《植物病虫害绿色防控技术》课件-柑橘大实蝇（双语）

柑橘病虫害绿色防控柑橘大实蝇GreenPreventionandControlofCitrusDiseasesandPestsTetradacuscitri(Chen)蛆果柑橘大实蝇MaggotfruitTetradacuscitri(Chen)柑橘大实蝇，俗名“柑蛆”，属于双翅目，芒角亚目，实蝇科，果实蝇属，大实蝇亚属的昆虫。是危害柑橘、柚类的重要检疫害虫，也是国际检疫性害虫之一，有着专性强、传播广、危害大等特点。Tetradacuscitri(Chen),commonlyknownas"CitrusMaggot",belongstotheinsectofthesubgenusBactrocera,Bactrocera,Tephritidae,Diptera,Armigerae.Itisanimportantquarantinepestthatharmscitrusandpomelo,andalsooneoftheinternationalquarantinepests,withcharacteristicsofstrongspecificity,widespread,andgreatharm,etc.十字纹识别特征IdentificationcharacteristicsCrosspattern成虫一般在白天活动，尤其是下午1~4时活动最为旺盛，天黑以后就停止活动。成虫活动的最适温度一般为21~30℃，晴天较阴天活动多，雨天很少活动，如果遇过高的气温，常寻阴蔽处栖息，如叶片的背阴面。大实蝇每年发生一代，成虫6月中旬开始产卵，7-8月为产卵盛期，成虫产卵的部位，对不同的寄主有一定的差异性。Imagoesgenerallymoveduringtheday,especiallyat1-4p.m.,andstopmovingafterdark.Themostappropriatetemperatureforimagoestomoveisgenerally21-30°C.Theymovemoreonsunnydaysthanoncloudydaysandrarelyonrainydays.Ifthetemperatureistoohigh,theyusuallyinhabitshadyplaces,suchastheshadysideofleaves.OnegenerationofTetradacuscitrioccurseveryyear.Theimagoesbegintolayeggsinmid-JuneandthepeakperiodisfromJulytoAugust.Thepartswheretheimagoeslayeggsvaryfromdifferenthosts.大实蝇幼虫乳白至乳黄色，具有光泽，3龄时长约14~16mm，老熟时长约15~19mm，前端尖细，后端肥大。口钩黑色，常缩入前胸内。ThelarvaeofTetradacuscitriaremilkywhitetomilkyyellowandglossy.Theyareabout14-16mmlongatthethirdinstarandabout15-19mmlongatthematureinstar.Thefrontendispointedandthin,andthebackendishypertrophic.Theoralhooksareblackandoftenretractedintotheprothorax.大实蝇产卵Tetradacuscitri(Chen)layseggs.幼虫就会从果皮钻进果实内部取食果瓤，等到发育到老熟幼虫后，即从危害果实内钻出，掉落到地上。Thelarvaewillwormthemselvesfromtheskinintothefruitstofeedonthepulps,andwhentheydeveloptomaturelarvae,theywillwormthemselvesoutofthedamagedfruitsandfalltotheground.为害柑橘果实为害早期，可以看到产卵及初孵幼虫为害处周围变为黄色，变黄现象从9月中旬开始，在9月下旬至10月上旬最多DamagetocitrusfruitsAttheearlystageofdamage,itcanbeseenthattheareaaroundthedamagebyovipositingandnewlyhatchedlarvaeturnsyellowfrommid-September,andthephenomenonismostcommonfromlateSeptembertoearlyOctober.为害柑橘果实有些被大实蝇为害后的果实不脱落，内部含带大量蛆虫，一般有柑蛆5-10头，多则100头以上，就是人们说的“蛆果”了。DamagetocitrusfruitsSomefruitsdamagedbyTetradacuscitridonotfalloff,andcontainalargenumberofmaggotsinside.Generally,ifthereare5-10citrusmaggotsandmorethan100citrusmaggots,itiscalled"MaggotFruit".预防为主综合防治植物检疫PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolPlantquarantine预防为主综合防治农业防治集中掩埋PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolAgriculturalcontrolCentralizedburial预防为主综合防治物理防治糖酒醋液---趋化性每3~5株树挂一个罐。从5月下旬开始挂罐到7月上旬结束，每5-7天更换一次药液。PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolPhysicalcontrolSugar,wineandvinegarliquid-chemotaxisHangacanforevery3-5trees.Replacetheliquidmedicineevery5-7daysfromlateMaytoearlyJuly.预防为主综合防治物理防治诱蝇球诱蝇球外型模仿柑橘，同时在里面加入了性诱剂，可以吸引大量成虫。PreventionfirstwithintegratedcontrolPhysicalcontrolTrapballofTetradacuscitri(Chen)Theshapeofsuchtrapballimitatescitrus,andasexattractantisaddedtoit,whichcanattractagreatnumberofimagoes.预防为主综合防治化学防治1.地面喷药灭蛹和初出土成虫。2.树冠喷药杀灭产卵前的成虫。Preventionfirstwithintegra