中考英语复习知识点练专题14被动语态（原卷版）

专题14-被动语态中考英语知识清单（通用版）目录考情分析： 11.被动语态的结构 12.主动语态与被动语态的转换 23.含有情态动词的被动语态 24.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 35.含有短语动词的主动语态变为被动语态 36.带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态 37.变被动语态的其他注意点 48.牛刀小试 4考情分析：中考要求掌握：动词的主动语态和被动语态区别与使用，不同时态的被动语态形式及情态动词的被动语态形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态，主动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态是表示句子的主语是谓语动作的承受者。如：Weoftencleantheblackboard.（我们是擦黑板的执行者即主动语态）Theblackboardisoftencleanedbyus.（黑板是clean的承受者即被动语态）。1.被动语态的结构一般现在时：am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词一般过去时：was/were+及物动词的过去分词一般将来时：will/shallbe+及物动词的过去分词现在完成时：have/hasbeen+及物动词的过去分词现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+及物动词的过去分词过去完成时：hadbeen+及物动词的过去分词如：Youarewantedonthephone.有你的电话。Chinawasliberatedin1949.1949年中国解放。Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.明天将对这个问题进行讨论。Notabookinthelibraryhasbeentakenaway.图书馆里没有一本书被人拿走。Mybikeisbeingrepaired.我的自行车正在修理。ThebookhadbeenborrowedwhenIgottothelibrary.我到了图书馆时,那本书已经借出去了。2.主动语态与被动语态的转换（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词），根据被动语态句子里主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.

Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.3.含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.4.含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态主动语态:主语+谓语动词+间接、直接宾语+其他被动语态:间接宾语+be+过去分词+直接宾语+其他(比较常用)或:直接宾语+be+过去分词+介词(for/to)+间接宾语+其他如：Myfathergavemeanewbookonmybirthday.→Iwasgivenanewbookonmybirthday(bymyfather).→Anewbookwasgiventomeonmybirthday(bymyfather).Myfatherboughtmeanewcomputeryesterday.→Iwasboughtanewcomputeryesterday(bymyfather).→Anewcomputerwasboughtformeyesterday(bymyfather).我的父亲昨天给我买了一台新电脑。5.含有短语动词的主动语态变为被动语态有些相当于及物动词的短语动词,如“动词+介词”,“动词+副词”等,也可用于被动语态,但要把它们看作一个整体,不能分开。如：Shelooksafterhergrandmother.→Hergrandmotherislookedafter(byher).她照顾她的祖母。6.带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态变为被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语,原来的宾语补足语不动。如：Histeacherfoundhimaverygoodpupil.→Hewasfoundaverygoodpupilbyhisteacher.他的老师发现他是一个很好的学生。7.变被动语态的其他注意点（1）在主动句中,let,make,see,hear等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to,但在被动句中,则要保留to。如：Linda’sparentsmakeherpracticethepianoeverySunday.→LindaismadetopracticethepianoeverySunday.琳达的父母亲使她每天练习钢琴。（2）有些及物动词如have(有),reach,cost等,以及有些连系动词如smell,taste,sound,feel等,不用于被动语态。如：【误】Fivedollarsiscostbythisbook.【正】Thisbookcostsfivedollars.书花费了5元。【误】Thefoodistastednice.【正】Thefoodtastesnice.食物尝起来挺好。（3）如move,lock,shut,open等作不及物动词与can’t,won’t等连用时,以及如read,write,wash,clean等作不及物动词与well,easily等副词连用时,已含有被动意义,因此形式上不再采用被动结构。如：Thedoorwon’topen.门不能开了。Theclotheswashwell.衣服洗好了。8.牛刀小试1．（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）—Doyouthinkjuniorhighschoolstudents________togettheirearspierced?—No,Idon’tthinkso.Itisagainsttheschoolrules.A．shouldallow B．allow C．haveallowed D．shouldbeallowed2．（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）LiYan________tothewelcomepartyyesterday.A．invites B．isinvited C．wasinvited D．willinvite3．（2022·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—DoChinesepeoplelikeping-pongalot?—Yes.It_______bypeopleofallages.A．plays B．isplayed C．played D．wasplayed4．（2022·辽宁抚顺·中考真题）It’ssaidthatthekite_______inChinaover2000yearsago.A．invents B．invented C．wasinvented D．isinvented5．（2022·山东济南·中考真题）ThestoryofXiaohuiissotouchingthatitwillnever________byus.A．isforgotten B．forget C．beforgotten D．forgot6．（2022·湖南益阳·中考真题）—Studentsinourschool________toswimintheriversorlakesalone.—Neitherarewe.Afterall,safetymustcomefirst.A．allow B．don’tallow C．aren’tallowed7．（2022·湖南株洲·中考真题）ThreeChineseastronauts（宇航员）________toChinaSpaceStationsuccessfullyonJune5,2022.A．sent B．aresent C．weresent8．（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）IntheWolongPandaReserve,visitors________togetclosertopandas.A．allow B．allowed C．areallowing D．areallowed9．（2022·广西梧州·中考真题）ThreeChineseastronauts________intospaceonJune5th,2022.A．weretaking B．aretakingC．weretaken D．aretaken10．（2022·山东滨州·中考真题）The24thWinterOlympics________inBeijingandZhangjiakouin2022,fromFebruary4thto20th.A．held B．washeld C．willbeheld D．hasbeenheld11．（2022·辽宁盘锦·中考真题）It’ssaidthattea_________forthefirsttimeabout5,000yearsago.A．drinks B．drank C．isdrunk D．wasdrunk12．（2022·广西河池·中考真题）Somenewschools________inourcitynextyear.A．arebuilt B．werebuilt C．willbuild D．willbebuilt13．（2022·辽宁营口·中考真题）Aspeechonrobots________intheschoolhallnextFridayafternoon.A．isgiven B．willbegivenC．wasgiven D．hasbeengiven14．（2022·江苏镇江·中考真题）It’salongtime!Ican’trememberwhenthispicture_______inJinshanPark.A．wastaken B．takes C．istaken D．took15．（2022·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）It’ssaidthattea__________byaccidentaboutfivethousandyearsago.A．wasinvented B．isinvented C．willbeinvented D．wereinvented16．（2022·广西·中考真题）Chinese_________bymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.A．speak B．speaks C．isspeaking D．isspoken17．（2022·湖南郴州·中考真题）Anewsupermarket________onCenterStreetnextyear.A．wasbuilt B．willbebuilt C．isbuilt18．（2022·广西贵港·中考真题）—People________totaketheirtemperaturesbeforetheygointothesupermarketduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(新冠疫情).—Ithinkit’sagoodwaytoprotectourselves.A．areasking B．areasked C．asked D．ask19．（2022·北京·中考真题）Onourfarm,thetealeaves________byhandwhentheyareready.A．pick B．picked C．arepicked D．werepicked20．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）I________byaliensonmywayhometheotherday.Doyoubelieveme?A．haveattacked B．wasattacked C．wasattacking D．amattacked21．（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）The24thWinterOlympicGames________inFebruary,2022,Beijing.A．hold B．held C．isheld D．washeld22．（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）Fivemoreclubs________nextweektomakeourschoolliferichandcolorful.A．setup B．aresetup C．willbesetup D．weresetup23．（2022·贵州铜仁·中考真题）—Mum,couldIwatchthemovieTheBattleatChangjinLaketonight?—Ofcourse,ifyourhomework______.A．finishes B．finished C．wasfinished D．isfinished24．（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）TheForbiddenCity(紫禁城),thelargestpalaceintheworld,________morethan600yearsago.A．built B．werebuilt C．wasbuiltup D．wasbuilding25．（2022·广西贺州·中考真题）Aftertheboy’shomework________,hewentouttoplay.A．finished B．finishes C．wasfinished D．isfinished26．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）UNICEF,partoftheUnitedNations,________inEuropein1946afterWorldWarII.A．setup B．wassetup C．tookup D．wastakenup27．（2022·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—TheLawonFamilyEducationPromotion(家庭教育促进法)_________onOct.23,2021.—Yeah!Itcameintoeffect(生效)onJan.1,2022.A．passes B．waspassed C．passed D．pass28．（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）—ManyDIYcards________tomothersonMother’sDayeveryyear.—Howcreative!A．issending B．aresending C．issent D．aresent29．（2022·湖北十堰·中考真题）TheYouthSportsCenteronZixiaoRoad________lastyear.A．built B．wasbuilt C．hasbuilt D．wasbuilding30．（2022·河北·中考真题）—Mmm…Delicious.Whatisit?—It________zongzi,Tony.It’satraditionalfoodinChina.A．calls B．iscalled C．called D．wascalled31．（2022·湖北武汉·中考真题）DuringtheTangdynasty(唐朝),nearlyeverythingproducedintheworld________onthestreetsofChang’an.A．isfound B．hasbeenfound C．willbefound D．couldbefound32．（2022·天津·中考真题）Alotofbirds________innatureparkseveryyear.A．protect B．isprotected C．areprotected D．protected33．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Ihearthatyoutookpartinaforestclean-upactivitylastSunday.—Yes,it________byourschoolgreenclubtoprotectforests.A．organizes B．organized C．wasorganized D．willbeorganized34．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）TheteainYunnanissofamousthatit________toplacesacrosstheworldeveryday.A．sends B．sent C．issent D．willbesent35．（2022·甘肃定西·中考真题）Paper________inancientChinamorethan2,000yearsago.A．invented B．wasinvented C．invent D．isinvented36．（2022·江西·中考真题）Mr.Smithcreatedanewgame.Soonallhisstudents________rulestoplayit.A．teach B．taught C．aretaught D．weretaught37．（2022·重庆·中考真题）Hisguitar________asagiftforhimlastweek.A．buys B．isbought C．bought D．wasbought38．（2022·重庆·中考真题）Lastyear,anewoldpeople’shome________inourcommunity.A．builds B．built C．isbuilt D．wasbuilt39．（2022·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Moreandmorehigh-technologyproducts________inChina.—Yes.Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.A．ismaking B．aremaking C．ismade D．aremade40．（2022·四川广元·二模）The31stFISUWorldUniversityGames_________fromJunetoJulyin2022inChengdu,Sichuan.A．holds B．isheld C．willhold D．willbeheld41．（2022·河北·大名县教育体育局教研室三模）Chinese________inmanyschoolsoutsideChina.A．teaches B．istaught C．willteach D．willbetaught42．（2022·辽宁丹东·模拟预测）Reusablebags________bymoreandmorepeoplenowthoughalittleexpensive.A．accept B．areaccepted C．wereaccepted D．accepted43．（2022·重庆市育才中学二模）Theoldshould________inoursociety.A．betakegoodcareof B．takegoodcareofC．betakengoodcareof D．aretakengoodcareof44．（2022·河北·馆陶县教师发展中心二模）Dumplings________bymillionsofforeignpeopleasakindo