2024-2025学年高中英语Unit8AdventurePeriodThreeLesson3MarcoPolo学案含解析北师大版必修3

PAGEUnit8AdventurePeriodThreeLesson3MarcoPoloⅠ.重点单词1．courtn.宫廷；法庭2．fueln.燃料3．dictationn.口述；听写4．statementn.陈述5．quantityn.数量6．professorn.教授7．huntern.猎人8．skinn.皮，皮肤9．goodsn.商品，物品10．travellern.旅行者，旅客→travelv.旅行11．amazevt.使惊愕(惊异)→amazingadj.令人惊异的→amazedadj.(人)感到惊异的→amazementn.惊异12．confusevt.使困惑→confusingadj.令人困惑的→confusedadj.(人)感到困惑的→confusionn.困惑13．wealthyadj.富有的，富有的→wealthn.财宝14．authorn.作者→authorityn.权威人士Ⅱ.核心短语1．in_turn轮番2．put_into_prison关进监狱3．stand_by坚持(某种说法)4．break_out(坏事)突然发生，爆发5．dotradewith与……做生意6．leaveout省略7．beimpressedby对……印象深刻8．payfor付……的钱；为……付出代价Ⅲ.经典句式1．sb.＋be＋adj.＋todosth.Hewasveryhappyto_meettwoforeignersandwantedtolearnallaboutEurope.他很兴奋见到这两位外国人，想向他们了解欧洲的状况。2．see＋宾语＋宾补MarcowassurprisedtoseeChinesepeopleusingpapermoneyinthemarkets.马可惊异地发觉中国人在市场上运用的是纸币。3．although引导让步状语从句；too...to...太……而不能……Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook,manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoo_fantastic_to_be_true.虽然人们爱读他的书，但很多人认为马可关于中国的故事太离奇而不行信。1.后缀­er表示人的名词①hunter猎人②gardener园艺工③thinker思想家④worker工人⑤traveller旅行者，旅客⑥lawyer律师⑦owner主子2.盘点“名词＋­y→形容词”的单词①wealth→wealthy富有的，富有的②luck→lucky幸运的③noise→noisy热闹的④sun→sunny阳光绚丽的⑤mud→muddy泥泞的⑥fog→foggy多雾的⑦dirt→dirty脏的3．盘点­or结尾表示人的单词①emperor皇帝②educator教化家③author作家④sailor水手⑤visitor参观者4．“in＋n.”构成短语，在句中作表语或状语①in_turn轮番②in_danger处在危急中③in_trouble处于逆境中④in_time刚好；迟早课文预读马可·波罗和他的旅行[第1～4段译文]马可·波罗1254年诞生于意大利。他17岁时，由于父亲想和中国人做生意，他就和父亲一起横跨欧洲和亚洲。最终，他们到达北京。当时元世祖忽必烈正统治着中国。元世祖忽必烈欢迎马可和他的父亲。他很兴奋见到两位外国人，想向他们了解欧洲的全部状况。马可和他的父亲成了皇宫里的贵客。尽管马可很年轻，但他聪慧伶俐，并且会讲四种语言。他给皇帝留下了深刻的印象，两个人成了挚友。皇帝让马可留在朝廷任职，并派他到全国各地完成了多项重要使命。反过来，马可也被中国的漂亮和强大震撼。北京和皇宫给他留下了深刻的印象，尤其是颐和园，他称它为“迄今最宏大的宫殿……它的墙用黄金和白银装饰，大厅大到可以轻易地容纳6000人同时进餐。”那时，中国的很多独创和发展水平是在欧洲见不到的。马可惊异地发觉中国市场上人们运用的是纸币。而在欧洲，那时人们还是用金、银买货物。他不理解人们怎么可以用纸来买食物和值钱的物品！他也不明白为什么人们用黑色的石头作燃料。这种黑色的石头就是煤，但是马可以前从没有见过煤！课文理解TaskOne：FastreadingⅠ.Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1A．MarcoPolo'searlylifePara.2B．MarcoreturnedtoItalyPara.3C．InventionsanddevelopmentsinChinaPara.4D．KublaiKhanwelcomedMarcoPara.5E．MarcowasamazedatChinaPara.6F．Pople'sreactiontoMarco'sstories答案：Para.1—APara.2—DPara.3—EPara.4—CPara.5—BPara.6—FⅡ.Judgethefollowingstatementstrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．Attheageofseventeen,MarcoPolotravelledacrossEuropeandAsiaonhisown.(F)2．MarcowasveryyoungwhenhecametoChina,buthewasverycleverandcouldspeakfourforeignlanguages.(F)3．TheEmperorandMarcobecamefriends.(T)4．PapermoneywasusedbothinEuropeandChinaatthattime.(F)5．MarcohadneverseencoalbeforehecametoChina.(T)6．MarcoPolowroteallhisstoriesinhisbookTheDescriptionoftheWorld.(F)TaskTwo：CarefulreadingReadthetextcarefullyandthenchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext.1．Marcowassenttodomanyimportanttasks________.A．becausehewasKublaiKhan'sfriendB．sothathecouldlearntospeakmorelanguagesC．andthenhegaveKublaiKhanagoodimpressionD．becausehewascleverenoughtobeanofficial答案：D2．Whathadn'tMarcoseenbeforehecametoChina?A．Gold. B．Largehalls.C．Papermoney. D．Silver.答案：C3．________seemedstrangetoMarco.A．ThattheHallcouldbelargeenoughtoseat6,000peopleB．ThatpeoplepaidforgoodswithgoldandsilverC．Thatpeopleusedsomethinghedidn'tknowtoburnforfuelD．ThattheSummer答案：C4．AfterleavingChina,Marco________.A．becameapoormanB．foughtinawarC．declaredawarD．joinedthearmyandbecameasoldier答案：B5．Bysaying“IhaveonlytoldahalfofwhatIsaw！”，Marcomeant________.A．hecouldonlyrememberhalfofwhathesawB．hedidn'twanttotellpeoplethewholetruthaboutChinaC．hewantedtokeepanotherhalfofwhathesawasecretD．whathetoldinthebookwasreallytrue答案：DTaskThree：MicrowritingReadthetextcarefullyandfillinthefollowingblanks.17­year­oldMarcoPolotravelledacrossEuropeandAsiawithhisfather,whowantedtodotrade__1__theChinese,andtheyeventuallyarrivedinBeijingduringtheYuanDynasty.Marcowasverycleverandcouldspeakfourlanguages,__2__impressedEmperorKublaiKhan.__3__theEmperoraskedhimtoserveinthecourtanddomanyimportanttasks.Marcowasamazedbyhowbeautifuland__4__(power)ChinawasandwasveryimpressedbyBeijingandtheEmperor'sPalace.HewassurprisedtoseeChinesepeople__5__(use)papermoneytopayforgoods.Marcowasalso__6__(confuse)bytheblackstonespeopleusedtoburnforfuel.After17yearsofservicetotheEmperor,Marcobecame__7__(wealth)andreturnedtoItaly.Hewascaughtinalocalwarandputintoprison.Buthewasluckyenough__8__(meet)aprisoner__9__wasanauthorandinterestedinhisstoriesaboutChina.TheprisonerwrotethestoriesthatMarcotoldinabook,whichbecameoneofthebest­sellingbooksinEurope.Manypeopledidn'tbelievethe__10__(story),butMarcosaidhehadonlytoldhalfofwhathehadseen.1．with2.which3.So4.powerful5.using6．confused7.wealthy8.to_meet9.who10.stories1eq\a\vs4\al(amazevt.使惊愕惊异)(教材P26)Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.反过来，马可也被中国的漂亮和强大震撼。(1)amazingadj.令人惊异的amazedadj.感到惊异的(2)amazementn.惊异；惊诧toone'samazement令某人惊异的是inamazement＝withamazement惊异地[即学即用](1)Iwasamazedbywhatyouhavetoldme.我对你告知我的那些感到惊愕。(2)Toouramazement,herunsatanamazingspeed.令我们惊诧的是，他跑步速度惊人。(3)单句语法填空①LittleTomsatamazed(amaze)watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.②Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing(amaze),withmanywell­knownsightseeingsports.③Westaredathiminamazement(amaze)andcouldn'tbelieveoureyes.2eq\a\vs4\al(confusevt.使困惑)(教材P26)Hewasalsoconfusedbytheblackstonespeopleusedtoburnforfuel.他也不明白为什么人们用黑色的石头作燃料。(1)confuse...with...把……与……混淆(2)confusedadj.困惑的，不解的beconfusedby被……搞糊涂了beconfusedabout对……怀疑(3)confusingadj.令人困惑的(4)confusionn.困惑，不解inconfusion困惑地，迷茫地[即学即用](1)Theyconfusedmebyaskingsomanyquestions.他们提了一大堆问题，把我都弄糊涂了。(2)Don'tconfuseAustriawithAustralia.不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混了。(3)Iwasconfusedaboutwhyhedidn'tturnup.我很怀疑他为什么没有出现。(4)Theinstructionsontheboxareveryconfusing.盒子上的运用说明模糊不清。(5)单句语法填空①Ihopethemeetingwillclearuppeople'sconfusion(confuse)．②Don'tshowhimtheotherwayofdoingit—it'llonlymakehimconfused(confuse)．③Ifyoutrytolearntoomanythingsatatime,youmaygetconfused(confuse)．④IthinkGermanismoreconfusing(confuse)thanEnglishbecauseofitsdifficultgrammarrules.3eq\a\vs4\al(quantityn.量；数量)(教材P27)Hewenttoacitywhereironwasproducedinhugequantities.他去了一座大量生产铁的城市。(1)quantityandquality数量和质量eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alarge/smallquantityof,large/smallquantitiesof))大/少量的inquantity大量地inlarge/smallquantities大量/少量地2alargequantityof和largequantitiesof既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不行数名词。当其作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与quantity的形式一样，类似用法还有alargeamountof以及largeamountsof。3表示“很多，若干”的短语有：①只用于修饰可数名词的有：alarge/great/goodnumberof；agreat/goodmany；large/greatnumbersof；manya＋单数可数名词谓语用单数；agoodfew/quiteafew。②只用于修饰不行数名词的有：agreatdealof；alarge/goodamountof；largeamountsof谓语用复数。③既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不行数名词的有：alotof＝lotsof；plentyof；agreat/largequantityof；largequantitiesof。[即学即用](1)Withoutqualitytherecanbenoquantity.没有质量也就没有数量。(2)Quantitiesofmoneyhavebeencollectedfortheearthquake­strickenarea.已经为地震灾区捐了很多钱。(3)单句语法填空①Alargequantityofmoneyis_spent(spend)onenvironmentprotection.②Largequantitiesoftimehave_been_wasted(waste)oncomputerinthepastfewweeks.③Thegovernmenthasbeenbuyingsilverinlargequantities.1eq\a\vs4\al(inturn轮番，依次；反过来)(教材P26)Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.反过来，马可也被中国的漂亮和强大震撼。taketurnstodosth./(at)doingsth.轮番做某事It'sone'sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事takeone'sturn依次，轮到某人byturns轮番，依次[即学即用](1)Theoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.理论是建立在实践的基础上，反过来为实践服务。(2)Theshopassistantshadtohavetheirdaysoffby_turns.店员要轮番休息。(3)Youcan'tbothusethebikeatonce;you'llhavetotake_turns.你们不能两人同时用这辆自行车，得轮番运用。(4)It_is_now_his_turntotreatustoanicedinner.现在轮到他请我们吃一顿丰富的晚餐了。(5)Thechangeoftheclimatealsomakestheearthwarmer.In_turn,_thewarmthoftheearthchangestheclimate,too.气候的变更导致全球气温上升，反过来，地球升温也在变更气候。2eq\a\vs4\al(breakout坏事突然发生；爆发)(教材P26)Notlongafterhisreturn,alocalwarbrokeoutnearhistown.他返回之后不久，一场区域性的斗争在他家乡旁边爆发了。breakin强行闯入；打断breakdown出故障；垮掉；分解breakinto闯入；突然(笑、哭等)起来breakawayfrom摆脱；脱离breakoff折断；打断breakup打碎；散开；解散；分手breakthrough突围；突破[即学即用](1)Somethingunexpectedalwaysbreaksoutinthisarea.在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。(2)Yourhealthwillbreak_downifyouworktoohard.太劳累的话，你的身体会垮的。(3)Hebroke_inwithsomeideasofhisown.他插嘴讲了自己的一些想法。(4)Hebroke_offinthemiddleofasentence.他一句话只说了一半就停住了。(5)Theyhadnochoicebuttobreak_up.除了分手，他们没有别的选择。(6)Firemenhadtobreak_intothedoortoreachthepeopletrappedinside.消防队队员不得不把门砸开找到里面被困的人。[辨析比较]happen发生，强调“发生”的偶然性occur“发生”，指意想不到的事情的发生，与happen基本相同takeplace“发生，实行”，强调必定性或按事先的支配或支配而发生comeabout“发生”，相当于happen，常用于Howdiditcomeaboutthat...？句型，意为“怎么会……呢？”breakout“发生”，指灾难性的斗争、火灾、疾病等的突然发生3eq\a\vs4\al(putintoprison关进监狱)(教材P26)Duringthewar,Marcowasthecaptainofawarshipbutwascaughtbytheenemyandputintoprison.在斗争中，马可成为一艘战舰的舰长，但不幸被俘入狱。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1putsb.in/intoprison,throw/castsb.intoprison,sendsb.toprison))eq\a\vs4\al(把某人关进监狱留意,短语中不同的介词)beinprison坐牢outofprison出狱留意：上述短语中的prison具有抽象意义，意为“坐牢”，是不行数名词，前面不加冠词；如指监狱场所，则是可数名词，前面可加冠词。(2)在一些短语中，带不带冠词含义有所不同。如：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(gotoschool去上学,gototheschool到学校去))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(inhospital住院,inthehospital在医院里))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(inchargeof负责；管理,inthechargeof由……负责，由……管理))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(infrontof在……前面,inthefrontof在……前部))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(outofquestion不成问题,outofthequestion根本不行能))[即学即用](1)Hersonwasputintoprisonforstealingsomethingfromtheshop.她儿子因为在商店里偷东西而被关进了监狱。(2)Hebrokethelaw,andthereforewasput_into_prison.他触犯了法律，因此被关进监狱。(3)Hehasbeenout_of_prisonforthreeyearsnow.他现已出狱三年。(4)Heisin_prison,_awaitingtrial.他正在拘押候审中。eq\o(\s\up1(4),\s\do5())standby遵守，坚持；忠于，支持，站在……一边；站在一旁，袖手旁观(教材P26)ButMarcoalwaysstoodbyhistales.但马可总坚持他所讲的故事是真的。standbysb.支持某人standfor代表；象征standout惹眼；引人注目standupfor支持；维护standupto英勇面对；经得起[即学即用](1)Shestillstandsbyeverywordshesays.她照旧恪守她说过的每一句话。(2)Therewereseveralpeoplestanding_bywhentheaccidenthappened.事故发生时有几人在场。(3)Hestood_outinthecrowdbecausehewassotall.他在人群中特别惹眼，因为他个子很高。(4)Westand_up_forthecauseoflibertyandjustice.我们拥护自由和正义。(5)ThePRCstands_forthePeople'sRepublicofChina.PRC代表中华人民共和国。(6)Nomatterwhathappens,I'llstand_byyou,sodon'tbefrustrated.不管发生什么，我都会支持你，所以别懊丧。eq\o(\s\up1(1),\s\do5())教材P26AlthoughMarcowasyoung，hewasverycleverandcouldalreadyspeakfourlanguages.虽然马可很年轻，但他聪慧伶俐，会讲四种语言。本句中although是连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，可以换成though。(1)though/although引导让步状语从句时，主句可用yet或still引导，更加强调对比性，但不行用but。(2)在多数情形下，although可与though通用，但是以下状况除外：①eventhough(即使)中的though不能和although通用。②though(可是；然而)可以独立用作副词，常放在句末，而although无此用法。③though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装，而although从句则不能。as,though引导的让步状语从句倒装，即把从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首(作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去)。[即学即用](1)Althoughmycarisveryold,Idon'twanttobuyanewone.虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。(2)Heinsistedondoingitalthough/thoughIwarnedhimnotto.虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍旧坚持要做。(3)Even_thoughwecouldaffordit,wewouldn'tgoabroadforourvacation.即使我们付得起这笔钱，我们也不出国度假。(4)It'shardwork.Ienjoyit,though.工作很苦，可是我喜爱。(5)Bravelythough_they_fought,_theyhadnochanceofwinning.虽然他们打得很英勇，但还是没有机会获胜。eq\o(\s\up1(2),\s\do5())教材P26Althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook，manyofthemthoughtthatMarco'sstoriesaboutChinaweretoofantastictobetrue.虽然人们爱读他的书，但很多人认为马可的关于中国的故事太离奇而不行信。句中toofantastictobetrue为too...to...结构，意思是“太……而不能……”。(1)too...(forsb.)to...(对于某人来说)太……而不能……，相当于so...that...引导的结果状语从句的否定形式。(2)too...to...结构并不都表示否定，下列状况中的too...to表示确定意义：①当too后的形容词是表示心情的词或描述性形容词，如：anxious,glad,ready,eager,easy,nice,willing,happy,pleased,surprised,kind,delighted等时，too的含义是very，表示确定意义。②在not,never,only,all,but,just等后的too...to...结构中，不定式没有否定含义，意为“特别……”“特别……”“真是太……”等。③too...nottodo...结构，表示“太……而不会不……”，是双重否定表示确定。[即学即用](1)Hewalkstooslowlytogetthereontime.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那里。(2)It'snevertoocarefulto_cross_the_road.过公路时越当心越好。(3)I'llbeonlytoo_pleasedtobeabletodothejobforyou.我能为您效劳，真是特别兴奋。(4)单句语法填空①Theoldmanistooeasyto_get(get)along