新概念英语第三册

Lesson37TheWesthavenExpress开往威斯特海温的快车一、【Text】课文

Wehavelearnttoexpectthattrainswillbepunctual.Afteryearsofconditioning,mostofushavedevelopedanunshakablefaithinrailwaytimetables.Shipsmaybedelayedbystorms;airflightsmaybecancelledbecauseofbadweather;buttrainsmustbeontime.Onlyanexceptionallyheavysnowfallmighttemporarilydislocaterailwayservices.Itisalltooeasytoblametherailwayauthoritieswhensomethingdoesgowrong.Thetruthisthatwhenmistakesoccur,theyaremorelikelytobeoursthantheirs.Afterconsultingmyrailwaytimetable,InotedwithsatisfactionthattherewasanexpresstraintoWesthaven.Itwentdirectfrommylocalstationandthejourneylastedamerehourandseventeenminutes.WhenIboardedthetrain,Icouldnothelpnoticingthatagreatmanylocalpeoplegotonaswell.Atthetime,thisdidnotstrikemeasodd.Ireflectedthattheremustbeagreatmanypeoplebesidesmyselfwhowishedtotakeadvantageofthisexcellentservice.NeitherwasIsurprisedwhenthetrainstoppedatWidley,atinystationafewmilesalongtheline.Evenamightyexpresstraincanbeheldupbysignals.Butwhenthetraindawdledatstationafterstation,Ibegantowonder.Itsuddenlydawnedonmethatthisexpresswasnotroaringdownthelineatninetymilesanhour,butbarelychuggingalongatthirty.Onehourandseventeenminutespassedandwehadnotevencoveredhalfthedistance.IaskedapassengerifthiswastheWesthavenExpress,buthehadnotevenheardofit.Ideterminedtolodgeacomplaintassoonaswearrived.Twohourslater,IwastalkingangrilytothestationmasteratWesthaven.Whenhedeniedthetrain'sexistence,Iborrowedhiscopyofthetimetable.TherewasanoteoftriumphinmyvoicewhenItoldhimthatitwasthereinblackandwhite.Glancingatitbriefly,hetoldmetolookagain.Atinyasteriskconductedmetoafootnoteatthebottomofthepage.Itsaid:'Thisservicehasbeensuspended.'

二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

●express

n.快车；adj.高速的●punctual

adj.准时的;●condition

v.使习惯于●unshakable

adj.不可动摇的●faith

n.信任●cancelv.取消●exceptionally

adv.例外地●dislocate

v.打乱（计划等）●blame

v.责怪●consult

v.请教，查阅●direct

adv.径直地●odd

adj.奇怪的，异常的●reflectv.细想●advantage

n.优势●mighty

adj.强大的，有力的●dawdle

v.慢吞吞的动或做●chug

v.咔嚓咔嚓地响●lodge

v.提出●comlaint

n.抱怨●triumph

n.胜利●asterisk

n.星号（*）●conduct

v.引向，引导

■expressn.快车；adj.高速的expressway:高速公路expresstrain快车specialexpress特快throughexpress直快stopping/localtrain慢车

■punctualadj.准时的;bepunctualindoingsth.在做……方面非常准时bepunctualtotheminute非常准时

Eg:Heisamanwho’spunctualtotheminute.■mightyadj.强大的，有力的■dawdlev.慢吞吞的动或做■chugv.咔嚓咔嚓地响■lodgev.提出make/lodgecomplaint提出抱怨

■comlaintn.抱怨■triumphn.胜利■asteriskn.星号（*）■conductv.引向，引导三、【课文精析】

Keysentence:

Wehavelearnttoexpectthattrainswillbepunctual.We'velearnttoexpectthat……

我们已经习惯于期盼……

Keysentence:

Afteryearsofconditioning,mostofushavedevelopedanunshakablefaithinrailwaytimetables.developanunshakablefaithinsth

对……产生了……样的信念

Keysentence:

Onlyanexceptionallyheavysnowfallmighttemporarilydislocaterailwayservices.

Itisalltooeasytoblametoo...to句型中，在too前出现了all,only,but,not等词的时候，to就有肯定意义Eg:Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.

Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老，学到老

belikelytodo有可能...Eg:Youarelikelytogetsuccessifyouworkhard.Itislikelythat...Itislikelythathearrivedhereinbable不能与不定式搭配比possible可能性大Eg:Itisprobable/possiblethat...Eg:Itisprobable/possiblethathewillspeaktoyou.Itispossibleforustofinishtheworkinanhour.

strikesbas给某人以……印象，使某人感到;as后面可以接分词、名词、形容词搭配连用。Eg:Theactivityatrokemeaswastingtime.

holdup==holdback,hinder,prevent

dawnonsb

渐渐被某人明白barely==only

inblackandwhite白纸黑字

Keystructure

We'velearnttoexpectthat……

我们已经习惯于期盼……We'velearnttoexpectthat……

我们已经习惯于期盼……Itisalltooeasytoblametoo...to句型中，在too前出现了all,only,but,not等词的时候，to就有肯定意义belikelytodo有可能...Itislikelythat...Thefirstparagraphisimportantgodirectfrom...to...strikesbas给某人以……印象，使某人感到;as后面可以接分词、名词、形容词搭配连用。holdup==holdback,hinder,preventdawnonsb

渐渐被某人明白inblackandwhite白纸黑字Lesson38Thefirstcalender最早的日历一、【Text】课文Futurehistorianswillbeinauniquepositionwhentheycometorecordthehistoryofourowntimes.Theywillhardlyknowwhichfactstoselectfromthegreatmassofevidencethatsteadilyaccumulates.Whatismoretheywillnothavetorelysolelyonthewrittenword.Films,videos.CDsandCD-ROMsarejustsomeofthebewilderingamountofinformationtheywillhave.Theywillbeable,asitwere,toseeandhearusinaction.Butthehistorianattemptingtoreconstructthedistantpastisalwaysfacedwithadifficulttask.Hehastodeducewhathecanfromthefewscantycluesavailable.Evenseeminglyinsignificantremainscanshedinterestinglightonthehistoryofearlyman.Uptonow,historianshaveassumedthatcalendarscameintobeingwiththeadventofagriculture,forthenmanwasfacedwitharealneedtounderstandsomethingabouttheseasons.Recentscientificevidenceseemstoindicatethatthisassumptionisincorrect.Historianshavelongbeenpuzzledbydots,linesandsymbolswhichhavebeenengravedonwalls,bones,andtheivorytuskofmammoths.ThenomadswhomadethesemarkingslivedbyhuntingandfishingduringthelastIceAge,whichbeganabout35,000B.C.andendedabout10,000B.C.Bycorrelatingmarkingsmadeinvariouspartsoftheworld,historianshavebeenabletoreadthisdifficultcode.Theyhavefoundthatitisconnectedwiththepassageofdaysandthephasesofthemoon.Itis,infact,aprimitivetypeofcalendar.Ithaslongbeenknownthatthehuntingscenesdepictedonwallswerenotsimplyaformofartisticexpression.Theyhadadefinitemeaning,fortheywereasnearasearlymancouldgettowriting.Itispossiblethatthereisadefiniterelationbetweenthesepaintingsandthemarkingsthatsometimesaccompanythem.Itseemsthatmanwasmakingarealefforttounderstandtheseasons20,000yearsearlierthanhasbeensupposed.

二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

●calendar

n.历法，日历●historian

n.历史学家●uniqueadj.无与伦比的●steadily

adv.不断地●solely

adv.唯一地●video

n.录像●CD-ROM

n.（只读）光盘驱动器●bewilder

v.令人眼花缭乱●deduce

v.推断，推理●scantyadj.不足的，贫乏的●clue

n.线索●insignificant

adj.不重要的●shed

v.使流出，泻●adventn.出现，到来，来临●agriculture

n.农业●assumptionn.假定，设想●dot

n.小圆点●symbol

n.符号●engrave

v.雕刻●ivory

n.象牙制品●mammoth

n.（古）长毛象●phase

n.月相，天相●tusk

n.獠牙，长牙、象牙●primitive

adj.原始的●nomadn.游牧民●depict

v.描画，描绘●correlate

v.使相互联系

■calendarn.历法，日历calender轮压机

■historiann.历史学家historic

具有历史意义的Thisisahistoricspeech.historical

与历史研究有关系的historicalresearch历史研究

■uniqueadj.无与伦比的unique:uneaqualedSpeechisauniquehumanabilityunique不能接受比较级，可以接受quite,almost,nearly,surely,really等修饰，但不能接受rather,very等词的修饰。unique独一无二的，因唯一而独特speical

注重性质的特殊especial

强调超过其他的全部Eg:Thisisamatterofespecialimportance.Thisisaespeciallyimportantmatter.particular特定的，着重同类中某一个所有独特的性质Pineappleshaveparticularflavour.菠萝有特别的味道。exceptionalextraordinary特别的，与众不同的Eg:ThewarmweatherisexceptionalforJamuary.■steadilyadv.不断地■solelyadv.唯一地■videon.录像■CD-ROMn.（只读）光盘驱动器■bewilderv.令人眼花缭乱bewilder:confuseEg:shewasbewilderedbysomanybeautifuldresses.puzzle

某问题因复杂而令人费解Eg:Iampuzzledbytheproblem.

perplex

难以理解（包含焦虑不安，不知如何解决的意思）Eg:

Heisperplexedfortheanswer.bewilderment:n.inbewilderment茫然不知所措

■deducev.推断，推理deduce:determineordecidesth.bygivenfacts.Eg:Ideducetheconclusionfromthegivenfacts.deduce…from从…中推论，推断infer推断（不表示过程）Eg:Whatcanyouinferfromthetext?deduce

==>(ant.)indece归纳

■scantyadj.不足的，贫乏的scanty:toofew,notenoughscantyknowledge一知半解ascantycrop欠收bescantyofsth奇缺beshortof

短缺Eg:Thevillageschoolisscantyoftextbooks.这乡村学校奇缺教材。bewantof=inneedof需要……

■cluen.线索■insignificantadj.不重要的■shedv.使流出，泻shed:pouroutshedtears泪流满面shedlight发光shedlightonsb.启发，启迪shedone’sbloodforcountry为祖国而流血。shedone'sclothes脱去衣服

■adventn.出现，到来，来临advent:comingorarrivalattheadventofwinter在冬天到来的时候attheadventof在…到来的时候sincetheadventof自从…的到来

■agriculturen.农业■assumptionn.假定，设想■dotn.小圆点■symboln.符号■engravev.雕刻■ivoryn.象牙制品■mammothn.（古）长毛象■phasen.月相，天相■tuskn.獠牙，长牙、象牙■primitiveadj.原始的■nomadn.游牧民■depictv.描画，描绘■correlatev.使相互联系

三、【课文精析】

intheuniqueposition

处于无以伦比，独一无二的情况cometo:start,begin

Keysentence:

Theywillhardlyknowwhichfactstoselectfromthegreatmassofevidencethatsteadilyaccumulates.selectfrom从……中进行选择(同类中)choose挑选（凭个人意愿）一、有三种情况choose和select不能互换：1．当在两者中选一个时只能用choose,即choosebetweenEg:Wehavetochoosebetweenleavingearlyandpayingfortaxi.2．choose可带wh从句Eg:I'llletyouchoosewhereweshouldgotoeat.3．choosetodo只能用choose.Eg:Whatinvariablyhappensisthatagreatnumberofthingschoosetogowrongatpreciselythesamemoment.（L33）

Hehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.(L27)二、select比choose更正式，即在许多同类的人或物当中根据客观标准对这两个加以比较，鉴别，认真地挑选出最好的、最喜欢的、最有用的。

greatmassof==toomuch＝＝agreatamountofevidence不可数名词；不能手agreatmany,alargenumberofEg:Sheselectedabluedressfromthewardrobe.Youhavebeenselectedtopresentusonthecommittee.

whatismore

更有甚者，furthremore,moreover更是的意思whatisworse

更糟糕的是

relyon==counton==dependon依靠，指望Eg:Youcan’trelyonothers.Hecan’tbereliedon.

solelyadv.唯一地means:only,just,nearly

bewilder令人眼花缭乱bewildering令人眼花缭乱的bewildered感到眼花缭乱的

Theywillbeable,asitwere,toseeandhearusinaction.inaction行动中的，活动中的asitwere

可以说，似乎，好像Eg:Heisasitwereawalkingdictionary.他可以说是一部活字典

Computerscanneverasitwereleadindependentlives.

电脑不能过独立的生活asitis=infact=inreally=actually=asamatteroffact事实上Eg:Ithoughtthingswouldgetbetter,butasitis,theyaregettingworse.Inmanywayschildrenlivesasitwereinadifferentworldfromtheadults.在许多方面，孩子们可以说过着一种与大人完全不同的生活。

Keysentence:

Butthehistorianattemptingtoreconstructthedistantpastisalwaysfacedwithadifficulttask.befacedwith:beinthepositioninwhichonemustdealwithaproblemorunpleasantsituation.面临（因境，问题）Eg:Automobileindustryisfacedwithabadfuturenow.汽车工业正面临着令人担忧的未来。Agreatmanypeoplearefacedwithlosingtheirjobs.许多人面临着失业。Inmyopinion,youarefacedwithaproblemasitwerehowtogetenoughtimetostudyEnglish.ThestudentattemptingtolearnEnglishwellinayearisfacedwithadifficulttask.企图在一年之内把英语学好的学生面临着巨大的难题。

availableadj.可利用的Eg:Ihavedictionaryavailabeforyou.Isthereaplaceavailableforustohaveachat.Iknowyouareinneedofhelp,butexcuseme,Idon’thaveanystudentsavailableforyou.

remains==ruins遗迹，遗物insignificant==unimportantshedlighton=throwlighton=castlighton意思是：makeamatterclearorunderstood解释，说明，提示Eg:Thisinformationshedlightontheproblem.这份情报会搞清楚这一问题。Canyoushedanylightonthecaseofthefire?你能够解释这次火灾吗？Shewillshedlightonthecaseofstolenjewels.好将能够揭示这次珠宝失窃案。

uptonow=sofar到目前为止comeintobeing==comeintoexistence产生，出现cometopower上台comeintouse开始使用

befacedwitharealneedtodosth.面临着做某事的真正需要。Eg:WearefacedwitharealneedtolearnEnglishwell.

indicate揭示

correlate

相互联系

itisconnectedwith==itisassociatedwith

infact可以替换为asitis;actually,inreality

asnearas接近

Lesson39Nothingtoworryabout不必担心一、【Text】课文

TheroughroadacrosstheplainsoonbecamesobadthatwetriedtogetBrucetodrivebacktothevillagewehadcomefrom.Eventhoughtheroadwaslitteredwithbouldersandpittedwithholes,Brucewasnotintheleastperturbed.Glancingathismap,heinformedusthatthenextvillagewasameretwentymilesaway.ItwasnotthatBrucealwaysunderestimateddifficulties.Hesimplyhadnosenseofdangeratall.Nomatterwhattheconditionswere,hebelievedthatacarshouldbedrivenasfastasitcouldpossiblygo.Aswebumpedoverthedustytrack,weswervedtoavoidlargeboulders.Thewheelsscoopedupstoneswhichhammeredominouslyunderthecar.Wefeltsurethatsoonerorlaterastonewouldripaholeinourpetroltankordamagetheengine.Becauseofthis,wekeptlookingback,wonderingifwewereleavingatrailofoilandpetrolbehindus.Whatareliefitwaswhentheboulderssuddenlydisappeared,givingwaytoastretchofplainwheretheonlyobstacleswereclumpsofbushes.Buttherewasworsetocome.Justaheadofustherewasahugefissure.Inresponsetorenewedpleadings,Brucestopped.Thoughweallgotouttoexaminethefissure,heremainedinthecar.Weinformedhimthatthefissureextendedforfiftyyardsandwastwofeetwideandfourfeetdeep.Eventhishadnoeffect.Brucewentintoalowgearanddroveataterrifyingspeed,keepingthefrontwheelsastridethecrackashefolloweditszig-zagcourse.Beforewehadtimetoworryaboutwhatmighthappen,wewerebackontheplainagain.Bruceconsultedthemaponcemoreandtoldusthatthevillagewasnowonlyfifteenmilesaway.Ournextobstaclewasashallowpoolofwaterabouthalfamileacross.Brucechargedatit,butinthemiddle,thecarcametoagrindinghalt.Ayellowlightonthedash-boardflashedangrilyandBrucecheerfullyannouncedthattherewasnooilintheengine!

二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

●rough

adj.崎岖不平的●boulder

n.大石块●pit

v.使得坑坑洼洼●perturb

v.使不安●underestimate

v.低估●swerve

v.争转变●scoop

v.挖出●hammer

v.（用锤）击打，锤打●ominously

adv.有预兆的，不祥的●rip

v.划破，撕，扯●petrol

n.汽油●stretchn.一大片（平地或水）●obstacle

n.障碍●clumpn.丛，簇●fissuren.（石、地的）深缝●renew

v.重复●pleading

n.恳求●gear

n.（汽车）排档●astrideprep.骑，跨●crack

n.缝隙●zigzagn.“之”字形●shallow

adj.浅的●grind(ground,ground)

v.磨擦●halt

n.停●dashboard

n.（汽车上的）仪表盘

■roughadj.崎岖不平的Eg:We’dbetternottaketheroughroad.beroughonsb.对某人苛刻，无礼Don’tberoughonyourfriends.cutuprough

发脾气

■bouldern.大石块■pitv.使得坑坑洼洼■perturbv.使不安verpupsetbeperturbedaboutsth为…而心神不安

Histhreatsdidn’tperturbherintheleastdisturb并非用心去扰乱Eg:Itisdisturbingtothinkthatawildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.plague因病痛和类似的折磨而使人苦恼Eg:TheterriblediseaseplaguedhimtroubleEg:Sorrytogiveyoutrouble./Sorrytotroubleyou.worryEg:Heisworriedabouthisson’ssafety.fretEg:Hefretedhimselfallthetimefornewsofher.upsetEg:IfeelupsetnowbecauseIamafraidIhurtyou.dismay使沮丧辨别：perturb;disturb;plague;trouble;worry;fret;upset;dismay

■underestimatev.低估■swervev.争转变■scoopv.挖出Eg:Shesccpedoutsomesugar.makeascoop走运Eg:Thatguymadeascoop.

■hammerv.（用锤）击打，锤打■ominouslyadv.有预兆的，不祥的ominousadj.Eg:Lookatthoseominousblackclouds.omenn.Eg:Thisisagood/badomen.Eg:Thecloudsomenrain.

■ripv.划破，撕，扯tearripone'smaskaway撕下某人的假面具letthingstip==letthingsbe听其自然ripinto

猛攻，抨击ripoff

偷窃ripuptheback

背后说坏话

■petroln.汽油■stretchn.一大片（平地或水）atastretch连续的，一口气的，不停顿的astretchoflandastretchofwaterEg:Heworkedforhoursatastretch.Wedrovefastonastretchofopenfield.Heisunabletoworkforlongstretches.astretchofhill连绵不断的群山vt.Hestretchedouthishandtogettheapple.Thereareforestsstretchingforhundredsofmiles.TransportwasratherstretchedintheSpringFestival.

■obstaclen.障碍Lackofeducationisanobstacletosuccess.constitueanobstacleto构成…的障碍remove/overcomeanobstacle克服困难putobstacleinsb'sway妨碍某人的发展obstacleto介词to

要英语中有好多动词要与介词to搭配：key;answer;shred;advantage;disadvantage;admission;damageto辨别：obstacle;obstruction;hindranceEg:Lakeofeducationisobstacletosuccess.Theremustbeanobstructioninthepipe.Youaremoreofhindrancethanhelp.

■clumpn.丛，簇■fissuren.（石、地的）深缝■renewv.重复■pleadingn.恳求■gearn.（汽车）排档■astrideprep.骑，跨■crackn.缝隙■zigzagn.“之”字形■shallowadj.浅的■grind(ground,ground)v.磨擦grindwheatintoflourgrindsthtopieces把……弄成碎片grindone'steethinanger气得咬牙切齿

■haltn.停==stopTheyhaltforafewminutes.stop;halt;ceaseEg:Theheartwillceasetobeatwhenlifeceases.pausevi.Hepausedforabreath.haltTheyhaltedforafewminutes.halt;cease;pause;stophaltetoahalt/stop停下来

■dashboardn.（汽车上的）仪表盘

三、【课文精析】

getsb.todosth.:persuade/advisesb.todoPleasegetthemtofinishtheworkasquicklyaspossible.Pleasegethimtogiveupsmoking.belitteredwithbepittedwitheventhough:evenif

notintheleast=notatall/notabit/nottheleastbit

一点也不notalittle=verymuch

bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount=atnotimes=undernocircumstances绝不

amere==only（必须和不定冠词搭配）

Itwasnot(tosay)……这并不是说

dustytrack==dustyroad

lookback回头看wondering从句做伴随状况状语Howrelievedwewere

givewayto为……所代替Eg:Thegreatcloudsgraduallybrokeupandgivewaytobluesky.Hehasnointentionofivingwaytoyourdemands.

inresponseto:inreactionto

Keysentence:

Beforewehadtimetoworryaboutwhatmighthappen,wewerebackontheplainagain.

hardly...when...Hehadhardlyhadtimetosettledownwhenhesoldthehouse.Beforehehadhardlyhadtimetoworryaboutwhatmighthappenwhenwewerebackontheplaneagain.

Lesson40Who’swho真假难辨一、【Text】课文

Ithasneverbeenexplainedwhyuniversitystudentsseemtoenjoypracticaljokesmorethananyoneelse.Studentsspecializeinaparticulartypeofpracticaljoke:thehoax.Invitingthefirebrigadetoputoutanonexistentfireisacrudeformofdeceptionwhichnoself-respectingstudentwouldeverindulgein.Studentsoftencreateamusingsituationswhicharefunnytoeveryoneexceptthevictims.Whenastudentrecentlysawtwoworkmenusingapneumaticdrilloutsidehisuniversity,heimmediatelytelephonedthepoliceandinformedthemthattwostudentsdressedupasworkmenweretearinguptheroadwithapneumaticdrill.Assoonashehadhungup,hewentovertotheworkmenandtoldthemthatifapolicemanorderedthemtogoaway,theywerenottotakehimseriously.Headdedthatastudenthaddressedupasapolicemanandwasplayingallsortsofsillyjokesonpeople.Boththepoliceandtheworkmenweregratefultothestudentforthispieceofadvanceinformation.Thestudenthidinanarchwaynearbywherehecouldwatchandheareverythingthatwenton.Sureenough,apolicemanarrivedonthesceneandpolitelyaskedtheworkmentogoaway.Whenhereceivedaveryrudereplyfromoneoftheworkmen,hethreatenedtoremovethembyforce.Theworkmentoldhimtodoashepleasedandthepolicemantelephonedforhelp.Shortlyafterwards,fourmorepolicemenarrivedandremonstratedwiththeworkmen.Asthemenrefusedtostopworking,thepoliceattemptedtoseizethepneumaticdrill.Theworkmenstruggledfiercelyandoneofthemlosthistemper.Hethreatenedtocallthepolice.Atthis,thepolicepointedoutironicallythatthiswouldhardlybenecessaryasthemenwerealreadyunderarrest.Pretendingtospeakseriously,oneoftheworkmenaskedifhemightmakeatelephonecallbeforebeingtakentothestation.Permissionwasgrantedandapolicemanaccompaniedhimtoapayphone.Onlywhenhesawthatthemanwasactuallytelephoningthepolicedidherealizethattheyhadallbeenthevictimsofahoax.

二、【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

●hoax

n.骗局，戏弄●deception

n.欺骗，骗局●self-respecting

adj.自重的●indulge

v.使沉迷●pneumatic

adj.气动的●drill

n.钻●silly

adj.无意义的，无聊的●advance

adj.预先的，事先获得的●archway

n.

拱形门楼●remonstratev.规劝，告诫●ironically

adv.讽刺地●permission

n.许可●grant

v.同意，准予

■hoaxn.骗局，戏弄playahoaxonsb.戏弄某人playatrickonsb.戏弄某人playajokeonsb.开某人玩笑Eg:Theboystudentisthinkinghowtoplayahoaxonhisclassmate.

■deceptionn.欺骗，骗局deception无关紧要的骗局，并不是故意的欺骗Eg:Shereferredtothepillsassweet,sotheharmlessdeceptionmadeiteasyforherchildtotakethem.deceit（故意的）欺骗Eg:Weareincapableofdeceit.fraud对公众的欺骗行为，多指官方的欺骗或财政舞弊trickery欺骗（语气上严厉）,着重有步骤地诡计来谋取私利。Eg:Hehadgainedcontrolofthecompanybytrickery.

■self-respectingadj.自重的■indulgev.使沉迷indulgeoneselfinsth.沉迷于…………==beindulgedinEg:Heindulgedhimselfinsmokinganddrinking.

=Hewasindulgedinsmokinganddrinking.v.纵容Eg:Sheindulgesheronlyson.

■pneumaticadj.气动的■drilln.钻■sillyadj.无意义的，无聊的foolish

强调愚蠢的，笨的，不明智的Eg:Iremonstrated