2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD突破语法大冲关学案含解析新人教版必修第一册

UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD定语从句(Ⅱ)[视察例句]1．Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.2．...asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically...3．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.4．ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup，andthatIwouldneverliveinacountrywhereGermanwasspoken.5．Ifinallyunderstoodthereasonwhymymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.6．ThenIsawanadvertisementthatofferedawonderfulsummercourseinGerman，andthatwasthedaywhenIdecidedtotakeonanewlanguage.[归纳用法]一、关系副词的用法关系副词在引导定语从句时，其功能相当于介词短语，在句中作状语。when，where，why在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和缘由状语。1．when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttotheGreatWall.我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。Thedaywhenwegettogetherwillcomesoon.我们重聚的日子很快就会来的。[名师点津]若时间名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。Doyourememberthedays(which/that)wespenttogether?你还记得我们一起度过的那些日子吗？(关系代词在从句中作宾语)2．where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。Heisnowworkinginthefactorywherehisfatherworked.现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。[名师点津]若地点名词后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。Theschool(which/that)wevisitedyesterdayisnewlybuilt.我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词在从句中作宾语)3．why指缘由，在定语从句中作缘由状语。Thereasonwhyhesucceededintheexamisthathestudiedveryhard.他考试胜利的缘由是他学习很仔细。[名师点津]若reason后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。Thisisthereason(which/that)ourteachergaveusfordoingit.这就是我们老师给我们的做此事的理由。(关系代词在从句中作宾语)Hegavemeareasonwhich/thatwasreasonable.他给了我一个合情合理的理由。(关系代词在从句中作主语)[即学即练1]用适当的关系副词填空①HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.②Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.③Couldyoutellmethereasonwhysherefusedtogoabroad?二、“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句1．“介词＋关系代词”结构引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介词＋which/whom，且不能省略。Ifyouhaveanythingonwhichyouwantmyopinions，feelfreetoseeme.假如你们有什么事须要征求我的看法的话，随时来找我。Itookaphotoofthestudents，amongwhomwasseatedateacher.我给这些学生拍了一张照片，他们中间坐着一位老师。2．“介词＋关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选择：一先，二动，三意义。“一先”，即依据先行词来确定介词。ThefactoryinwhichI'mworkingmainlyproducescomputers.我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。(inwhich代替inthefactory，“在工厂里”用介词in。)“二动”，即依据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。Inthedarkstreettherewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。(towhom代替toaperson；turntosb.forhelp“向某人求助”。)“三意义”，即依据定语从句的意义来确定介词。IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5：30p.m.，bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.在办公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有点空闲，到那时，很多人已经回家了。3．介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋ofwhich/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures，eachofwhichusesitdifferently.英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化运用它的方式各不相同。Icollectedsomebooks，thecoversofwhich(＝whosecovers/ofwhichthecovers)areyellowwithyears.我保藏了一些书，它们的封面因年头久远都变黄了。4．“复合介词＋which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。Helivedinabighouse，infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。[名师点津](1)当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配不行分割时，那么该动词短语中的介词不能前置，如listento，lookat，lookfor，lookinto，dependon，makeuseof，payattentionto，takecareof等。ThisisthepenwhichI'mlookingfor.这是我正在找的那支钢笔。(2)“介词＋where”和“介词＋which”的用法不同，如：Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow，fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.他的头很快从窗口露出来，从那儿除了树木他什么也看不见。(fromwhere相当于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow)[即学即练2]单句语法填空①Scientistshavecomeupwithmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanscry，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.②Theoldmanhastwosons，bothofwhomarelawyers.③Mycomputer，withoutwhichIcan'tsurftheInternet，brokedownyesterday.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thevalleywherethetownliesisverybeautiful.2．Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogetherinthecountryside.3．Therewasaperiodoftimeinhischildhoodwhenhelikedlisteningtostoriesverymuch.4．Iknowthegirlwhomtheteachertalkedwithyesterday.5．Shehastwosons，bothofwhomgraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.6．Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatsomethingwaswrongwithhisbikeontheway.7．Thehouseforwhichhepaid200,000yuanisnowworth350,000yuan.8．ThemanfromwhomIgotaletterwasmybrother.9．Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.10．Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.Ⅱ.短文语法填空(用适当的关系词填空)Therewasatime1.whenIwastiredoflearningEnglishanddislikedtospeakEnglish.Andthiswasthereason2.whymyfatherforcedmetojoinina30­daytraininginanEnglishclubbeforeIwenttoseniorhighschool.WhenIfirstcametotheclub，3.whereImetmanystrangers，Imissedmyparentsverymuch.SoIpackedupmythingsandwantedtogohome.Fortunately，myguideteacher4.whosenamewasLiYang，communicatedwithmefacetoface，from5.whichIgainedsomeusefulinstructions.Healsoshowedmeagoodpartner，andwegotalongwellwitheachother.GraduallyIadaptedtothelifethere.EverydayIwouldliketotalktootherteenagersandsetdownaseriesofactivities6.that/whichwedid.Myfatherandtheguide7.who/thatencouragedmetofallinlovewithEnglishshouldbeappreciated.NowIfeelitinterestingtolearnEnglish，into8.which