Unit1FoodforThoughtLanguagePointsandGrammar(情态动词1)导学案-高一英语

B2U1LanguagePoints1sufferv.(身体或精神上)受苦归纳拓展（1）vi.受苦于......;因......而受到惩罚；患......病sufferfromsth.遭受（战争、自然灾害）带来的苦难及患病或其他苦vt.遭受；忍受；经历suffer+抽象名词（pain,loss,defeat,damage,punishment,poverty,hunger,hardship等）①Itisreportedthatthefactorysufferedagreatlossinthefire.据报道，这家工厂在大火中遭受了严重损失。②Whatworriedusmostwasthatmothersufferedfrombadheartdisease.最令我们担忧的是母亲患有严重的心脏病。[单句语法填空]①Thefilmisbasedonthetrue­lifestoryofacancer(suffer).②(suffer)defeatafterdefeat,hebegantolosefaithinhimself.③Youmusthavesufferedacold.2情态动词+havedone归纳拓展musthavedone过去一定做过某事may/mighthavedone过去可能做过某事can’t/couldn’thavedone过去可能没做过某事should（not）/ought（not）tohavedone本（不）应该做某事couldhavedone本能够做某事mighthavedone本可以做某事needn’thavedone本不必做某事就①ItoldSallyhowtogetthere,butperhapsIshouldhavewrittenitoutforher.我告诉萨莉如何到达那里，但或许我应该给她写出来。②Hecan'thaveworkedattheofficelastnight,forhehadtogotoapartyat6：00pm.昨晚他不可能在办公室工作，因为(昨天)晚上六点他得参加聚会。③—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.—Oh,didyou?YoucouldhavestayedwithBarbara.——在纽约时我住在一家旅店。——哦，是吗？你本可以和巴巴拉住在一起。④Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,thoughyouwerebusy.尽管很忙，其实你本可以多帮助他一下。⑤Therewasplentyoftime;sheneedn'thavehurried.时间很充足，她没有必要着急。[单句写作]①比尔不可能走太远。他的咖啡还是温的。Billtoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.②——对不起，妈妈！我面试又失败了。——哦，太糟糕了。你本应该做好充分的准备。—Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh,it'stoobad.Youfullpreparations.③来新学校前，我没有必要担心，因为这儿的同学对我都很友好。IbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.④没有经历战争，海明威就不可能写出他著名的小说《永别了，武器》。Withouthiswartimeexperiences,HemingwayhisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.⑤路是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itlastnight.3relatedadj.有关系的，相关的归纳拓展relatev.联系，使有联系relateto涉及；与......相关relateAtoB把A和B联系起来relatedadj.有关系的，相关的berelatedto=beconnected/associated/linkedwith=havesomethingtodowith与......有关系/关联relationn.关系（常用复数）；亲属relationshipn.（人、团体、国家之间的）关系therelationshipbetweenAandBA和B的关系①Lightindustryiscloselyrelatedtoagriculture.轻工业和农业密切相关。②Thequestionnairerelatestoourlifestyle.这份问卷调查和我们的生活方式有关。③Itisdifficulttorelatetheseresultstoanyknowncause.很难把这些结果和任何已知的原因联系起来。④Talkingaboutpersonalrelationships,I’dnaturallythinkofmyrelationshipwithmymother.说到人际关系，我会自然的想到我和我母亲的关系。[单句语法填空]①ThisisanFrenchword(relate)tomusic.②Wemustrelatewhathesayswhathedoes.[单句写作]①以后，工资的增加将和业绩挂钩。Inthefuture,payincreaseswillproductivity.②他问了一些和他的专业有关的问题。Heaskedsomequestionshismajor.③这件事太小了，不足以影响两人之间的友谊。It'ssosmallthestrengthoftheirfriendship.4dietn.日常饮食归纳拓展①Everyoneshouldkeepabalanceddietforthebenefitofhealth.为了健康，每个人都应该保持均衡的膳食。②Haveyoubeenonadiet?You'velostalotofweight.你最近在节食吗？你瘦了好多。③Tomakemyselflookprettyagain,Idecidetogoonadiet.为了让自己看起来更漂亮，我决定节食。[单句写作]①Mysisterwantsto(节食),becauseshethinkssheisoverweight.②(均衡的饮食)isimportantforachild'sdevelopment.5addictn.对……着迷的人归纳拓展①Afterhisdivorce,Bruceaddictedhimselftodrinking,thuslosinghisjob.离婚后，布鲁斯终日醉酒，结果丢了工作。②TeenagerswhoareaddictedtotheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.有网瘾的青少年更可能患忧郁症。③Youshouldstoptakingthismedicinebecauseitisaddictive.你应该停止服用这种药，因为它让人上瘾。④Somestudentsarenowfightingtheiraddictiontoputergames.现在一些学生正努力戒除对电脑游戏的瘾。[单句语法填空]①Alcoholandtobaccoarebothhighly(addict).②Heisnowfightinghis(addict)toalcohol.③Weareaddictedto(buy)newthings.[单句写作]曾有一段时间他沉迷于电脑游戏。Therewasatimewhenheputergames.6incase以防万一归纳拓展incaseof以防万一；如果（后跟名词）inthatcase如果那样的话inthecase在这种情况下inmostcases在大多情况下inanycase无论如何，不管怎样innocase决不（位于句首时，句子部分倒装）①Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseofrain.＝Takeyourumbrellaincase(that)itshouldrain.带上雨伞，以防下雨。②Inanycase,Ihavetoleavesoon.无论如何，我必须尽快离开。③Innocaseshouldyouleavehere.任何情况下你都不要离开这里。[单句写作]①他上课迟到了，对他来说这是常有的事。withhim,hewaslateforclass.②带张地图吧，以防迷路。Bringamapyougetlost.③汤姆现在很忙。在这种情况下，我们就不再等了。Tomisverybusynow.，wewon'twaitanylonger.④无论如何我不能输掉这个重要的比赛。thisimportantmatch.⑤如果遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃并按下按钮。emergency,breaktheglassandpressthebutton.7differv.不同，不一样，有区别归纳拓展differv.不同，不一样，有区别differfrom与......不同differin在某方面不同differentadj.不同的；有区别的bedifferentfrom...in...在......方面与......不同differencen.不同；区别tellthedifferencebetweenAandB分辨A和B的不同makeadifference有影响；起作用①Thisproposaldiffersfromthelastoneinmanyimportantrespects.＝Thisproposalisdifferentfromthelastoneinmanyimportantrespects.这个建议在很多重要方面与上一个不同。②parethetwopicturesandtellthedifferencebetweenthem.比较一下这两幅画，分辨出它们之间的不同。③Onefalsestepwillmakeagreatdifference.差之毫厘，谬以千里。[单句语法填空]①Thesetwobooksdiffercolour—oneisredandtheotherisblue.②Ourvillageisvery(difference)fromwhatitwasbefore.③Thebehaviorofparentsmakesagreat(different)tothechildren.学习效果随堂演练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Iwasn'thungrybecauseIatea(点心)beforedinner.2．IguessyoumightenjoyabookonChinese(烹饪).3．CanwehaveBeijing(烤制的)duckforlunch?4．Iwasinvitedtoattendmybestfriend's(婚礼)andshelookedsobeautifulonthatday.5．Whatyoudidwasreally(糟糕的),andIcan'ttrustyouanymore.6．Theyspenta(极好的)weekattheseaside,wheretheyenjoyedsomeofthebestseafood.7．Thedog(咬)thatboyandmadehislegbleed.8．Intheevenings,we(聚集)aroundthefireplaceandtalked.9．Whitehasalwaysbeena(象征)ofpurityinmostcountries.10．Talkaboutbookswithateacher,andtalkaboutmeatwitha(肉贩).Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Idaren't(tell)herthetruth.2．Itistypicalhimtomakemistakesinhishomework.3．Somemushroomsaregoodtoeatwhilesomeare(poison).4．Theshelveswerefilledwithall(sort)ofvegetables—eggplants,cucumbers,cabbages,tomatoesandsoon.5．Victimssufferanxiety,depressionandlowself­esteem.6．myopinion,collegelifeisfulloffreedomandfun.7．Hewas(typical)modestabouthisachievements.8．Tolerance,patienceandunderstandingarehersecretstoahappy(marry).Ⅲ.选词填空eacross;dealwith;feelathome;eversince;thanksto;growup1．Itwasallagreatsuccess—alotofhardwork.2．Weareconsideringhowtothisdifficultsituation.3．Imypreviousteacher,MrWang,inthestreetyesterday.4．Theboydidn'tinsuchastrangeplace.5．Heisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhe．6．TomandIhavebeengoodfriendsIcametothisschool.Ⅳ.单句写作1．那男孩坐在门旁等妈妈。Theboysatbythedoor,.2．你要么马上离开，要么等到明天。Youmustatoncetilltomorrow.他一定已经离开了，因为我到处都找不到他。HeforIcouldn'tfindhimanywhere.4．健康是最重要的。Nothingishealth.5．她一向迟到。Itistobelate.6.不言而喻，保持均衡的膳食能帮助你保持健康。Itgoeswithoutsayingthatcanhelpyoustayhealthy.7．犯罪率上升可能与失业率上升有关。Theriseincrimeislikelyanincreaseinunemployment.8．这两个地区的气候差异很大。Thesetworegions．9．多带几件衣服，以备身上弄湿了好穿。Takesomespareclothesyougetwet.8satisfyingadj.令人高兴的，令人满意的归纳拓展satisfyvt.使满意，使满足satisfyone’sneeds/curiosity满足某人的需要/好奇心satisfyingadj.令人高兴的；令人满意的satisfiedadj.感到满意的，满足的besatisfiedwith对......感到满意satisfactionn.满意；满足；欣慰asenseofsatisfaction满足感toone’ssatisfaction令某人满意的是①Iguaranteethatyouwillbesatisfiedwiththeresult.我保证你会对结果感到满意。②Totheteacher'ssatisfaction,heansweredallthequestionscorrectly.令老师满意的是，他正确地回答了所有的问题。③Thehotelwillmakeeveryguestegladlyandleavewithsatisfaction.酒店会让每一位光临的客人开心而来，满意而归。[单句语法填空]①Ienjoythe(satisfy)ofbringingjusticetothosewhohavebeenwronged.②Areyousatisfiedtheperformanceofyournewcar?③Itis(satisfy)inlifetomakeonefriend,morethanenoughtomaketwofriendsandraretomakethreefriends.④mygreatsatisfaction,everythingisgoingsmoothly.9remendv.推荐归纳拓展remendv.推荐sth.(tosb.)(向某人)推荐某物remenddoingsth.建议做某事that...建议...Itismendedthat...建议...(从句谓语用（should）+动词原形）remendsb.todosth.建议某人做某事2）remendationn.推荐；建议①Hestronglyremendedgoingtherebytrain.他强烈建议坐火车去那里。②Whydidyouremendhimtotakesuchanimportantposition?你为什么推荐他担任这么重要的职位？③Wouldyouremendabooktome?你能给我推荐一本书吗？④I'llremendTomashisassistant.我要推荐汤姆当他的秘书。⑤Itisremendedthatyoushouldconsultyourdoctor.建议你去咨询医生。[单句语法填空]①ItissuchagreathotelthatIwouldremenditanyfriendofminewhoisgoingtoBeijing.②Heremended(read)thebookbeforeseeingthemovie.③It'sstronglyremendedthatthemachine(repair)everyyear.[句型转换]Thedoctorremended(that)myfather(should)takemoreexercise.→Thedoctorremendedmyfathermoreexercise.注意：以下动词，后跟that引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，即“（should）+动词原形”，表示动作发出者的主观意愿。一坚持insist二命令ordermand三建议suggestadviseremend四要求demanddesirerequirerequest还有一个敦促urge①Theysuggestedthathe(should)ehomeontime.他们建议他按时回家。②Heinsistedthatthenewemployees(should)betrainedfirst.他坚持要求新雇员要先接受培训。③Mr.Blackorderedthatwe(should)wearmaskswhengoingout.布莱克老师命令我们出去时戴口罩。10convenientadj.方便的，便利的归纳拓展ifitisconvenientforsb.如果某人方便的话Itis/wasconvenientforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事是方便的。Itis/wasconvenientthat.........是方便的2）convenientlyadv.便利地3）conveniencen方便；便利atone’sconvenience在某人方便时注意：convenient作表语时，不能用人作主语，要用事物作主语或用it来充当形式主语。①Ifitisconvenientforyoutoday,wecouldmeetat2pm.如果你今天方便的话，我们可以下午两点见面。②Itisnotconvenientformetoringhimup.我不方便给他打。③Canyoueandgivemeahandatyourconvenience?在你方便的时候能过来帮我吗？[单句语法填空]①Youmaysendmeanansweryourearliestconvenience.②Ibuythisapartmentfor(convenient),foritisveryconvenientforme(take)thesubway.[单句写作]①会后你方便开车去接他吗？topickhimupafterthemeeting?②为方便起见我把参考书放在书桌旁。Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydesk．③在你方便的时候我们讨论一下这件事。Let'sdebateaboutthismatter．11resistv.忍住，按捺归纳拓展resist(doing)sth.反对某事can’tresist/stand/bear/help(doing)sth.无法抵抗/忍不住(做)某事resistantadj.有抵抗力的，抵制的，反抗的，抗拒的3）resistancen.反抗；抵制；抵抗力；阻力①Theboycouldn'tresistshowingoffhisbeingpraisedbytheteacheronarrivinghome.一到家，这个男孩就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老师的表扬。②Elderlypeoplearenotalwaysresistanttochange.老年人并不总是抵制变化。③Weshouldtakeexercisetobuildupresistancetodisease.我们应该坚持锻炼来增强对疾病的抵抗力。[单句语法填空]①Shecouldn'tresist(buy)anewskirtthemomentsheenteredthemall.②Amongthemarespecialwindowsthatare(resist)todirtandwater.③Therehasbeenalotof(resist)tothisnewlaw.12adaptv.(使)适应，(使)适合；改编归纳拓展adapt(oneself)tosth.（使自己）适应某事beadaptedfromsth.根据/由......改编adapt...for把......改编成；使......适应或适合adaptationn.适应；改编本adaptableadj.适应性强的；可修改的①Youshouldadaptyourselftothenewclassassoonaspossible.你应该尽快适应新班级。②TheTVseriesisadaptedfromatruestory.这部电视剧由一个真实故事改编而成。名师点津adapt的形近词为adoptvt.采纳，采用，收养；adeptadj.熟练的；擅长的。[单句语法填空]①Hehastriedtoadaptlocalcustoms.②Thebest­sellingputergamehasbeenadaptedayoungeraudience.③TheTVseriesFantasyCityisan(adapt)ofGuoJingming'snovelofthesamename.④Iholdthefirmbeliefthatshewilldealwiththechangesverywell,becausesheisvery_____(adapt).[单句写作]这部电影是由同名小说改编而成。Thisfilmthenovelofthesamename.13endup(尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来归纳拓展doingsth.以做某事告终with...以......结束（后接标具体事物的名词）endup+in...以......为结局（后接抽象名词或表示地点的名词）as...最终成为/变成......（后接表示身份、职务的名词）adj.以......（状况）告终①Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmightendupgettingsomethingyoudon'twant.如果你不知道自己想要什么，到头来你可能得非所愿。②Atthedinnerweusuallybeginwithsoupandendupwithfruit.吃饭时我们通常第一道菜是汤，最后一道是水果。③You'llsoonendupindebtifyoukeeponspendingmoneythatway.如果你继续那样花钱，你很快就会负债。④Shehadalwayswantedtobeawriterbutendedupasateacher.她一直想当作家，但最终成了老师。⑤Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,he'llendupdead.如果他继续像那样开车，早晚得死于非命。[单句语法填空]①Atfirsttheyhatedeachother,buttheyendedup(bee)goodfriends.②Ifyoutakethetimeandefforttodothis,you'llendupmorefriends.③Youwillendupprisonifyoucontinuetosteal.④Hestartedasanemployeeandendedupheadofthefirm.[单句写作]①不幸的是，她所有的努力都以失败告终。Unfortunately,allhereffortsfailure.②他一开始是个穷人，最后成为一位百万富翁。Hebeganhislifeasapoormanandamillionaire.14pickup买，购买归纳拓展①WedrovetotheairportthenextmorningtopickupSusan.我们第二天早晨开车去机场接苏珊。②It'seasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.因为他个子很高，所以很容易在人群中认出他。③Don'tpickoffanyoftheseflowers.这些花一朵也不要摘。[写出下列句中pickup的含义]①Theydependonthegoodwillofvisitorstopickuprubbish.②HepickedupsomeEnglishwordswhilehewastravellinginEngland.③Itisatthehotelthatthecoachpicksuptourists.④WecanpickupItaliantelevision.⑤Heisbeginningtopickupaftertheoperation.学习效果随堂演练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．The(食谱)tellsushowtomakedumplingsstepbystep.2．Itisveryimportanttokeepahealthy(生活方式).3．Allthepublic(官员)mustservethepeopleheartandsoul.4．Gently(摆动)yourrightarminaclockwisedirection.5．Addmore(蜂蜜)ifyouhaveasweettooth.6．Pleasetrysomeofthis(自制的)bread.7．Updatingmy(博客)hasbeeoneofmyhabits.8．A(厨师)isaprofessionalcook,especiallythemostseniorcookinarestaurant.9．Trademarkshelp(确定)theproducerofaproduct.10．Hehasimprovedhis(排名)thisseasonfrom10thto5th.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Whenyouswiminthesea,youcanfeelthatthewateris(salt).2．Thedestroyedbuildings(reconstruct)nowandtheyareexpectedtobefinishedintwomonths.3．ebytopickmeupatyour(convenient).4．Workhasbegunonthe(construct)ofthenewairport.5．hisparents'satisfaction,hegotfullmarksinthefinalexam.6．Inordertofinda(satisfy)job,wemusthavesometalentsthatcanbenefitthepany.7．Hecouldn'tresist(plain)abouthisdemandingboss.8．Youshouldadaptyourselfthenewenvironment.9．Theconferencewas(original)plannedtoopeninMarch.10．Theirmostvaluable(belong)werelockedinasafeinthebedroom.Ⅲ.选词填空befamousfor;besimilarto;belongto;bringup;catchup;endup;hadbetter;moreorless;makeuseof;pickup1．Hebyhisgrandmother,soheisveryclosetoher.2．YoucaneasilysomeFrenchwordsifyoustayinFrance.3．Heboughtthehousetenyearsago,soithim.4．Saltsugarincolorbuttheyaredifferentintaste.5．Theoldfriendsspentsometimeoneachother'shealthandfamilies.6．Theresultwasthattheengineatthebottomofthecanal.7．Jinan,thecapitalcityofShandongProvince,itsspring.8．Thesizeofmynewschoolisthesamewithmypreviousschool.9．Youleaveatonceoryou'llmissthelastbus.10．Youshouldeveryminutetostudyhard.Ⅳ.单句写作1．他们还太小，不明白发生了什么事。Theyarewhatisgoingon.2．在山脚下有一个小村庄。liesavillage.3．她对他接受批评的方式很满意。Shethewayhehadacceptedhercriticism.4．今天如果你方便的话，请在回家的路上帮我邮寄这封信。Iftoday,pleaseposttheletterformeonyourwayhome.5．我开始加速，我突然意识到我忘了该怎么停下来。Ibeganto，andsuddenlyIrealizedIhadforgottenhowtostop.我们的老师建议我们要定期锻炼。Ourteacherremendsthat．B2U1Grammar(情态动词一)课前自主预习[观察句子，总结规律]①...Iwasabletoholdaknifeandfork—andchopsticks!②ButtherearestillsomedishesthatDaddarenottryevenaftermanyyearsofmarriagetomymother.③MumandIjusthavetofindawaytogethimintothekitchen!④．..we'dbetternoteattoomuchroastfoodasitmaymakeussufferfromheatinsideourbodies,...⑤Youneedn'ttryitifyoudon'twantto,Mumsaid,...[我的发现]以上五个句子都使用了情态动词。(1)①句中的beableto意为“”。(2)②句中的dare意为“”。(3)③句中的haveto意为“”。(4)④句中的'dbetter为的缩写，意为“”。(5)⑤句中的need意为“”。精讲课时语法一、beableto的用法beableto意为“能够，有能力”，不仅有时态、人称和数的变化，而且还可以与某些系动词或情态动词连用(通常不与can连用)，甚至还可以有非谓语形式。Hehasn'tbeenabletogetintouchwithher.他一直未能联系上她。Youmightbeabletopersuadehim.你也许能够说服他。Ihopetobeabletodothework.我希望能胜任这项工作。Iregretnotbeingabletohelpher.我很遗憾未能帮到她。eq\a\vs4\al(易混辨析)can和beableto的区别can和beableto都可以表示能力，前者泛指一般的能力，只有两种形式，即can,could；后者表示通过努力可以具备做成某件事的能力或实现某种状态，重点强调的是要有一个努力的过程。如：Icandriveacar.(我会开车)Iwillbeabletodrivethecarinaweek.(隐含着我努力一周后就能学会开车的意思)二、dare的用法dare既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。1．dare作情态动词时，表示“敢，敢于”，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。此时的dare没有人称、数和时态的变化，能单独构成否定和疑问。例如：Dareyouclimbthattree?你敢爬那棵树吗？Hedaren'tgotherebecauseitisverydangerous.他不敢去那里，因为那里很危险。2．dare用作实义动词时，有时态和人称的变化，用do,does或did来构成否定句或疑问句。Shedidn'tdaretosayaword,didshe?她一句话也没敢说，是吗？三、haveto的用法haveto意为“不得不”，有时态、人称和数的变化，其否定形式为don't/doesn't/didn'thaveto。It'stoolate.Ihavetogohomenow.天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。Youdon'thavetofinishtheworknow.你没有必要现在就完成这项工作。eq\a\vs4\al(易混辨析)haveto和must的区别haveto表示一种客观的需要，而must表示一种主观的需要。此外，must还表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。Ihavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。Imustcleantheroombecauseit'sdirty.我必须要打扫一下房间，因为太脏了。四、hadbetter的用法hadbetter意为“最好”，后跟动词原形，常用来提出建议，或表示迫切地希望、警告等，语气较强。其中动词had没有人称或数的变化。hadbett