专题19 9BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析（江苏专用）

专题199BU3-牛津译林版初中英语第二学期单元知识点囊括及易错题分析单元话题RobotsReading重点词汇、词组和句型Grammar简单句和复杂句之间的转换（一）知识点囊括知识点囊括一、重点词组、句型complainvi.抱怨，投诉，发牢骚complaintosb向某人抱怨Ihavetocomplaintothemanageraboutit.对这件事我不得不向经理申诉。complainabout/ofsth抱怨某事Theynevercomplainedaboutworkingovertime.他们对加班加点从来不抱怨。complaint投诉，埋怨MrGreeniswritingacomplaintletter.haveproblems有问题haveproblems/difficulty/trouble(in)doingsth做某事有困难E.gIdidn’thaveanyproblemsfindingtheblem的常用搭配noproblem“没问题”【辨析】question/problemsound系动词，意为“听起来”Themusicsoundsgood.名词，意为“声音”Thesoundofmusicmadeherhappy.inanyway在任何方面insomeways在某些方面intheway挡路inthisway用这种方式onone’swayto去...的路上bytheway顺便说一下5、代词it,

one,

thatit和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物；而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如：

My

father

bought

me

a

pen

and

I

like

it

very

much.

我父亲给我买了一支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。(it替代the

pen，指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔)

This

dictionary

is

more

useful

than

that

(=the

one)I

bought

yesterday.

这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。(that替代the

dictionary，与前面的this

dictionary是同类)

one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the

one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”如：

Radios

are

useful

for

me

to

learn

English.

I’d

like

to

buy

one

.收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。(one替代a

radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台)

The

population

of

Scotland

was

eight

times

as

large

as

that

of

Cornwall.

苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the

population，不能用theone）busyadj.忙碌的【固定搭配】bebusywithsth忙于某事Iwasbusywithmychildren.我忙于照顾孩子。

2）bebusydoingsth忙于做某事Heisbusydoinghishomework.他正忙着做家庭作业。sothat

1）引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词或助动词如：Theygotupearlysothattheycouldcatchtheearlybus.引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在sothat前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以”。如：ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.

【拓展】so...that..

so＋形容词或副词＋that...引导结果状语从句。意思是“如此……以致于……”。如：WhenthefootballfanssawBeckham,theygotsoexcitedthattheycriedout.tidyup收拾妥，整理好tidyadj.整洁的，整齐的vt.收拾；整理Youshouldkeepyourroomtidy.Theytidiedthehousejustnow.Hebegantotidyuphisdeskandfinishofftheweek’swork.untidyadj.不整洁的anuntidydesk9、seemv.似乎，好像1）seem+adj.Sheseems(tobe)sad.2）seem+todosth感到好像...觉得似乎...Iseemtohaveacold.3）Itseems+that从句Itseemsthatitwillbeastormsoon.Itseemsasif...仿佛...asif从句所表示的情况大多数是不真实的Itseemsasifshewereinadream.10、little/alittle/few/afew1）1）few,afew用于可数名词，2）little,alittle用于不可数名词。3）afew,alittle表示肯定意思：有一些，有一点4）few,little表示否定意思：没有一些，没有一点如：HehasafewfriendsinBeijing.他有朋友Thereisalittleteaintheglass.杯里有茶HehasfewfriendsinBeijing.没有朋友Thereislittleteaintheglass.没有茶11、sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes1)sometimes的意思是“有时”，是副词。例如：

Sometimeshecomesbybikeandsometimesbybus.他有时骑车来，有时乘公共汽车来。

2）sometime也是副词，意思是“在某个时候”。可用于一般过去时与将来时。例如：

YoucanhandinyourhomeworksometimebeforeFriday.你可以在周五前某个时候交作业。

3）sometime是名词短语，它的意思是“一段时间”。例如：

I'llbeawayforsometime.我将离开一段时间。

4）sometimes也是一个名词短语，time在这里用作可数名词，意思是“次数”。

sometimes的意思是“几次”。例如：

IhavebeentotheGreatWallsometimes.我去过长城几次。12、nolonger/nomore1）nolonger中的longer是副词long的比较级，long有afteracertainpointoftime（在某一时刻以后）之意，着重表示时间的不再延续，意为"如今不再"。nolonger等于not...anylonger。

2）nomore中的more是many/much的比较级，more有again之意，着重表示数量或程度的减少，意为"再也没有更多（大）的数量（程度）"。nomore等于not...anymore。

3）nolonger修饰延续性动词，如teach,live,work等，表示动作不再延续；nomore修饰非延续性动词，如come,go,make(thesamemistake)等，表示动作不再次发生。13、considerv.认为，考虑n.consideration1）consider...as把...看做常用被动结构beconsideredas...“被认为/看做”consider...tobe把...看做Theawardisconsideredtobeagreathonor.Considerdoingsth考虑做某事differencen.差别，差异Canyouseeanydifferencesbetweenthesetwopictures？【固定搭配】makeadifference有影响，起（重要）作用Itmakesadifferencewhichyouchoose.bedifferentfrom与...不同Mycoatisdifferentfromhis.15、TherobotmadeMrJiang’slifemucheasier.修饰比较级的词的用法只用于修饰比较级：much，still，even既可修饰比较级又可修饰原级：alittle,abit,rather等表示前者在某方面远远超过对方时，通常采用far,byfar,alot等在否定句、疑问句、或条件状语从句中，修饰形容词、副词的比较级，只能用any16、...,therobotwoulddoallthehousework.此句中的woulddo为过去将来时过去将来时表示在过去某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时的其他表达方法还有was/weregoingto+动词原形Theteacheraskedyouwhenyouwouldfinishyourhomework.HenewthatIwasgoingtocome.17、...,hisflatwouldasgoodasnew,andadeliciousdinnerwouldbereadyforhim.asgoodas表示“与...一样好”，可视为as...as与good的自然搭配；若用作习语，则表示几乎，无异于如：Thematterisasgoodassettled.这件事等于解决了。Readyadj.有准备的常用结构bereadyforsth为某事做好准备bereadytodosth准备好做某事Getreadyforsth/todosth为（做）某事做好准备如：Everythingisreadyfortheparty.I’mreadytogo.18、Myrobotwillremindyoutotakethemattherighttime.remind用法归纳提醒remindsbtodosthremindsbof/aboutsth如：Pleaseremindmetocallhimback.Thephotoremindsmeofmychildhood.二、语法Grammar一、宾语从句改为简单句的方法1、宾语从句可改为动词不定式

当句子的谓语动词是hope,

decide,

wish,

choose,

agree,

promise（答应，许诺）等，其后由that引导宾语从句，并且从句的主语与主句的主语相同时，宾语从句可简化为动词不定式结构。如：

.

I

hope

that

I

will

go

to

college

one

day.

转换为：I

hope

to

go

to

college

one

day.

我希望有一天能上大学。

(2).

They

agreed

that

they

would

help

me

with

my

maths.

转换为：They

agreed

to

help

me

with

my

maths

他们同意帮助我（学习）数学。.

2、

当句子的谓语动词是know,

learn,

remember,

forget,

tell等词，后面接由疑问代词what，或接由how,

where,

when,

why等疑问副词引导的宾语从句，并且主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，可将宾语从句转化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。如：

(1).

Kate

didn’t

know

what

she

should

do.

转换为：Kate

did’t

know

what

to

do.

凯特不知道该做什么。

(2).

I

have

forgotten

how

I

can

use

this

word.

转换为：I

have

forgotten

how

to

use

this

word.

我忘了怎么样用这个词。

3、当主句的谓语动词是ask,

show,

tell,

teach等，后跟双宾语，并且从句的主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可转化为“疑问词+不定式”。如：

(1).

Could

you

tell

me

how

I

can

get

to

the

park?

转换为：Could

you

tell

me

how

to

get

to

the

park?

你能告诉我怎样去公园吗？

.

Please

tell

me

where

I

can

find

him.

转换为：Please

tell

me

where

to

find

him.

请告诉我在哪里能找到他。4、宾语从句可转化为“it

+形容词作宾补+不定式短语”结构。如：

(1).

I

think

that

it

is

impossible

to

finish

the

work

today.(that可省略)

转换为：I

think

it

impossible

to

finish

the

work

today.

我认为今天是不可能完成这项工作的。

(2).

I

found

that

it

is

important

to

learn

English.

(that可省略)

转换为：I

found

it

important

to

learn

English.

我发现学习英语很重要。

5、讲宾语从句转化为“名词或动名词短语”。如：

(1).

I

will

take

back

what

I

said.

转换为：I

will

take

back

my

words.

我将收回我所说的话。

.

Can

you

tell

me

how

I

can

get

to

the

station?

转换为：Can

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

station?

二、状语从句改为简单句的方法1、用“too…to…”结构可以将含有so…that引导的结果语从句(否定)的复合句转成简单句。如：1）Theboyissoyoungthathecan’tlookafterhimself.→Theboyistooyoungtolookafterhimself.2）ThequestionissodifficultthatIcan’tanswerit.→Thequestionistoodifficultformetoanswer.2、用“…enough+不定式”结构可以将含有so…that…引导的结果状语从句（肯定）的复合句转变为简单句。例如：1）Thegirlissotallthatshecanreachtheapplesonthetree.→Thegirlistallenoughtoreachtheapplesonthetree.2）Thishallissolargethatitcanhold2000people.→Thishallislargeenoughtohold2000people.3）Thetablewassolightthatthelittleboycancarryit.→Thetablewaslightenoughforthelittleboytocarry.3、用“inorder+不定式”或“soas+不定式”结构可以将含有sothat引导的目的状语从句的复合句转换为简单句。如：1）Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesothatshecouldreceiveitsoon.→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlineinordertoreceiveitsoon.→Shedecidedtobuyacameraonlinesoastoreceiveitsoon.IwentovermycompositionagainandagainsothatIcouldn’tmakeanymistakes.→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagaininordernottomakeanymistakes.→Iwentovermycompositionagainandagainsoasnottomakeanymistakes.4、由because引导的原因状语从句可以改为becauseof构成的介词短语Hecan’tcomebecauseheisill.他因病不能来。→Hecan’tcomebecauseofhisillness.他因病不能来。由when、after、before引导的时间状语从句可以用合适的动名词或介词短语来代替。Turnoffthelightbeforeyouleave.离开前请关灯。→Turnoffthelightbeforeleaving.离开前请关灯。Hewenthomeafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。→Hewenthomeafterfinishinghiswork.他做完工作后就回家了。三、词组归纳1.complainaboutsthtosb.2.exploreouterspace3.ironhisbusinesssuitsmoothly4.atwork5.returnhomefromwork6.lookasgoodasnew7.tidyup

8.gowrong9.makestupidmistakes10.spreadhisprivatepapers11.storemilkintherubbishbin12.knockthingsover13.intheend

14.causealotofproblems15.laymyfoodonthebed16.goonabusinesstrip17.haveaseriousheartproblem18.takemedicineeveryday19.haveapoormemory20.takeyourpills21.remindyoutotakethem22.goupanddownthestairs23.haveitchecked24.firstofall25.atmost四、句型归纳1.Theycoulddowhateverthey’reaskedto.(37)2.Heisalwaystoobusytohaveanytimetorelax.(38)3.IhavetobuyarobotsothatIcanhavemorefreetime.(38)4.ItseemedthatingeneraltherobotsatisfiedMrJiang’sneeds.(39)5.

Therobotcaughtavirusandnolongerworkedproperly.(39)6.Hewouldfindhisflatinacompletemess.(39)7.Iconsidertherobotagreathelpinmydailylife.(42)8.MrJiangdidnotknowwhattodowiththerobot.(43)9.Iwastooforgetfultolockthedoorlastnight.(44)10.TherobotwaskindenoughtobuymeeverythingIneeded.(44)11.PleaseholdandI’llputyouthrough.(46)12.However,Iamnotsatisfiedwithitatall.(48)13.Thequalityofthisrobotisnotuptostandardeither.(48)14.Agoodrobotshouldonlyneedcheckingeverysixmonths.(48)15.Iregrethavingboughtarobotlikethis.(48)16.Welookforwardtohearingfromyousoon.(49)易错题分析易错题分析语法部分：单项选择1.Thereissomethingwrongwithmynewradio.I’llittotheradioshop.A.explainB.findoutC.complainaboutD.lookafter【答案】C2.—Whereareyougoing,Linda?—I’mgoingtothepostofficetomysister,wholivesinNanjing.A.postalettertoB.takecareofC.dowithD.playwith【答案】A3.—Whydoyoulooksotired?—YourroomwasandIcleaneditallthemorning.A.insizeB.outofwayC.inamessD.incolour【答案】C4.Sheiskindandhelpfulandoftendoesshecantohelpme.A.whenB.howC.whereD.whatever【答案】D5.—YesterdayIboughtarobot,whichcouldhelpmetocleanthefloor.—Really?That’sgreat.I’llbuy.A.oneB.itC.thisD.that【答案】A6.Iboughtsomefruitvegetables.A.andalsoB.aswellC.aswellasD.butalso【答案】C7.Hefailedagainandagain.Butthroughhishardwork,hesucceeded.A.firstofallB.atthebeginningC.intheendD.inashorttime【答案】C8.—Idon’twanttocooktoday.—Let’sapizzafromtherestaurant.A.orderB.cookC.giveD.ask【答案】A9.Tom,putonthissuit.Iitsmoothly.A.ironedB.ironC.haveironedD.williron【答案】C10.Acaraccidenthappenedthere.Anoldwoman.Butthecardroveaway.A.knockedoverB.wasknockedoverC.knocksoverD.isknockedover【答案】B11.WhenIcamein,Isawherthepiano.A.playB.playingC.playedD.toplay【答案】B12.ThedogIsawjustnowisMike’s.A.whoB.thatC.whenD.where【答案】B13.Hischildrenworkfarawayfromhere,andhehasnobodytotalktoalldaylong,soheoftenfeels.A.happyB.lazyC.tiredD.lonely【答案】D14.—DoyouknowtogotoMountTaibytrainwiththem?—At7tomorrowmorning.A.whereB.howC.whyD.when【答案】D15.Couldyoutellmewiththisbrokenrobot?A.whatIcandoB.whatcanIdoC.IcandowhatD.canIdowhat【答案】A词汇句型部分：一、根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。46.Mybikeisahome___________(production).47.—Ishecomingtomorrow?—I’m___________(sure),butyoucanaskhimself.48.Itmakeseverythingelsegomore___________(smooth).49.Theydidnot___________(proper)considerwhatwouldhappennext.50.Thismachinewas___________(complete)outofcontrol.51.You___________(fine)bythepoliceifyoubreakthetrafficrules.52._____(limit)thenumberofcarsisausefulwaytoreduceairpollution.53.Jack___________(dig)aholeinthegardenwhenIwenttoseehim.54.Howoften___________theOlympicGames___________(take)place?55.Doyouknowhowmuchpaper___________(waste)lastyear?【答案】46.product48.smoothly49.properly50.completely51.willbefined52.Limiting53.wasdigging54.(1).does;(2).take55.waswasted二、单词拼写1.Stampsareusedfor____________(寄信)theletter.2.____________(不管什么)youdo,don’tmissthischance.3.Ithink____________(探索)undertheseamustbeverydangerous.4.Allthe____________（私人的）thingsshouldbekeptinthelockerbeforeenteringthisroom.5.Thiskindofcomputervirus____________(传播