麻醉科试题库及答案

麻醉科（共1000题

1000分）一、A1/A2型题、A1/A2型题：每一道考试题下面有A、B、C、D、E五个备选答案。请从中选择一个最佳答案。(800分)MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[修改]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]（）1、有关胰岛素的描述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.促进糖原合成B.促进脂肪酸的分解C.促使血钾向细胞内转移D.促进糖的储存和利用E.抑制蛋白质的分解（）2、治疗高黏综合征最重要的措施之一是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.输入血浆B.血液稀释C.输入全血D.输入血小板E.输入浓缩红细胞（）3、与直喉镜比较，弯喉镜更易于显露声门的体位是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.经典式喉镜头位B.平卧垫枕修正位C.膝胸头高卧位D.左侧卧位E.仰卧头低位（）4、不影响蒸发器输出的因素有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.流量B.大气压C.时间D.温度E.压力泵吸（）5、Mapleson系统回路中不能进行控制呼吸的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.A回路B.B回路C.C回路D.D回路E.E回路（）6、红外线监测仪分析麻醉药蒸气浓度常采用的波长是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.2.8μmB.3.3μmC.3.8μmD.4.3μnE.4.8μm（）7、出现角膜反射消失的神经损伤有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.视神经B.动眼神经C.面神经D.滑车神经E.外展神经（）8、血／气分配系数小的吸入麻醉药是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.氧化亚氮B.地氟烷C.七氟烷D.异氟烷E.恩氟烷（）9、局部麻醉时，最后消失的感觉是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.痛觉B.温度觉C.触压觉D.深度感觉E.运动功能（）10、收集心脏静脉血的冠状窦注入MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.右心房B.左心房C.右心室D.腔静脉E.左心室（）11、肝硬化晚期的患者，与呕血症状有关的静脉是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.食管静脉B.上腔静脉C.脐静脉D.肠系膜下静脉E.肠系膜上动脉（）12、心绞痛痛感的传入神经是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.膈神经B.迷走神经C.喉返神经D.胸交感干的心支E.内脏大神经（）13、血K逐步升高时，心肌的兴奋性MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.逐步降低B.逐步升高C.迅速降低D.迅速升高E.先升高后降低（）14、正常人脑电图δ波的频率是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.4～7次／秒B.8～10次／秒C.11～13次／秒D.0.5～3次／秒E.14～16次／秒（）15、肌肉产生肌张力的主要反射是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.自主神经反射B.条件反射C.肌牵张反射D.反转的牵张反射E.脊髓反射（）16、可降低心肌细胞传导性的因素有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.阈电位与静息电位差值缩小B.0期除极幅度增大C.静息电位绝对值减小D.阈电位增高E.0期除极速度加快（）17、有关脑循环特点的叙述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.脑内血液主要来自颈内动脉与椎动脉B.血流量大，成年人约为50ml/(100g·min)C.神经细胞对缺氧极敏感而对低血糖不敏感D.血-脑屏障对物质通透性有选择性E.耗氧量大，约占全身氧耗的20%（）18、正常成年人脑血流量保持相对恒定的灌注压在MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.50～150mmHgB.60～180mmHgC.80～150mmHgD.40～180mmHgE.80～180mmHg（）19、麻醉对冠脉循环的影响，正确的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.静脉麻醉药减少冠脉血流量B.蛛网膜下隙阻滞平面过广时，可致冠脉血流减少C.麻醉性镇痛药使冠脉血流量增加D.吸入麻醉药对冠脉循环无影响E.镇静药使冠脉血流量增加（）20、丙泊酚麻醉药理作用的特点是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.作用强而持久B.苏醒迅速、完全C.有较弱的镇痛、肌松作用D.对呼吸、循环无明显影响E.肝、肾毒性无影响（）21、麻醉手术中导致肝血流量减少的原因，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.缺氧B.高PaCOC.持续正压通气D.机械压迫E.血压降低（）22、阻塞性黄疸病人一般都伴有凝血酶原时间延长，能纠正的药物是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.维生素AB.维生素BC.维生素CD.维生素KE.维生素E（）23、肺顺应性降低的患者呼吸变化为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.慢而浅B.快而浅C.快而深D.慢而深E.无变化（）24、有关妊娠期血液的改变叙述，正确的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.血沉加快B.血容量减少C.血红蛋白增高D.血黏度增加E.血细胞比容增加（）25、关于表观分布容积的叙述，正确的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.某一药物它是一个恒值B.体内总药量(Xo)与零时血药浓度的比值C.它代表药物在机体内分布真实容积D.其值越大，代表药物集中分布组织或某些器官中E.其值越小，代表药物在机体内分布越广泛（）26、关于吸入麻醉药的叙述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.MAC相当于效价强度B.MAC是监测病人麻醉深度的基础C.MAC可作为探讨麻醉作用机制的手段D.不同吸入麻醉药其MAC没有相加性质E.不同麻醉药相同的MAC产生不同的心血管效应（）27、吸入麻醉药减少脑代谢MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.与时间常数有关B.与麻醉深度无关C.与剂量无关D.与癫痫样脑电活动无关E.与脑电活动有关（）28、左心室收缩期负荷加重常见于MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.二尖瓣狭窄B.肺动脉瓣狭窄C.主动脉瓣狭窄D.室间隔缺损E.动脉导管未闭（）29、对慢性阻塞性肺疾病有重要诊断意义的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.血气分析：pH降低，PaCO增高B.心电图：低电压C.X线：肺透亮度增加、肺大疱D.临床表现：呼吸困难、发绀E.肺功能：FEV<60%，最大通气量低于预计值的80%（）30、系统毒性最低的局部麻醉药是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.普鲁卡因B.丙胺卡因C.利多卡因D.甲哌卡因E.罗哌卡因（）31、影响吸入麻醉药从肺排出最重要的因素是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.肺泡通气量B.麻醉药的血／气分配系数C.组织容积D.麻醉药的组织／血分配系数E.吸入麻醉药的血液溶解度（）32、二尖瓣狭窄最有诊断价值的方法是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.胸部X线B.心电向量图C.心音图D.多普勒超声心动图E.心脏三位成像（）33、非去极化肌松药的主要作用机制是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.阻滞M受体B.阻滞N受体C.阻滞M受体D.阻滞N受体E.抑制胆碱酯酶活性（）34、曲马朵术后镇痛的特点是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.镇痛效果比吗啡强B.易出现便秘C.不产生呼吸抑制作用D.恶心、呕吐发生率高E.口服效果差（）35、琥珀胆碱的不良反应没有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.心律失常B.低血钾C.术后肌痛D.眼压增高E.恶性高热（）36、椎管内麻醉术前用阿托品的目的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.减少腺体分泌B.降低迷走神经张力C.增加心率D.增强胃肠道张力E.促进胃肠蠕动，减少术后恶心、呕吐（）37、重度哮喘时，成年人每天氨茶碱静脉用药的最大剂量为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.1.5gB.2.5gC.3.5gD.4.5gE.5.5g（）38、属一级动力学药物的消除半衰期的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.是一恒值，不受疾病的影响B.消除半衰期与清除率成正比C.消除半衰期与表观分布容积成正比D.某一病人某药的消除半衰期与表观分布容积成反比E.消除半衰期与血药浓度成正比（）39、关于结核菌素试验结果，正确的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.结核菌素试验阴性者就可除外结核B.卡介苗接种成功，结核菌素反应多呈强阳性C.粟粒性肺结核时，结核菌素反应可呈阴性D.结核菌素试验阳性者，必有结核病E.初次感染结核后4周内，结核菌素试验阳性（）40、丙泊酚引起低血压的主要原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.兴奋迷走神经B.阻滞交感神经C.抑制心血管中枢D.直接抑制心肌E.降低外周血管阻力（）41、能早期诊断小气道阻塞的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.第一秒用力呼气量B.流量容积曲线C.最大自主通气量D.最大呼气中期流速E.闭合气量（）42、不用血管扩张药治疗的心排血量减少是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.缩窄性心包炎B.主动脉瓣关闭不全C.二尖瓣关闭不全D.高血压性心脏病E.充血性心脏病（）43、右心衰竭的主要体征不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.双下肺湿啰音B.肝、脾大C.下肢水肿D.颈静脉怒张E.肝-颈静脉回流征阳性（）44、心源性哮喘与支气管哮喘临床表现的主要不同点是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.是否反复发作B.心前区收缩期杂音C.心脏扩大伴奔马律D.两肺啰音性质E.无肺气肿体征（）45、可引起直立性低血压的药物是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.吗啡B.硫喷妥钠C.地西泮D.东莨菪碱E.氯丙嗪（）46、库欣综合征是指MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.糖皮质激素生产不足B.糖皮质激素生产过多C.长期服用大量的糖皮质激素，引起向心性肥胖D.醛固酮异常增多E.性激素产生过多（）47、能更早更准确地反映肺换气功能障碍的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.SaOB.PaCOC.SvOD.PaO/FiOE.SpO（）48、区别重症肌无力患者胆碱能危象和肌无力性危象的根据是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.血压高低B.瞳孔大小以及唾液和出汗多少C.呼吸的深浅和快慢D.是否出现病理反射E.肌无力程度（）49、治疗肝性脑病患者，用于恢复脑部的神经递质的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.去甲肾上腺素B.γ-氨酪酸C.多巴胺D.肾上腺素E.乙酰谷酰胺（）50、破伤风患者，气管切开的指征是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.呼吸中枢麻痹B.腹肌强直，呼吸受限C.抽搐频繁而又不易用药控制D.吞咽困难，防止食物误吸E.肺部感染（）51、成年人新九分法计算烧伤面积，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.发、颈、面共9%B.双上肢为18%C.躯干为27%D.双臀为5%E.双大腿为13%（）52、易引起急性肾衰竭的外伤是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.严重挤压伤B.脾破裂C.创伤性窒息D.血气胸E.严重头皮撕脱伤（）53、甲状腺大部切除术后，出现长时间、不能恢复的手足抽搐，首选治疗方法是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.口服葡萄糖酸钙B.口服维生素DC.静脉注射氯化钙D.口服二氢速固醇油剂E.异体甲状旁腺移植（）54、应视为手术禁忌的血小板数为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.≤20×10／LB.≤30×10／LC.≤40×10／LD.≤50×10／LE.≤60×10／L（）55、内源性呼气末正压(PEEPi)是指MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.麻醉机废气排出受阻在回路中形成的压力B.呼气末留滞在肺泡内气体所产生的正压C.呼气末呼吸机施加于气道内的压力D.手术操作压迫肺组织所产生的压力E.胸膜腔负压消失后所产生的肺回缩压力（）56、绞窄性肠梗阻是指MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.机械因素因素的肠梗阻B.肠壁血供障碍的肠梗阻C.肠壁肿瘤引起的肠梗阻D.肠内容物通过受阻E.肠壁肌功能紊乱引起的肠梗阻（）57、"微小肝癌"指癌肿直径不大于MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.1cmB.2cmC.4cmD.5cmE.10cm（）58、肝硬化门脉高压症的临床表现是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.脾大和功能亢进B.腹水C.食管胃底静脉曲张D.呕血E.以上都对（）59、心脏压塞的常见症状不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.中心静脉压增高B.心律失常C.血压下降D.心音遥远E.颈静脉怒张（）60、妇科手术最易损伤的器官是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.肾B.输尿管C.结肠D.尿道E.直肠（）61、膀胱肿瘤最常见的临床表现是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.镜下血尿B.腰骶部疼痛C.尿频、尿急、尿痛D.间歇性肉眼血尿E.排尿困难和尿潴留（）62、属巴比妥类的静脉麻醉药是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.硫喷妥钠B.咪达唑仑C.羟丁酸钠D.依托咪酯E.丙泊酚（）63、手术后腹胀主要原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.细菌代谢产生的气体增多B.血液内的气体弥散到肠腔内C.肠道功能受抑制D.关腹后气体受热膨胀E.吞咽的气体增多（）64、缩窄性心包炎的手术治疗时机是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.确诊后即手术B.用抗结核药物治疗半年及血沉正常后手术C.待肝功能恢复正常后手术D.用利尿药，等胸腔积液、腹水消失后手术E.感染控制后手术（）65、妊娠合并巨幼红细胞性贫血的主要治疗措施为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.加强营养，多吃水果蔬菜B.补充铁剂C.补充叶酸或维生素BD.补充蛋白E.少量多次输血（）66、单纯性肾病和肾炎性肾病的主要区别是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.肾功能B.大量蛋白尿C.低蛋白血症程度D.血胆固醇量E.水肿程度（）67、10～20kg体重小儿手术期间每小时正常维持量(ml)是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.kg×4B.kg×2C.kg+40D.kg×4+20E.kg×2+20（）68、误吸后不必要的处理是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.激素治疗B.呼吸兴奋剂C.支气管冲洗D.PEEP通气E.右侧卧头低脚高位（）69、下列情况属于"泵吸效应"的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.蒸发器内麻醉药随温度上升而输出浓度增加B.大气压降低使蒸发器输出浓度增加C.氧化亚氮可以使其他吸入麻醉药肺内浓度增加D.麻醉回路的气道负压使蒸发器输出浓度增加E.间歇正压机械通气时，蒸发器输出浓度增加（）70、继发性腹膜炎的腹痛特点是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.阵发性腹痛B.逐渐加重的阵发性腹痛C.剧烈持续性全腹痛，原发部位显著D.伴有高热E.疼痛与进食无关（）71、吸入恒定浓度的氧化亚氮，其被血液摄取的速率MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.恒定B.与浓度无关C.依赖于温度D.逐渐减少E.逐渐增加（）72、静脉麻醉诱导气管插管时，静注利多卡因抑制气管内插管所致的心血管反应的剂量为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.0.5mg/kgB.1mg/kgC.1.5mg/kgD.1.8mg/kgE.2mg/kg（）73、关于肌松药药效的叙述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.低温使非去极化肌松药的作用时效延长B.局麻药增强非去极化肌松药作用C.呼吸性酸中毒时肌松药作用增强D.氨茶碱对非去极化肌松药有抵抗E.低钾血症可减弱非去极化肌松药的作用（）74、子宫颈癌扩大根治术要求阻滞平面达到MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.TB.TC.TD.TE.T（）75、经鼻气管插管的特有并发症是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.气管导管误入食管B.插管反应C.呼吸道损伤D.导管折屈E.上颌窦炎（）76、提示全肺功能未明显受损的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.最大通气量低于预计值的49%B.残气量超过肺总量的49%C.弥散功能降低49%D.第一秒时间肺活量大于2LE.第一秒时间肺活量低于肺活量的49%（）77、营养不良的人硫喷妥钠静脉诱导易过量主要的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.血浆白蛋白减少B.体内脂肪量减少C.体重减轻D.心肺功能差E.血容量减少（）78、房颤对循环功能的干扰主要为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.减少心室充盈B.影响心肌血流C.增加心脏做功D.干扰心室收缩E.影响血液回心（）79、肺气肿病人应用吸入麻醉时可表现为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.诱导快、苏醒快B.诱导慢、苏醒快C.诱导快、苏醒慢D.诱导苏醒均慢E.诱导苏醒均无变化（）80、麻醉中降低外周血管阻力更有利于MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.房间隔缺损B.二尖瓣狭窄C.二尖瓣关闭不全D.法洛四联症E.室间隔缺损（）81、药物间药代学相互作用不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.影响吸收B.影响药物对靶位的作用C.影响分布D.影响药物代谢E.影响排泄（）82、［HCO］/PaCO是决定血液pH的两个最重要的因素，其正常比值为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.15：1B.20：1C.25：1D.30：1E.35：1（）83、急性肺水肿病人，提高SpO最有效的机械通气治疗是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.PEEP或CPAPB.IPPVC.SIMVD.IRVE.提高FiO（）84、为能较好反映心脏温度，探头应放置在MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.食管开口处B.食管的上1/3C.食管正中D.食管的下1/3E.贲门上方（）85、体外循环心内直视手术中，ACT的维持范围一般是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.100～150秒B.150～250秒C.250～300秒D.300～400秒E.>480秒（）86、气管导管的套囊内压不超过MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.15mmHgB.20mmHgC.25mmHgD.30mmHgE.35mmHg（）87、低氧血症伴高二氧化碳血症的慢性呼吸衰竭患者适宜的鼻吸氧气浓度为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.25%～30%B.35%～40%C.40%～50%D.50%～60%E.60%～80%（）88、危重病人肠外营养要求每日热量为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.5～10kcal/kgB.10～20kcal/kgC.20～30kcal/kgD.30～40kcal/kgE.40～50kcal/kg（）89、急性失血时，机体的早期代偿反应，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.心率加快B.外周血管收缩C.抗利尿激素和醛固酮分泌增加D.细胞内液移向血管内E.组织间液移向血管内（）90、肝功能障碍时容易出血的主要原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.肝素产生增多B.凝血因子产生减少C.酶的灭活作用减弱D.静脉血管压力增加E.侧支循环代偿性增加（）91、有关肩周炎的叙述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.50岁以上女性多发B.无自愈倾向C.发病与肩部慢性劳损有关D.为肩关节周围软组织的无菌性炎症E.主要表现为肩关节的疼痛与功能障碍（）92、多系统和（或）多器官衰竭最常见的发生顺序是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.胃肠、肺、肾、心B.脑、肺、肾、血液C.肺、肾、心、脑D.肝、肾、胃肠、肺E.肾、心、胃肠、肺（）93、新生儿窒息的母体因素包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.早产B.分娩期用药C.胎粪吸入D.多胎E.先天性畸形（）94、增加FiO仍不能提高PaO或肺泡．动脉氧分压差明显增加时应考虑MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.ARDSB.肺水肿C.呼吸道梗阻D.肺淤血E.血气胸（）95、不是与肥胖相关的技术困难有MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.静脉穿刺困难B.面罩加压通气困难C.气管插管困难D.血压低不易测出E.神经阻滞困难（）96、患者，男，44岁，急性胆囊炎，T行硬膜外隙阻滞，注入1.5%利多卡因15ml3分钟后，病人血压突然降为0，呼吸、心搏骤停，可能的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.局部麻醉药过敏B.局部麻醉药中毒C.全脊髓麻醉D.广泛硬膜外阻滞E.胆-心反射（）97、患者，男，36岁，哮喘持续状态1天，动脉血气分析pH7.18，PaCO70mmHg，PaO50mmHg,BE为+3mmol/L,HCO26mmol/L，其酸碱失常的类型是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.呼吸性酸中毒B.代谢性酸中毒C.呼吸性碱中毒并代谢性酸中毒D.呼吸性碱中毒E.代谢性碱中毒（）98、患者，女，44岁，胸外伤2小时，查体：心率110次／分，呼吸36次／分，血压84／62mmHg，左胸胀满，触到皮下气肿，气管向右侧移位，叩诊鼓音，左侧呼吸音消失，急救处理的方法是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.吸氧B.立即胸腔排气C.气管插管D.应用升压药E.输血抗休克（）99、患者，男，29岁，体重70kg，全身麻醉下行二尖瓣置换术。体外循环血液复温时，水、血温差不宜超过MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.4～5℃B.6～7℃C.8～10℃D.11～12℃E.13～14℃（）100、患者，女，46岁，全麻下行胃癌根治术，近期因风湿接受泼尼松8周，术中不明原因血压下降，心力增快达140次／分，表情淡漠，处理时应首先MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.加深麻醉B.静注氢化可的松C.静脉注射西地兰D.快速输液E.应用麻黄碱（）101、麻醉期间产妇死亡最常见的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.低血压B.局麻药中毒C.呼吸抑制D.大出血E.呕吐和误吸（）102、气管内插管时气道无效腔量的变化MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.减少约50%B.增加约50%C.减少约25%D.增加约25%E.无明显变化（）103、有关依托咪酯静脉麻醉的叙述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.起效快，病人可在一次臂一脑循环内入睡B.其效能约为硫喷妥钠的12倍C.常用诱导为剂量0.25～0.3mg/kgD.心血管系统稳定是突出优点E.持续静脉滴注可单独用于麻醉维持（）104、定位棘突的体表标志错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.两肩胛下角连线为T棘突B.颈部最大突起的棘突为CC.两肩胛冈内侧连线为T棘突D.两髂嵴最高点连线为L棘突E.髂后上棘连线为S骶椎（）105、麻醉期间低血压的常见原因不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.低血容量B.椎管内麻醉平面过高C.药物的作用D.镇痛不全E.手术机械压迫（）106、术中患者发生呕吐和反流时，正确的处理是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.立即进行辅助呼吸B.立即气管插管C.立即将病人置于头低足高位，并将头转向一侧，同时将反流物吸出D.立即予支气管解痉药及抗生素E.立即压迫环状软骨以防止胃内容物进一步进入咽部（）107、气管插管后病人呈难以解释的低氧血症，错误的措施是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.检查气管导管位置B.听诊呼吸音C.查看呼气末二氧化碳D.检查氧气源E.立即拔出气管导管，检查后重新置入（）108、判断循环血量最可靠的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.尿量及比重B.脉压C.脉搏D.中心静脉压E.病史（）109、呼吸过速是指呼吸频率超过MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.20次／分B.30次／分C.40次／分D.50次／分E.60次／分（）110、体位对呼吸生理的影响，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.从仰卧位转为俯卧位时，平均动、静态肺顺应性都降低B.清醒侧卧位，下肺血液量>上肺血液量而下肺通气量<上肺通气量C.直立位自主呼吸时，功能余气量和肺总量都增加D.全身麻醉侧卧位，正压通气时，上肺灌流比下肺差，但通气较好E.全身麻醉侧卧位时肺功能残气量无明显减少（）111、有关脑疝的叙述，错误的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.意识障碍逐渐加深B.患侧瞳孔散大C.患侧对光反射消失D.患侧肢体瘫痪E.血压升高、脉率变慢及呼吸减慢（）112、颅内压增高的患者，最危险的因素为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.未绝对卧床B.应用利尿药不规则C.没有高渗脱水D.腰椎穿刺放出脑脊液E.没有给予地塞米松（）113、脊柱侧弯畸形患者的呼吸功能障碍的特点是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.主要表现阻塞性呼吸障碍B.主要表现限制性呼吸障碍C.主要表现弥散功能障碍D.肺间质水肿引起肺内分流增加E.功能残气量增加（）114、TURP手术时麻醉平面应达到MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.TB.TC.TD.TE.T（）115、门静脉高压病人为减少手术麻醉危险性，术前血红蛋白应达到MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.60g/LB.80g/LC.90g/LD.100g/LE.120g/L（）116、肾功能不全的病人，最适宜的肌松药为MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.瑞库溴铵B.三碘季铵酚C.哌库溴铵D.琥珀胆碱E.阿曲库铵（）117、合并有呼吸系统疾病的病人术中出现支气管痉挛时，处理不恰当的是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.加深麻醉B.静脉给予β兴奋药C.静脉注射地塞米松D.改机械通气为手控通气E.积极吸痰（）118、可用于二、三度房室传导阻滞的药物是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.多巴胺B.去甲肾上腺素C.异丙肾上腺素D.肾上腺素E.麻黄碱（）119、腹腔镜手术时，人工气腹的影响不包括MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.肺顺应性增加B.呼气末CO分压不升高C.心排血量下降D.术后恶心呕吐发生率较高E.胃内压升高，有胃液反流趋向（）120、患者，女，30岁，腰麻下行卵巢囊肿剥除术，注药5分钟后，阻滞平面较高，脉搏由78次／分降至55次／分。心动过缓的原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.迷走神经反射性兴奋B.心交感神经抑制C.麻醉前用药用量过大D.低血压E.循环时间延长（）121、患者，男，67岁，硬膜外阻滞下经尿道行前列腺切除术。手术开始60分钟后，患者烦躁不安，轻度呼吸困难，血压升高，心率减慢。最可能原因是MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[上移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[下移]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[展开]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[替换]MACROBUTTONDoFieldClick[删除]A.心肌梗死B.手术出血较多C.血容量过多D.麻醉效果不佳E.体位不合适（）122、患者，男，48岁，胆囊炎、胆石症合并肝硬化，气管内麻醉下行胆囊切除术。术