山东省师范大学附属中学2025届高三英语打靶题含解析

PAGEPAGE25山东省师范高校附属中学2025届高三英语打靶题（含解析）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThefollowingpropertieswhichtheWorldHeritageCommittee（世界遗产委员会）hasdecidedtoincludeontheListofWorldHeritageareunderthreat.CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley（Afghanistan）TheculturallandscapeandarchaeologicalremainsoftheBamiyanValleystandfortheartisticandreligiousdevelopmentswhichfromthe1sttothe13thcenturiescharacterizedancientBakhtria.TheareacontainsanumberofBuddhistmonasticensembles,aswellasstrongbuildingsfromtheIslamicperiod.HistoricCentreofVienna（Austria）ViennadevelopedfromearlyCelticandRomansettlementsintoaMedievalandBaroquecity,thecapitaloftheAustro-HungarianEmpire.ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre,fromthegreatageofVienneseClassicismthroughtheearlypartofthe20thcentury.ThehistoriccentreofViennaisrichinarchitecturalbuildings,includingBaroquecastlesandgardens,aswellasthelate-19th-centuryRingstrasselinedwithgrandbuildings,monumentsandparks.OkapiWildlifeReserve（DemocraticRepublicoftheCongo）TheOkapiWildlifeReserveoccupiesaboutone-fifthoftheIturiforestinthenorth-eastoftheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo.TheCongoriverbasin,ofwhichthereserveandforestareapart,isoneofthelargestdrainagesystemsinAfrica.Thereservecontainsthreatenedspeciesofprimatesandbirdssurvivinginthewild.Italsohassomeamazingscenery,includingwaterfallsontheIturiandEpulurivers.ThereserveisinhabitedbytraditionalnomadicpygmyMbutiandEfehunters.1.WhichofthefollowingheritagesitesislocatedinAsia?A.OkapiWildlifeReserveB.HistoricCentreofVienna.C.TheAustro-HungarianEmpire.D.CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley.2.WhomaygetinterestedinHistoricCentreofVienna?A.Musiccomposers.B.Birdsresearchers.C.Modembuildinglovers.D.NaturalSceneryPhotographer.3.Whatdothethreeworldheritagesiteshaveincommon?A.Theyareallindanger.B.Theyareclosedtothepublic.C.Theyfeaturelotsofancientbuildings.D.TheyaretoberemovedfromtheWorldHeritageList.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】本文为应用文。主要介绍了三个处于危急之中的世界遗产。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一个小标题里的Afghanistan(阿富汗)可知，CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley是位于阿富汗的世界遗产，依据常识可知，阿富汗是亚洲国家。我们也可以用解除法A项OkapiWildlifeReserve，原文中TheCongoriverbasin,ofwhichthereserveandforestareapart,isoneofthelargestdrainagesystemsinAfrica.我们可知是位于非洲，可以解除。B项通过ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre可知是在欧洲，可以解除。C项ViennadevelopedfromearlyCelticandRomansettlementsintoaMedievalandBaroquecity,thecapitaloftheAustro-HungarianEmpire我们也可以推断出是在欧洲，可以解除。故此题选D。【2题详解】推理推断题。依据其次个小标题下ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre(作为欧洲领先的音乐中心，维也纳发挥了重要作用)我们可以推断出维也纳在欧洲音乐史上特别重要，所以对于宠爱音乐的人来说会特别有吸引力。那么A项Musiccomposers(音乐作曲家)满意这一推断。故此题选A。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一自然段ThefollowingpropertieswhichtheWorldHeritageCommitteehasdecidedtoincludeontheListofWorldHeritageareunderthreat.(世界遗产委员会确定将其列入世界遗产名单的下列遗产正处于威逼之中)可知，本文所介绍的三个世界遗产都处于危急当中。那么A项Theyareallindanger.(他们都处于危急中)满意推断。故此题选A。BThe"cloudwar"istakingplaceasthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger.ChinesecompaniessuchasAlibaba,BaiduandHuaweiareexpandingwithintheircountryandgainingcustomersinothercountries.Theyarecreatingdatacentersinmultiplecountriesandtryingtoselldatamanagementservicesthroughouttheworld.Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts.Theyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofdata.Afterall,companiesoftenusethecloudtostoreimportant,confidentialinformationandtooperatesuchactivitiesasdata-drivenmachinery,telecommunications,bankingandtransportsystems—includingplansfordriverlessvehicles.LeeBranstetterisanassociateprofessorofeconomicsattheHeinzSchoolofPolicyandManagementoftheCarnegieMellonUniversity.Hetoldmanymulti-nationalcompanies"haveseriousconcernsabouttheprotectionoftheirintellectualproperty（学问产权）."Branstettersaidsomeoftheselargecompaniesalreadybelievetheyhavelostvaluableinformation.SheilaJasanoffisthedirectoroftheprogramonscience,technologyandsocietyatHarvard'sKennedySchool.Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned."People（inthebusiness）aremakingrulesastheygoalongortakingadvantageofthelackofrules,"Jasanoffsaid.Shesaidcloudcomputingcompaniesarenotclearaboutwhatsecuritymeasurestheyarepromisingcustomers.Sheisworriedthatamajoraccidentmayhappenbeforegovernmentsrealizetheneedforstrongerrulesinthecloudcomputingindustry.Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge.Butshedoesnotbelieveaninternationalagreementwillbereachedanytimesoon.4.Whatdoesthe"cloudwar"referto?A.Thewarupinthesky.B.Somekindofcoldwar.C.TheChina-USrelationship.D.Thecompetitiononthe"cloud".5.WhatconcernssomeexpertsaccordingtoParagraph2?AInformationsecurity.B.Warsamongcountries.CThestorageof“cloud”.D.Thelackoftechnology.6.WhichofthefollowingmaybeconsistentwithJasanoff'sopinion?A.Amajoraccidentisboundtotakeplacesoon.B.Anagreementistobereachedinthenearfuture.C.Thecloudindustryneedsguidingandmonitoring.D.Governmentshavekeptaneyeoncloudindustry.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.China'sRiseorNotB.NewWar,NewChallengeC.ChancesonCloudInformationD.GrowthofCloudComputingIndustry【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过讲解并描述中美之间关于网络平安和黑客间的争端提出了我们在云计算领域面对的挑战【4题详解】词义揣测题。依据文章第一段asthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger（随着美国和中国之间关于数据黑客和计算机网络平安的争辩越来越激烈）可知，此处的cloudwar是中美之间关于数据黑客和计算机网络平安之间的争辩，并非真正的斗争。同时在文章其次段提到Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts（云计算和存储领域日益激烈的竞争带来了新的挑战）可知，中美之间的斗争是关于“云计算和储存领域”。综合分析，故选D项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts.Theyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofdata（云计算和存储领域的竞争日益激烈，这给一些专家带来了新的挑战。他们担忧数据的平安）可知，专家们担忧的是数据平安即信息平安。故选A项。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据文章倒数其次段Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned（她称云计算行业“难以驾驭”。换句话说，这个行业没有得到严格的管理）和文章倒数最终一段Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge（她认为应当有国际公认的规则来应对新的挑战）可知，Jasanoff认为云计算行业须要得到严格的管理和制定规则来指导。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。依据作者在文章第一段提到The"cloudwar"istakingplaceasthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger（“云斗争”正在发生之际，美国和中国之间关于数据黑客和计算机网络平安的争端愈演愈烈）和其次段第一句Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts（云计算和存储领域的竞争日益激烈，这给一些专家带来了新的挑战）可知，中美之间在数据黑客和计算机网络平安日益激烈的争端给一些专家带来了新的挑战。同时在依据文章倒数其次段Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned（称云计算行业“难以驾驭”。换句话说，这个行业没有得到严格的管理）和文章倒数最终一段Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge（她认为应当有国际公认的规则来应对新的挑战）可知，云计算行业须要制定规则监督和指导。经过综合分析，本篇主要通过讲解并描述中美之间的争端，提出了我们在云计算领域面对的挑战。故选B项。CRecentyearshavewitnessedthegrowthofluxury(奢侈品)brands.It'sclearthatanewgenerationofyoung,materialisticpeopleisincreasinglyrelyingonluxurybrandstoimproveitsself-image.Iamafashionistatoo,atleastinspirit—Ilovetolookatclothesandshoes.ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.What'sinterestingisthatscientistshavefoundthathavingluxurythingsdoesn'tleadtohappiness.Studyafterstudyhasshownthatalthoughwewantmaterialthings,whenwegetthemwedon'tsuddenlybecome"happy"people.Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things"arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco-founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.Thesepeople,successfulpeople,havestyle.Youdon'thavetobreakthebanktosendamessageaboutwhoyouare.Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.8.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsluxuryconsumption?A.Favorable. B.Negative. C.Positive. D.Unconcerned.9.What'sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Materialthingscan'tbringaboutjoy. B.Experiencessinkintopersonality.C.It'sbettertoinvestinexperiences. D.Others'preferenceisofimportance.10.WhyareSteveJobsandMarkZuckerbergmentionedinthetext?A.Tohonorthetwosuccesses. B.Toadvocatetheirexperience.C.Tosupporttheauthor'sargument. D.Toinspireyoungpeople'sambition.11.Whatistheunderlinedsentenceintendedtoexpress?A.Domindyourfinancialsecurity. B.Dotrytomakemoremoney.C.Don'trobabankforluxuries. D.Don'tspendmuchonyourimage【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明白科学家发觉拥有奢侈品并不能带来华蜜。一项又一项探讨表明，尽管我们想要物质上的东西，但当我们得到它们时，我们不会突然变得“欢乐”。事实上，一系列的探讨表明，那些把钱花在旅行和类似经验上的人比那些花在物质上的人获得更多的欢乐。作者对通过外表来表达自己的人的建议是：创建一个不受设计师标签束缚的外观。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.可知但是我不明白为什么人们会花许多钱在名牌上。一个年轻女人花了她两个月的工资买了一个手提包，这是一件可怕的事情。由此可推知，作者不支持奢侈品消费。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段中Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things"arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.可知事实上，一系列的探讨表明，那些把钱花在旅行和类似经验上的人比那些花在物质上的人获得更多的欢乐。这是因为经验更简洁融入一个人的身份。假如我去云南旅行，这次冒险会影响我对将来的想法。我的记忆成为我的一部分。此外，正如VanBoven所视察到的，通过“事物”来追求华蜜的年轻人不太受同龄人的宠爱。人们更宠爱那些通过经验来追求华蜜的人。由此可知，第四段的主旨是最好是投资阅历。故选C。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第五段中It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco-founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.可知想通过外表来表达自己是很自然的。所以我的建议是:创建一个不受设计师标签束缚的外观。传达你自己的信息。从已故的苹果联合创始人SteveJobs身上吸取一些教训吧。他总是穿着李维斯牛仔裤和黑色高领毛衣。Facebook创始人MarkZuckerberg常常穿着帽衫和运动鞋亮相。由此可推知，文章中提到SteveJobs和MarkZuckerberg是为了支持作者的论点。故选C。【11题详解】句意揣测题。依据其次段中Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.可知一个年轻女人花了她两个月的工资买了一个手提包，这是一件可怕的事情。以及结合后文Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.可知去旅行吧。到外面的世界去。然后再回来，自信地打造你自己的标记性造型。结合文章主要内容是在强调不要太在意自己的形象，拥有奢侈品并不能带来华蜜，强调要多去经验才能获得更多的欢乐。由此可推知，划线句子的意思是“不要在你的形象上花费太多”。故选D。DMorethan40%oftheinsectsarounduscouldbecomeextinctinnextfewdecades.Simultaneously,thepopulationoftheadaptableandgeneralspecieslikethatofhouseflies,cockroachesandfleasislikelytobloom.Althoughsomespeciesofinsectsarevectors(带菌者)ofseriousdiseases,orothersdestroycrop,butaworldwithoutinsectsisinconceivable.Theirimportanceininterconnectedecosystemsandfoodchainscanneverbeundermined.Insectshaveessentialrolesinterrestrialandfreshwaterecosystemsasherbivores,carnivoresanddecomposers.Thereare17timesasmanyinsectsashumans,andthesenumbersareessentialforproperfunctioningofallecosystems.Insectsareresponsibleforpollinatingaround75%ofthecropsintheworldandalsoserveasfoodforothercreatures.Theyreplenishsoilsandkeepthenumberofpestsincheck.Theprimarycauseofthisextinctionislossofhabitat.Beitthegrasslandsorwetlands,everythingisvanishinginman'squesttowardsintensiveagricultureandurbanization.Anothercauseofthisdeclineistheexcessiveuseofpesticides,fertilizersandintroducedinvasivespecies.Asifthiswasn'tenough,climatechangeandpollutionofallsortshavealreadystartedworseningtheirlives.Climatechangemayalsocauseemergenceofnewpestsandothervector-borneinsects.ThebiggestthreatofInsectArmageddoncomesfromGermany,where75%ofinsectpopulationhavedeclinedinjust30yearsandfromPuertoRico,wheredueto2degreeriseintemperature,therehasbeen60folddeclineininvertebrate(无脊椎的)populationsincethe1970s.However,thefactthatinsectsgettingextinctisaglobalcrisisisundisputed.Buttheneatthingaboutinsectsis,weallcandoourbittosavethem.Weallcanmaintainpesticide-freekitchengardensandorganicfarms.Wecanplantflowersandtreesandinvitethemtonestagain.Maybethistragedywouldhaveneverariseninthefirstplaceandyouwouldnothavetoreadthisarticle,iftheworldhadstoppedusingallkindsofpesticidesimmediatelyafterRachelCarsonhadpublishedtheSilentSpring.Conservingtheinsectbiodiversityisnotourresponsibility.Itisanecessitybecauseiftheygo,sowillwe.12.Whycan'twestandaworldwithoutinsects?A.Fortheirpartsinglobalecology.B.Fortheirlongerhistorythanhumans'.C.Fortheirshockinglylargepopulation.D.Fortheappearanceofnewinsectspecies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'"undisputed"inParagraph7mean?A.Possible. B.DoubtlessC.Exact D.Flexible.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybestexplaintheextinctionofinsectspecies?A.Climatechange.B.Humanactivities.C.Theabuseofchemicals.D.Theagriculture.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Callingonustodosomethingtosaveinsects.B.Introducingtheurgentsituationinsectsarefacing.C.Presentinguswaystohandletheglobalcrises.D.Treatingdifferentlybeneficialandharmfulinsects.【答案】12.A13.B14.B15.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。昆虫在生态系统和食物链中扮演着重要角色，但是超过40%的昆虫在将来几十年可能灭亡，文章分析了其缘由并呼吁我们爱护昆虫物种。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Theirimportanceininterconnectedecosystemsandfoodchainscanneverbeundermined.(它们在互联生态系统和食物链中的作用不能被低估。)”可知，昆虫在全球生态中扮演重要的角色，所以我们无法承受一个没有昆虫的世界。故选A项。【13题详解】词义揣测题。依据第七段其次句“但是关于昆虫的一个好事是，我们可以尽我们的一点力气来挽救它们”，由此可推知前一句“However,thefactthatinsectsgettingextinctisaglobalcrisisisundisputed.”的意思是“然而，昆虫正在灭亡的事实是毫无疑问的”，所以“undisputed”的意思是“无疑的，的确的”。故选B项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段“Theprimarycauseofthisextinctionislossofhabitat.Beitthegrasslandsorwetlands,everythingisvanishinginman'squesttowardsintensiveagricultureandurbanization.(灭亡的首要缘由是栖息地的丢失。无论是草地或湿地，一切都在人类对集约型农业和城市化的探究中正在消逝。)”可知，昆虫物种的灭亡是由于人类活动。故选B项。【15题详解】推理推断题。通读全文内容并结合文章最终一句“Conservingtheinsectbiodiversityisnotourresponsibility.Itisanecessitybecauseiftheygo,sowillwe.(爱护昆虫生物多样性不是我们的责任。它是一件必须要做的事，因为假如它们不在了，我也会一样。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们为挽救昆虫尽一点力气。故选A项。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Alittlebatteryputsoutalittlebitofelectricity,soyoucanuseitsafelyforyourexperiments.Buttheelectricitythatcomesthroughthewiresinyourhouseorschoolismuchmorepowerful.___16___.Insidethewallswhereyouliveorstudy,therearebigwiresthatcarryelectricity.Whenyoupluginalightorradioorotherelectricalappliance,youareputtingthelightorradiointhepathwayoftheelectricity.Youhaveheardadultswarn,“___17___，‘Nowdoyouknowwhy?Ifyoudid,youwouldbecomepartoftheelectricalpathway.___18___Theelectricalcurrentcomingthroughthewirestothewallplugissostrongthatitwouldhurtalotifyoustuckyourfingerintheplug.Putyourfingerinthereanditcouldbeyou,ratherthanthelightbulb,thatbecomespartoftheelectricalpathway.Andthatwouldhurt!Whatifyouheldapieceofmetal,likeaforkorknife,andstuckitintothewallplug?Don'tdoit.Why?It'sbecausemetalsalsoconductelectricity.___19___Don'ttouchanyelectricalappliancewhenyouarewet.Canyouthinkwhy?It'sbecausewaterisagoodconductorofelectricity.Whenyourhandsarewetorwhenyourbodyisinabathtubfullofwater,theelectricitycouldflowrightthroughyouandgiveyouanawfulshock,orevenkillyou.Electricityisveryusefulbutitcanbedangerous.___20___Ifso,electricitycanbetterserveyou,insteadofhurtingyou.A.Lifeisprecious!B.Sostayawayfromwires.C.Becareful,besafeandbesmart.D.Andyouwouldgetaterribleshock!E.Don'tstickyourfingerintothewallplug.F.Therefore,keepinmindsomesafetyrules.G.Yourbodyisaprettygoodconductorofelectricity.【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.D20.C【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了电在日常生活中会对人造成危害的几个状况及其缘由。【16题详解】结合前文Alittlebatteryputsoutalittlebitofelectricity,soyoucanuseitsafelyforyourexperiments.Buttheelectricitythatcomesthroughthewiresinyourhouseorschoolismuchmorepowerful.一个小电池会放出一点点电，所以你可以平安地运用它来进行试验。但是通过家里或学校里的电线的电可能要强大得多。可知，家里的电路运用须要平安操作。F.Therefore,keepinmindsomesafetyrules.因此，请记住一些平安规则。符合此处语境。故选F项。【17题详解】结合前文Whenyoupluginalightorradioorotherelectricalappliance,youareputtingthelightorradiointhepathwayoftheelectricity.当你插上电灯、收音机或其他电器时，就是在把电灯或收音机插在电路上。及后文Nowdoyouknowwhy?Ifyoudid,youwouldbecomepartoftheelectricalpathway.你知道为什么吗？假如你这样做了，你就会成为电路的一部分。可知，假如插入插座孔，就会成为电路的一部分。E.Don'tstickyourfingerintothewallplug.别把你的手指伸进墙上的插头。符合此处语境。故选E项。【18题详解】结合后文Putyourfingerinthereanditcouldbeyou,ratherthanthelightbulb,thatbecomespartoftheelectricalpathway.把你的手指放在那里，可能是你，而不是灯泡，成为电路的一部分。G.Yourbodyisaprettygoodconductorofelectricity.你的身体是很好的导电体。符合此处描述，身体和灯泡一样都是很好的导电体。故选G项。【19题详解】结合前文Theelectricalcurrentcomingthroughthewirestothewallplugissostrongthatitwouldhurtalot电流通过电线传到墙上的插头，假如你把手指插在插头上会很疼。及前文It'sbecausemetalsalsoconductelectricity.因为金属也导电。可知，金属和人体一样也会导电，电击会使人感到难受。假如将叉子插入插座孔，人也会受到电击。.D.Andyouwouldgetaterribleshock!你会受到可怕的电击！故选D项。【20题详解】结合后文Ifso,electricitycanbetterserveyou,insteadofhurtingyou.假如是这样的话，电可以更好地为你服务，而不是损害你。C.Becareful,besafeandbesmart.当心，平安，聪慧。提示平安用电的诀窍。故选C项。其次部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whatisatruewinner?Wemaybevery___21___ofHondaMotors.In1938,SoichiroHondawasstillinschool,whenhestartedalittleworkshop.Hisplanwastosellpistonrings（活塞环）toToyota.He___22___nightandday,believinghecould___23___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.Then,camethedayhetookasampletoToyota,___24___tobetoldthattheringsdidnot___25___theirstandards!However,herefusedtogiveup.___26___focusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.Aftertwomoreyearsof___27___,hewonacontractwithToyota.Bythen,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.Againhewouldnot___28___!Heinventeda___29___processthatenabledhimtobuildthefactory.But____30____,anearthquakedestroyedthefactory.Washe____31____togiveupnow?No!SoichiroHondawroteto18,000bicyclesshopownersandaskedthemtohelphim.5,000respondedand____32____himwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.____33____graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,____34____it,andmadeadjustments____35____acontinuousbasis.21.A.envious B.familiar C.aware D.fond22.A.thought B.prayed C.slept D.labored23.A.perfect B.start C.win D.admire24.A.only B.still C.even D.simply25.A.meet B.improve C.update D.apply26.A.Inorderto B.Orelse C.Otherthan D.Ratherthan27.A.silence B.explanation C.service D.struggle28.A.agree B.suffer C.quit D.return29.A.abnormal B.special C.responsible D.specific30.A.eventually B.unfortunately C.surprisingly D.definitely31.A.unwilling B.honest C.ready D.hopeful32.A.begged B.promoted C.refused D.advanced33.A.Or B.Otherwise C.And D.Yet34.A.thoughtabout B.actedon C.reflectedon D.joinedin35.A.on B.in C.at D.with【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A25.A26.D27.D28.C29.B30.B31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述本田宗一郎如何遇到困难绝不放弃，努力克服重重困难最终获得胜利。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们可能对本田宗一郎是特别熟识的。A.envious艳羡的；B.familiar熟识的；C.aware意识到的；D.fond宠爱的。由前一句“Whatisatruewinner?”可知，什么是真正的获胜者？由此可见，本句是对前一句“什么是真正的获胜者”的回答，表达的是一种获胜者是谁的语境。选项familiar，熟识的，符合语境。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他日夜工作，信任他能使他的设计完备，而且生产出一个有价值的产品。A.thought认为；B.prayed祈祷；C.slept睡觉；D.labored劳动，工作。由本句中的“believinghecould___3___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.”可知，他信任他能使他的设计变得完备，并且生产出一个有价值的产品。由此可见，要使设计完备和生产出一个有价值的产品，须要他日夜的劳作。选项D.labored劳动，工作，符合语境。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他日夜工作，信任他能使他的设计完备，而且生产出一个有价值的产品。A.perfect使完备；B.start起先；C.win获胜；D.admire敬佩。由本句中的and可知，and的后半部分“produceaworthyproduct.”表示的是生产一个有价值的产品和前半部分“___3___hisdesign”是并列关系。由此可见，“___3___hisdesign”应当表示的也是一种好的语境。选项A.perfect使完备，符合语境。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，他带着样品去丰田的这天到来了，却被告知这个活塞环不符合他们的标准！A.only却，不料；B.still仍旧；C.even甚至；D.simply简洁地。由前一句“He___2___nightandday,believinghecould___3___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.”和本句的后半部分“theringsdidnot___5___theirstandards!”可知，他日夜工作，信任他能使他的设计完备，而且生产出一个有价值的产品。这个活塞环不符合他们的标准。这个超出他的意料。onlytodo表示出乎意料的结果。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他带着样品去丰田的这天到来了，却被告知这个活塞环不符合他们的标准！A.meet符合，满意；B.improve提高；C.update更新；D.apply申请，应用。由第三段的第一句“However,herefusedtogiveup.”中的however可知，本句和“Then,camethedayhetookasampletoToyota,___4___tobetoldthattheringsdidnot___5___theirstandards!”之间是转折关系。“However,herefusedtogiveup.”表达的是“但是他拒绝放弃”。由此可见，“theringsdidnot___5___theirstandards!”应当表达的是一种失败的语境，即这个活塞环是不符合他们标准的。选项A.meet符合，满意，符合语境。故选A。【26题详解】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他接着努力向他的目标前进而不是专注在他的失败上。A.Inorderto为了;B.Orelse否则，要不然；C.Otherthan除了，不同于；D.Ratherthan而不是。分析本句可知，“努力向他的目标前进”和“专注在他的失败”之间是对比关系。选项D.ratherthan而不是，表达的是对比关系，符合语境。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年多的奋斗努力之后，他获得了丰田的合同。A.silence缄默；B.explanation说明；C.service服务；D.struggle奋斗。由前一句“___6___focusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.”可知，他接着努力向他的目标前进而不是专注在他的失败上。由此可见，他接着的努力最终为他赢得了合同。选项D.struggle奋斗，和前一句的“working”相呼应，符合语境。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：再次他不想放弃！A.agree同意；B.suffer遭遇；C.quit放弃；D.return返回。由第三段的第一句“However,herefusedtogiveup.”可知，但是他拒绝放弃。由此可见，他再次不会放弃。选项C.quit放弃，和第三段的第一句中的“giveup”相呼应，符合语境。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他独创了一个能让他建立这个工厂的特别流程。A.abnormal异样的；B.special特别的；C.responsible负责的；D.specific特定的。由第三段的最终一句“Bythen,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.”可知，到那时，本田宗一郎须要建一个工厂去给丰田供应，但是建立材料供应不足。由此可见，本田宗一郎在建立工厂时遇到了材料不足的问题，针对这个问题，他独创特别的流程去建立工厂。选项B.special特别的，符合语境。故选B。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是不幸的是，一场地震摧毁了这个工厂。A.eventually最终；B.unfortunately不幸地；C.surprisingly惊人地；D.definitely肯定地。由本句的后半部分“anearthquakedestroyedthefactory”表示的是一场地震摧毁了这个工厂。这是一个不幸的事情。选项B.unfortunately不幸地，符合语境。故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他现在打算放弃吗？A.unwilling不情愿的；B.honest诚恳的；C.ready打算好的；D.hopeful有希望的。由第三段的第一句“However,herefusedtogiveup.”可知，但是，他拒绝放弃。由此可见，本句也是在表达他不想放弃的语境。选项C.ready打算好的，符合语境。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有5,000名店主给他答复，给他预付了他们能给的那点钱去建立他的小型自行车引擎。A.begged请求；B.promoted促进；C.refused拒绝；D.advanced预付。由后一句“___13___graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.”可知，慢慢地这个公司获得巨大的胜利。由此可见，本田宗一郎获得了5,000店主的微薄资助。选项D.advanced预付，符合语境。故选D。【33题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：并且慢慢地这个公司获得巨大的胜利。A.Or或者；B.Otherwise其他；C.And并且，和；D.Yet但是。分析本句可知，“graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.”表达的是“慢慢地这个公司获得巨大的胜利”，和前一句“5,000respondedand___12___himwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.”表达的“有5,000名店主给他答复，给他预付了他们能给的那点钱去建立他的小型自行车引擎。”，两者之间是并列关系。选项C.And并且，和，表达的是并列关系，符合语境。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：因为一个人做出了一个真实而又坚决的确定，然后付诸行动，并且在持续的基础上做出调整，所以本田胜利了。A.thoughtabout考虑；B.actedon行动；C.reflectedon反省，回想；D.joinedin加入。由其次段其次句“Hisplanwastosellpistonrings（活塞环）toToyota.”和第三句“He___2___nightandday,believinghecould___3___hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.”表达的是他的支配是卖活塞环给丰田。他日夜工作，信任他能使他的设计完备，而且生产出一个有价值的产品。由此可见，本田做出确定，就会实际行动起来。选项B.actedon行动，符合语境。故选B。【35题详解】考查介词辨析。句意：因为一个人做出了一个真实而又坚决的确定，然后付诸行动，并且在持续努力的基础上做出调整，所以本田胜利了。A.on关于，在……之上；B.in在……之中；C.at在，处于……状态；D.with和，用。分析本句句意可知，onbasis是固定搭配，表达的是在……基础之上。表示在持续努力的基础上做出调整，所以本田胜利了。故选A。其次节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyoucomeacrossan85-year-oldwomanwalkingslowlywithawalkerintheChildren'sHospitalofSoochowUniversity,don'ttakeher___36___apatient.Insteadsheisadoctor,___37___stillinsistsonworkinginthehospital.ShengJinyun,bornin1935,afamousexpertinpediatricasthma(儿科哮喘)，___38___(treat)about30,000patientssufferingasthmasofar.Sheisknownas"the___39___(much)beautifulgrandmadoctor"byothers.However,shestillsees40patientseveryday.Shenghasalwaysstucktoherpostthoughshehadtwobones___40___(break)inafallamonthago.Sonowshecanonlywalkwiththehelpofawalker.Othersdon'tunderstandher.Intheireyes,she___41___(expect)toliveapeacefullifeinthisoldage.Butshewantstocuremore___42___(child).OneofSheng'smost___43___(impress)experienceshappenedinher50s.Shesaw146patientsfrom7:45amto9:45pmthatday,eatingnothingexceptsomemilk.Though___44___