2021-2022学年陕西省西安市鄠邑某中学高三（上）第三次月考英语试卷（附详解）

2021.2022学年陕西省西安市鄂邑二中高三（上）第三

次月考英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Willyoucrazyaboutthesenewly-builtproductsthatarenotmerelyquiteusefulbutalso

goodtotheenvironment?Comeandseethen!

Eco-friendlyUmbre.la

Traditionalumbrellacomewithafixedsurface.Althoughitischangeable,youcannot

replaceiteasily.Thiseco-fricndlydesignismoreflcxible.ltisactuallyonlyanumbrella

skeletonwithoutanysurface,whichcanbefolded,soyoucanputanythingsuchas

newspapers,plasticbagsorwhateveryouwanttoserveastheprotectingsurface.

Pollution-sensitiveDress

Don'tbecaughtoutsideunawareofpollutionlevelsintheair.Thepollution-sensitiveEPA

DressbyStephanieSandstromnoticespollutionintheairaccordingly.Thisdress—which

isactuallyquitepretty-lookslikeyoupullitfromthebottomofthedirtylaundrypile

whentheairisdirty.1（mightprotectyourhealthbyadvisingyoutostayindoorsforthe

day,butitwon'tdoyouanyfavorifyou'remeetingwithclients.

Eco-friendlyCarRacer

Canyouimageacarracerissoeco-friendlythatitstyresaremadefrompotatoes,itsbody

iscreatedfromhemp（大麻）andrapeseedoilanditrunsonfuelmadefromwhealand

sugarbeet?TheonesealerracingcarcalledEcoOneisbuiltbyexpertsfromWarwick

University,whohopethatEcoOnewillbeadoptedbytheautomotiveindustry.ltissoldat

$51,000.

Eco-friendlyMoss（苔群）Carpet

Doyouknowitissaidthatwalkingonfreshgrasscanreallyincreasesyourblood

circulation?TheMossCarpet,createdbyNguyenLaChanh,looksatgettingthegrassto

yourfcct.Thematincludesballmoss,islandmossandforestnioss.Thchumidity（湿度）

ofthebathroomensuresthatitgrowswell.Andthat'swhyyouneedtoplaceitthereand

notanywhereelse.

1.TheEPADressisdesignedto.

A.discouragepeoplefromgoingout

B.helpmeetwithclients

C.improvepeople'sappearance

D.informpeopleofairquality

2.WhatcanweknowaboutEcoOne?

A.Itcanseatonepassengerandonedriver.

B.Itcan'tbeaffordedbythepublicatpresent.

C.Itismainlymadefromsomekindsofplants.

D.Itwilltaketheplaceofthetraditionalcarindustry.

3.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?

A.Asciencereport.B.Apersonalblog.

C.Ahealthreport.D.Anofficialdocument.

B

Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes?Overonebillionyoungpeopleareatrisk

ofhearinglossbecauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.Listening(o

musicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumesisharmfultoyourhearing.

TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.ltisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatare

louder(han85decibels(dB)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofa

busyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.

Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinnerears.Mostofusarebornwithabout16,000haircells

inourinnerears.HoweverJisteningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecells

worktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.

Somepeoplemightthinkthat(heirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhere

youare.Forexample.ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyour

musictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeina

quietplace,youmightfeeluncomfortable.

TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaidthe"safelevel"formostsoundsisbelow8()dBfor

upto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisroughlyequal(othenoiseofasubway.

4.Manyyoungpeopleareatriskofhearinglossbecausethey.

A.watchTVeveryday

B.listentoloudnoiseinthesubway

笫2页，共22页

C.listentoloudnoiseforalongtime

D.listentomusiceveryday

5.Thesoundlevelofarockconcertisabout.

A.80dBB.HOdBC.85dBD.100dB

6.Whatisloudnoiseharmfulto?

A.Theeyes.B.Theheart.

C.Thebrain.D.Theinnerears.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.LoudNoiseIsHarmfultoHearing

B.KeeptheLoudVolumes

C.LoudNoiseStopsEarsfromWorking

D.TheRiskofListeningtoMusic

c

Duringthesummerholiday,somestudentsmighthavebeenbusywithtraveling,summer

campsandallkindsofcourses.ButaspecialgroupofChinesemiddleschoolstudents

decidedtotastethehardshipoflifeoutsideschool.

Twelvestudentsinabigcitysoldvegetablesatalocalmarkettogelher.Within12

days,theymademorethan1,500yuan.Amongthem,theoldestis21yearsold,whilethe

youngestisjustlO.Theyareallcousinsinabigfamilyandeightofthemarefromrural

areas.

"Comparedtotraveling,suchsocialpracticeconnectsusandmakesuslearnhowtough

ourparentsare,"saidDalin,18,totheCityMorningPost.Dalin,aseniorhighgraduate,and

her12-year-oklbrotherXiaolincameupwiththeidea.

Theylearnedtoworkhardtoselltheirveggies.Everymorningtheyhadtowakeupat3

oclock.Someofthemwenttothefarmer'smarkettobuyvegetables.Someofthemwentto

thelocalmarkettotakeupatemporarystalLTolowerthecost,theylearnedtobargainwith

thesellers.

Atabout6：30am,theybegantosellvegetables.Theypeddledloudlytoattract

customers.Afterseveraldaysjheygotsomeexperience,loo.

Forexamplejtwasbettertoputvegetablesinorderandbiggeronesontop.Whenthe

vegetablesaretooheavy,theyshouldgivecustomersanextraplasticbag.Whenthey

finallypackedupandwenthome,theyhadasmallmeeting.Everyonetooknotesand

shared（heirfeelings.

"Wearetired,"saidDalin."butwegainedalot".

8.Inthewriter'sopinion.the12students'actionwas.

A.popularB.encouragingC.strangeD.embarrassing

9.Thecousinsdecidedtosellvegetablesatamarketto.

A.showhowabletheywere

B.havelesshardshipoflife

C.preparefortheirfuturetraveling

D.leamhowhardtheirparentswork

10.Theybargainedwiththesellersto.

A.cutdownthecostB.sharetheirfeelings

C.getbiggervegetablesD.attractmorecustomers

11.Thebesttileofthestoryshouldbe.

A.SummerCoursesB.FamilyBusiness

C.StudentsLeamfromBargainsD.CousinsWorkwithVegetables

D

"Youarewhatyoueat."Whenpeoplesaythat.theymeanahealthydietcanimproveyour

health.Buttheoppositeisalsotrue.

Ifyouarebetweentheagesof10and19,eatingloomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbody

andyourbrain.Junkfoodshapesteenbrainsinwaysthatimpairtheirabilitytothink,learn

andremember.ltcanalsomakeithardertocontrolimpulsive（冲动的）behaviors.

Reicheltisabrainandnutritionspecialist（专家）atCanada'sWesternUniversity.Sheis

apartofagroupofscientistsaround（heworldwhohavebeenstudyingwhyjunkfoods

harmtheteenagers.Sheandtwootherresearchersreviewedmorethan100

studies,includingherown,abouthowpoorfoodchoicescanimpactteenbrains.They

describedwhattheylearnedintheMayissueofTheLancetChildandTeenageHealth.

Teenbrainsarcnotyetfullydevelopedisoneoftheproblemsthatjunkfoodcaninfluence

them.Andthatactuallyleadstothreeproblem.Firstistheteenabilitytojudgerisksand

controlactions.Second,leenbrainsgetmorepleasurethanadultbraindofromrewarding

behaviors.Thirdjeenbrainscanbemoreeasilyinfluencedbytheirenvironment.Thiscan

includeanystresstheyarefeelings,anyloneliness,anxietyoranger.Theycanalsobe

笫4页，共22页

influencedbydiet.Together,theseallcancombinetomakejunkfoodbothhardtoresist

(抵抗)andextrabadforteenhealth.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impair"inparagraph2mean?

A.Help.B.Harm.C.Change.D.Improve.

13.WhatcanweknowaboutReichelt?

A.SheworksforauniversityintheUK.

B.Sheistheonlyscientiststudyingthebrain.

C.Shereviewedmanystudiesofothersandhers.

D.SheisaneditorforTheLancetChildandTeenageHealth..

14.Whyareleenbraineasilyinfluencedbyjunkfood?

A.Becausetheyarenotfullydeveloped.

B.Becausetheyarcinapoorenvironment.

C.Becauseteenagerseatmuchmorejunkfood.

D.Becauseteenagersoftenfeellonely.

15.Whichpartofanewspaperisthetextprobablyfrom?

A.Health.B.Society.C.Lifestyle.D.Environment.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Socialeventscanbefrighteningforawomanbecausetheyusuallyinvolvehuge

crowds.Somemanagetobecomethelifeofthepartylikeanatural.(1).Fortunatelyjhere

areways(hatcanhelpyoubecome(hecentreofatlenlionduringanyevent.

(2).Peoplealwaystrytolooktheirbestatsocialgatherings.Therefore.youshouldspend

timedealingwithyourhairandfacebeforehand.Besides,abeautifulandcomfortabledress

willhelpimproveyourconfidenceaheadoftheparty.Forevents,ladiesmustalwaysprefer

heelstoflats.

Beingthelifeofthepartymeansyouhavetoturnheadsassoonasyouentertheroom.⑶，

youshouldcarryyourselfwithconfidence.Starlwalkinglikeabeautyqueenandposelike

amodelwhenyoureach(hehall.Withagrandentrance,you'llbeintheconversationsof

thepartyguests.

Keepyourselfactiveattheparty.Don'tsitinacornerandwaitforpeopletotalktoyou._

(4),youshouldacknowledgethemwithsmilesorhugs.Don'tletthethoughtofbecoming

thelifeofthepartypullyouawayfromhavingafuntimewithyourfriends.

Therewillbefriendlystrangerslookingtostartaconversationwithyouduringiheparty.If

someoneapproachesyouwithkindintentions,youmayactinreturnfortheir

effort.Gettingtoknowotherpeopleinsocialeventswillhelpimproveyourconfidence.,

包

Somepeopleturnouttobethecentreofattention,eveniftheydon'tfollowthesteps

above.Thcimportantthingisthatyou'rehavingfun,whichisbetterthanbecomingthelife

oftheparty.

A.Picktheperfectdressforaparty

B.Whenyourecognizesomeoneinsidetheparty

C.Whenyouarewithinstepsawayfromthefrontdoor

D.Beforeyougotoaparty,takeyourtimeinpreparation

E.Whenyoudecideiodosomethingfunandeye-catching

F.Howevenbecautiousofstrangerswhoaretooaggressive

G.Alotofpeopleendupmakingafooloftheinselves.though

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

MyfriendandIwereatarestaurantinBerkeleyforaileveningmeal,whenallofa

sudden,wedecidedtodoasmallactofkindness.Weweretousethe(21)cardtomake

someone'sdayandhopedthatwouldsendmore(22)outintotheworld.

Beingata(23)>wcdecidedtopayforsomeoneclscf24)andseewhatwouldhappen.Wc

bothgot(25)vviththeideaanddecidedtodothat.

笫6页，共22页

Welookedaroundforwhich(26)wcshouldpayfor,andthenchoseone-itseemedlikean

immigrant(移民)familywithafewchildren,(27)tF.eirsnacksatthattime.Icould(28)a

familybondbetweenthemandthattheywerehavinganicetimetogether.Wecalledthe

waitressto(29)thcideatoher.

Weshowedherthesmilecardandtoldherwcwantedtopayforthat(30).Wcmadesure

sheknewthatwewantedtobeanonymous(匿名的).Shewas(31)andgotsuper

excited,sayinghow(32)generosityhasbecomeintheday-to-daycommercial

lifestyle,whichmadeusfurther(33).

Soonafter,weleft-feelingexcitedandgratefultogetanopportunityto(34)smiles.ltis

hardioexplainhowitfeltin(hemomeni,bu(it(35)fel(special—notbecauseIwas"(36)"

someone,butbecauseIfelt(37)tovariouspeoplewhomIdidn'tevenknow-thewaitress

andthefamily.

Idon'tknowwhat(38)next,hovvthefamilyfeltand(39)orhowthewaitressexperiencedthe

situation—(40)1amsureitbroughtafewsmilestoafewpeople,includingmyself.

21.A.birthdayB.appointmentC.invitationD.smile

22.A.confidenceB.loveC.wisdomD.truth

23.A.restaurantB.hospitalC.hotelD.club

24.A.inadditionB.inreturnC.insecretD.inperson

25.A.excitedB.puzzledC.confusedD.ashamed

26.A.shopB.counterC.tableD.department

27.A.preparingB.enjoyingC.deliveringD.selecting

28.A.ignoreB.strengthenC.formD.sense

29.A.explainB.proveC.announceD.return

30.A.familyB.communityC.waitressD.project

31.A.amusedB.satisfiedC.movedD.shocked

32.A.obviousB.funnyC.rareD.reliable

33.A.ambitiousB.enthusiasticC.aggressiveD.considerate

34.A.exchangeB.hideC.wearD.spread

35.A.partlyB.unlikelyC.normallyD.definitely

36.A.defeatingB.helpingC.admiringD.influencing

37.A.comparedB.connectedC.accustomedD.responded

38.A.workedB.matteredC.happenedD.disappeared

39.A.reactedB.sufferedC.improvedD.communicated

40.A.andB.orC.thenD.but

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.Wcknowthatsmartphoneaddictioncanaffectlivesinnegativeways.A2017University

ofTexasstudyclaimedthatmerely(1)(place)asmartphoneinsomeone'slineofsight

sloweddowntheirproductivityandreducedtheirgrades.An⑵(early)studyfrom

Londonfoundstudentswhodidn'tusesmartphonssawtheirtestscoresincreaseby64

percent.

1(is(3)(extreme)difficulttobreakawayfromsmartphoneaddiction.Somepeoplehave

eventriedpunishing(4)(they)forusing(heirdevices.Novv,anAPPisbeingreleased

(发行)intheUKdiatrewardspeopleforstayingawayfromtheirsmartphones.TheAPP,

calledHold,⑸(create)bythreeNorwegianuniversitystudents,whofoundthatpositive

rewardingwasthemost(6)(effect)wayofconqueringsmartphoneaddiction.Holdallows

studentstocollectpointsforstayingawayfromtheirdevicesbetweenthehoursof7am.

(7)11p.m.；(heygei10pointsfbrevery20minuces.Thepoints(8)(collect)canbeused

fordiscountsoneverythingfromcinematicketstofoodanddrinks.Acinematicket,fbr

example,costs60points,or2hoursawayfromaphone.

Over120,000peopleinNonvav.of(9)40%arecollegestudents,usetheapp.It'snow

available(10)studentsfromover170universitiesintheUK.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

笫8页，共22页

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

ThereisalwaysanoldwomansittingnearwhereIlive,beggingpassers-by

money.WheneverIseeher,Imakesuretogivehersomething.IfIamoutofmoney,atless

Italktoherforsometime.Whenotherpeopleisaround,!oftenmakesuretodropseveral

coinintohercupinthehopethattheywilldothesame.

TodayIpassheragain.Astheusual,!gavehersomemoneyoraskedherhowshewas.She

saidshewantedtothankme,notjustforthemoney,bu（alsoformyalwayslakethelimeto

talktoher.Thatshesaidsurprisedmegreat.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.你校《英语报刊》人物专栏正在征稿，请你用英语介绍一位你所敬佩的人物并投稿。

要点如下：

1.对该人物的简单介绍；

2.敬佩该人物的理由。

注意事项：字数100左右。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】A

【解析】(1)D.细节理解题。根据Pulluliuii-sciisilivcDicss部分Dun'lbecaughtoutside

unawareofpollutionlevelsintheair.Thcpollution-sensitiveEPADressbyStephanie

Sandstromnoticespollutionintheairaccordingly.

不要在不知道空气污染程度的情况下被困在外面。斯蒂芬妮•桑德斯特罗姆的污染敏感

型环保署服装也相应地注意到了空气中的污染。可知，TheEPADress用来告知人

们空气质量的。故选D。

(2)C.细节埋解题。根据Eco-InendlyCarRacer部分Canyouimageacarracerso

cco-fricndlythatitstyresarcmadefrompotatoes,itsbodyiscreatedfromhemp

(大麻)andrapeseedoilanditrunsonfuelmadefromwheatandsugar

beet?TheoneseaterracingcarcalledEcoOneisbuiltby

expertsfromWarwickUniversity.你能想象一个赛车手是

如此环保吗？它的轮胎是用土豆做的，它的身体是用大麻和菜籽油制成的，它用小麦和

甜菜做的燃料运转？这辆名为EcoOne的单座赛车是由沃里克大学的专家制造的。可知，

EcoOne主要是•些植物制成的。故选C。

(3)A.文章出处题。根据第一段Willyoucrazyaboutthesenewly-builtproductsthatarenot

merelyquiteusefulbutalsogoodtothe

environment?Comeandsecthen!你会

为这些既实用又环保的新产品而疯狂吗？快来看看吧！可知文章可能出自一篇科学报告。

A.Asciencereport.一份科学报告；B.Apersonalblog一个个人博客；C.Aheath

report一份健康报告；D.Anofficialdocument一份官方文件。故选A。

本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍一些既实用又环保的新产品，具体介绍它们的用

途和优势。

阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，

根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。

第10页，共22页

4.【答案】

【小题1)C【小题2】D【小题3】D【小题4】A

【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第■段Overonebillion(十亿)youngpeopleare

atriskofhearingloss(失聪)becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlong

periodsoftime,超过十亿年轻人有失聪的危险因为长时间听吵闹

的噪音。可知，因为长时间听吵闹的声音，所以导致了听力障碍以及失聪现象的发生，

故选C。

(2)D.细节理解题。根据第二段Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundof

arockconcertcanbeabout100dB.繁忙道路的声

音约为85分贝，摇滚音乐会的声音约为100分贝。可知，摇滚音乐会的声音约为100

分贝，故选D。

(3)D.细节理解题。根据第三段Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinnerears(内

耳).大噪音对内耳有害。可知，大声的噪音对内耳有害，故选D。

(4)A.标题归纳题。根据第一段ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumes

isharmfultoyourhearing.听音乐或大音量看电视节目

对你的听力有害。可知，文章主要讲了过于吵闹的声音对听力造成损害，最佳选项为A,

故选Ao

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了过于吵闹的声音对听力造成损害。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考

生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题

句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题T，带着问题卖文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考

查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行

深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对

文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准

确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语箓逻

辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面

信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理.，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词

有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的

泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，

同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

8.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】D

【解析】(1)B.推理判断题。根据第一段Duringthesummerholiday.sonicstudentsmight

havebeenbusywithtraveling,summercampsandallkindsofcourses.Butaspecialgroupof

Chinesemiddleschoolstudentsdecidedtotaste(hehardshipoflifeoutsideschool.

在暑假期间，一些学生可能忙于旅游，夏令营和各种课程。但有一群特殊的中国中学生

决定在校外体验生活的艰辛。结合后文提到了他们卖蔬菜的艰辛，可知，在作者看来，

这12个学生的行动是鼓舞人心的。A.popular受欢迎的；B.encouraging鼓舞人心的：

C.strange奇怪的；D.embarrassing令人尴尬的。故选

(2)D.细节理解题。根据第三段"Comparedtotraveling,suchsocialpracticeconnectsusand

makesuslearnhowtoughourparentsare,'1said

Dalin,18,totheCityMorningPost.Dalin,aseniorhigh

graduate,andher12-year-oldbrotherXiaolincameupwiththeidea.18

岁的大林在接受《城市晨报》采访时表示：”与旅行相比，这样的社会实践让我们联系

了起米，让我们了解到父母有多艰难。”高中毕业生大林和她12岁的弟弟小林想出了这

个主意。可知，这对表兄弟决定在市场上卖蔬菜，以了解他们的父母工作有多努力。故

选D,

(3)A.细节理解题。根据倒数第五段Tolowerthecost,thcylearnedtobargainwiththe

sellers.为了降低成本，他们学会了与卖家讨价还价。可知，他们与

卖方讨价还价以降低成本。故选A。

(4)D.标题归纳题。根据第一.段Twelvestudentsinabigcitysoldvegetablesatalocal

markettogether.Within12days,theymademorethan1,

第12页，共22页

500yuan.Among(hem,lheoldestis21yearsold.whiletheyoungestisjust10.Theyareall

cousinsinabigfamilyandeightofthemarefromruralareas.

在一个大城市，12个学生一起在当地市场卖蔬菜。在12天内，他们赚了1500多元。其

中，最大的21岁，而最小的只有10岁。他们都是一个大家庭的表兄弟，其中8人来自

农村地区。结合文章讲述了一个大家庭的12个表兄弟在当地市场卖蔬菜赚钱，其中8

人来自农村地区。接受采访时，高中毕业生大林表示，她和她12岁的弟弟小林想出了

卖蔬菜来体会父母艰辛的办法，讲述了他们卖蔬菜的经过以及体会。可知，D选项”表

兄弟卖蔬菜”最符合文章标题。故选D。

本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，主要讲述了一个大家庭的12个表兄弟在当地市场卖蔬菜

赚钱，其中8人来自农村地区。接受采访时，高中毕业生大林表示，她和她12岁的弟

弟小林想出了卖蔬菜来体会父母艰辛的办法，讲述了他们卖蔬菜的经过以及体会。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】

【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】A【小题4】A

【解析】(1)B.词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句"Ifyouarebetweentheagesof10and19,

eatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbodyandyourbrain(如果你的年龄在10岁到19

岁之间，吃太多的垃圾食品会伤害你的身体和大脑)”可知，垃圾食品对人体的损害。

第二句"Junkfoodshapestccnbrainsinwaysthatimpairtheirabilitytothink(垃圾食品塑

造了青少年的大脑，损害了他们的思考能力)”具体介绍了对大脑的损害，所以此句中

的词汇impair的意思是"损害，伤害A.Help“帮助”；B.Harm”损害，伤害”；C.Change"

改变“；D.Improvc”改善，提高”。选项B符合语境。故选

(2)C.细节理解题。根据第三段"ReicheltisabrainandnutritionspecialistatCanada's

WesternUniversity.Sheisapartofagroupofscientistsaroundtheworldwhohavebeen

studyingwhyjunkfoodsharmtheteenagers.Sheandtwootherresearchersreviewedmorethan

100studies.includingherown,abouthowpoorfoodchoicescanimpactteenbrains.They

describedwhattheylearnedintheMayissueofTheLancetChildandTeenageHealth

(Reichell是加拿大西部大学的大脑和营养专家。她是世界各地一组科学家中的一员，

他们一直在研究为什么垃圾食品对青少年有害。她和另外两名研究人员回顾了100多项

研究，包括她自己的研究，这些研究都是关于糟糕的食物选择如何影响青少年的大脑。

他们在五月的《柳叶刀儿童与青少年健康》杂志上描述了他们的研究成果）”可知，该

段主要介绍了科学家Reichelt,以及她和其他研究人员的对于垃圾食品对青少年的危害

的研究成果。所以选项C”她回顾了别人和自己的许多研究”符合语境。故选C。

（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四段首句"Teenbrainsarenotyetfullydevelopedisoneofthe

problemsthatjunkfoodcaninfluencethem（青少年的大脑尚未完全发育是垃圾食品可能

影响他们的问题之一）”可知，垃圾食品影响青少年大脑是因为该阶段大脑发育不完全。

选项A”青少年的大脑容易受到垃圾食品的影响是因为它们还没有完全发育”符合语境。

故选Ao

（4）A.文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了科学家Reichell和其他研究人员研究

了“垃圾食品为什么会对青少年大脑发育有损害？”的问题并将研究成果发表在《柳叶刀

儿童与青少年健康》杂志上。所以该文应该发表在报纸的“健康”版面。A.Health“健康”；

B.Society”社会";C.Lifestyle"生活风格”;D.Environment"环境，选项A符合语境。故

选Ao

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家Reichelt和其他研究人员研究了“垃圾食品为什

么会对青少年大脑发育有损害？”的问题并将研究成果发表在《柳叶刀儿童与青少年健

康》杂志上。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有

据。

16.【答案】

【小题1】G【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】B【小题5】F

［解析］（1）G.推理判断题o根据后句"Fortunately,therearewaysthatcanhelpyoubecome

thecentreofattentionduringanyevent."（幸运的是，有一些方法可以帮助你在任何活动

中成为注意力的中心。）以及前句"可知G项"Alotofpeopleendupmakingafoolof

themselves,though"（虽然很多人最后都出II了）其中makingafoolofthemselves与

Fortunately之间形成对此关系。故选G项。

（2）D.段落大怠题。根据后句"Therefore,youshouldspendtimedealingwithyourhairand

facebeforehand.,1（因此，你应该花时间事先处理好你的头发和脸。）可知D项"Before

第14页，共22页

yougotoaparty.takcyourtimeinpreparation"（在你去参加聚会之前，慢慢准备吧）其中

takeyourtimeinpreparation与后句中spendtimedealingwithyourhairandfacebeforehand

相呼应，符合语境。故比D项。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据后句"Startwalkinglikeabeautyqueenandposelikeamodelwhen

youreachthehall."（当你到达大厅时，开始像选美皇后一样走路，并摆出模特的姿势。）

可知C项"Whenyouarewithinstepsawayfromthefrontdoor"（当你离前i]不到几步远

时）其中thefrontdoor与thehall是位置上的先后关系，符合本段语境。故选C项。

（4）B.推理判断题。根据后句"youshouldacknowledgethemwithsmilesorhugs."（你应

该用微笑或拥抱来表示认出他们）可知B项"Whenyourecognisesomeoneinsidetheparty"

（当你在派对内认出某人时）。其中recognisesomeone与后句acknowledgethem形成呼

应关系。故选B项。

（5）F.推理判断题。根据前文"Therewillbefriendlystrangerslookingtostartaconversation

withyouduringtheparty."（在聚会期间，会有友好的用生人希望与你开始交谈。）可

知F项"However,becautiousofstrangerswhoarctooaggressive"（然而,要遂慎对待那些

过于主动的陌生人）其中strangerswhoaretooaggressive与前文friendlystrangers形成对

比关系，符合语境逻辑。故选F项。

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了让女性成为社交活动焦点的几个方法。

选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛，故学生要拓展知识面，关心时事，学习之余，增加阅读

面。做此类题型，要通读全文，了解常见写作顺序，重点理解空白处前后的句子，关注

段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，如：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连

贯性、逻辑性，锁定线索词，认真阅读选项，排除迷惑项，确定选项后，再快速泛读全

文，确保文章上下衔接流畅，选项有据可依。

21.【答案】

【小题1]D【小题2】B[小题3】A【小题4】C【小题5】A

【小题6】C【小题7】B【小题8】D【小题9】A【小题10】A

【小题11】C【小题12]C【小题13】B【小题14】D【小题151D

【小题16]B【小题17】B【小题18）C【小题19]A【小题20】D

【解析】(I)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.birthday生日;B.appointment任命；C.invitation

邀请；D.smile微笑。句意：我们打算用这张笑脸卡片来让某人度过美好的一天，希望

这能给这个世界带来更多的爱。呼应后文"Weshowedherthesmilecard”指微笑卡片。故

选D。

(2)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.confidence自信；B.love爱；C.wisdom智慧；D.truth

真理。句意：我们打算用这张笑脸卡片来让某人度过美好的一天，希望这能给这个世界

带来更多的爱。结合上文"wedecidedtodoasmallactofkindness"可知作者他们实行善举

是为了给世界带来更多的爱。故选B。

(3)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.reslauranl餐厅；B.hospital医院；C.hotel旅馆；D.club

俱乐部。句意：在一家餐馆里，我们决定秘密为他人付钱，看看会发生什么。根据上文

"Myfriendand1wereatarestaurantinBerkeleyforaneveningmeal"可知他们在餐厅里