenfoundhadnotbeenneeded

has/havebeen