Unit 3 The world of science Developing ideas 课件-高中英语外研版（2019）必修第三册

DevelopingideasFRANKLIN’SEXPERIMENT:HowMuchIsTrue?

Developingideas

declarev.→declarationn.宣布；宣告

declarethat...宣布/宣告……declarefor/against声明赞成/反对

experimentn.实验；试验；尝试；实践vi.做试验；进行实验；尝试；试用ex出+peri通过；尝试+ment表结果→不断尝试→实验

Developingideas

experimentn.实验，试验指用科学方法进行的实验，以验证某物在一定条件下的反应情况，或某一理论、结果等是否成立、属实。Thestudentsaredoingachemicalexperiment.学生们正在做化学实验。testn.试验，测试普通用词，指对机器、产品等进行测试，以验证其性质、效能等。Ihopethatournewproductwillpassthetest.我希望我们的新产品能够通过测试。trialn.试验指确定某事物是否有效或安全的试验过程。Thenewmethodisstillontrialnow.新办法目前还在试行中。

Developingideas

attachvt.系，绑；贴→attachmentn.附属物→attachedadj.附属的，依恋的，爱慕的attach...to...把……附加在……上beattachedto...附属于；依恋于；爱慕attachimportanceto...认为……重要/有意义E.g.Ourgovernmentattachesmuchimportanceto

educationnow,whichenablessomanypeopletobewelleducated.我们的政府现在非常重视教育，这使很多人都能受到良好的教育。

Developingideas

flashn.闪光；闪光灯；徽章，肩章，臂章；v.闪光；(使)闪耀；(快速地)显示；飞速运动；突然想到；（使）显示；（通过无线电、计算机等）快速发送（信息）；突然显露（强烈情感）flashback突然记起；猛然想起flashsth.around炫耀（某物）adj.庞大的；昂贵的；穿着奢华的

Developingideas

accountn.[C]描述，叙述；解释，说明；账户v.认为；解释giveanaccountof给予描述；进行说明takesth.intoaccount;consideration认真考虑某事accountfor占，占据；是…的原因；对…做出解释说明onnoaccount决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)

Developingideas

proofn.证明，证据(指可以表明某事物真实性的信息、文件等。)Thereisnoproofthatthismanstoleyourpurse.没有证据证明这个男人偷了你的钱包。evidencen.证明，证据(指表明某事物存在或真实的事实、迹象等，也指法庭上证明某人有罪或无罪的证据。)DowehaveevidenceoflifeonMars?我们有表明火星上存在生命的证据吗？testimonyn.证据，证词(指清楚表明某事物存在或属实的事实或情况，也指法庭上的证词。)Theseachievementsareatestimonytoyourdiligence.这些成就是你勤奋努力的证明。witnessn.证人；证据(多指知道案件情况并在法庭上对其进行陈述的人，也可指证据或证言。)Thedefensehastofindthekeywitness.辩方得找到关键证人。Whatdoweknowabouthim?BenjaminFranklin(1706–1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.IassumethatBenjaminFranklinisa...person.Inmyopinion,maybeheis...Matchthemainideaswiththeparagraphs.Paragraph1

A.Questioningacceptedideas.Paragraph2B.

Benefitsofthestoriesaboutexploringscience.Paragraph3 C.BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperiment.Paragraph4 D.FactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearchParagraph5E.Introductionofthethemeofthetext.Paragraph6F.Noteverythingabouttheexperimentistrue.Para1BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.However,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.ExperimentThekiteexperimentAimMaterialsProcedureConclusionTotestiflightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricity.Akite,astringandametalkey.First,Franklinflewakitewithastringandametalkeywasattachedtoit.Then,whenaflashoflightninghitthekite,electricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Finally,touchingthekey,Franklingotanelectricshock.Lightningwasaformofelectricity.WhathaveFranklin'sexperimenttaughtus?Morethanonegengrationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas引导出的成分不作为主语的一部分，谓语形式看前者，即就远原则。Languageappreciation1.Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontribute...inventions.[句式分析]结构“Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists”作主语时，谓语的人称与数要与“with前面的部分”保持一致，“inordertodosth”意为“为了……”，引导“目的状语”，“andtocontribute”构成并列性目的状语。[尝试翻译]富兰克林和许多其他科学家一起启发并教导我们，为了确认真相并有助于后来的科学发现与发明，科学实验是很重要的。DidBenjaminFranklintouchthekey?Howdoyouknowit?AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace,morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.IfFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.WhywasNewton'sstorybeenmentioned?Someevenquestion

acceptedideasbecausetheywanttoestablishthefacts.SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton’sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.Hegivesanotherexampletodemonstratetheargumentofthepassagethatthestoriesbehindinventionsmaynotbetrue.Languageappreciation2.MorethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.[句式分析]Morethanone+单数名词，意为“不止一个……”，作主语时，谓语用“第三人称单数形式”；句中“suggest”意为“表明”，引导宾语从句时，从句的谓语用“陈述语气”，注意suggest表示“建议”引导从句的谓语用“虚拟语气（should+verb）”。名词“proof”后接that-clause为“同位语从句”——同位语从句,指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。[尝试翻译]不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿肯定是受到了一个掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明它击中了他的头部。Admittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.PeoplehavebeenmoreinspiredbyFranklin’sspiritofscientificexlporationthanbythefactsthemselves.Butinsciencefactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear-evenifitisagreatstory.

weneedtohavecriticalthinking.Para6□Franklin’sspiritofscientificexplorationisstillconsideredaninspiration.□PeopleareamazedatandinspiredbyFranklin’sexperiment.□ScientistsquestionwhatreallyhappenedinFranklin’sexperiment.213Numberthestatementstoshowhowpeople’sattitudestowardsFranklin’sexperimenthavechanged.IntroducethethemeofthepassageExplainthethemeindetail

TransitiontoanotherviewpointtofurtherexplainthethemeSumup1)DoyouthinkitmattersthatFranklin’sexperimentmightnotbetrue?Why?

No.Becausewhatreallymattersliesinhisbraverytodotheexperiment.2)Asastudent,whatshouldwedowhenwereadorhearsomethingnew?Thinks&ShareThinkandshareThinkandvoiceyouropinion.①Howdoyouunderstandthestatement“...weshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear‒evenifitisagreatstory”?②Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatscientistshouldhave?Ithinkthestatementisright.Froma

scientific

standpoint,peopleshouldstick

to

thefactsandthefactsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch.Agoodstoryisfictionwhichisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth.Asagreatscientist,heorsheshouldhavemorethanonegoodquality,suchasbeingsmart,honest,objective,persistent,curious,imaginative.BookThreeUnitThree词汇答案

一、拓展词汇l.press;pressure2.shoot;shot3.minor,minority4.capable;capably5.significant;significance6.injure;injury;injured7.accurate;accurately;accuracy8.origin;original;originate9.mental;mentally10.declaration;declare11.experiment;