2025年译林版八年级英语寒假复习 专题02 动词不定式（四大考点）

专题02动词不定式（四大考点）考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破考点一不定式作宾语考点一不定式作宾语①有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：wouldlike,like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。如：Wouldyouliketoseeafilmthisevening?你今晚想去看电影吗？②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如：IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.口诀动词希望学会想决心hope/wish/expect,learn,want,tend,decide/determine设法拒绝愿假装manage,refuse,care,pretend主动承诺选计划offer,promise,choose,plan请求同意来帮忙ask/beg,agree,help【考点再现】1．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Hedidn’tmean________herbirthday,butthatwouldmean________agiftatthelastminute.A．toforget;buying B．toforget;tobuy C．forgetting;tobuy D．forgetting;buying2．（24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期中）WetookabustotheWorldParkyesterday.Whenwearrived,wecouldn’twaitto________toenjoyourtrip.A．getitoff B．getoffit C．getiton D．getonit3．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Thefishlooks________.Ican’twait________it.A．good;totaste B．well;taste C．good;tasting D．well;tasting4．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）—Look!Herecomesthebus!—Takecare!TiandeLakeParkissuchawonderfulplacethatvisitorscan’twait_______whenthey_______.A．gettingoffit;reach B．togetoffit;arrive C．gettingitoff;getto D．togetitoff;arriveat考点二不定式作宾补考点二不定式作宾补(1)see类动词(不定式作宾补省to):巧记--让美克注意听听看看这块表有的感觉--let,make,notice,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel。例1.Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.（主动）他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。(2)ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allow/cause/encourage/expect/wish/force/invite/need/order/remind/teach/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer等动词后只接todo作宾补sbtodo……:例2.Ifweexpectpeopletogiveupthehabitofdriving，wemustgivethemanalternativetheycanrelyon.如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以依赖的选择。(3)besaid类动词：besaid/believed/reported/knowntodo类句型，可以转化为Itissaidthat…(4)think,consider,believe,suppose,feel,find,understand等后常用tobe作宾补或主补。例3.Chinesepeopleareconsideredtobethemosthard-workingpeopleintheworld.中国人被认为是世界上最勤劳的人民。【易错提醒】有些动词用带to的不定式作补足语，但使役动词（make,let,have等）与感官动词（watch,hear,feel,notice,see等）用于主动语态时，作其宾语补足语的不定式省略to；但当这些词用于被动语态时，to不能省略（let除外）。【考点再现】5．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）AmyhadabirthdaypartylastSaturdayandsheinvitedus________it.A．tojoin B．join C．tojoinin D．totakepart6．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Youshouldaskthechildren________withwaterinthegarden.It’sdangerous.A．nottoplay B．toplay C．notplay D．don’tplay7．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）Parentsshouldalwaystelltheirkids________themselvesincomputergames.A．nottolose B．notlosing C．tonotlose D．notlose8．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Thehugenoiselikebombsmadepeople________.A．runinalldirection B．toruninalldirections C．runinalldirections D．toruninalldirection考点三不定式作状语考点三不定式作状语(1)作目的状语不定式作目的状语可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。但用在句中表目的时前面不能用逗号，强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用inorderto/soasto＋动词原形，但soasto不用于句首。Tomakefriendseasily,youneedtobeverykind.要想很容易地交朋友，你需要友善。(2)作结果状语a．不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。Irushedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadalreadygone.我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。b．不定式作结果状语还常用于so...asto...,such...asto...,enoughto...,too...to...等结构中。Shewassolateastomisshalfofthelecture.她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。Sheissuchagoodteacherastoberespectedbyallherstudents.她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。Thehouseislargeenoughtoholdtwohundredpeople.这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。(3)作原因状语不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy,kind,surprised,frightened,shocked,glad,delighted,disappointed等。Theyweresurprisedtobeinformedofthenews.被告知这一消息他们感到吃惊。Shewasveryhappytohearthathersonhadbeenpromoted.得知儿子升职了，她很高兴。(4)动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable等后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.这本书很难懂。Thepictureispleasanttolookat.这张画很好看。【考点再现】9．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期中）—Swansalwaysflytogether________lost.

—Yes,andtheycanflyforalongtimewithoutarest.A．nottoget B．toget C．get D．notget10．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Mr.Liisananimal-lover.Hedoeshisbesttodoeverythinghecan________animals.A．hunting B．protecting C．toprotect D．tohunt11．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）MrBrownwastoobusy________forthecompetition________themeeting.A．toprepare;toattend B．toprepare;attendC．preparing;attending D．preparing;toattend12．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）—NowscientistsarestartingusingAItotalkwithanimalsintheirlanguages.—Sounds________tobetrue.Howdoesitwork?A．goodenough B．toogood C．easyenough D．tooeasy13．（24-25八年级上·江苏·课后作业）Danielisalwaysready________others________withtheirEnglish.A．helping;forneed B．tohelp;inneed C．tohelp;ofneed D．helping;onneed考点四不定式特殊用法考点四不定式特殊用法1.疑问词+不定式动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。【易错提醒】why不能用于“疑问词+不定式”结构。2.不定式的省略感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；在介词but,except表示“除了”之意的单词前，若有实义动词do，作宾语的不定式则省略to;若无do,则to不能省略。两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面的to可以省略；如果两个或多个不定式短语表示对比关系时，则保留to。4.下列句型常省略to：mayaswelldosth最好还是做……hadbetterdo最好做某事donothingbutdosth别无选择只好做某事can’thelpbutdosth.禁不住做某事Whynotdosth?何不做某事？prefertodo…ratherthandosth,宁愿做……而不愿做……wouldratherdo…thando…宁愿做……而不愿做……Iwatchedthegirlenterthehall.我看着那个小女孩走进了大厅。Thegirlwaswatchedtoenterthehall.Herefusestospendtimewithusordoaswetellhim.（并列关系，do前省略了to）他拒绝花时间和我们在一起，也拒绝照我们说的做。Theycamenottosaveus,buttoconquerus.（对比关系，不能省to）他们不是来救我们的，而是来征服我们的。3.不定式的主动形式表被动含义（1）不定式的主动形式①不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时Thatflyingbirdisimpossibletocatch.那只会飞的鸟是不可能被抓住的。②在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中,性质形容词如easy，hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant,comfortable，dangerous，impossible等。Heisnoteasytogetalongwith.他不易相处。Thebookisveryinterestingtoread.这本书读一读是很有趣的。③不定式与疑问代词连用时。Idon'tknowwhichtochoosebecausethereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。④某些动词不定式与be连用时，如toblame(责备)，toseek(寻找),tolet(出租)等。Heistoblameforthis.他因这件事该受责备。Theanswerisnothardtoseek.答案不难寻找。（2）不定式的被动形式①当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,一般要用被动语态。Alotofgraduatesasktobesenttoworkwheretheyaremostneededeveryyear.每年都有毕业生要求被派往最需要他们的地方工作。②不定式的被动语态一般式通常表示将来的动作。Thetopictobediscussedtomorrowisaboutclimatechange明天要讨论的主题是关于气候变化的。③不定式的被动语态完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。Thenovelissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages.这部小说据说被翻译成了种语言。【考点再现】14．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Don’tletyourself________byhissweetwords.Hedoes________thehabitofsayingbadwordsbehindpeople.A．fooled;have B．befooled;have C．fooled;has D．befooled;has15．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—MayDayholidayiscoming.Whichcityareyougoingtovisit?—Oh,Ihaven’tdecided________.A．wheretogo B．howtovisitit C．whattoread D．whotoask16．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）—Canyoutellme________tojointheDIYClub?—ScantheQRcode(扫二维码)andthenfillintheformofpersonalinformationonyourphone.A．when B．what C．why D．how17．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Thismachineisveryeasy________.Hundredsofworkers________forthisinthepasttwomonths.A．tooperate;havebeentrained B．tooperate;weretrainedC．tobeoperated;havebeentrained D．tobeoperated;weretrained18．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）—IwanttoreadBlackBeauty,butIdon’tknow_________thebook.—Well,youcantryourschoollibraryorCityLibrary.A．wheretofind B．whentofinish C．howtofind D．whytoread19．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）—Haveyoudecided________toBeijing?—Yes,byplane.IthasaspecialofferinJuly.A．whentogo B．howtogo C．withwhotogo D．wheretogo20．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）Thestudentsweresohappybecausetheteacheragreed________themtothemuseum.A．take B．totake C．taking D．took21．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）—Tom,itiswrong________yourhomeworkbyyourself.Copyingmakesonelazyandstupid.—Sorry,Iwon’t.A．todo B．don’tdo C．notdo D．nottodo22．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）Mr.Wangspendsalotofmoneyonanewhouse.Hecan’tafford________anewcar.A．buy B．tobuy C．buying D．bought23．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·开学考试）Idecide________athomeontheNewYear’sEve.A．stay B．staying C．stayed D．tostay24．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Whenthebusstopped,hecouldn’twait________offthebus.A．getting B．get C．toget D．got25．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）—________doyoureadEnglish?—Everytwodays.IttakesmoretimetoreadEnglishthan________Chinese.A．Howoften,reading B．Howoften,toread C．Howsoon,reading D．Howlong,toread26．（24-25八年级上·江苏连云港·阶段练习）—Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhereIcanbuysomething________?—Thereisasupermarketahead.A．eat B．eating C．toeat D．ate27．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）Ioftenforget_______thewindows,butIremembered_______themwhenIleftyesterday.A．closing,close B．toclose,closeC．closing,toclose D．toclose,closing28．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Mr.Wuoftenadvisesus______bothsidesofthepaper.A．use B．uses C．using D．touse29．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—MissFangalwaystellsus________toomuchinclass.—Ofcourse.Weshouldlistentotheteachercarefullywhenhavinglessons.A．nottotalk B．don’ttalk C．doesn’ttalk D．nottalk30．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—Wouldyoupleasetellme_______usethiscamera?—Noproblem,butyou’dbetterreadtheinstructionsfirst.A．howto B．whatto C．whatcanI D．howcanI31．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）—Mr.Wuhasrecommendedmanybooks.Haveyoudecided________first?—Yes.Theoldmanandsea.A．howtoread B．whichtoread C．wheretoread D．whentoread32．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）—Grandma,doyouremember________theclassicalChineseplayADreamofRedMansions?—Yes,Kitty.WewillwatchitinJiangsuCentreforthePerformingArt.A．whentowatch B．howtowatchC．wheretowatch D．whichtowatch33．（23-24八年级下·江苏徐州·期中）—AmywillgotoShanghaifortheMayDayholiday.Howaboutyou,Sandy?—Sorry,Ihaven’tdecided________.A．howtogo B．wheretogo C．whentogo D．whotogowith34．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期中）Gulliverdidn’tunderstandwhatthetinypeoplesaid,sohedidn’tknowhow________them.A．willcommunicatewith B．tocommunicatewithC．communicatedwith D．communicatingwith35．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）Wefound________noteasy________fiftyEnglishwordsinoneday.A．itis,toremember B．it,toremember C．that,remember D．thatwas,toremember真题感知36．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期中）—Ihaven’tdecided________myholiday.—Whataboutplacesofnaturalbeauty?A．whentospend B．wheretospend C．howtospend D．whotospend37．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—Iamworryingabout________toLily’sbirthdayparty?—YoucanaskJackforhelp.Heknowsalotaboutstylesandcolours.A．wheretogo B．whentogo C．whattowear D．howtoget38．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）—Whyareyoulookingupset?—Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Thismathsproblemis________.A．sohardformetounderstandit B．toohardformetounderstandC．toohardformetounderstandit D．sohardformetounderstand39．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）WeplantogoonatripduringMayDayholiday,butwehaven’tdecided________.A．wheretogo B．howtogo C．whentogo D．whotogo40．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）—Doyouknow________forhelpwhenweareintrouble?—Ofcourse.Ourteachersandparents.A．whentoask B．wheretosay C．howtosay D．whotoask41．（23-24八年级下·江苏镇江·期中）—Haveyouheardof“SORA”recently?—Yes.Itcanchangethewordsintovideosveryquickly.Wecandiscuss________.A．whattouse B．whichtouse C．howtouseit D．wheretouse42．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________themuseum?—Sorry,I’mnewhere.Youmayaskthepoliceman.A．wheretoarrive B．howtogetto C．whentogetto D．whytoreach43．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）LittleTomwantstoknow________aroundtheworldinsuchashorttime.A．howtotravel B．whentotravel C．wheretotravel D．whytotravel44．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期中）—ThegiantpandaFuBao________toChinafromKoreaweeksago.—Really?Couldyoutellme________her?A．returned;whattovisit B．hasreturned;whentovisitC．returned;wheretovisit D．hasreturned;howtovisit45．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）Theyalwaystrytheirbest________theirdaughter________.A．make,tolaugh B．tomake,laugh C．making,tolaugh D．makes,laugh46．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）—Mr.Ling,thearticleisdifficulttounderstand.—Pleaseremember________itthreeorfourtimes.A．read B．reads C．toread D．reading47．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）IntheNameofPeopleis________thatlotsofpeoplecan’twait________thebook.A．quiteagreatwork;reading B．suchgreatwork;toreadC．sogreatawork;reading D．suchagreatwork;toread48．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）—I’mgoingtocookfishfordinner.Canyoutellme________?—OK.A．whattodo B．howtodo C．whattodoit D．howtodoit49．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）—JackwillgotoDalianforhissummerholidays.Howaboutyou?—Sorry,Ihaven’tdecided________．A．whotogo B．howtogo C．whentogo D．wheretogo50．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）—Haveyoudecided________,lady?—Sorry,Ihaven’tdecidedyet.A．tobuywhichone B．buywhichone C．whichtobuyone D．whichonetobuy51．（22-23八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Mr.Wuhasrecommendedmanyinterestingbooks.I’mthinkingabout________first.A．howtoread B．whentoread C．whichtoread D．wheretoread52．（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）Safetyisimportanttoallofus.Westudentsshouldlearn________ourselvesindailylife.A．whentohelp B．howtoprotect C．wheretoenjoy D．whattogive53．（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期末）Whenyougotoaforeigncountryforthefirsttime,youmaynotknow________.Butsoonyou’llgetusedtothelifethere.A．whytogothere B．whotocareaboutC．howtoaskforhelp D．whattodoathome54．（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期末）—I’vecollectedalltheinformationabouttheproject.Canyoutellme________?—BeforenextFriday.A．whattowriteaboutinthereportB．howtowritethereportC．wheretosearchforinformationD．whentohandinthereport55．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）—Whichtiedoyoulikebest,sir?—Sorry,Ican’tdecide________.A．whichonetobuy B．tobuywhichoneC．buywhichone D．whichtobuyone56．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Oneofthesesmallmenbegantalkingtome,butIdidn’tknow__________.A．whentosay B．whattosay C．howtosay D．whattosayit57．（23-24八年级下·江苏常州·期末）—Lookattherubbish.It’scareless________you________ithere.—Sorry.Iwillpickituprightaway.A．for,toleave B．of,toleave C．for;leaving D．of;leaving58．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—BeforetheexamsIoftenfeelquiteworriedandIdon’tknow__________forhelp.—Amy,yourbestfriend.A．whattoask B．whentoaskC．whotoask D．howtoask59．（23-24八年级下·江苏宿迁·期末）Itwasnecessary__________thesevolunteers__________trainingbeforedoingthetasks.A．of;toreceive B．of;receive C．for;toreceive D．for;receive60．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Therealfactisthatmanycustomers(顾客)justdon’tknowwho__________solveproblemswithhousequalities.A．tocomplaintoto B．tocomplainto C．tocomplain D．complained提升专练61．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Thefiremanwasbadlyburntinthebigfire,anditbroughtthedoctorsgreatdifficulty__________him.A．tooperate B．tooperateon C．operating D．operatingon62．（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—DidJacktellyou________toreachtheShanghaiArtMuseum?—Yes.Hesaidwewouldmeetthereat9a.m.A．what B．how C．where D．when63．（24-25八年级上·江苏·课后作业）Afterthenaturaldisaster,weshoulddoeverythingwecan________thepeopleindanger.A．protect B．protecting C．toprotect D．protected64．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·开学考试）—It’ssocold.Let’sstop________intheopenair.—Whynotmakeafire________uswarm?Ihopetostayherealittlelonger.A．chatting;keep B．chatting;tokeep C．tochat;keep D．tochat;tokeep65．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期中）Ittookmethreehours________acardformymother.A．tofinishmake B．finishingmaking C．tofinishmaking D．finishingtomake66．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期中）—Thedoctoraskedme________toomuchbecauseit’sbadformyhealth.—That’sright.Thelessyoudrink,________youwillbe.A．don’tdrink;thehealthier B．nottodrink;themorehealthierC．nottodrink;thehealthier D．don’tdrink;themorehealthier67．（23-24八年级上·江苏连云港·期中）Theyoftenhadagoodtime________ballgamesbefore.Butnowtheyhavenotime________after-schoolactivities.A．playing;doing B．toplay;doing C．toplay;todo D．playing;todo68．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Everyone________timewaitsfornoman,butsomestudentsstillspendaplayingcomputergames.A．seemknow B．seemsknow C．seemstoknow D．seemtoknow69．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期中）Panzhihuaisthefirstcity________theschemetoencouragebirth.________thescheme,familieswithtwoorthreechildrenreceiveamonthlychild-careallowanceofRMB500untilthechildisthreeyearsold.A．tobegin;In B．tobegin;Under C．beginning;In D．beginning;Under70．（24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期中）Weadvisestudents________booksonmobilephonesinordertoprotecttheireyes.A．nottoread B．notread C．toread D．reading71．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）________ourselvessafefromdanger,wemustwearhelmetswhenridingelectricbikes.A．Keep B．Kept C．Keeping D．Tokeep72．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）OurEnglishteacheradvisesus________more.A．topractisetospeak B．topractisespeaking C．practisingtospeak D．practisingspeaking73．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期中）It’sraininghard.You’dbetter________.A．notgoout B．nottogoout C．nottogoingout D．notgoingout74．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Ioftenadvisemystudents________toomuchsugarandhave________exercise.A．nothave,more B．don’thave,less C．nothave,less D．nottohave,more75．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—

________theDIY,hereadinstructionsfirst.—That’sagoodway.A．Complete B．Completing C．Completed D．Tocomplete76．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）—Thedoctoradvisedme________toomuchbecauseit’sbadformyhealth.—That’sright.Thelessyoudrink,________youwillbe.A．don’tdrink;thehealthier B．nottodrink;themorehealthierC．nottodrink;thehealthier D．don’tdrink;themorehealthier77．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）PresidentXiJinpingdeliversaNewYearaddressonSundayevening,Dec31,2023,inBeijing________2024.A．welcome B．welcoming C．welcomed D．towelcome78．（23-24八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）—Ioftenhearthem________theirtravelplanthesedays.—Oh,theycan’tdecidewhichcity________.A．todiscuss;tostart B．discuss;tostartwithC．todiscuss;start D．discuss;startwith79．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）ThomasAdamstried________somethingtotherubberthathejustputintohismouth,________thetastewouldgetbetter.A．toadd;tohope B．adding;tohope C．toadd;hoping D．adding;hoping80．（24-25八年级上·江苏苏州·期中）—Howlongdidittakethefirstclimber_________thetopofthemountain?—Atmosttwohours.It’scertainthatheisthebestatclimbingofall.A．arriving B．gettingto C．toarrivein D．toreach

专题02动词不定式（四大考点）考点聚焦：核心考点+小考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破考点一不定式作宾语考点一不定式作宾语①有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如：wouldlike,like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。如：Wouldyouliketoseeafilmthisevening?你今晚想去看电影吗？②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如：IfinditeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.口诀动词希望学会想决心hope/wish/expect,learn,want,tend,decide/determine设法拒绝愿假装manage,refuse,care,pretend主动承诺选计划offer,promise,choose,plan请求同意来帮忙ask/beg,agree,help【考点再现】1．（24-25八年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）Hedidn’tmean________herbirthday,butthatwouldmean________agiftatthelastminute.A．toforget;buying B．toforget;tobuy C．forgetting;tobuy D．forgetting;buying【答案】A【详解】句意：他不打算忘记她的生日，但这意味着在最后一刻买件礼物。考查动词短语的辨析。meantodosth.“打算做某事”；meandoingsth.“意味着做某事”。根据句意可知，第一空表达的意思为“他不打算忘记她的生日”，故填toforget；第二空表达“但这意味着在最后一刻买件礼物”，故填buying。故选A。2．（24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期中）WetookabustotheWorldParkyesterday.Whenwearrived,wecouldn’twaitto________toenjoyourtrip.A．getitoff B．getoffit C．getiton D．getonit【答案】B【详解】句意：昨天我们坐公共汽车去了世界公园。当我们到达时，我们迫不及待地想下车享受我们的旅行。考查动词词组辨析。getoff下车；geton上车。根据“WetookabustotheWorldParkyesterday.Whenwearrived,wecouldn’twaitto…toenjoyourtrip.”可知，此处指的是我们迫不及待地下车去享受旅行。couldn’twaittodosth“迫不及待去做某事”，固定短语，getoffit“下公交车”，符合语境。故选B。3．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期中）Thefishlooks________.Ican’twait________it.A．good;totaste B．well;taste C．good;tasting D．well;tasting【答案】A【详解】句意：这条鱼看起来不错，我迫不及待地想品尝它。考查感觉系动词和非谓语动词。good好的，形容词；well好地，副词；taste品尝，动词原形；tasting动名词或现在分词；totaste动词不定式。题干中look意为“看起来”，为感官系动词，后跟形容词，故第一空填good；can’twaittodosth.“迫不及待地想做某事”，故第二空填totaste。故选A。4．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）—Look!Herecomesthebus!—Takecare!TiandeLakeParkissuchawonderfulplacethatvisitorscan’twait_______whenthey_______.A．gettingoffit;reach B．togetoffit;arrive C．gettingitoff;getto D．togetitoff;arriveat【答案】B【详解】句意：——看！公共汽车来了！——当心！天德湖公园是一个如此美妙的地方，游客们到达时迫不及待地想下车。考查非谓语动词和动词及动词短语辨析。getoffit下车；getitoff把它拿掉；reach到达，后接地点；arrive到达，不及物动词；getto到达，后接地点；arriveat到达，后接小地点。第一空，考查can’twaittodosth.“迫不及待做某事”，所以填动词不定式短语，排除A、C选项；第二空，只有“arrive”符合，其它选项均需要后接地点。故选B。考点二不定式作宾补考点二不定式作宾补(1)see类动词(不定式作宾补省to):巧记--让美克注意听听看看这块表有的感觉--let,make,notice,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel。例1.Hemadehisworkerswork12hoursaday.（主动）他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。(2)ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allow/cause/encourage/expect/wish/force/invite/need/order/remind/teach/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer等动词后只接todo作宾补sbtodo……:例2.Ifweexpectpeopletogiveupthehabitofdriving，wemustgivethemanalternativetheycanrelyon.如果我们期望人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以依赖的选择。(3)besaid类动词：besaid/believed/reported/knowntodo类句型，可以转化为Itissaidthat…(4)think,consider,believe,suppose,feel,find,understand等后常用tobe作宾补或主补。例3.Chinesepeopleareconsideredtobethemosthard-workingpeopleintheworld.中国人被认为是世界上最勤劳的人民。【易错提醒】有些动词用带to的不定式作补足语，但使役动词（make,let,have等）与感官动词（watch,hear,feel,notice,see等）用于主动语态时，作其宾语补足语的不定式省略to；但当这些词用于被动语态时，to不能省略（let除外）。【考点再现】5．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期中）AmyhadabirthdaypartylastSaturdayandsheinvitedus________it.A．tojoin B．join C．tojoinin D．totakepart【答案】C【详解】句意：艾米上周六举办了一个生日派对，并邀请我们参加。考查非谓语动词及动词短语。join指加入某个团体或组织；joinin指参加某个小型活动；takepartin指参加活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。根据“Amyhadabirthdayparty”可知，此处是指邀请我们参加生日派对，用joinin；根据“invited”可知，invitesbtodosth“邀请某人做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。6．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Youshouldaskthechildren________withwaterinthegarden.It’sdangerous.A．nottoplay B．toplay C．notplay D．don’tplay【答案】A【详解】句意：你应该叫孩子们不要在花园里玩水。这是危险的。考查非谓语动词。asksb(not)todosth“让某人（不要）做某事”，根据“It’sdangerous.”可知，是危险的，所以不要做。故选A。7．（23-24八年级上·江苏南通·期末）Parentsshouldalwaystelltheirkids________themselvesincomputergames.A．nottolose B．notlosing C．tonotlose D．notlose【答案】A【详解】句意：父母应该经常告诉孩子不要沉迷于电脑游戏。考查非谓语动词。tellsb.nottodosth.“告诉某人不要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。8．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Thehugenoiselikebombsmadepeople________.A．runinalldirection B．toruninalldirections C．runinalldirections D．toruninalldirection【答案】C【详解】句意：炸弹般的巨大噪音使人们四散奔逃。考查非谓语动词及介词短语。makesbdosth表示“让某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾补，排除B、D，介词短语inalldirections表示“四面八方”。故选C。考点三不定式作状语考点三不定式作状语(1)作目的状语不定式作目的状语可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。但用在句中表目的时前面不能用逗号，强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用inorderto/soasto＋动词原形，但soasto不用于句首。Tomakefriendseasily,youneedtobeverykind.要想很容易地交朋友，你需要友善。(2)作结果状语a．不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。Irushedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadalreadygone.我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。b．不定式作结果状语还常用于so...asto...,such...asto...,enoughto...,too...to...等结构中。Shewassolateastomisshalfofthelecture.她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。Sheissuchagoodteacherastoberespectedbyallherstudents.她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。Thehouseislargeenoughtoholdtwohundredpeople.这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。(3)作原因状语不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy,kind,surprised,frightened,shocked,glad,delighted,disappointed等。Theyweresurprisedtobeinformedofthenews.被告知这一消息他们感到吃惊。Shewasveryhappytohearthathersonhadbeenpromoted.得知儿子升职了，她很高兴。(4)动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy,hard,difficult,pleasant,good,fit,comfortable等后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.这本书很难懂。Thepictureispleasanttolookat.这张画很好看。【考点再现】9．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期中）—Swansalwaysflytogether________lost.

—Yes,andtheycanflyforalongtimewithoutarest.A．nottoget B．toget C．get D．notget【答案】A【详解】句意：——天鹅总是一起飞，以免迷路。——是的，它们可以长时间飞行而不休息。考查动词不定式作目的状语。nottoget动词不定式的否定形式；toget动词不定式；get动词原形；notget不正确结构。根据“Swansalwaysflytogether…lost.”可知，getlost表示“变得迷路，迷失”，这里用不定式的否定形式来表达目的，nottogetlost表示“为了不迷路”。故填A。10．（23-24八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Mr.Liisananimal-lover.Hedoeshisbesttodoeverythinghecan________animals.A．hunting B．protecting C．toprotect D．tohunt【答案】C【详解】句意：李先生是个动物爱好者。他竭尽全力做他能做的一切来保护动物。考查非谓语动词及动词辨析。hunt打猎；protect保护。根据“Mr.Liisananimal-lover.”及语境可知，他做这些的目的是为了“保护动物”，所以用动词不定式todo作目的状语，故选C。11．（23-24八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）MrBrownwastoobusy________forthecompetition________themeeting.A．toprepare;toattend B．toprepare;attendC．preparing;attending D．preparing;toattend【答案】D【详解】句意：布朗先生忙于准备竞赛而不能参加会议。考查非谓语动词。bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事，故第一空用动名词；too...to太……不能……，第二空用动词不定式。故选D。12．（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期末）—NowscientistsarestartingusingAItotalkwithanimalsintheirlanguages.—Sounds________tobetrue.Howdoesitwork?A．goodenough B．toogood C．easyenough D．tooeasy【答案】B【详解】句意：——现在，科学家们开始使用人工智能用动物的语言与它们交谈。——听起来好得令人难以置信。它是如何工作的？考查语法。根据too...to...表示“太……而不能”，结合句意可知，此处意为“听起来好得令人难以置信”，故选B。13．（24-25八年级上·江苏·课后作业）Danielisalwaysready________others________withtheirEnglish.A．helping;forneed B．tohelp;inneed C．tohelp;ofneed D．helping;onneed【答案】B【详解】句意：丹尼尔总是乐于帮助有需要的人学习英语。考查非谓语动词以及介词短语。bereadytodosth“乐于做某事”，第一空填动词不定式。inneed“有需要的”，介词短语，故选B。考点四不定式特殊用法考点四不定式特殊用法1.疑问词+不定式动词不定式可以与疑问代词who,whom,what,which,whose及疑问副词when,where,how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语等。【易错提醒】why不能用于“疑问词+不定式”结构。2.不定式的省略感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；在介词but,except表示“除了”之意的单词前，若有实义动词do，作宾语的不定式则省略to;若无do,则to不能省略。两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面的to可以省略；如果两个或多个不定式短语表示对比关系时，则保留to。4.下列句型常省略to：mayaswelldosth最好还是做……hadbetterdo最好做某事donothingbutdosth别无选择只好做某事can’thelpbutdosth.禁不住做某事Whynotdosth?何不做某事？prefertodo…ratherthandosth,宁愿做……而不愿做……wouldratherdo…thando…宁愿做……而不愿做……Iwatchedthegirlenterthehall.我看着那个小女孩走进了大厅。Thegirlwaswatchedtoenterthehall.Herefusestospendtimewithusordoaswetellhim.（并列关系，do前省略了to）他拒绝花时间和我们在一起，也拒绝照我们说的做。Theycamenottosaveus,buttoconquerus.（对比关系，不能省to）他们不是来救我们的，而是来征服我们的。3.不定式的主动形式表被动含义（1）不定式的主动形式①不定式作定语与被修饰名词构成动宾关系时Thatflyingbirdisimpossibletocatch.那只会飞的鸟是不可能被抓住的。②在“be+性质形容词+不定式”结构中,性质形容词如easy，hard,difficult,safe,interesting,heavy,pleasant,comfortable，dangerous，impossible等。Heisnoteasytogetalongwith.他不易相处。Thebookisveryinterestingtoread.这本书读一读是很有趣的。③不定式与疑问代词连用时。Idon'tknowwhichtochoosebecausethereisn’tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.两者之间毫无差别,所以我真不知道该选哪个。④某些动词不定式与be连用时，如toblame(责备)，t