主讲曾绍武陕西铁路工程第讲混凝土简课件讲解

主讲：曾绍武

陕西铁路工程职业技术学院第21讲混凝土简支梁架设

Lesson21:ConcreteSimplySupportedBeamInstallation任务导入

TaskImport

通过对简支梁常用各种架设方法的学习，掌握简支梁架设方法优缺点，能合理选择架设方法。

Bystudyingvariouscommonlyusederectionmethodsforsimplysupportedbeams,grasptheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthesemethods,andbeabletochoosetheerectionmethodreasonably.

能力目标

Capabilityobjectives能够梁体运输和架设的方法Methodfortransportinganderectingbeams

目标1Goal1目标２Goal2能够掌握梁体架设方法适用条件

Abletomastertheapplicableconditionsofbeamerectionmethods目标３Goal3能够掌握各种架设方法架设步骤Abletomastervariousinstallationmethodsandsteps简支梁架设

SimplesupportedbeamerectionGoal1安装方法installation

陆地架设法Landerectionmethod

自行式吊车架梁Selfpropelledcranebeamerection跨墩龙门吊车架梁Crosspiergantrycranebeamerection移动支架架梁Mobilebracketbeam浮吊架设法Floatinghangerdesign浮吊船架梁Floatingcraneshipframebeam固定式悬臂浮吊架梁Fixedcantileverfloatingsuspensionbeam高空架设法High-altitudeerectionmethod联合架桥机架梁Jointbridgingframebeam闸门式架桥机架梁Gatetypebridgeerectionframebeam宽穿巷式架桥机架梁Widetunnelcrossingbridgeframebeam自行式吊车桥上架梁Selfpropelledcranebridgegirdererection扒杆钓鱼法架梁Scaffoldingbeamwithfishingrodmethod龙门式起重机运输法

Gantrycranetransportationmethod汽车、驳船、火车运输

Transportationbycar,barge,train.轨道平车移运

Railflatcartransportation运梁台车运输

Beamtransporttrolleytransportation.1.自行式吊车架梁Selfpropelledcranebeamerection2.跨墩门式吊车架梁Crosspiergantrycranebeamerection对于桥不太高，架梁孔数又多，沿桥墩两侧铺设轨道不困难的情况下，主要是通过铺轨后用门式吊车架设。可以采用一台或两台跨墩门式吊车架梁。

Forbridgesthatarenottoohighandhavealargenumberofbeamopenings,itisnotdifficulttolaytracksalongbothsidesofthebridgepier.Themainmethodistouseagantrycraneafterlayingthetracks.Oneortwocrosspiergantrycranescanbeusedtoframethebeams.3.摆动排架梁法Swingingbentbeammethod将预制梁（板）沿路基牵引到桥台上并稍悬出一段，从桥孔中心河床上悬出的梁（板）端底下设置人字扒杆或木支架。前方用牵引绞车牵引梁（板）端。此时支架随之摆动而到对岸。Pulltheprefabricatedbeam(slab)alongtheroadbedtothebridgeabutmentandhangitslightlyforasection.Installaherringbonepoleorwoodensupportbelowthebeam(slab)endsuspendedfromtheriverbedatthecenterofthebridgeopening.Useatractionwinchtopullthebeam(plate)endforward.Atthispoint,thebracketswingstotheoppositebank.试用条件applicability适宜于桥梁高跨比较大的场合Suitableforoccasionswithlargehighspanratiosofbridges为免摆动过快，应在梁（板）的后端用绞车牵引制动。Toavoidexcessiveswinging,awinchshouldbeusedtopullandbraketherearendofthebeam(plate).4.移动支架架梁法4.Movingbracketbeammethod在架设孔的地面上，顺桥轴线方向铺设轨道，其上设置可移动支架，预制梁前端搭在支架上，通过移动支架将梁移运到要求的位置后，用龙门架或人字扒杆吊装；或在桥墩上设枕木垛，用千斤顶卸下，再将梁横移就位。Onthegroundwheretheholesareerected,atrackislaidalongtheaxisofthebridge,onwhichmovablesupportsareinstalled.Thefrontendoftheprefabricatedbeamisplacedonthesupport,andthebeamistransportedtotherequiredpositionthroughthemovablesupport.Then,itisliftedusingagantryoraherringbonepole;Alternatively,setupsleepersonthebridgepiers,removethemwithjacks,andthenmovethebeamshorizontallyintoposition.5.浮吊架设法5.FloatingHangerManagement浮吊架设法Floatinghangerdesign浮吊船架梁Floatingcraneshipframebeam固定式悬臂浮吊架梁Fixedcantileverfloatingsuspensionbeam浮吊架设法Floatinghangerdesign大型浮吊架设法Largefloatinghangerdesign大型浮吊架设法Largefloatinghangerdesign大型浮吊架设法Largefloatinghangerdesign此法是将预制梁的一端纵向拖拉滚移到岸边的浮船支架上，再用如移动式支架架梁法相同方法沿桥轴线拖拉浮船至对岸，预制梁也相应拖拉至对岸，当梁前端抵达安装位置后用龙门架或人字扒杆安装就位。Thismethodinvolvesdraggingandrollingoneendoftheprefabricatedbeamlongitudinallyontothefloatingboatsupportontheshore,andthenusingthesamemethodasthemobilesupportbeammethodtodragthefloatingboatalongthebridgeaxistotheoppositebank.Theprefabricatedbeamisalsocorrespondinglypulledtotheoppositebank,andwhenthefrontendofthebeamreachestheinstallationposition,itisinstalledinplaceusingagantryoraherringbonepole.6.浮船支架拖拉架梁法

6.FloatingBoatSupportDraggingBeamMethod浮船支架拖拉架设FloatingBoatSupportDraggingandInstallation用栈桥码头横移梁上船。预制梁经过栈桥横向移运到两个提升塔（或龙门吊机下）之间后，就可用卷扬机交梁提升起来，然后将双艘浮船连系的浮船支架拖入，再将梁落放在浮船支架上。浮船中线宜与预制梁中线相垂直。Usethepiertomovethebeamhorizontallyontotheship.Aftertheprefabricatedbeamishorizontallymovedbetweentwoliftingtowers(organtrycranes)throughthetrestlebridge,itcanbeliftedbyawinch,andthenthefloatingboatbracketconnectedtothetwofloatingboatsisdraggedin,andthebeamisplacedonthefloatingboatbracket.Thecenterlineofthefloatingshipshouldbeperpendiculartothecenterlineoftheprefabricatedbeam.当栈桥排架较高，浮船支架高度稍低于栈桥上梁底高度时，可不必用卷扬机或龙门架提升预制梁，而采用先将浮船充水使它吃水深些，待浮船拖到梁下的预定位置后，再用水泵将浮船中压舱水排出，使浮船升高将梁托起在支架上。但完全靠充水、排水来升降浮船支架高度比较费时，可与千斤顶联合使用。但在浮船支架拖运途中，必须撤除千斤顶，以免梁发生翻倒现象。Whenthetrestlebentishighandtheheightofthefloatingboatsupportisslightlylowerthantheheightofthebeambottomonthetrestle,itisnotnecessarytouseawinchorgantrytolifttheprecastbeam.Instead,thefloatingboatisfilledwithwatertomakeitdeeper.Afterthefloatingboatistowedtothepredeterminedpositionunderthebeam,theSailingballastinthefloatingboatisdischargedbythewaterpump,sothatthefloatingboatisliftedandthebeamisliftedonthesupport.However,relyingsolelyonwaterfillinganddrainagetoraiseandlowertheheightofthefloatingboatsupportistime-consumingandcanbeusedinconjunctionwithajack.However,duringthetowingofthe