2024年高二英语下学期期末模拟卷01（浙江专用）（解析版）

2024年高二英语下学期期末模拟卷01（浙江专用）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Howmuchshouldan11-year-oldchildpaytovisitthemuseum?A．16. B．8. C．6.【答案】B【原文】M:Howmuchisthetickettothemuseum?W:16foradultsandhalfofthatforchildrenunder12.2．Whichcoursesdoesthewomanadvisethemantotake?A．Scienceandmusic. B．Spanishandart. C．Musicandart.【答案】C【原文】M:Allthesecoursesarequitenewtome.Idon’tknowwhichonestotakethisterm.W:Whataboutmusicandart?Theyarecertainlymoreinterestingthananyofthosesciencecourses.3．Whendoesthewomanliketoclimbthehill?A．Inthewinter. B．Inthespring. C．Inthesummer.【答案】A【原文】M:I’vehikedupthishilltwicethisyearalready,anditwashotinthespringandthesummer.W:Yeah,soIprefertoclimbitinthewinter.We’llbepreparedforthecold.4．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Cleaningtheroom. B．Buyingschoolsupplies. C．Clearingupaschoolbag.【答案】C【原文】W:Pens,paper,anoldnotebookfromlastyear.Doyouevercleanoutyourbookbag,Peter?M:Oh,notmuch.Iguessthat’swhyit’ssoheavy.5．Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A．Sellheranewcar. B．Driveherhome. C．Checkhercar.【答案】C【原文】M:So,what’stheproblem,madam?W:Theengineismakingastrangesound.Couldyoutakealookatit?Ireallycan’taffordanewcarnow.M:I’lltakeacloserlook.Don’tworry.Thiscarcandefinitelygoforanotherfiftythousandmiles.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．What’sthewoman’sfavoritesporttowatch?A．Baseball. B．Basketball. C．Football.7．Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A．Helikeswatchingandplayingsports.B．Hetakessportsnearlyeveryday.C．Hedoesn’tlikeplayingsports.【答案】6．B7．C【原文】M:Whatsportsdoyouliketowatch?M:Ilikeplayingsportsnearlyeveryday.MyfavoritesportstowatchisbasketballbecauseI’mabigfan.ButIwatchnearlyanything,evenbaseball,butonlyifthere’scheapbeer.Whataboutyou?Doyoulikewatchingsports?M:Ilovetowatchsports.I’mtoolazytoplayanyofthem,butIreallylovetowatch.W:Youhaveafavorite?M:Yes.Ireally,reallylovetowatchfootballaswell.Somethingabouthotguyschasingafterafootball.It’sveryexcitingtowatch.W:That’swhattheydo.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whydoesthewomanwanttochangeherapartment?A．It’sfarawayfromhercompany.B．Theapartmenthasnofurniture.C．Shehasnoenoughmoney.9．Whatnecessitiesdoesthewomanrequire?A．FurnitureandWi-Fi.B．RefrigeratorandWi-Fi.C．Televisionandfurniture.【答案】8．A9．B【原文】W:Mr.Duncan,I’vedecidedtochangeaplace.M:Oh,why?Ithoughtyoulikedtheapartment.Aretheneighborstoonoisy?W:No,theneighborsarenice,butitistoofarawayfrommyoffice.ThesubwayistoocrowdedeverymorningI’malmostsqueezedtodeath.M:Okay.Howmuchdoyouwanttospendonrent?W:Between500dollarsand600dollarsamonth,butmustbenearmycompany.M:Anythingelse?Doyouneedafurnishedapartment?W:Notnecessary,butatelevision,arefrigeratorandWiFimustbeprovided.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Whoisthewoman?A．Ashopassistant. B．Acustomer. C．Achef.11．Whatsizejeansdoesthemanwear?A．Small. B．Medium. C．Large.12．Whatcolorshirtdoesthemanprefer?A．Yellow. B．Purple. C．Orange.【答案】10．A11．B12．B【原文】M:Pardonme,doyouhavethisstyleofjeansinanothersize?W:Certainly.Whatsizewouldyoulike?M:Well,thelargesizeistoolong.I’lltrythemediumsize.W:Sure.Butweonlyhavelightblueandgrayinmediumrightnow.M:Oh,Ireallylikethedarkblue.Butlightblueisokay,too.Also,doyouhavemoreofthisstyleofshirtinlargesize?IboughtonelasttimeIwashereanditfitsgreat.W:Yes,wehavemoreofthose.M:Ipreferdarkcolorslikepurpleinsteadofbrightcolorslikeyellowororange.W:Okay,apurpleshirt,andmediumjeans.Hereyouare.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Relatives. B．Friends. C．Classmates.14．Whatisthemanstudyinginhisfreetimenow?A．Computerprogramming. B．Law. C．Medicine.15．Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutelectronicbooks?A．Theyarecheap.B．Theyareexpensive.C．Theyarenotbetterthanpaperbooks.16．Wherewillthewomanprobablyworkinthefuture?A．Inaschool. B．Inabookstore. C．Inahospital.【答案】13．A14．A15．C16．C【原文】W:Hi,cousin.Ihaven’tseenyousincethelastyear’sfamilygathering.What’snew?M:Well,mostrecentlyIstartedtakingsomeonlineclasses.W:You’restudyingmore?Haven’tyoulearnedenough?M:No,never.AfterIfinishedmyfinanceclasses,IthoughtIshouldchallengemyselfwithcomputerprogramming.So,I’mlearningthatnowinmyfreetime.There’salottoread.Butfortunatelyalltheclassbooksareelectronic.They’recheaper,andofcourse,Icantakethemanywhere.W:Don’tyoureyesgettiredfromlookingatyourcomputersomuch?Peoplesayelectronicbooksaremoreconvenientbecausetheydon’ttakeupanymorespace.ButIjustlikethefeelofturningpagesandtheexperienceofarealbook.Paperbookswillalwaysbemyfavorite.M:Whathaveyoubeenreadinglately?W:Medicaltheoryandhistory.Iamtrainingtobecomeanurse.Ihavealottoread.Itisreallytiring,butIdon’tmind.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．Howdosmallchildrenusuallybegintolearntheirownlanguage?A．Byhearingit. B．Byspeakingit. C．Byreadingit.18．Whydothechildrenwholiveabroadwiththeirparentscanlearntwolanguagesmoreeasily?A．Theyhavemorechancestouselanguages.B．Theyhavegoodteachers.C．Theyareveryclever.19．Whichofthefollowingcantakephotosofwhatcanbeseen,felt,heard,smeltandtasted?A．Cameras. B．Memory. C．Aman'smind.20．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Agoodmemoryisagreathelpinspeakingalanguage.B．Schoolstudentshaveaverygoodlanguageenvironment.C．Schoolstudentsdon'thavealotoftimetolearnaforeignlanguage.【答案】17．A18．A19．C20．C【原文】Agoodmemoryisagreathelpinlearningalanguage.Everybodylearnshisownlanguagebyrememberingwhathehearswhenheisasmallchildandsomechildren,likeboysandgirlswholiveabroadwiththeirparents,seemtolearntwolanguagesalmostaseasilyasone.Atschoolitisn'teasytolearnaforeignlanguagewellbecausethepupilsdon'thaveaverygoodlanguageenvironmentandtheyhavesolittletimeforit.Theyarebusywithothersubjects,too.Aman'smindisratherlikeacamera,butittakesphotosnotonlyofwhatweseebutalsoofwhatwefeel,hear,smellandtaste.Whenwetakearealphotowithacamera,thereismuchtodobeforethephotoisfinishedandreadytoshowtoourfriends.Inthesameway,thereismuchworktobedonebeforewecankeepapictureforeverinourmind.Memoryisthediarythatweallcarryaboutwithus.第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节

（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyouwanttofillyourshelveswiththebestbooksofalltime,you’reintherightplace.WheretheSidewalkEndsbyShelSilverstein(1974)TheimaginationofShelSilversteinisonfulldisplayinthisclassiccollectionofshortstoriesandpoems.Thebookistrulyoneofthebestpoetrybooksofalltimebecauseofitsstayingpowerforchildren.ThestoriesofthisAmericanpoet,author,singerandfolkartisthavesomethingforeveryone.AnnaKareninabyLeoTolstoy(1878)Mostcriticsregarditasoneofthemosttypicalliterarylovestories.Theauthor’sRussiantaleofunfortunateloversisfilledwithfascinatingquoteslike,“Hesteppeddown,tryingnottolooklongather,asifshewerethesun,yethesawher,likethesun,evenwithoutlooking.”Thisonebelongsonanybookcollector’sshelf.TheLittlePrincebyAntoinedeSaint-Exupery(1943)Itisatimelesstaleofaprince’sjourneyinsearchofadventure.Whathefinds,however,areinteractionswithadultswholeavehimsoupset.It’soneofthemostappealingshortbookswe’veeverreadandalsooneofthemostwidelyreadchildren’sclassicsallovertheworld.TheShiningbyStephenKing(1977)Themasterofmysterymustbeincludedinanylistofbooksyoushouldreadinalifetime.That’swhyyouwillfindithere.Horrorfanstakenote:ThisisoneofthescariestandbestStephenKingbooksofalltime.21．Inwhichbookcanwereadaboutunfortunatelovers?A．AnnaKarenina. B．TheShining.C．TheLittlePrince. D．WheretheSidewalkEnds.22．Whichwriterisgoodattellingatimelessjourneyofadventure?A．ShelSilverstein. B．StephenKing.C．AntoinedeSaint-Exupery. D．LeoTolstoy.23．WhatdoWheretheSidewalkEndsandTheShininghaveincommon?A．Theyarebothnovels.B．Theyarebothforchildren.C．Theyarebothaboutadults.D．Theywerebothwritteninthe1970s.【答案】21．A22．C23．D【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章推荐了适合放在书架上的几本好书。21．细节理解题。根据AnnaKarenina中关键句“Theauthor’sRussiantaleofunfortunateloversisfilledwithfascinatingquoteslike,“Hesteppeddown,tryingnottolooklongather,asifshewerethesun,yethesawher,likethesun,evenwithoutlooking.”(作者写的关于不幸恋人的俄罗斯故事充满了迷人的语录，比如，“他走下楼梯，尽量不去看她，就好像她是太阳一样，但他甚至不看她，就像太阳一样看到了她。”)”可知，《安娜·卡列尼娜》这本书讲述了不幸恋人的故事。故选A。22．细节理解题。根据TheLittlePrince中关键句“Itisatimelesstaleofaprince’sjourneyinsearchofadventure.(这是一个关于王子寻找冒险之旅的永恒故事)”可知，《小王子》讲述了一个永恒的冒险之旅的故事，作者是AntoinedeSaint-Exupery。故选C。23．细节理解题。根据WheretheSidewalkEnds的写作时间：1974及TheShining的写作时间：1977可知，这两本书的共同点是它们都写于20世纪70年代（1970s）。故选D。BDuringtheGoldRush,merchantsneededafasterwaytoshiptheirgoodstotheWest,turningeveryvoyageintoarace.ThecurrentrecordholderwastheSurprise,whichhadmadetheNewYorktoSanFranciscotripinninety-sixdays.Ellenplannedtobreakthatrecordwithhership,theFlyingCloud.Toachievethegoal,Ellenlearnedtousenavigation(航海)instrumentsanddothecomplicatedmathcalculationsfromhercaptainfather.ShealsostudiedpositioningchartsmadebyLieutenantMarthew,Ellen’sraceagainsttimebeganonJune2,1851.Itwasherresponsibilitytokeeptrackoftheship’sprogressandcurrentpositionandtoplanthebestcourseforittofollow.ShechoseacoursedifferentfromtheonesshipsnormallyusedandtheFlyingCloudpassedtheequatortwodayslessthaneverbefore.Headingsouth,whenEllenandtheFlyingCloudwasabouttoreachtheCapeHorn,powerfulwindslammedintotheship,tippingitsideways.Thirty-footwavescrashedoverthedeck.EllenknewthatthefastestwaytogettherewasthroughtheStraitofLeMaire.Butitwasrisky.Thenarrowstripofwaterwasonlyfourteenmileswidewithrockycoastsonbothsides.Itwouldnotbeaproblemonaclearday.ButFlyingCloudwashitwiththeirworststormyet.Betweentheblindingsnowandthelackofdaylight,visibilitywascuttoalmostnothing.EllenuseddeadreckoningtoplotacourseshehopedwouldtaketheFlyingCloudtowardtheentrancetothestrait.Finally,whentheskiescleared,Ellenwasrelievedtoseethatshewererightandeveryoneweresafeonboard.OnJuly22,luckywindspushedtheshipthroughthestrait.Finally,ateleven-thirtythemorningofAugust3l,185l,FlyingCloudhadcompleteditsvoyageineighty-ninedaysandtwenty-onehours,beatingSurprise’srecordbyanentireweek.CrowdsgatheredonthebeachtowatchFlyingCloud’sarrival.Newsofthebrokenrecordspreadquickly,makingEllenaninstantcelebrity.Herachievementswererecognizedinnewspapersacrossthecountry,Thesuccessofhervoyagerequiredacombinationofskill,experienceandcourage.Luckily,Ellenhadthemall.24．WhatwasEllen’smainjobontheFlyingCloud?A．Doingmathcalculationandmakingcharts.B．Analyzingthedataandpredictingtheweather.C．Locatingtheship’spositionanddecidingthecourse.D．Followingthecaptain’sinstructionsanddrawingmaps.25．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEllen?A．Intelligentandgenerous. B．Braveandstraightforward.C．Adventurousandsensitive. D．Ambitiousandcommitted.26．Whichrhetoricaldeviceisusedintheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3?A．Personification. B．Simile. C．Metaphor. D．Repetition.27．WhatwasthebiggestchallengewhenEllencrossedtheStraitofLeMaire?A．Thepowerfulwaves. B．Therockycoasts.C．Thenarrowstripofwater. D．Thelowvisibility【答案】24．C25．D26．C27．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Ellen在19世纪的淘金热期间，如何通过自己的技能、经验和勇气，驾驶FlyingCloud号船打破了从纽约到旧金山的航行记录。24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Itwasherresponsibilitytokeeptrackoftheship’sprogressandcurrentpositionandtoplanthebestcourseforittofollow.（她的责任是跟踪船只的进展和当前位置，并规划最佳航线。）”可知，Ellen在FlyingCloud号上的主要工作是定位船只的位置并决定航线。故选C项。25．推理判断题。根据第三段“Herachievementswererecognizedinnewspapersacrossthecountry,Thesuccessofhervoyagerequiredacombinationofskill,experienceandcourage.Luckily,Ellenhadthemall.（她的成就在全国的报纸上得到了认可，她的航行成功需要技能、经验和勇气的结合。幸运的是，Ellen都具备了。）”以及前文内容可知，Ellen展现了她的雄心和坚定，她获得了全国的认可，这实现了她的雄心，说明她是有雄心的（ambitious），还选择了不同于常规的航线，并在恶劣天气中坚持自己的决定，这表现了她是committed（坚定的）。故选D项。26．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thirty-footwavescrashedoverthedeck."（三十英尺高的波浪冲过甲板。）”这里使用了暗喻的修辞手法，让人联想到海浪和海风之大。故选C项。27．推理判断题。根据第三段“Betweentheblindingsnowandthelackofdaylight,visibilitywascuttoalmostnothing.（由于刺眼的雪和缺乏日光，能见度几乎降到了零。）”可知，当Ellen穿越LeMaire海峡时，她面临的最大挑战是能见度极低。故选D项。CProgressmeanstheactofgoingforward.Makinganykindofprogresscanmakeushealthyandhappyinlife.Bysettingandactivelyworkingtowardsourgoals,wecanmakeprogressinourlife.Tomakemoreprogressinlife,startlookingatproblemsinadifferentway.Whateverhappens,ifwethinkpositively,itcanbeusefulandhelpful.Weneedtoknowthatproblemsarepartofourlife.Afterwesolveproblemsoneafteranother,wecanmakemoreprogressandbecomestronger.Havingconfidenceishelpfulforustomakeprogress.Confidencecomesfromdifferentplaces,suchaspropereducation,trainingorhavinggoodrelationships.Weshouldalsostaywithpeoplewhobelieveinoursuccessandactivelysupportus.Thesepeoplecanhelppushustowardsprogress.Slowprogressisstillworthcelebrating.Justastheoldsayinggoes,“Itdoesnotmatterhowslowlyyougoaslongasyoudonotstop.”Progressusuallycomesalotmoreslowlythanweexpect.Evenifprogressisslow,trynottobeworried.Oneimportantthingisthatwekeepmakingprogresstowardsourgoals,andanotheristhatweclearlyrememberwhatourgoalsareallthetime.Theactualspeedisn’tsoimportant.Theroadtoprogressisnotalwayssmooth.Mostprogressoftencomeswithsetbacksalongtheway.Sometimes,maybeitfeelslikewe’retakingonestepforwardandthreestepsback,butitwon’talwaysbelikethat.Keepgoingtowardsourgoalsandwecanmuchmoreeasilymaketheprogresswewant.Progressdoesn’talwayshappeninastraightline.Aslongaswekeepworking,wewillachievehigherlevels.28．Paragraph2ismainlyabout______.A．thereasonsformakingmoreprogress B．theadvantagesofthinkingpositivelyC．howtolookatproblems D．howtosolveproblems29．Whocanhelppushustowardsprogress?A．Thepeoplewhogetapropereducation. B．Thepeoplewhogiveusplentyofadvice.C．Thepeoplewhogiveustrustandsupport. D．Thepeoplewhoareconfidentinthemselves.30．Howdoesthewriterlikeslowprogress?A．Itoftengoessmoothly. B．Itstillmeansprogress.C．Itsometimesstopsprogress. D．Italwaysgivesusaclearmind.31．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“setbacks”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Prizes. B．Advantages. C．Excuses. D．Difficulties.【答案】28．C29．D30．B31．D【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章中作者表达了自己对于进步的看法以及如何取得更大的进步。28．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Tomakemoreprogressinlife,startlookingatproblemsinadifferentway.Whateverhappens,ifwethinkpositively,itcanbeusefulandhelpful.Weneedtoknowthatproblemsarepartofourlife.Afterwesolveproblemsoneafteranother,wecanmakemoreprogressandbecomestronger.(为了在生活中取得更大的进步，开始用不同的方式看待问题。无论发生什么，如果我们积极思考，它都是有用的。我们需要知道问题是我们生活的一部分。在我们一个接一个地解决问题之后，我们可以取得更大的进步，变得更强大)”可知，第二段主要是关于如何看待问题。故选C。29．细节理解题。根据第三段“Havingconfidenceishelpfulforustomakeprogress.Confidencecomesfromdifferentplaces,suchaspropereducation,trainingorhavinggoodrelationships.Weshouldalsostaywithpeoplewhobelieveinoursuccessandactivelysupportus.Thesepeoplecanhelppushustowardsprogress.(有信心有助于我们取得进步。自信来自不同的地方，比如适当的教育、培训或良好的关系。我们也应该和那些相信我们会成功并积极支持我们的人在一起。这些人可以帮助我们取得进步)”可知，对自己有信心的人能帮助推动我们取得进步。故选D。30．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Oneimportantthingisthatwekeepmakingprogresstowardsourgoals,andanotheristhatweclearlyrememberwhatourgoalsareallthetime.Theactualspeedisn’tsoimportant.(一件重要的事情是我们不断朝着目标前进，另一件重要的事情是我们始终清楚地记得我们的目标是什么。实际的速度并不那么重要)”可知，作者认为慢进度仍然意味着进步。故选B。31．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Theroadtoprogressisnotalwayssmooth.(进步的道路并不总是平坦的)”以及后文“Sometimes,maybeitfeelslikewe’retakingonestepforwardandthreestepsback,butitwon’talwaysbelikethat.(有时候，也许感觉我们前进了一步，后退了三步，但并不总是这样)”可知，进步的道路并不总是平坦的，有时候我们前进了一步后退了三步，即进步的道路是充满困难的。故划线词意思是“困难”。故选D。DThisyearmarksthe20thanniversaryofChina’sfirstmannedspacemission,withYangLiweibecomingthefirstChineseastronauttogotospace.Sincethen,another19astronautshavereachedforthestars.Theselectionofthefourthgenerationofastronautsbeganin2022andisnowinfullswing.Expertsrevealedhowtoughthetrainingisbeforeastronautscanflytospace.Thehumanbodyisnotdesignedforspacelife.Astronautsarefacedwithmultiplechallengesonaspacemission.Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.Thesensationofconfinement(封闭)livinginasmallspacecraftformonthscandamagetheirmentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure.Soit’snowonderthatastronautshavetomeetextremelyhighstandardsandgothroughatoughtrainingprogram.TomakesurethatChineseastronautscompletetheirmissionsandreturntoEarthsafely,“Eighttypes,includingover200subjectsoftraining,wereset,”HuangWeifen,chiefdesigneroftheastronautsystemforChina’smannedspaceproject,toldCCTVNews.Apartfromphysicalfitnesstraining,italsoincludesbasicscientifictheories,psychologicalhealth,andmock(模拟)missions.Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.Thistrainingisdesignedforastronautstoadapttothemicrogravityenvironmentinspace.AccordingtoHuang,astronautsstayunderwaterinsuitsweighingover100kilogramsforsixhoursatatime.Waterresistance(阻力)andtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting.“NieHaisheng,oneoftheastronauts,oncereportedatwo-kilogramlossinweightafteroneunderwatertrainingexercise,”saidHuang.Eachastronautreceivestrainingforatleastthreeandahalfyearsbeforehavingthechancetogotospace.32．HowmanygenerationsofChineseastronautshavebeensenttospace?A．3 B．4 C．19 D．2033．Whichoffollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Humanbodyisperfectforspaceexploration.B．Thespacecrafthasenoughspaceforastronautstooperate.C．Astronautsoughttocompletemissionsunderhugepressure.D．Theisolatedconditioninspacebenefitspeople’smentalhealth.34．WhydidHuangmentionNieHaisheng’stwo-kilogramweightloss?A．Tostresshowchallengingthetrainingis. B．TodescribeNie’spersonalachievements.C．Tointroducetheweightlimitforastronauts. D．Toexplaintheimportanceofpropertraining.35．Whatdoesthispassagemainlyabout?A．Microgravityenvironmentcausehealthproblems.B．Astronautsneedtoughtrainingtomeetvariouschallenges.C．Chinahascompletednumerousmissionsinspaceexploration.D．Expertsrevealsthehighstandardsofselectionprocessofastronauts.【答案】32．A33．C34．A35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了宇航员在训练中要面临各种挑战和困难。32．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Theselectionofthefourthgenerationofastronautsbeganin2022andisnowinfullswing.(第四代宇航员的选拔工作从2022年开始，目前正在全面展开。)”可知，第四代宇航员选拔开始于2022年并且现在还在进行中，所以到目前为止已经有三代的宇航员进入了太空。故选A。33．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure.(任务期间的紧急情况挑战了他们在巨大压力下解决问题的知识和能力。)”可知，宇航员应该在巨大的压力下完成太空中的工作。故选C。34．推理判断题。根据第四段的“Amongthetrainingsubjects,themosttiringoneisunderwatertraining.(在训练科目中，最累人的是水下训练。)”和“Waterresistanceandtheheavysuitmakeeverymoveexhausting.(水的阻力和厚重的套装让每一步都筋疲力尽。)”可知，水下训练是最消耗体能的，所以下文举聂海胜的例子是为了进一步强调水下训练具有挑战性。故选A。35．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段的“Expertsrevealedhowtoughthetrainingisbeforeastronautscanflytospace.(专家透露了宇航员在飞向太空之前的训练有多么艰苦。)”引出宇航员的训练艰辛，第二段的“Thehumanbodyisnotdesignedforspacelife.Astronautsarefacedwithmultiplechallengesonaspacemission.Thechangesingravitycanhaveanimpactontheirbodies.Thesensationofconfinementlivinginasmallspacecraftformonthscandamagetheirmentalhealth.Emergenciesduringmissionschallengetheirknowledgeandabilitytosolveproblemsunderhugepressure.Soit’snowonderthatastronautshavetomeetextremelyhighstandardsandgothroughatoughtrainingprogram.(人体不是为太空生活而设计的。宇航员在太空任务中面临着多重挑战。重力的变化会对他们的身体产生影响。在小型宇宙飞船中生活数月的禁闭感会损害他们的精神健康。任务期间的紧急情况挑战了他们在巨大压力下解决问题的知识和能力。因此，宇航员必须达到极高的标准，并经历严格的训练计划也就不足为奇了。)”及后续详细展开宇航员在训练中要面临的困难和挑战。由此可知，B选项“Astronautsneedtoughtrainingtomeetvariouschallenges.(宇航员需要艰苦的训练来应对各种挑战)”能够概括文章主旨。故选B。第二节

（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。We’veallbeenthere—you’vesentamessageandit’smarked“read”,butyouhaven’theardanythingback.What’sthedeal?Whilebeingleftonread(已读不回)canbeconfusing,it’salsoprettycommon.36Hereareafewtips.Expectthebest.Remindyourselfthatthepersonisprobablyjustbusy.Askyourselfifyouactuallyknowtheirschedule.Therecouldbesometimecommitmentsyouaren’tawareof.Hereareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.37Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn’tactuallytextit.Resistthetemptation(诱惑)todouble-text.38Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.Readoveryourpreviousmessages.Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It’sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!3940Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.Don’tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you’llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.A．Putyourphoneaway.B．Fixyourattentioncloselyontextresponses.C．Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.D．Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan’trightnow.E．Askyourselfwhybeinglefton“read”frustratesorconfusesyou.F．Youcankeepthesituationfrombotheringyouuntilyouhearback.G．Youmightfeelrelievedwhenyoufindsomethingthatiseasytomisread.【答案】36．F37．D38．C39．G40．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当别人阅读你的信息后，不回复你时，要学会心平气和的面对，不要让社交软件影响到你的生活。36．根据后文“Hereareafewtips.(这里有一些建议)”以及前文“it’salsoprettycommon.(这种情况很常见）”可知，空处应该是承上启下说明可以应用这些建议避免被影响，所以F项“Youcankeepthesituationfrombotheringyouuntilyouhearback.(你可以避免这种情况困扰你)”符合文意。故选F项。37．根据上文“Hereareafewotherreasonsforadelayedresponse.(以下是延迟响应的其他一些原因。)”以及下文“Theyputtheirphoneawaytofocusonworkorschool.Theyaccidentallyforgottoreply.Maybetheythoughtaboutwhattheywantedtosaybutdidn’tactuallytextit.(他们把手机收起来，专注于工作或学习。他们不小心忘了回复。也许他们想到了他们想说什么，但实际上并没有发短信。)”可知，空处是延迟响应的可能原因，与D项“Theywanttogiveyoualongerresponsebutcan’trightnow.(他们想给你更长的回复，但现在不能)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选D项。38．根据前文“Resistthetemptationtodouble-text.(不要信息轰炸对方)”以及后文“Ifyousendalotoffollow-uptexts,it’llbehardforthemtokeepupandtheymightgetstressed.Leavethemwithjustonetexttocatchupon—theotherpersonwillprobablyappreciateyourpatience.(如果你发了很多后续短信，他们很难跟上，他们可能会感到压力。只给他们留一条信息，让他们跟上进度——对方可能会感激你的耐心)”可知，本段讲述不要一直给对方发信息，要给对方一些时间，让他们跟上你的信息，所以C项“Givethemalittlespacesotheyhaveachancetoreply.(给他们一点空间，让他们有机会回答)”符合文意。故选C项。39．根据段首句“Readoveryourpreviousmessages.(阅读你之前的信息)”，及上文“Seeifthereareanyconfusingtextsthatyouneedtoclarify.It’sokayifyoureviewyourmessageagainandnoticethatitmighthavebeenalittleunclear—ithappens!(看看是否有什么令人困惑的文本需要澄清。如果你再次查看你的信息，并注意到它可能有点不清楚，这是没有关系的——这种情况发生了!)可知，再次查看信息可能会发现一些被误读的东西，与G项“Youmightfeelrelievedwhenyoufindsomethingthatiseasytomisread.(可能会感到宽慰，当你发现了一些容易被误读的东西)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。40．根据下句“Keepitoutofsightandgetsomepeaceofmind.(把它放在你看不到的地方，让你的内心平静下来)”以及后文“Don’tletitupsetorconfuseyou.Ifyougetyourmindoffanynotifications,you’llbeabletobrainstormnewwaystospendyourtime.(不要让它困扰或迷惑你。如果你不去想任何通知，你就能头脑风暴出新的打发时间的方法)”可知，本段主题是把手机放到一边，眼不见，心不烦。与其纠结为什么会被“已读不回”，不如放下手机，做些更有意义的事。所以A项“Putyourphoneaway.(把手机收起来)”起到概括作用，符合文意。故选A项。第三部分

语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。YangHaoran,bornintoafamilyofcottonfarmers,spenthischildhoodplayinginthecottonfields.He41howhardhisparentshadtoworkusingconventionalfarmingmethods,aswellashowautomationhas42productivityandsavedlabor.Havingfinisheduniversity,Yangbecamea43farmerhimself.However,unlikehisparents,hisexperiencehasbeenvery44;hemanagesover200,000squaremetersofcottonfieldsandalways45newwaystoimproveefficiencythroughtechnological46.In2018,hesawthegreatbusiness47ofusingdrones(无人机)infarmingandestablishedhisowncompany,which4813droneoperators,allofwhomarepost-90sworkerslikeYanghimself.“Wearelikeabigfamily,withmembersfromdifferentethnicgroups,”Yangsaid49.Inpeakgrowingseason,theymovetheir50inaskillfulwayoverthefieldswhileintheoff-season,theytrainlocalfarmersto51drones.Todate,Yang’steamhastrainedhundredsoflocalfarmers.“Thiswillenablethemto52newtechnologies,allowingthemto53theadvancesinmodernagriculture,”hesaid.Yang’s54doesnotendthere.Hehasrecentlytakenupaprecision(精准)farmingproject,whichusesdronestocollectdataforspectralanalysis(光谱分析),andtransmitreal-timedataoncropgrowthandsoilmoisturetotheirrigationandfertilizerequipmentforprecision55.41．A．recalled B．witnessed C．blamed D．assumed42．A．integrated B．tackled C．generated D．boosted43．A．cotton B．rice C．wheat D．sorghum44．A．visible B．different C．complex D．multiple4