新课标2024高考英语二轮复习专题练习13构词法

PAGEPAGE1专题练习十三构词法A(2024·河南项城高三段考)TheSilkRoadisinfact__1__relativelyrecentterm.Theseancientroadshadnoparticularnameuntilinthemid­nineteenthcentury;BaronFerdinandVonRichthofennamedthetradeandcommunicationnetworktheSilkRoad.Sincethentheterm__2__(accept)globally.Inthenineteenthcentury,anewtypeoftravelerssteppedontotheSilkRoad:archaeologistsandgeographers,enthusiasticexplorerswhowereeager__3__(look)foradventure.ResearcherswhocamefrommanycountriestraveledthroughtheTaklamakanDesert,__4__isnowinXinjiang,toexploreancientsitesalongtheSilkRoad,__5__(lead)tomanydiscoveriesandstudies,andmostofall,arenewedinterest__6__thehistoryoftheseroutes.Today,manyhistoric__7__(build)andmonumentsstillstand,markingthepassageoftheSilkRoadthroughhotels,portsandcities.What'smore,thelong­standinglegacy(遗产)ofthis__8__(remark)networkisreflectedinalargenumberofcultures,languages,customsandreligionsthathavedevelopedformanyyearsalongtheseroutes.Thepassageofmerchantsandtravelersofmanydifferentnationalitiesresultednotonlyincommercialexchange,__9__inawidespreadandcontinualprocessofculturalinteraction.__10__(obvious),ithasbecomeadrivingforceintheformation(形成)ofdiversesocieties.这是一篇说明文。主要讲解并描述丝绸之路的历史和它的现代意义。1．a解析：考查副词。句意：丝绸之路是一个相对近期的术语。term“术语”是可数名词，结合语境用单数，故填a。2．has_been_accepted解析：考查动词的时态和语态。由Sincethen可推断，句子用现在完成时，且主语theterm和accept之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填hasbeenaccepted。3．to_look解析：考查固定搭配。beeagertodosth.“渴望做某事”，是常用搭配，故填tolook。4．which解析：考查非限制性定语从句。“__4__isnowinXinjiang”作定语，先行词是theTaklamakanDesert，在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。5．leading解析：考查非谓语动词。“__5__(lead)tomanydiscoveriesandstudies”是状语，lead与其逻辑主语Researchers之间是主动关系，表示意料之内的结果用现在分词，故填leading。6．in解析：考查介词。interestin“对……的爱好”，是常用搭配。故填in。7．buildings解析：考查名词的单复数。many修饰可数名词复数，句意：今日，很多历史性的建筑和纪念碑仍旧耸立在那里。故填buildings。8．remarkable解析：考查形容词。修饰名词network用形容词作定语，remark“评论”是名词，形容词是remarkable“非凡的；卓越的”。故填remarkable。9．but解析：考查固定搭配。句意：很多不同民族的商人和旅行者的到来不仅带来了商业沟通，而且带来了广泛而持续的文化互动过程。notonly...but(also)．..“不仅……而且……”，是固定搭配，结合语境，故填but。10．Obviously解析：考查副词。obviously是状语，作状语用副词形式，置于句首单词首字母大写。故填Obviously。B(2024·四川省成都外国语学校月考)ForNigelPortman,aloveoftravellingbeganwithwhat'scalleda“gapyear”.IncommonwithmanyotherBritishteenagers,hechose__1__(take)ayearoutbeforesettlingdowntostudyforhisdegree.Afterdoingvarious__2__(job)toraisesomemoney,helefthometogainsomeexperienceoflifeindifferentcultures,visitingAmericaandAsia.Themoreadventurousayoungperson,the__3__(great)challengetheyarelikelytoset__4__(them)forthegapyear,andforsome,likeNigel,itcanresultinathirstforadventure.Nowthathisuniversitycourse__5__(come)toanend,Nigelisjustabouttoleaveonathree­yeartripthatwilltakehimrightaroundtheworld.What'smore,heplanstomakethewholejourney__6__(use)onlymeansoftransportwhicharepoweredbynaturalenergy.Inotherwords,he'llberelying__7__(main)onbicyclesandhisownlegs;andwhenthere'sanoceantocross,hewon'tbetakingashortcut(捷径)__8__flyingaboard—he'llbejoiningthecrewofasailingship,instead.Aswellasdoingsomemountainclimbingalong__9__way,Nigelhopestopassontothepeoplehemeetstheenvironmentalmessage__10__liesbehindthewholeidea.本文是一篇记叙文，讲解并描述的是NigelPortman的旅行。对NigelPortman来说，对旅行的酷爱始于所谓的“间隔年”。和很多其他英国青少年一样，他选择了一年的时间，然后才安定下来攻读学位。1．to_take解析：考查固定搭配。choosetodosth.选择做某事，故答案为totake。2．jobs解析：考查名词复数。依据various(各种各样的)可知后面用名词复数，故答案为jobs。3．greater解析：考查固定句式。句意：年轻人越喜爱冒险，他们就有可能在间隔年给自己设定更大的挑战。The＋比较级，the＋比较级，越……就越……。故答案为greater。4．themselves解析：考查反身代词。句意：年轻人越喜爱冒险，他们就有可能在间隔年给自己设定更大的挑战。结合句意可知此处用反身代词，故答案为themselves。5．has_come解析：考查时态。句意：高校课程已经结束了。句子用现在完成时态，句子主语是course，单数第三人称形式，故答案为hascome。6．using解析：考查现在分词。句意：他安排用自然能源驱动的交通工具来完成整个旅程。动词use和主语he之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故此处用现在分词作方式状语，故答案为using。7．mainly解析：考查副词。此处rely是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为mainly。8．by/through解析：考查固定结构。by/throughdoingsth.通过做某事，故答案为by/through。9．the解析：考查固定词组。句意：除了沿途爬山之外，Nigel还希望把他遇到的环境信息传递给人们，这是整个想法背后的缘由。alongtheway沿途，一路上，故答案为the。10．that/which解析：考查定语从句。此处message是先行词，指物，后面是定语从句，缺少主语，故答案为which/that。C(2024·福清华侨中学高三期中)Asasayinggoes,hewhodoesn'treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.TheGreatWallinChina__1__(impress)everyonewhoseesforthefirsttime__2__thegeneraltouriststoscholars.Thevastnessofthestructurehelpschildrengraspthegreat__3__(achieve)inhumanhistoryandcanhelpinspirethem__4__(learn)moreabouthumansuccessoveronethousandyears.__5__(construct)overaperiodof2,000years,thestonesolider__6__(actual)consistsofmanygreatwalls,someof__7__datebacktothefifthcenturyBC.ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang,__8__(order)theseearlierlongwallsectionslinkedandextendedwithwatchtowerstoprotectthenewempirefromnortherntribes.Succeedingemperorsanddynastiescontinuedtheconstruction,__9__(spread)westwardintotheGobideserttoguard__10__SilkRoad.Alltogether,thewallsmayhavestretchedmorethan30,000miles.文章讲解并描述了世界奇迹长城的起源、建设过程和深远影响。1．impresses解析：考查动词。此处指长城给每个第一次看到它的人留下深刻印象，与主语一样用第三人称单数，故填impresses。2．from解析：考查介词。此处表示从一般游客到学者，from...to...“从……到……”，故填from。3．achievements解析：考查名词。此处由great修饰，用名词，指宏大的成就。故填achievements。4．to_learn解析：考查动词不定式。inspiresb.todosth.激发某人做某事，故填tolearn。5．Constructed解析：考查过去分词。句中主语thestonesoldier和动词construct是被动关系，指被建立。此处是过去分词作状语，故填Constructed。6．actually解析：考查副词。此处修饰动词consist，用副词，指实际组成，故填actually。7．which解析：考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是walls，指物，放在介词of后用关系代词which，故填which。8．ordered解析：考查动词时态。依据ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang，可知是叙述秦始皇时期的事，指秦始皇吩咐把各段长城连接起来，用一般过去时。故填ordered。9．spreading解析：考查动词形式。此处指随后的皇帝和朝代接着建设长城，使它向西延长到戈壁沙漠。此处是现在分词作宾补，补充说明theconstruction。故填spreading。10．the解析：考查冠词。此处特指丝绸之路theSilkRoad，用定冠词the表特指，故填the。D(2024·安徽宿城一中高三质检)Tosupporttheactivityname“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Italktomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,saytheywouldnotdriveworkfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,astheypromised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,butweallfelthappily.LastFriday,theclassmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedourthoughtduringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesameviewwhichenvironmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.答案Tosupporttheactivityeq\o(name,\s\do10(named))“GreenTravel,StartwithMe”，Ieq\o(talk,\s\do10(talked))tomyparentsaboutmyideas.Theywereverysupportive,eq\o(say,\s\do10(saying))theywouldnotdriveeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))workfromthenon.Inthefollowingweeks,aseq\o(they,\s\do10(we))promised,Iwenttoschoolbybikeeveryday,whilemyparentswenttoworkbybus.Thoughweweretired,eq\o(but,＼)weallfelteq\o(happily,\s\do10(happy)).LastFriday,eq\o(the,\s\do10(a))classmeetingwasheld.Someparentswereinvited,includingmyfatherandmother.Wesharedoureq\o(thought,\s\do10(thoughts))duringthemeeting.Allofusheldthesamevieweq\o(which,\s\do10(that))environmentalprotectionissoimportantforourlife.E(2024·攀枝花市高三其次次统考)IamaGradeThreestudentinChina.IhopetogotoyouruniversitytolearnEnglishafterfinishmyhighschool.EnglishplayedanimportantpartinourdailylifebutIlikeitsomuchthatIwanttobeateacherofEnglish.IhavealittledifficultinEnglish.ButIwillstudyhardlytoimproveitifIhaveanopportunitygotoyouruniversity.Besides,Ilikeyourcitybecauseithasanenvironmentwhichdifferswithmycity.AndIwillmakemanyfriendandcommunicatefrequentlywithhim.I'dappreciateitifyoutakemyapplicationintotheconsideration.答案IamaGradeThreestudentinChina.IhopetogotoyouruniversitytolearnEnglishaftereq\o(finish,\s\do10(finishing))myhighschool.Englisheq\o(played,\s\do10(plays))animportantpartinourdailylifeeq\o(but,\s\do10(and))IlikeitsomuchthatIwanttobeateacherofEnglish.Ihavealittleeq\o(difficult,\s\do10(difficulty))inEnglish.ButIwillstudyeq\o(hardly,\s\do10(hard))toimproveitifIhaveanopportunityeq\o(∧,\s\do10(to))gotoyouruniversity.Besides,Ilikeyourcitybecauseithasanenvironmentwhichdifferseq\o(with,\s\do10(from))mycity.AndIwillmakemanyeq\o(friend,\s\do10(friends))andcommunicatefrequentlywitheq\o(him,\s\do10(them)).I'dappreciateitifyoutakemyapplicationintoeq\o(the,＼)consideration.F(2024·厦门双十中学高三期中)Ilikedcyclingverymuch.Atageoftwelve,myfatherboughtmeabikeasabirthdaygiftsandtaughtmehowtoride.Everytimemyfathertookhimoutforpractice,mylittlebrotherwouldcomealong.Oneday,wewerepracticingwhilesuddenlymybro