江苏省2023届高三上学期大联考英语试卷 附答案

2023届高三年级大联考英语注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题纸卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.Totheundergroundstation.B.Totherestaurant.C.Tothehospital.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?ABorrowthecomputergame.B.ReturnthecomputergamelaterC.Invitethemantoplaythecomputergame.3.Whatdidthemandislikeaboutthefilm?A.Thestory.B.Themusic.C.Thepicture.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Whoshouldcleantheroom.B.Whentheywillcleantheroom.C.Howtheyshouldcleantheroom.5.WhydidthemanleavePennsylvania?A.Thetownwastoosmall.B.Hehadproblemswiththelanguage.C.HehadtoteachSpanishinNewJersey.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatrelationisthewomantotheman?A.Hisdoctor.B.Hismother.C.HisP.E.teacher.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takeregulartests.B.Joinahealthclub.C.Getlotsoffreshair.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howdoesthewomanoftengettowork?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sidea?A.Reasonable.B.Unacceptable.C.Useful.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydothespeakersmakeanappointment?A.Toreviewtheirpresentation.B.Tostudyforapapertogether.C.Topreparematerialsforaclasspresentation.11.Whatwillthemandobeforehemeetsthewoman?A.PrintoutthepaperB.Getthebooksfromthelibrary.C.CollectinformationontheInternet.12.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnMonday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whereistheboynow?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Atapizzahouse.14.Whydoesthewomanmakethephonecall?A.Toremindtheboyofhisbasketballpractice.B.Toasktheboytoordersomepizzas.C.Toleaveamessage.15Whatisthewoman’snewmobilenumber?A.85659772.B.84658722.C.84659772.16.Whenwilltheboy’sfatherpickhimup?A.At5:30p.m.B.At3:30p.m.C.At2:00p.m.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatwillhappenatSam’sDiscotonight?A.Itwillbeopenlonger.B.Itwillbehalfpriceallnight.C.Itwillhaveabigbirthdaypartythere.18.Wherewillthefootballmatchbeheld?A.InHenry’sCollege.B.IntheSportsCenter.C.InSouthPark.19.Whatwillthefootballersdoafterthematch?A.Attendaparty.B.Haveapicnic.C.Enjoyaconcert.20.WhenwilleverybodyarriveatThorntonForest?A.Atabout12:20p.m.B.Atabout12:30p.m.C.Atabout12:50p.m.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABestSummerJobsforHighSchoolStudentsWorkingduringthesummerwhenschoolisoutofsessionisagreatopportunityforteenagerstomakemoneyandgainvaluableworkplaceexperience.RestaurantServerFoodanddrinkservicejobsareplentiful.Althoughaveragebasepayispoor,workerswhocartstipscandowellforthemselves.AndsomenationalchainshavetheresourcestopaymoreStarbucksemployeescanearnabout$12perhowonaverage,andmayqualifyforabenefitspackagethatincludeshealthinsurance.GroceryStoreWorkerGrocerystorejobsarealsorelativelyplentiful.Althoughmostgroceryemployeesdon’tearntips,basepayisgenerallyabovethefederalminimumwage—about$12perhour.Jobsthatrequireworkerstooperateheavymachineryareinaccessibletoworkersunderage18.Grocerystoreemployeestypicallyworkinshifts,withpart-timerspollingfourtoeighthoursatastretch.Peakshoppinghourstendtofallonweekendsandearlyevenings.TutorIfyou’vealreadytakenanddonewellonstandardizedtestsliketheSATorACT,youcanhelpthesestudentsandearndecentpayasatutor.Tutorpayvariesbyspecialty,experience,andeducationalattainment.Tutorswhothemselvesarehighschoolstudentsorrecentgraduatesaren’tlikelytoearnmuchmorethanthenationalaveragerateofS18perhour.Career-TrackIntern(实习)Evenifyouhaven’tyetdecidedwhatyouwantyour“rear”careertobe,highschoolsummersoffertheperfectopportunitytotestajobyouthinkyou’lllike.Summerinternshipsareoftenunpaid,forcingstudentstoconsiderwhethertheopportunityisworththecost.That’slikelytocomedowntothevalueoftheexperienceandtheconnectionsthatcouldlandyouahigher-paying,career-trackjobdowntheroad.1.Whatisthefeatureofgrocerystorejobs?A.Noemployeesgettips.B.Theyaretoughtoobtain.C.TheyareforpeopleagedD.Theemployeesdoshiftwork.2.WhatisspecialaboutCareer-TrackIntern?A.It’softendonewithoutpayment.B.Itisworththebigexpense.C.Itguaranteesyouagoodcareer.D.Itprovidesyouwithexperience.3.Whichjobfavorsanacademicallyexcellentstudent?A.RestaurantServer. B.GroceryStoreWorker.C.Career-TrackIntern. D.Tutor.BHeroesMonicaandBryanDavieshadonlyjusttrainedascouriers(递送员)forthecharityAnthonyNolanwhenthecoronavirusbrokeout.Buttheyweredeterminedtovolunteertodeliverstemcellstocancerpatients,inspiredbytheirdaughterHelen’sbravebattlewithherillnessandmeetingtheselflessstemcelldonorwhocametoherrescue.Monica,67,said:“Icouldn’tbearthethoughtthatotherfamiliesstandingbyahospitalbed,beingtoldthetransplantcouldn’tgoaheadbecausethestemcellscouldn’tgetthrough.”Helenwasdiagnosed(诊断)withHodgkinsLymphomain2010.Thediagnosiswasallthemoreterrifyingasaclosefamilyfriendhadlosttheirteenagesontothediseaseadecadeearlier,butatfirstthedoctorscomfortedHelenandsaidshewaslikelytomakeafullrecovery.ThedoctorssaidHelen’sageandfitnessworkedinherfavour.Theysaidshewouldhavesixmonthsoftreatmentandshewouldbefine.Butwithinmonthsoffinishinghertreatment,Helen’scoughreturnedandscansrevealedashadowonherchest.Furtherinvestigationsconfirmedthecancerwasback.Thedoctorsusedupalltreatmentsexceptastemcelltransplantfromadonor.ThankfullyamatchingdonorwasfoundontheAnthonyNolanstemcellregisterandHelenhadhertransplantinMarch2014.ThistimeHelenmadeagoodrecovery.Shewantedtocontactherdonor,butstrictanonymity(匿名)rulespreventpatientsmeetingtheirdonorfortwoyearsafterthetransplant.Assoonasshewasallowed,HelenmadecontactwithherdonorBenPotts,fromKent.TheyquicklybecamefriendsandsheinvitedhimtoherweddinginSeptember2016.Afterthat,MonicaandBryandecidedtosupportAnthonyNolanandvolunteeredtobecomestemcellcourierswhentheyretiredandreturnedtoEngland.Thecouplemadethreedeliveriesaweekatthepeakofthepandemic.They’venowcovered15,000miles.HennyBraund,AnthonyNolan’schiefexecutivesaid:“Overthelastyearourvolunteercouriershaveshowedjusthowcommittedtheyaretogivingpeoplewithbloodcancerasecondchanceoflife.”4.Whatinspiredthecoupletovolunteertodeliverstemcells?A.Thepainsofcancerpatients. B.Theirdaughter’sexperience.C.Theoutbreakofcoronavirus. D.Thedonors’selflessdevotion.5.Whatwasthedoctors’initialfeelingaboutHelen’scondition?A.Confident. B.Terrified. C.Desperate. D.Embarrassed.6.Whycouldn’tHelenmeetherdonoratfirst?A.Shedidnotmakeafullrecovery.B.Thedonorrefusedtobecontacted.C.Theyarrangedalatertimetomeet.D.Shehadnoideawhosavedherlife.7Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Acharitableorganization.B.Agirlfightingagainstcancer.C.Acoupledeliveringstemcells.D.Asuccessfulstemcelltransplant.CTocommunicatewithothers,we,thepeople,havedifferentlanguages.Butwhataboutotheranimalsandplants?Well,accordingtoascientist,plantstalktoeachotherusinglanguage.JimWestwood,aVirginiaTechscientist,madethisdiscoverybylookingattheinteractionsbetweenaparasitic(寄生的)plantcalledadodderandtwotypesofhostplants,asmallfloweringplantandatomatoplant.Doddersusearoot—likeparttoentertheirhostplantsandfeedontheirnutrients.Inpreviousstudies,Westwoodhaddiscoveredthatduringthisinteraction,RNAmolecules(分子),whichplayacrucialroleintranslatinginformationpasseddownfromDNA,werebeingpassedbetweenthetwospecies.Andrecently,WestwoodlookedintothepossibilitythataspecialtypeofRNAmolecules,mRNAorMessengerRNA,werealsobeingexchangedbetweentheparasiticandhostplants,mRNAmoleculessendmessageswithincells,instructingthemonwhichactionstotakeandwhen.Throughthisexchange,theparasiticplantmaybeinstructingitshosttoloweritsdefensessothattheparasiticplantcanmoreeasilyattackit.Besidesgivingusamuchdeeperinsightintothebehaviourofplants,thisinformationcouldhelpscientistscomeupwithbettersolutionstofighttheparasiticweedsthatthreatenfoodcrops.ParasiticplantsareseriousproblemsforcropsthathelpfeedsomeofthepoorestregionsinAfricaandelsewhere.Inaddition,ithasexcitingimplicationsforthedesignofnovelcontrolstrategiesbasedoninterruptingthemRNAinformationthattheparasite(寄生虫)usestoreprogramthehost.“ThebeautyofthisdiscoveryisthatthismRNAcouldbetheAchilles’heelforparasites,”Westwoodsaid.“Thisisallreallyexcitingbecausetherearesomanypotentialimplicationssurroundingthisnewinformation.Nowthatwehavefoundthattheyaresharingallthisinformation,thenextquestionis,‘Whatexactlyaretheytellingeachother?’.”8.What’sWestwood’snewdiscovery?A.RNAcantranslateDNAinformation.B.Parasiteplantscancontroltheirhosts.C.Plantscanuselanguagetocommunicate.D.Plantscantalktoeachotherviatheroots.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutmRNAmolecules?A.Theyissueinstructionstotheplants.B.TheytranslateinformationfromRNA.C.Theydefendtheplantsagainstattacks.D.Theyareexchangedbetweentheplants.10.InwhataspectcouldWestwood’sfindingshelp?A.Solvetheissuesoffoodshortage.B.Buildthehost-parasiterelationship.C.Identifythegenesofthehostplants.D.Studytheconnectionbetweenplants.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraphprobablymean?AAbigdeal. B.Aweakpoint.C.Anopportunity. D.Anachievement.DThespacecommunityistakingtheorbitaldebris(碎片)threatincreasinglyseriouslythesedays.Multiplesatellite“mega-constellations(巨型星座)”areintheworks,makingspacetrafficmanagementandspace-junkremovalmorepressingissuesthanthey’veeverbeen.Forinstance,SpaceXhasalreadylaunchedmorethan1,700satellitesforitsStarlinkbroadbandconstellation.Thecompanyultimatelywantstolauncharound30,000Starlinksatellitesintoorbit.OneWebhaslaunchedmorethanhalfofthesatellitesforitsplanned648-memberconstellation,whichmayalsogrowbeyondthatinitialnumberastimegoeson.Inaddition,satelliteconstructioncostscontinuetofall,allowingmoreandmorepeopletogetsatellitesupandoperatethem—includingfolkswithverylittleexperienceinthefield.Thisopeningofthefinalfrontierisgenerallyagoodthing,butitfurtherhighlightstheneedforresponsibleactionwhenitcomestosatelliteoperation.In2019,forexample,theSpaceSafetyCoalition(SSC)laidoutasetofproposedvoluntaryguidelinesdesignedtocontrolspacejunkoverthecomingyears.Onerecommendationisthatallsatellitesoperatingabove250milesbeequippedwithpropulsion(推进)systems,allowingthemtogetawayfrompossiblecollisions(碰撞).TheSSCalsorecommendsoperatorswhocontrolsatellitesinlowEarthorbitshouldincludeintheirlaunchcontractsarequirementthatrocketupperstagesshouldbegotridofintheatmosphereshortlyafterliftoff.Moreactivedebris-fightingstrategiescouldalsobepartofthesolution.Removingjustahandfulofrocketbodiesordeadsatelliteseveryyearcouldhelpuskeepourspace-junkproblemundercontrol,accordingtosomestudies.Andresearchersaroundtheworldaredevelopingandtestingwaystodojustthat,usingnets,harpoons(鱼叉)andothermethods.Thespace-junkissueisaglobalone,sogovernmentsaroundtheworldshouldhaveconversationsabouthowtodealwithit.Let’shopethetalks,thedecisionsandthetechendupoutpacingtheproblem.12.WhatdothetwoexamplesinParagraph2illustrate?A.Orbitaldebrisensuresatellitesafety.B.Constellationsconsistofmanysatellites.C.Spaceisbecomingincreasinglycrowded.D.SpaceXhashighercapacitytoexplorespace.13.Whycanmorepeoplesendsatellitesintoorbit?A.Experienceinthisareaisrich.B.Satellitesarecheapertomake.C.Satelliteoperationsrequirelittleskills.D.Spaceisaccessibletocommonpeople.14.Whatisaneffectivewaytocontrolspacejunk?A.Removedeadsatellitesfromorbit.BCooperateinmonitoringsatellites.C.Operatesatellitesatafixedheight.D.Recyclearocketshortlyafterliftoff.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SpacejunkcleanupB.TherisksofspacejunkC.SpacedebrisandsatellitesD.Guidelinesforspacesafety第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Goodhealthcanbedefinedasphysical,mental,andsocialwellbeing,andasaresourceforlivingafulllife.Butmaintaininggoodhealthdoesn’thappenbyaccident.____16____Studieshavefoundthatinflammation(炎症)candamagetissue,joints,arterywalls,andorgans.Ahealthydietisrichinfiber,wholegrains,freshfruitsandvegetables,goodorunsaturatedfats,andomega-3fattyacids.____17____TheMediterraneandietmeetsallofthecriteriaforgoodhealth,andthereisconvincingevidencethatitiseffectiveatwardingoffheartattack,stroke,andprematuredeath.Physicalactivityisalsonecessaryforgoodhealth.Therearemanybenefitstoexercisingregularly.Theseincludealowerriskofdiseaseslikecanceranddiabetes,improvedphysicalfunction,andahigherqualityoflife.____18____Forexample,pregnantwomenwhoengageinroutinephysicalactivityarelesslikelytogainalargeamountofweightorexperiencedepressionaftergivingbirth,elderlypeoplewhoexerciseareatlowerriskofbeinginjuredduringafall.Stresscanhavebothdirectandindirecteffectsthatunderminephysicalhealthandbody.Findingwaystoreducestressisanotherstrategythatcanhelpyoustayhealthy,giventheconnectionbetweenstressandavarietyofdisorders.____19____Trymeditation,mindfulness,yoga,playingonweekends,andtakingvacations.____20____Ifsomethinghappenstoyourhealth,aphysicianyouknow—andwhoknowsyou—isinthebestpositiontohelp.Heorsheknowshowtodealwitheverythingfromhelpingyouthroughaboutwiththeflutobackpainanddigestionissues,touncoveringseriousillnesseslikecancerandheartdisease.A.Therearemanywaystorelievestress.B.Exercisingcanalsobenefitcertaingroups.C.Aimfor150minutesofexerciseeveryweek.D.Haveconsultationswithfamousandreliabledoctors.E.Thesedietarycomponentscanturndowninflammation.F.Establishagoodrelationshipwithaprimarycarephysician.G.Itrequireswork,smartlifestylechoices,andregularcheckups.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。80-year-oldJoaoisagreatBrazilianclassicalpianist.Attheageof8,hehadalreadywonacontest____21____Bach.Hecouldplay21notespersecondatthe____22____ofhisskills.However,fortunewasn’t____23____toJoao.At24yearsold,hesufferedanaccidentthat____24____thenervesinthreeofhisfingers.Andat55,hewasstruckinthehead,leavinghimwithbraininjuriesthatcompletelyparalyzed(使瘫痪)his____25____.Hehadtoabandonthepiano,sincehecould____26____usehisfingers.Butparalyzedhandsweren’tenoughtomakehim____27____hismusicalcareer.Joaobecamea(n)____28____in2003.Hecouldn’tturnthepagesinthescoreorevenswingthestick,soinstead,hejustcommittedeveryscoreto____29____,notebynote—almost5,000scorepages.Luckily,anengineerwhosawhimplayinglivedecidedto_____30_____somethingtohelphim.Afteraconcert,he_____31_____Joaowiththefirstmodelofapairofspecialartificialgloves.After_____32_____severalmodels,theperfectmatchwascreated.Theglovesprovidethenecessary_____33_____foreachfingerandcaneven“tune”towhatheplays.Aftermorethan20years,Joãocouldfinally_____34_____withhispiano.Joãoknowsthathemightneverrecoverhis_____35_____ofthepast.Buthe’sstartingover,andhewillkeeppushing.21.A.adapting B.reciting C.playing D.writing22.A.mercy B.option C.drop D.peak23.A.kind B.equal C.mean D.familiar24.A.repaired B.damaged C.sustained D.touched25.A.legs B.arms C.face D.chest26.A.totally B.simply C.barely D.freely27.A.pursue B.choose C.start D.quit28.A.conductor B.director C.assistant D.operator29.A.memory B.display C.paper D.trial30.A.detect B.promote C.purchase D.invent31.A.restricted B.approached C.directed D.released32.A.showingoff B.givingaway C.settingup D.testingout33.A.support B.guidance C.attention D.assignment34.A.compare B.age C.reunite D.start35.A.health B.speed C.vision D.strength第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Althoughpicturequality____36____(improve)greatlywiththedevelopmentofflat-screentelevisions,soundhastakenadive.Theproblemisthattelevisionswithslimmed-downscreenshaveinsufficientroomfordecentspeakerstobefittedtothem,eitherattheback____37____intheframe(框).Suchtelevisionsareusuallyconnectedto____38____externalsoundsystem,suchasasoundbarorahome-cinemasystem,____39____(make)theiraudioqualitybetter.Theloudspeakersofearlytelevisionswereasbigasthescreen,butengineershavegotgoodatmakingspeakerssmallerandputtingtheminto____40____(tight)spaces.Sonyisthefirstcompanytodevelop____41____itcallsAcousticSurface.Unlike____42____(tradition)ones,thisscreengivesoffthelightdirectly.Thismeansitisabletovibrate(振动)more____43____(flexible).Thisvibrationisinvisibletothevieweranddoesnotaffectpicturequality.Onebeneficialconsequenceisthataprogram’smusic____44____(broadcast)directlyattheviewerinsteadoffromtheside.Itisalsopossibletocreatestereo(立体的)effectsby____45____(move)thesound’spointoforiginacrossthescreen.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Staysafeontheroad为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：1.现状；2.提出建议；3.发起呼吁。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式写字答题卡的相应位置作答。Staysafeontheroad__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Masonfollowedhismothertothemarketasusual.Itwasathingheenjoyedbecausethemarketwassuchanexcitingplace.Therewasalwayssomethinginterestingtosee.Thatday,Masoncaughtsightofamiddle-agedmanwithuntidyhairandoldclothes.Hewasabeggar.Heheldoutawoodenbowlandpassers-bydroppedincoins.Mason’smotherputasmallcoinintothebowlasshepassedhimby.Hiseyesfollowedthemotherandsonastheysetoffforhome.AsMasonandhismotherturnedintothenarrowpaththatledtotheirhouse,hesuddenlyrealizedthatthebeggarwasfollowingthem.Masontoldhismotheraboutit.Alarmed,shequickenedherstepsandassoonastheygotinsidetheirhouse,shelockedit.Masonpeeredoutthewindowandsawthebeggarsittingonthegroundnearthegate.Whydidthebeggarfollowthem?Masonwishedheknew.Afteracoupleofhours,Mason’smotherbecameconcernedforthepoorbeggar.Hehadnotmovedfromhisspot.Shegathereduphercourageandwenttoaskthebeggartoleave.Butthebeggarmerelylookedatherwithagentlesmile.Worriedthathewouldfallillwithnofoodandwater,shesentMasontogivehimabowlofriceandvegetablesandsometea.Thebeggarateanddrank.Thenhelaydownunderatreetosleep.Mason’smotherwasatalossastowhatelsetodo.Shewasjustapoorwomanwithayoungson.Sincethebeggarrefusedtoleave,sheandMasonbuiltalittleshelterforhim.Heseemedcontentwithwhatevertheygavehim.Aweekpassedandoneday,Masonfoundthebeggargone.Masonandhismothersearchedforhimbuthewasnowheretobefound.Theydidn’tknowwhathadhappenedtohim.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Twodayslater,acarstoppedoutsideMason’shouseandawell-dressedmangotout.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Therichmanwhohadpretendedtobethebeggartookoutalargesumofmoney.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________