【名师伴你行】2022届高考英语一轮复习课时作业：必修一-Unit-4-Earthquakes

课时作业(四)Unit4EarthquakesⅠ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.It________(report)thatBinLadewasshotbyAmericansoldiers.2.It's________(use)toarguewiththefoolishperson.3.Seeingthe________(frighten)scene，theboybegantocry.4.Everyone________(shock)thathehadbeencaught.5.IamsorrytohearthatYaoMing________(injure)oneofhisfeetagain.6.Thegirlisan________(extreme)popularstudentintheclass，becausesheisverykind.7.The________(mine)wasrescuedafterbeingtrappedfor170hours.8.Marywillneverforgetthe________(suffer)causedbythecaraccident.9.Alargeamountofrainforestisbeing________(destroy)everyday.10.IknowthatAmerican________(nation)Dayis4thJuly.答案：1.isreported2.useless3.frightening4.wasshocked5.injured6.extremely7.miner8.suffering9.destroyed10.NationalⅡ.完成句子1.However，someofthetextshavetoomany____________________(对我们而言难以理解的新词汇)．Therefore，I'dliketosuggestchangingthemintoeasierones.2.Desperately____________________(认真于)theinterestingTVprogram，Ididn'thearthedoorbellringing.3.____________________(依据他从前的经受推断)，hehasmanyadvantagesoverothercandidates.4.Onarrivingthere，we____________________(庆贺他)onhissuccess.5.It'swrongofyouto____________________(在树下躲避)inthestorm.6.Ididn'tpersuadethemtodotheexperimentinthatway，youknow，they____________________(不把……当回事)mysuggestion.7.—Weneedanimmediatereply.—Isee.I'llsendthepapertoyou____________________(马上)．8.I____________________(被困在)theheavyrainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.答案：1.newwordsandexpressionswhicharehardforus2.buriedin/buryingmyselfin3.Judgingby/fromhispreviousexperience4.offeredourcongratulationstohim5.takeshelterunderthetree6.thoughtlittleof7.rightaway/rightnow/atonce8.wastrappedinⅢ.阅读理解(2022·重庆卷)Iwasneververyneat，whilemyroommateKatewasextremelyorganized.Eachofherobjectshaditsplace，butminealwayshidsomewhere.Sheevenlabeled(贴标签)everything.Ialwayslookedforeverything.Overtime，KategotneaterandIgotmessier.Shewouldpushmydirtyclothingover，andIwouldlaymybooksonhertidydesk.Webothgottiredofeachother.Warbrokeoutoneevening.Katecameintotheroom.Soon，Iheardherscreaming，“Takeyourshoesaway！Whyundermybed！”Deafened，Isawmyshoesflyingatme.Ijumpedtomyfeetandstartedyelling.Sheyelledbacklouder.Theroomwasfilledwithanger.Wecouldnothavestayedtogetherforasingleminutebutforaphonecall.Kateansweredit.Fromherendoftheconversation，Icouldtellrightawayhergrandmawasseriouslyill.Whenshehungup，shequicklycrawled(爬)underhercovers，sobbing.Obviously，thatwassomethingsheshouldnotgothroughalone.Allofasudden，awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.Slowly，Icollectedthepencils，tookbackthebooks，mademybed，cleanedthesocksandsweptthefloor，evenonherside.IgotsointomyworkthatIevendidn'tnoticeKatehadsatup.Shewaswatching，hertearsdriedandherexpressiononeofdisbelief.Then，shereachedoutherhandstograspmine.Ilookedupintohereyes.Shesmiledatme，“Thanks.”KateandIstayedroommatesfortherestoftheyear.Wedidn'talwaysagree，butwelearnedthekeytolivingtogether：givingin，cleaningupandholdingon.语篇导读：本文为夹叙夹议文。“我”和凯特是室友，但却有不同的共性。她宠爱洁净、洁净，而“我”却是个邋遢的人，东西总是处处乱扔。一天晚上，战斗最终爆发了，但是在凯特接到一个电话后，我们却都变得更加包涵对方，并且悟出了相处(融洽)的关键所在。这到底是怎么回事呢？1.WhatmadeKatesoangryoneevening？A．Shecouldn'tfindherbooks.B．Sheheardtheauthorshoutingloud.C．Shegotthenewsthathergrandmawasill.D．Shesawtheauthor'sshoesbeneathherbed.答案：D解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Takeyourshoesaway！Whyundermybed！”可以得知，凯特那天晚上生气是由于作者把鞋子放在了她的床下。A项意为“她找不到自己的书了”，文章并未提及；B项意为“她听到作者大喊大叫”，双方爆发战斗后才相互朝对方大喊，这并不是凯特生气的缘由，而是彼此生气的表现；C项意为“她得知自己的奶奶病了”，这是凯特接到的电话的内容，而不是她生气的缘由。2.Theauthortidieduptheroommostprobablybecause________.A．shewasscaredbyKate'sangerB．shehatedherselfforbeingsomessyC．shewantedtoshowhercareD．shewasaskedbyKatetodoso答案：C解析：推理推断题。依据第三段作者从电话中得知，凯特的奶奶病了，凯特盖上被子难过地哭泣。由本段最终两句可看出，作者认为自己应当和凯特一起面对，心里越来越怜悯凯特。凯特是个爱洁净的人，而且在此之前由于作者把鞋子乱放在她的床下而生气，所以作者主动去打扫房间，想以此来表达自己对凯特的关怀。3.HowisParagraph1mainlydeveloped？A．Byanalyzingcauses.B．Byshowingdifferences.C．Bydescribingaprocess.D．Byfollowingtimeorder.答案：B解析：结构理解题。概括第一段可看出，本段主要运用了对比的手法，通过介绍两个人对物品的存放等事项来说明“我”与凯特的不同之处，故B项正确。A项“分析缘由”；C项“描述过程”；D项“依据时间挨次”。4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthestory？A．MyFriendKateB．HardWorkPaysOffC．HowtoBeOrganizedD．LearningtoBeRoommates答案：D解析：主旨大意题。作者与凯特有不同的共性，一个特殊邋遢，一个爱洁净，但是通过一件事却使双方都明白了相处的关键所在。由此可知D项正确。文章并非重点介绍凯特其人，故A项错误；B项意为“努力会获得回报”；C项意为“如何做一个有条理的人”，都偏离了文章主题。Ⅳ.阅读填空IsDietingOKforKids？Youmayknowsomeadultsandkidswhoworryabouttheirweightandsaythey'regoingonadiet.Youmightwonderifyoushouldbeonadiet,too.__1__Why?Let'sfindout.DietingtoLoseWeight__2__Whensomeonedietstoloseweight,thepersonistryingtoeatfewercaloriesthanthebodyconsumes.Bydoingthis,thepersonmaylosebodyfatanddecreasehisorherweight.Likewise，ifapersoneatsmorecaloriesthanthebodyconsumes,thepersonmaygainweight.Kidsusuallydonotneedtodietinthisway.__3__Duringthistime，kidsneedavarietyofhealthyfoodstokeeptheirbodiesgrowingproperly.Somekidsareoverweight，butevenoverweightkidsoftencanimprovetheirhealthsimplybyeatingnutritiousfoodsandbeingmoreactive.__4__Butkidsmayhurttheirhealthevenmorebydoingsomethingdrastic(极端的),likeskippingmealsordecidingtoeatonlyfruits.WhoNeedstoDiet？Thoughsomepeoplemayfeeltheyweightoomuchortoolittle,thereisnoperfectbodyshape.Somepeoplehavelargerframesandwillalwayslookbiggerandheavierthanpeoplewithsmallerframes.__5__Yourdoctorcanexamineyouandcheckyourbodymassindex(身体质量指数).That'sawayofestimatinghowmuchbodyfatyouhave.Ifthedoctorisconcernedaboutyourweight,heorshecanrecommendacoupleofgoals：foryoutogainweightataslowerpaceforyoutomaintainyourcurrentweightForsomekids,thedoctormayrecommendlosingsomeweight,butthisshouldbedonewiththedoctor'shelp.Kidswhoneedtoloseweightmayvisit(闲谈)withadietitianwhocanexplainhowtoreducecaloriessafelywhilestillgettingallthenecessarynutrients.A．Itisimportanttoformagoodeatinghabit.B．Allfoodsandmanydrinkscontaincalories.C．Beingoverweightcancausehealthproblems.D．Noteatingproperlycanbeveryharmfultokids.E.Unlikeadults,kidsarestillgrowinganddeveloping.F.Talktoyourdoctorifyouhavequestionsaboutyourweight.G.Butmostkidsdonotneedto—andshouldnot—dietthisway.语篇导读：很多孩子以为自己太胖需要减肥，经常不吃早餐或者只吃水果。其实，大多数孩子没有必要节食。假如认为自己的体重有问题，你应当询问医生，依据医生的建议去做。1.答案：G解析：依据第一段的前两句：一些成年人和孩子担忧自己的体重，说他们要节食。你或许想知道自己是否也需要节食。再依据空后的“Why？”以及下文的内容可推知本空填G“但是多数孩子不需要也不应当这样节食”。2.答案：B解析：依据空后的“当有人节食减肥时，这个人会试着摄人少于身体所需的卡路里量”可知，本空应当提到了饮食中包含卡路里，因此填B。3.答案：E解析：结合上下文“孩子通常不需要这样节食”，“他们需要各种各样的健康食品来使身体健康成长”可推知本空填E，意为：与成人不同，孩子仍处于成长发育阶段。4.答案：C解析：下句既是转折，又是意思上的递进。因此本空应填C。“超重可能会引起健康问题，但是假如孩子做—些极端的事情，例如不吃饭或只吃水果，这样对他们的健康造成的损害会更大”。5.答案：F解析：依据下句“医生可以为你做检查，核实你的身体质量指数”可知本空填F，假如你有关于体重方面的疑问，你可以与你的医生交谈。Ⅴ.语法填空(2022·全国新课标卷Ⅱ)Onemorning，Iwaswaitingatthebusstop，worriedabout__1__(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop，__2__someofthemlookedveryanxiousand__3__(disappoint)．Whenthebusfinallycame，weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext__4__thewindow，soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike__5__(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver，butherefused__6__(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still，theboykept__7__(ride)．Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally，whenwecametothenextstop，theboyranuptothedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked，“__8__anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop？”Awomanonthebusshouted，“Ohdear！It's__9__(I)．”Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully.Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddone，andthecrowdofstrangers__10__(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要叙述了有一次乘车的时候，很多乘客都格外焦虑、绝望地等待。当汽车来了并且前行的时候，一个骑车的男孩儿在后面追着汽车，并且大声地叫嚷，但是司机没有停车。直到到了下一站，男孩儿最终追上来，和司机交谈之后，人们才知道刚才有人丢失了手提箱，他是来给失主送箱子的。人们都被这个孩子的行为感动了。1.答案：being解析：考查非谓语动词之动名词。空格前面是介词about，后面的动词应使用v.­ing形式，因此应填being。2.答案：and解析：考查前后句的语意规律关系。结合前后句可知，此处是并列关系，故填并列连词and。3.答案：disappointed解析：考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。本句的主语是someofthem，此处and连接两个并列成分，再结合前面的形容词anxious可知，此处也应当填一个形容词。故此处用disappointed表示他们中有些人感到绝望。4.答案：to解析：考查固定短语中的介词。此处是一个固定短语nextto，意为“挨着”。5.答案：caught解析：考查时态。结合上下文的时态，全文以一般过去时为主，同时分析句意“一个骑自行车的男孩儿吸引了我的留意”可知，应填caught。6.答案：tostop解析：考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。refuse后接动词作宾语时，要用其不定式形式，即refusetodosth.“拒绝做某事”。7.答案：riding解析：考查非谓语动词之动名词。依据空格前面的kept可知，此处是keepdoingsth.结构，意为“连续做某事”。故后面应使用v.­ing形式，因此需将ride变成riding。8.答案：Did解析：考查一般疑问句式的使用。分析语境，此处指司机问“有人在上一站丢失手提箱吗？”。这是一个问句，同时丢失东西的动作已经发生，应用一般过去时，因此填did。留意首字母要大写。9.答案：me/mine解析：考查代词。此题答案不唯一，要依据语境认真揣摩。此处的It假如指前面的suitcase的话，那么此空需要使用名词性物主代词mine，表示“那个箱子是我的”；假如指前面的anyone的话，那么此空需要用I的宾格形式me，表示“是我在上一站丢失了手提箱”。10.答案：suddenly解析：考查词性转换之形容词变为副词。由空格后面的动词became可知，此处应用sudden的副词形式来修饰动词，因此填suddenly。Ⅵ.短文改错(2021·东北三校二模)Yesterday，LiMeigoestoastoretoreturnashirtwithoutcarryingthereceipt(收据)．Whenshegotthere，sherefused.Thesalesmansaidthathewouldn'ttakeitbackifsheshowedhimtherec