上海市青浦区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题(解析版)_第1页
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高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1上海市青浦区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末英语试题I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthesentencesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethesentencescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.1.Thetail______(vary)muchinlengthandshapeaccordingtothespecies;sometimesitisroundedattheend,sometimesmoreorlesspointed.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】varies【详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:尾巴的长度和形状因物种而异;有时它的末端是圆形的,有时或多或少是尖的。根据句中的is并结合句意,这里陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时。主语Thetail表示单数,谓语应用单数形式。故填varies。2.Ofallthespeakers,Harrywas______(young)persontospeakatLondonTechWeek,afestivaloftechnologyandstarsofthefuture.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】theyoungest【详析】考查形容词最高级。句意:在所有演讲者中,哈里是在伦敦科技周上发言的最年轻的人,这是一个由科技和未来明星组成的节日。根据句中的Ofallthespeakers可知,这里表示在三者以上中进行比较,应用young的最高级youngest,且最高级前应加定冠词the。故填theyoungest。3.WildcatsaretheUK’srarestnativemammaland______(hunt)toextinctioninmostpartsofBritainfortheirthickhairinthepastdecades.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】havebeenhunted【详析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:野猫是英国最稀有的本土哺乳动物,在过去几十年中,由于其浓密的毛发,在英国大部分地区被猎杀至灭绝。根据句中的时间状语inthepastdecades,这里应用现在完成时。主语为Wildcats,谓语应用复数,且主语和hunt之间是动宾关系,所以应用被动语态。故填havebeenhunted。4.IfI_______(maintain)myhealthfortherestofmylife,Ishouldenjoyalotofhobbies,andthereareseveralhobbiesandintereststhatIshouldregularlyenjoydoing.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】maintained/shouldmaintain/weretomaintain【详析】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我在余生中保持健康,我应该享受很多爱好,还有我应该会经常喜欢做的一些爱好和兴趣。根据主句中的shouldenjoy并分析句子结构,If引导的是非真实条件句,结合从句中的fortherestofmylife可知,这里表示对将来情况的假设,所以从句谓语应用过去式、“should+动词原形”或“wereto+动词原形”的形式。故填maintained/shouldmaintain/weretomaintain。5.Itwassuchacheerfulmomentforuswhenwe_______(set)footontheGreatWallofChina,anextraordinaryman-madewondersnakingitswayacrosshundredsofmilesthroughroughandmountainousarea.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】set【详析】考查动词。句意:当我们踏上中国的长城时,这是一个令人愉快的时刻,这是一个非凡的人造奇迹,蜿蜒数百英里,穿过崎岖不平的山区。分析句子结构可知,set作从句的谓语,根据was可知用一般过去时,set的过去式是set。故填set。6.Hisadviceto_______inhispositionis,“Trytogetthroughit.Youcandoincrediblethings.”(用适当的词填空)【答案】persevering【详析】考查介词搭配。句意:他对坚守岗位的建议是“试着熬过去。你可以做不可思议的事。”根据建议的内容,可以判断他坚守岗位,克服困难,是一种有毅力的表现,这种意思可以使用动词“persevere”来表达。注意横线前的to是个介词,后面接动词需要使用其doing的形式,故答案是persevering。7._______hisdiplomanowinhispossession,Picariellosaysheplanstoframeitsohe’llbeabletoseeiteveryday.(用适当的词填空)【答案】With【详析】考查介词。句意:现在他拿到了毕业证书,Picariello说他打算把它裱起来,这样他就可以每天都看到它了。分析句子结构,逗号前的“_____hisdiplomanowinhispossession”在句中作状语,空后是“名词+介词短语”的形式,所以可知这里是with复合结构,空处应用with,且首字母大写。故填With。8.“Thankyouforlettingmeobserveyourclasses.Itwasanunusualexperience,”theemailbegan,_______gotmyheartracing.(用适当的词填空)【答案】which【详析】考查定语从句。句意:“谢谢你让我旁听你的课。这是一次不寻常的经历,”邮件开头让我心跳加速。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是email,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导,故填which。9.Increasedmuscle_______helpsupportbetterpostureandevenimprovedailyactivitieslikewalkingupstairsorcarryingheavythings.(根据句意填空)【答案】strength【详析】考查名词。句意:增强肌肉力量有助于保持良好的姿势,甚至改善日常活动,如上楼或搬运重物。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中做主语,使用名词,根据下文“helpsupportbetterpostureandevenimprovedailyactivitieslikewalkingupstairsorcarryingheavythings(有助于保持良好的姿势,甚至改善日常活动,如上楼或搬运重物)”可推理出空白处应填表示“力量”含义的名词,表示“力量”含义的名词为:strength,故填strength。10.Everyhealthyphysicalexercisehasimportantparts.Ifyou’renotsure_______tostart,don’tworry.We’llgoovereachoneofthemindetailinthisblogpost.(用适当的词填空)【答案】where【详析】考查疑问词。句意:每一项健康的体育锻炼都有重要的组成部分。如果你不确定从哪里开始,不要担心。我们将在这篇博客文章中详细介绍其中的每一个。分析句子结构,这里是“疑问词+不定式”结构,作宾语。根据前句“Everyhealthyphysicalexercisehasimportantparts.”可知,每一项的体育锻炼都有重要的组成部分,这里指的是从哪里开始,应用疑问副词where。故填where。11.Don’tchooseactivitieslikerunningorliftingweightsatthegymjust_______youthinkthat’swhatyoushoulddo.Instead,pickactivitiesthatfityourlifestyle,abilities,andtaste.(用适当的词填空)【答案】because【详析】考查状语从句。句意:不要仅仅因为你认为跑步或举重这些活动是你应该做的事情就在健身房选择这些活动。相反,选择适合你的生活方式、能力和品味的活动。分析句子结构并结合句意,____youthinkthat’swhatyoushoulddo是原因,所以应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.housesB.approachingC.appearD.talentE.exclusivelyF.loweredG.hidingH.limitsI.dramaticallyJ.naturalK.sensitiveDolphinSensesNewresearchinvolvingtraineddolphinsseemstofurtherprovethattheseanimalscansenseelectricity.The____12____mayallowthemtobetterlockontohiddenfishhuntedanddirectthepath.Theabilitytosenseelectricfieldsisknownaselectroreception(电感受).Allanimalsproduceaweakelectricfield,butelectroreceptionhasalmost____13____beenfoundinwatercreatures.Aboutadecadeago,scientistspublishedresearchsuggestingthatsomedolphinshavepassiveelectroreception.Andin2021,researchersinGermanyreleasedtheirownstudyfindingthatdolphinslikelyhaveit,too.Thisnewresearchisafollow-uptothatlatterstudybythesameteam—oneintendedtobetterdescribethe____14____ofelectroreceptioninbottlenosedolphins.TheresearchersteamedupwithscientistsfromtheNurembergZoo,whichcurrently____15____sixdolphins.TheyspecificallyworkedwithtwobottlenosedolphinsnamedDonnaandDolly.Theyfirsttrainedthemtoresttheirjawsonametalbarinthewater,andthentorespondtoanelectricfield____16____thembyswimmingawaywithinfiveseconds.Theythengradually____17____thestrengthofthisfieldtotestthedolphins’sensitivity.Thefindingsfurtherprovethatbottlenosedolphinscanindeedsenseelectricity,butsuggestthatsomedolphinsarebetteratitthanothers.Donna,forinstance,wasabitmore____18____andabletorespondcorrectlytoaweakerfieldthanDolly.Theelectroreceptionfoundindolphinsdoesn’t____19____tobeasstrongasitisinthetypicalshark,butit’sprobablystillusefulenoughforthemtofindfish____20____underneathsand,stonesormudwithinafewcentimetersaway.Otherstudieshavesuggestedthatdolphinsalsopossessasensethatactsasasortof_____21_____GPSforthem.Sothesedolphins’electroreceptionmightprovideanexplanationforthatabilityaswell,Huttnersaid.【答案】12.D13.E14.H15.A16.B17.F18.K19.C20.G21.J【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明海豚能够感知电,这种天赋可以让它们更好地锁定隐藏的鱼类并指引路径。【12题详析】考查名词。句意:这种天赋可以让它们更好地锁定被猎杀的隐藏鱼类并指引路径。空前有The,空处应用名词作主语。根据上文中的“theseanimalscansenseelectricity”可知,海豚能够感知电,这是一种天赋。talent意为“天赋”。名词做主语。故选D。【13题详析】考查副词。句意:所有动物都会产生微弱的电场,但电接收几乎只在水生生物中发现。空处应用副词修饰谓语。but前后表示转折,前面“Allanimalsproduceaweakelectricfield”说所有动物都会产生微弱的电场,所以这里应说的是几乎只有水生生物有电接受的能力。exclusively意为“只能,仅仅”副词作状语。故选E。【14题详析】考查名词。句意:这项新研究是同一团队对后一项研究的后续研究,旨在更好地描述宽吻海豚的电接收极限。根据空前的the可知,空处应用名词作宾语。根据下文中的“Theyfirsttrainedthemtoresttheirjawsonametalbarinthewater,andthentorespondtoanelectricfield________thembyswimmingawaywithinfiveseconds.Theythengradually________thestrengthofthisfieldtotestthedolphins’sensitivity.(他们首先训练它们将下巴放在水中的金属棒上,然后在五秒内游泳离开,以应对……它们的电场。然后,他们逐渐……这片电场的强度,以测试海豚的敏感性。)”可知,他们做实验是为了弄清楚宽吻海豚的电接收极限。limit意为“极限”,limits是其复数。故选H。【15题详析】考查动词。句意:研究人员与纽伦堡动物园的科学家合作,该动物园目前有六只海豚。空处作从句的谓语,应用动词。根据空后的“sixdolphins”可知,这里表示该动物园有六只海豚。house意为“收藏,让……居住”,为及物动词,houses是其第三人称单数形式。故选A。【16题详析】考查动词。句意:他们首先训练它们将下巴放在水中的金属棒上,然后在五秒内游泳离开,以应对接近它们的电场。空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰anelectricfield,根据空后的“thembyswimmingawaywithinfiveseconds”可知,这里表示通过在五秒内游泳离开来应对接近的电场,approach意为“靠近,接近”,approaching是其现在分词形式,和逻辑主语anelectricfield是主谓关系,符合题意。故选B。【17题详析】考查动词。句意:然后,他们逐渐降低这片电场的强度,以测试海豚的敏感性。空处作句子的谓语,应用动词。根据下文中的“abletorespondcorrectlytoaweakerfieldthanDolly”可知,这里表示降低电场的强度。lower意为“降低”,为及物动词,lowered是其过去式。符合题意。故选F。【18题详析】考查形容词。句意:例如,与Dolly相比,Donna更敏感,能够对较弱的磁场做出正确的反应。空处应用形容词作表语。根据上文中的“testthedolphins’sensitivity”可知,这里表示Donna比Dolly更敏感。sensitive意为“敏感的”。故选K。【19题详析】考查动词。句意:在海豚身上发现的电接收似乎没有在典型的鲨鱼身上那么强,但它可能仍然足够有用,可以让它们在几厘米外的沙子、石头或泥土下找到隐藏的鱼。根据空前的doesn’t可知,空处应用动词原形。根据空后的“tobe...”和句中的“butit’sprobablystillusefulenoughforthemtofindfish”可知,这里表示虽然海豚的电接收似乎没有鲨鱼身上的那么强,但也足够有用了,appear意为“显得,似乎”。故选C。【20题详析】考查动词。句意参考上题。空处应用非谓语动词,作定语修饰fish。根据上文中的“betterlockontohiddenfish”和空后的“underneathsand,stonesormudwithinafewcentimetersaway”可知,这里表示藏在几厘米外的沙子、石头或泥土下的鱼,hide意为“隐藏”,hiding是其现在分词形式,和逻辑主语fish之间是主谓关系,符合题意。故选G。【21题详析】考查形容词。句意:其他研究表明,海豚也有一种感觉,对它们来说,这充当一种天然的GPS。空处应用形容词作定语。根据句中的“possessasense”和空后的“GPSforthem”可知,海豚拥有的这种感觉可以充当天然的GPS。natural意为“自然的,天然的”。故选J。Ⅱ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.It’sreallyeasytofeelallaloneinlife,especiallywhengoingthroughhardship.Butsometimesthebestthingwecandoistoallowourselvestoaskfor____22____,likeErindid.ErinworkedataMcDonald’sinMichigan.Butherpaywasn’tenoughtocoverrentandsheandhertwingirlsendedup____23____.Shewantedtosleepinhercarwhichwas____24____rightoutsideofthegirls’school.However,shewasn’tsurewhetherwhatshewasdoingwas____25____.So,sheaskedpoliceofficerHeatherKolkeiftheycouldstaythere.Buttheconversationdidn’tstopthere.Heather,alsoamom,knewshehadto____26____.SheandherfellowofficersfoundErinandherdaughtersatemporaryplacetostayin.Thatwasn’tallthough,theyevengotheran____27____andwentwithhertooffermoralsupport.Luckily,Eringotthatjob.HeatheralsoplannedabirthdaypartyforErin’sdaughters,withlocalbusinesses____28____balloons,cake,andpizza.Thewholecommunityultimatelygot____29____,raising$2,300incash,aswellasclothesforthekids,itemsfortheirnew____30____,giftcardstohelpthemmakeendsmeet.“Itreallywarmsmyhearttoknowthattherearepeopleouttherewho_____31_____.Itisareminderthattherearegoodpeopleintheworld,”sharedErin.22.A.help B.forgiveness C.permission D.leave23.A.desperate B.fruitless C.homeless D.disappointed24.A.repaired B.seen C.abandoned D.parked25.A.worthwhile B.legal C.wise D.useful26.A.setout B.walkby C.stepin D.lookforward27.A.interview B.innovation C.award D.arrangement28.A.producing B.decorating C.designing D.donating29.A.paid B.involved C.elected D.cleaned30.A.car B.school C.office D.home31.A.remain B.insist C.care D.share【答案】22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了Erin和两个女儿在沦落到无家可归后受到了警察和社区的帮助。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:但有时候我们能做的最好的事情就是允许自己寻求帮助,就像Erin做的那样。A.help帮助;B.forgiveness宽恕;C.permission允许;D.leave休假。根据句中的“likeErindid”并结合后文Erin接受大家的帮助可知,这里是说有时候我们要允许自己寻求帮助。故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但她的工资不足以支付房租,她和她的双胞胎女儿最终无家可归。A.desperate绝望的,不顾一切的;B.fruitless没有成果的,无成效的;C.homeless无家可归的;D.disappointed失望的。根据句中的“herpaywasn’tenoughtocoverrent”及下文中的“Shewantedtosleepinhercar”可知,她支付不起房租,最终她和女儿们变得无家可归。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她想睡在她的车里,车就停在女儿学校外面。A.repaired修理;B.seen看见;C.abandoned遗弃;D.parked停车。根据空后的“rightoutsideofthegirls’school”可知,她的车停在女儿学校外面。故选D。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:然而,她不确定自己所做的是否合法。A.worthwhile值得做的;B.legal合法的;C.wise明智的;D.useful有用的。根据下文中的“sheaskedpoliceofficerHeatherKolkeiftheycouldstaythere”可知,她询问警察自己是否能够睡在自己车里,由此可知,她不确定这样做是否合法。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:Heather也是一位母亲,她知道自己必须介入。A.setout动身;B.walkby经过;C.stepin介入,插手;D.lookforward期待。根据下文中的“SheandherfellowofficersfoundErinandherdaughtersatemporaryplacetostayin.Thatwasn’tallthough,theyevengotheran________andwentwithhertooffermoralsupport.(她和她的同事们为Erin和她的女儿们找到了一个临时住处。不过那并不是全部,他们甚至给她找了一个……,并和她一起去以便给她提供精神支持。)”可知,Heather帮助Erin找住所,并给她提供精神支持,由此可知,她主动介入到这件事中。故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:不过那还不是全部,他们甚至为她安排了一次面试,并与她一起去以便给她提供精神上的支持。A.interview面试;B.innovation创新;C.award奖励;D.arrangement安排。根据下文中的“Eringotthatjob”可知,警察们为Erin提供了一次面试机会。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Heather还为Erin的女儿们策划了一个生日派对,当地的企业捐赠了气球、蛋糕和披萨。A.producing生产;B.decorating装饰;C.designing设计;D.donating捐赠。根据上文Erin一家沦落到无家可归的地步和下文中的“Thewholecommunityultimatelygot________,raising$2,300incash,aswellasclothesforthekids,itemsfortheirnew________,giftcardstohelpthemmakeendsmeet.(整个社区最终……,筹集了2300美元现金,以及孩子们的衣服、给她们新……的物品和帮助她们维持生计的礼品卡。)”可知,Erin一家生计艰难,所以Heather为Erin的女儿们策划生日派对的时候,当地企业为派对捐赠了气球、蛋糕和披萨。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:整个社区最终都参与进来,筹集了2300美元的现金,以及孩子们的衣服、她们新家的物品、帮助她们维持生计的礼品卡。A.paid支付,付费;B.involved加入;C.elected选举;D.cleaned打扫。根据句中的“raising$2,300incash,aswellasclothesforthekids,itemsfortheirnew________,giftcardstohelpthemmakeendsmeet”可知,整个社区都参与到帮助Erin一家的行动中。故选B。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.car汽车;B.school学校;C.office办公室;D.home家。根据上文中的“SheandherfellowofficersfoundErinandherdaughtersatemporaryplacetostayin.(她和她的同事们为Erin和她的女儿们找到了一个临时住处。)”可知,Erin一家找到了新的住所,所以这里是说邻居们为她们捐了新家所需的物品。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:知道外面有人关心我,我真的很暖心。A.remain保持;B.insist坚持;C.care关心;D.share分享。根据句中的“warmsmyheart”和下文中的“therearegoodpeopleintheworld”并结合上文警察和社区对Erin一家的帮助可知,世界上有善良的好人会关心他人。故选C。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhenIfirstmovedawayfromhometostudy,Istartedoutlivinginstudenthousing.Weallhadourownrooms,buteveryfloorsharedakitchenandacommonroom.Therewasnosupervisionfromfamilymembers,andwewereexpectedtotakecareofourselves.Ihadaneighborwhohad,likemostofus,justmovedawayfromhome.Itwashisfirsttimeonhisown,andhefeltunhappy.WehadtoteachthispoorboyEVERYTHING.Itstartedwiththemysteryofwhytheplatesinthecupboardwerealwaysgreasy(有油渍的).Itturnedoutthattheboydidn’tknowhehadtousehotwatertowashthedishes;hejustwashedthemincoldwaterandputthemback.Hespentthefirstsixmonthscomplainingabouthowhewasalwaysrunningoutofmoney.Thiswasbecausehedidn’tknowhowtocook.Therestofuslivedontheusualstudentdietandtreatedourselvestoapizzaonweekends.However,hegotfastfoodeverysingleday.Icouldfeedmyselfforamonthonhisweeklymealbudget.Moreover,hehadnoideahowtowashclotheswithawashingmachine.Ihadtotakehimshoppingforlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)firstbecausehedidn’tknowwhatitwas.Hethoughthecouldjustputordinarysoapinthewashingmachine.Tohiscredit,theboywasverygratefulforthehelpandverydepressedthatnoonehadtaughthimhowtodoallthesethingsbeforehemovedout.Oneday,theboy’smothercametovisit.Hehappilyintroducedallofustohismother.Afterwegraduated,Iwasinvitedtohiswedding.Heintroducedmetohisnewwifeas“theonewhotaughtmehowtobeaman”.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“supervision”inparagraph1mean?A.Difference. B.Guidance. C.Escape. D.Hope.33.Whatcanwelearnabouttheboy?A.Helackedcommonsenseinhousework. B.Hegotmarriedtotheauthor.C.Healwayswasheddishesinhotwater. D.Hedidn’tgetalongwellwithhismother.34.Whydidtheboyalwayshavemoneyproblems?A.Heoftencookedexpensivemeals. B.Heboughthimselfapizzaeverymonth.C.Hetreatedhisneighborsonweekends. D.Hedidn’tknowhowtospendreasonably.35.Whichwordbestdescribestherelationshipbetweentheboyandtheauthor?A.Worrying. B.Poor. C.Close. D.Disappointing.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在学生公寓居住时,遇到了一个没什么生活常识的男孩,作者帮助了他,两人成为了朋友。【32题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“WhenIfirstmovedawayfromhometostudy,Istartedoutlivinginstudenthousing.(当我第一次离开家去学习的时候,我开始住在学生公寓里)”以及后文“andwewereexpectedtotakecareofourselves(我们被要求照顾好自己)”可知,作者住在学生公寓,没有家庭成员的指导,因此需要自己照顾自己。故画线词的意思和Guidance最接近。故选B。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“WehadtoteachthispoorboyEVERYTHING.Itstartedwiththemysteryofwhytheplatesinthecupboardwerealwaysgreasy(有油渍的).Itturnedoutthattheboydidn’tknowhehadtousehotwatertowashthedishes;hejustwashedthemincoldwaterandputthemback.(我们必须教会这个可怜的孩子一切。事情开始于橱柜里的盘子为什么总是油腻的谜团。原来这个男孩不知道他必须用热水洗碗;他只是用冷水洗了洗,然后放回去)”以及第三段“Moreover,hehadnoideahowtowashclotheswithawashingmachine.Ihadtotakehimshoppingforlaundrydetergent(洗衣粉)firstbecausehedidn’tknowwhatitwas.Hethoughthecouldjustputordinarysoapinthewashingmachine.(此外,他不知道如何用洗衣机洗衣服。我不得不先带他去买洗衣粉,因为他不知道那是什么。他认为他可以把普通的肥皂放在洗衣机里)”可知,这个男孩缺乏做家务的常识。故选A。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,hegotfastfoodeverysingleday.Icouldfeedmyselfforamonthonhisweeklymealbudget.(然而,他每天都吃快餐。靠他每周的伙食预算,我可以养活自己一个月)”可推断,这个男孩不会理性消费。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Tohiscredit,theboywasverygratefulforthehelpandverydepressedthatnoonehadtaughthimhowtodoallthesethingsbeforehemovedout.(值得赞扬的是,这个男孩非常感激别人的帮助,但他很沮丧,因为在他搬出去之前没有人教他怎么做这些事情)”以及最后一段“Oneday,theboy’smothercametovisit.Hehappilyintroducedallofustohismother,Afterwegraduated,Iwasinvitedtohiswedding.Heintroducedmetohisnewwifeas“theonewhotaughtmehowtobeaman”.(一天,男孩的妈妈来看他。他很高兴地把我们大家介绍给他的母亲。毕业后,我被邀请参加他的婚礼。他把我介绍给他的新婚妻子,说她是“教会我如何做人的人”)”可推断,男孩和作者的关系很亲密。故选C。(B)TheMaldivesguaranteesthewhitestsandbeachesandanunforgettableunderwaterworld.Hereareplacesthatyoucanvisithere.PatinsMaldives,FariIslandsTheFariIslandssitinthenortheastoftheNorthMaleAtoll,a45-minutespeedboatrideora15-minuteseaplaneflightfromElanaInternationalAirport.Unlikemostoftheotherplacesonthislist,Patinarecentlyopenedsoyoucancheckinrightnowifyou’reinneedofanurgentescape.Avani+FaresMaldivesResortJusta30-minuteseaplaneridefromVelanaInternationalAirport,theAvani+FaresMaldivesResortsitsonanislandsurroundedbyalagooninthewestoftheresort.Uniqueandremarkablebiodiversitycanbefoundinitscoralreefs,seagrassbedsandmangroves.Watchoutforhawksbillturtles,raysandfriendlyreefsharks.VillaHavenIfyou’readeep-seadiver,thisplacewillprovidealuxuriousbaseasyouexploretheresort’smanyexperiences.Theirbotanicalgardensproducecoconuts,tropicalfruits,vegetablesandherbsthatwillallbeservedupinVillaHaven’srestaurants,whilesustainablelocalmaterialsarealsobeingusedintheconstructionoftheresort.ConradMaldivesRangaliThetwin-islandpropertyboastssomefirstsincludingtheworld’sfirsteverundersearestaurantandfirstunderwaterbedroom.Tomarktheresort’sanniversary,50over-watervillashavebeenrevitalized,ashavethreerestaurantsandbars.Brandnewadditionsincludeanadults-onlygym,MajaaExplorersHubandrestaurantsandtheFuraavaruTeensClub.36.WhichoneismostlikelytogotoPatinaMaldives,FariIslandsfortravelling?A.Lily,astudentmajoringinmarinebiology.B.Justine,acookdesigningamenuofseafood.C.Tom,anoverseasstudentonatightschedule.D.Alice,aretiredprofessorlookingforrelaxation.37.WhatcanyoudoinVillaHaven?A.Havedinnerintheundersearestaurant. B.Admirethebotanicalgardens.C.Goonaspeedboattour. D.Workoutinthegym.38.Ifyouareinterestedinseaanimalsliketurtles,whichplacecanyouvisit?A.VillaHaven. B.ConradMaldivesRangali.C.PatinaMaldives,FariIslands. D.Avani+FaresMaldivesResort.39.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.TheFariIslandsarea15-minuteseaplaneflightfromthemainland.B.ConradMaldivesRangaliisequippedwiththeundersearestaurant.C.ThetropicalfishshopandordinarydivingcenterareaccessibleinVillaHaven.D.SustainablematerialsareusedinthebuildingofAvani+FaresMaldivesResort.【答案】36.C37.B38.D39.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了马尔代夫的四个度假胜地。【36题详析】推理判断题。根据“PatinsMaldives,FariIslands”下面的“Unlikemostoftheotherplacesonthislist,Patinarecentlyopenedsoyoucancheckinrightnowifyou’reinneedofanurgentescape.(与这份清单上的大多数其他地方不同,Patina最近开业,所以如果你需要紧急逃离,你可以立即办理入住手续。)”可知,Patina适合那些想要紧急逃离现实生活的游客,可以立即办理入住手续,由此可推测出,汤姆是一名日程紧的留学生,最适合参观这里。故选C。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据“VillaHaven”下面的“Theirbotanicalgardensproducecoconuts,tropicalfruits,vegetablesandherbsthatwillallbeservedupinVillaHaven’srestaurants(他们的植物园生产椰子、热带水果、蔬菜和草药,这些都将在VillaHaven的餐厅供应)”可知,可以在VillaHaven欣赏植物园。故选B。【38题详析】细节理解题。根据“Avani+FaresMaldivesResort”下面的“Uniqueandremarkablebiodiversitycanbefoundinitscoralreefs,seagrassbedsandmangroves.Watchoutforhawksbillturtles,raysandfriendlyreefsharks.(在珊瑚礁、海草床和红树林中可以发现独特而显著的生物多样性。要小心鹰嘴龟、鳐鱼和友好的礁鲨。)”可知,如果你对海洋动物感兴趣,你可以参观Avani+FaresMaldivesResort。故选D。【39题详析】细节理解题。根据“ConradMaldivesRangali”下面的“Thetwin-islandpropertyboastssomefirstsincludingtheworld’sfirsteverundersearestaurantandfirstunderwaterbedroom.(这处双子岛房产拥有一些第一,包括世界上第一家海底餐厅和第一间水下卧室。)”可知,ConradMaldivesRangali拥有水下餐厅。故选B。(C)Ridingthebustoschoolcouldbekeepingsomekidsoutofclass.Mostschoolbusesrunonfuel.Thosebusessendoutpollution,includingtinyparticlesandgases.Busridersgetexposedtohighlevelsofthispollution.Whenbreathedin,itcanleadtobreathingproblems,suchasasthma(哮喘),whichmaykeepkidshomefromschool.Butreplacingtheworst-pollutingbusesshouldcutdownonstudentabsences,anewstudyshows.ThestudyfocusedonschoolsthatwereaskedtotakepartinaU.S.governmentprogram.Theprogramofferedschoolscashbackformoneyspentoncleanerschoolbuses.The2,816schooldistrictsinthenewstudyallaskedforthemoney.Butnotallgotit.Only383werepickedtoreceivefunding.Winningdistrictscouldbuynewbusesanddesertoldones.Theprogramstartedin2012.From2012to2017,thewinningdistrictsverylikelyhadlessbuspollution.Andayearaftergettingnewbuses,studentattendancehadimprovedinthosedistricts.Foranaveragedistrictof10,000students,aboutsixmorestudentsattendedschooleachdayinthewinningdistricts.Districtsthatreplacedtheoldestbuseshadanaverageof45morestudentsinschooleachday.Thosenumbersmaysoundsmall,buttheycanaddup,saysMeredithPedde,anenvironmentalepidemiologist(流行病学家).Almost3millionU.S.kidsrideschoolbusesmorethan20yearsold,herteamfigures.Replacingallofthoseoldbusescouldmean1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear,thedatasuggest.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.NowtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)hasanewprogramforschoolbuses.It’soffering$5billionthrough2026toreplaceoldfuelbuseswithcleanerones.AlmostallU.S.schooldistrictscanapplyforthenewrebates.Butschoolsinlow-incomeareasandinruralareaswillgetpriority.Kidsintheseareastendtofacethemosthealthrisksfromoldbuses,EPAnotes.Andanythingthatcutsairpollution,Peddesays,shouldimprovestudenthealth.40.Whatistheprimaryreasonwhyridingthebustoschoolmightleadtostudentabsences?A.Seriousfuelshortageforschoolbuses.B.Lackofavailableseatsonschoolbuses.C.Highriskofdiseasespreadinginabus.D.Highlevelsofpollutionfromschoolbuses.41.WhatdoesMeredithPeddesuggestabouttheimpactofreplacingoldbuses?A.Itincreaseshealthrisksforstudents.B.Itisacostlyandineffectivemeasure.C.Ithelpstoimprovestudentattendances.D.Ithasnosignificanteffectonabsences.42.Whatdoestheunderlineword“rebates”inParagraph5probablyreferto?A.Financialaids.B.Schoolposts.C.Healthbenefits.D.Publicresources.43.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todescribethepotentialriskofschoolbuses.B.Totalkabouttheuseofcleanerschoolbuses.C.Todiscusstheimportanceofdecreasingabsence.D.Tocallonthegovernmenttoimproveschoolbuses.【答案】40.D41.C42.A43.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了燃油校车因为污染问题,影响学生的健康,从而降低去学校的出勤率。但一项新的研究表明,更换污染最严重的校车应该会减少学生的缺勤。【40题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Busridersgetexposedtohighlevelsofthispollution.Whenbreathedin,itcanleadtobreathingproblems,suchasasthma(哮喘),whichmaykeepkidshomefromschool.(校车乘客暴露在高水平的这种污染中。当被吸入时,它会导致呼吸问题,比如哮喘,这可能会让孩子们不能上学)”可知,坐校车上学可能导致学生缺课的主要原因是这些校车污染严重,会引发孩子的健康问题。故选D。【41题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Replacingallofthoseoldbusescouldmean1.3millionfewerstudentabsenceseachyear,thedatasuggest.Andschoolattendancemattersforstudentachievement.(更换所有这些旧校车可能意味着每年减少130万学生缺课。出勤率对学生的成绩很重要)”可知,MeredithPedd认为更换旧校车可提高学生的出勤率。故选C。【42题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段划线词前“It’soffering$5billionthrough2026toreplaceoldfuelbuseswithcleanerones.(到2026年,政府将提供50亿美元用更清洁的公交车取代旧的燃油公交车)”后“Butschoolsinlow-incomeareasandinruralareaswillgetpriority.(但低收入地区和农村地区的学校将得到优先考虑)”可知,划线词rebates和“钱”相关,所以指的是Financialaids。故选A。【43题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了更清洁的校车取代旧的燃油校车,去改善学生健康,提高学校出勤率。由此推知,这篇文章的目的是谈论使用更清洁的校车。故选B。Ⅲ.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.44.下个月起,他开始负责乐队的管理工作。(takeon)(汉译英)______________________________________________________________【答案】Fromnextmonth,hewilltakeontheresponsibilityofmanagingtheband.【详析】考查动词短语和时态。“从下个月起”可以翻译为“fromnextmonth”,在句中作时间状语。主语为he,takeon为动词短语,意为“承担,接受(尤指艰巨工作或重大责任)”,在句中作谓语动词,根据时间状语fromnextmonth可知本句为一般将来时态。“负责乐队的管理工作”可以翻译为“takeontheresponsibilityofmanagingtheband”。故翻译为Fromthismonth,hewilltakeontheresponsibility

ofmanagingtheband.45.科学探索和自然栖息地的消亡是如何影响南极洲(Antarctica)的?(affect)(汉译英)______________________________________________________________【答案】HowdoscientificexplorationandtheextinctionofnaturalhabitatsaffectAntarctica?【详析】考查特殊疑问句、动词、形容词和名词。分析句子结构,本句应为how引出的特殊疑问句,其结构为:How+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语+其他?根据句中的“科学探索和自然栖息地的消亡”和“影响”可知。这里应用助动词do。“科学”可表示为scientific,为形容词作定语;“探索”可表示为exploration,为不可数名词;“自然”可表示为natural,为形容词作定语;“栖息地”可表示为habit,为可数名词,这里应用复数;“消亡”可表示为extinction,为不可数名词;“影响”可表示为affect。本句可翻译为:HowdoscientificexplorationandtheextinctionofnaturalhabitatsaffectAntarctica?46.他演讲中的一些与气候有关的话语让听众感到惊奇。(which)(汉译英)______________________________________________________________【答案】Somewordsinhisspeech,whichwererelatedtoclimate,surprisedtheaudience.【详析】考查定语从句、固定搭配和时态。“他演讲中”可表示为inhisspeech;“一些话语”可表示为somewords;“与……有关”可表示为berelatedto;“气候”可表示为climate;“让……感到惊奇”可表示为surprise;“听众”可表示为theaudience。分析句子结构,“一些与气候有关的”修饰“一些话语”,可用which引导的非限制性定语从句表示。根据句意,这里表示的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为:Somewordsinhisspeech,whichwererelatedtoclimate,surprisedtheaudi

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