2024-2025学年译林版八年级英语上学期期末复习 Unit 5~Unit 8 教材知识梳理【考点串讲】

Unit5~Unit8考点串讲译林版丨八年级上册目

录CONTENTS词汇变形PartOne短语过关PartTwo用法梳理PartThree语法精讲PartFour词汇变形011词汇变形sad(adj.)→sadly(adv.)→sadness(n.)danger(n.)→dangerous(adj.)wolf→wolvesill(adj)→illness(n.)nature(n.)→natural(adj.)easy(adj.)→easily(adv.)tour(n.)→tourist(n.)describe(v.)→description(n.)important(adj.)→importance(n.)1词汇变形apply(v.)→application(n.)sleep(v.)→sleepy(adj.)introduce(v.)→introduction(n.)fog(n.)→foggy(adj.)rain(v./n.)→rainy(adj.)snow(v./n.)→snowy(adj.)cloud(n.)→cloudy(adj.)lucky(adj.)→unlucky→luckily(adv.)wind(n.)→windy(adj.)1词汇变形rise-rose-risenblow-blew-blownring-rang-rungshine-shone-shonesudden(adj.)→suddenly(adv.)freeze(v.)→frozen(adj.)excite(v.)→excited/exciting(adj.)→excitement(n.)throw-threw-thrownvillage(n.)→villager(n.)1词汇变形shake-shook-shaken→shaking(n.)fear(n.)→fearful(adj.)silent(adj.)→silence(n.)beat-beat-beatenburn-burnt-burnt短语过关022短语过关inthewild在野外noway没门have/takeapityonsb同情某人dieof/from死于（of-内因，from外因）infact事实上beborn出生inthebeginning=atfirst起初，一开始atthebeginningof在...开始时facesth面临/面对...=befacedwithsth2短语过关livemainlyon主要以...为食asaresult结果，因此asaresultof由于...indanger处于危险中bedangeroustosb对某人有危险takeactionrightaway立刻采取行动atbirth在出生时=when...bebornbe/getlost迷路thesame..as和...一样It'sapity/shame...很遗憾/可惜...Whatapity/shame多么遗憾2短语过关inthedaytime在白天callsb+称呼称呼某人...对称呼提问whatforthefirsttime初次bambooforests竹林havenoplacetolive没有地方居住don’thavefoodtoeat没有食物可吃buildpandareserves建造熊猫保护区makelawstoprotectpandas制定法律来保护熊猫forashortwhile短短一会儿2短语过关huntthemforfun猎取它们为了取乐otherpartsofthebody身体其他部分loselivingareas失去生存区域I’msorrytohearthat听到这个消息很伤心/抱歉。movearound四周活动sleepthroughthewinter睡过整个冬天allyearround一整年leadto(led-led)导致forashortstay短暂停留2短语过关cover...with...用...遮盖becoveredwith被覆盖becoveredindeepsnow覆盖在深雪中havemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings有更多的空地给农场和建筑物prevent/stop/keepsbfromdoing在组织某人做某事recordthechangesinnumbers记录数字的变化theimportanceof......的重要性protectsbfromsth保护某人免受某物的害have/coveranareaof...=is...insize占地...面积hometo......的家园2短语过关oneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands世界上最重要的湿地之一aperfectplacetodo做某事的完美地方takesthwith/tosb和某人谈话(to-单向)apairofbinoculars一副望远镜writedownwhatyousee写下所见make/let/havesbdogetsbtodo

让某人做某事enjoythenaturalworld享受自然世界callsbon...拨...打电话给某人emailsbat...发送邮件给某人到...bringsbsth=bringsthtosb带给某个某物2短语过关withnothingon什么都没穿coughalot经常咳嗽haveahighfever发高烧thecauseof...的起因Whataperfecttimetoflyakite!多么完美的放风筝时间啊！amongtheflowers在花丛中hidefromtheAprilshowers躲避四月阵雨sweetsmemoriesofsummerdays夏日的甜美记忆autumnleavesturnbrown秋叶变黄2短语过关fallintopiles落成堆thetemperaturedrops/rises气温下降/上升dropbelowzero将至零度以下dropto...下降到dropby...下降了bebusydoing忙于做某事inthelatemorning上午晚些时候inthethirties在三十多...thistimeofyear每年这个时候blowhard吹得很猛2短语过关mopupsth拖洗，擦干净mopit/themupthousandsof+复数数千，成千上万threethousand+复数三千threethousandofthe+复数期中三千crashintothetree撞到树上hearabout听说feelaslightshake感到轻微震动screaminfear害怕地尖叫bealive活着的2短语过关pullmyselfthroughthedark在黑暗中缓慢移动tryone’sbesttodo尽最大努力做某事byaccident偶然washaway冲走

catchfire着火(瞬间)beonfire（延续）inalldirections四面八方comedown下降、降落not...atall一点也不，根本不calmdown平静下来2短语过关findone’swayout找到出路atlast=finally=intheend最后breakdown抛锚，奔溃as...aspossible=as...assbcan/could尽可能...haveaheadache/toothache头疼、牙疼inthecountryside在乡村becauseofthecoldweather由于天气不好hearthenoiseoftraffic听到交通的噪音2短语过关crosstheroad=v+acrosstheroad过马路stay/keepawayfrom远离sharesthwithsb和某人共用/分享某物fallover跌倒clearthesnowfromthestreets清除街道上的积雪用法梳理033用法梳理none/nothingnothing指没有什么，指物none指数量为0eg:Thereisnoneoneleft.Thereisnopandaleft.Thereisnothinginthefridge.howmany提，问回答用none询问是否有具体某物，回答用none询问有什么，回答用nothingeg:-Howmanyappledidyoupickonthefarm?-None.-Isthereanthinginthebox?-Nothing.-Arethereanybooksonthedesk?-None.3用法梳理because与because,表示直接的原因或理由because+句子becauseof+代词/名词短语eg:Theydidn’tgotoschoolbecauseoftheheavysnow.Ican'tgotothepartybecauseIhavetostudy.as与sinceas表示原因，但语气比because要弱，通常用于比较正式或书面的语境中。eg:Asitisraining,wedecidetostayindoors.since“既然”表示已知的原因或理由，有时带有假设的语气eg:Sinceyou'renotcoming,I'llgoalone.3用法梳理时间介词on:用于星期、日期；某一天的早中晚夜，含有季节、天气等修饰的早中晚夜；含有day的节日eg:onahotsummerafternoononacoldnightonthemorningofJune1stonSundaynights现在分词doing表示伴随eg:Wethrowsnowballsateachother,screamingandlaughing.throwsnownballs的同时伴随着动作scream和laugh

3用法梳理happen与takeplacesthhappentosb某人发生了某事sbhappentodosth某人碰巧做某事happen/takeplace都表示发生，happen是偶然发生，takeplace的有计划的发生；两者都不能加宾语，表示“发生”时主语都是stheg:Whathappenedtoyou?Theartfestivaltakeplaceonceaterminourschool.Wehappenedtoseetheaccident.3用法梳理enough的用法：enough+n.adj./adv.+enough足够...eg:Wedon’thaveenoughtimetofinishit.Sheranquicklyenoughbutdidn’tcatchthebus.enoughtodo足够...做某事，可以转化成too...todo太...而不能...eg:Sheisn’toldenoughtoattendaprimaryschool.=Sheistooyoungtoattendaprimaryschool.3用法梳理if引导条件状语从句：时态规则：主将从现，主祈从现，主情从现eg:Ifhefailagain,wewillgivehimahand.Studyhardifyouwantagoodreault.Youcan’tstayuplateanymoreifyouaresleepyinclass.rise与raiserise表示“上升、升起”，不及物动词，不能接宾语，sthrise，rise-rose-riseneg：Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.raise表示“饲养、筹集、升起”，及物动词，后需加宾语，raise-raised-raisedeg:Wewatchedthemraiseflags.Weplantoraisemoneyforchildreninpoorareas.3用法梳理see/hear/watchsbdo/doing若看到的是动作的全过程，则用do，通常有表示一般时态的时间状语，如often,everymorning等eg:IoftenseehimdoTaiChiinthepark.若看到的是动作正在发生，则用doing，通常有表示进行时态的时间状语，如when...，atthattime等eg:IheardhimsingbeautifullywhenIpassedby.3用法梳理表示目的的结构：todo表示目的inordertodo、inorderthat+目的状语从句sothat以便、为了，引导目的状语从句eg:Ninagetsupearlyeverymorningsothatshecancatchtheearlybus.Ninastudiedhardinordertopasstheexam.Hespokeloudlyinorderthateveryoneinthebackcouldhear.couldyouplease(not)dosth你可以(不)做某事吗?请(不要)...好吗？could表示委婉语气，不是过去式；该句表示提出请求。回答用sure/ofcourse，或Sorry,Ican’t./I’mafraid...eg:-Couldyoupleasenotclosethewindow?It’shot.—Ofcourse.语法精讲044语法精讲考点一：过去进行时表示：过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段正在发生的动作结构：was/weredoing时间状语：atthattimeyesterday,at5yesterdaymorning,from5to6yesterdayevening,thewholemorning,then等eg:-HaveNinafinishedherpaper?-I’mnotsure,shewasdoingitthismoring.Areyouwatchingafootballmatchatthistimeyesterday?4语法精讲考点二：when与while用于进行时while后从句用进行时；若表示主从句动作同时发生，都用进行时eg:Shearrivedwhenweweretalkingaboutourplan.Shewaswritingdowntheideas,whilewewerediscussing.when：长动（延续性）作用进行时，短动作（瞬间动作）用一般时态eg:WhenNinagothome,hersisterwasdoingchores.Anearthquakehappenedwhentheywerehavingaparty.when和as可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间；while指一段时间4语法精讲考点三：动词不定式作宾语：afford，agree，choose，decide，expect，forget，hope，learn，manage，like，offer，plan，prepare，promise，refuse，remember，try，w