高中英语必修7第4单元上课单词

(build)castlesintheair（建）空中楼阁，幻想，空想Therehasbeenabiginputofresourcesintotheprojectfromindustry.工业界对这个项目投入了大量资源。Shehasanenormouscapacityforhardwork.她特别能吃苦耐劳。McCarthywasaskedtoanalysethedatafromthefirstphaseoftrialsofthevaccine.麦卡西被要求分析从这种疫苗试验的第一阶段取得的数据。Thepatientsufferedamassiveheartattack.病人严重心脏病发作了。acapacity(forsth/fordoingsth)/(todosth)领悟（或理解、办事）能力analysisn.分析；分解；验定（复数形式analyses）makeananalysisof分析……analystn.分析者；精神分析医师analyticaladj.分析的；分解的JaronLaniercoinedtheterm"virtualreality"andpioneereditsearlydevelopment.加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词，并率先进行早期开发。asignificantbreakthroughinnegotiations谈判中的重大突破financialadj.金融的；财政的，财务的financiern.金融家，理财家，财政家；投资家，（为项目或企业）提供资金者Thefundhasbeenusedlargelytofinancetheconstructionofschoolsinremoteareas.该基金大部分已用于资助建造偏远地区的学校Theteachertreatedusasautonomousindividualswhohadtolearntomakeupourownmindsaboutissues.老师视我们为独立个体，必须学会自主处理问题。Theirdomesticreformsdidnothingtosolvetheproblemofunemployment.他们的国内改革没有采取任何措施以解决失业问题。threatn.威胁，恐吓threatenedadj.受到威胁的;v.威胁（threaten的过去分词）threateningadj.危险的；胁迫的；凶兆的;v.威胁；恐吓；迫近（threaten的ing形式）Animals’survivalisthreatenedbyoutdoorlighting.动物的生存受到户外照明的威胁。Thelossofglaciersthereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.由于全球变暖，那里的冰川消失，对农业构成巨大威胁。commitacrime做出（错或非法的事）；犯（罪或错等）commitmurderetc.犯凶杀罪等commitsb/oneself(tosth/todoingsth)承诺，保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）commitmentn.承诺，保证；委托；承担义务；献身；花费金钱、时间、人力等TherepresentativesurgedCongresstoapproveplansfortheirreformprogramme.代表敦促国会批准他们有关改革项目的计划。TomhadanurgetoopenashopofhisownontheInternet.汤姆很想开一家自己的网店urgesth(on/uponsb)大力推荐；竭力主张urgesbtodosth敦促某人做某事haveanurgetodosth做某事的欲望urgencyn.紧急；催促；紧急的事restrictoneself/sb(tosth/todoingsth)约束；管束restrictionn.限制；约束；束缚toimpose/placearestrictiononsthg.对某事实行限制Themoviehasbeencriticizedforapparentlyadvocatingviolence.这部电影因明显地宣扬暴力而受到了指责。Doctorsissuedawarningagainsteatinganyfishcaughtintheriver.医生发出警告不要吃在那条河里捕的鱼。Theyaredemandingthatalltroops(should)bewithdrawn.他们强烈要求所有部队撤离。apparentadj.显然的；明显的；表面上的togivesbaverbal/written/finalwarning向某人发出口头╱书面╱最后警告warnvt.警告，提醒；通知vi.发出警告，发出预告warnsbofsth警告某人某事ademandfor…需要……indemand非常需要的；受欢迎的tomeetthedemandforaproductsupplyanddemand供求demandtodosth要求做某事demandsthof/fromsb要求某人某物demandthat…(should)dosth要求做某事【误区1】不能用demandsbtodosth结构。【误区2】在demandthat…结构中，that引导的从句谓语动词要使用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形，其中should可以省略。WeneedtomakesurethatwewillnotfallvictimtoAI.InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.在秘鲁，在因气候变化而受到影响的冰川山峰的周边，当地的农民已经开始把整个山峰刷成白色，希望增加的反射能恢复生命之冰。greedn.贪婪，贪心greedinessn.贪吃；贪欲；嘴馋begreedy(forsth)贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的greedilyadv.贪婪地；贪心地；贪食地However,thoseinthe10to12agegroupwere"concernedwithhowmanypeopleliketheirposts",suggestinga“need”forsocialrecognitionthatgetsstrongertheoldertheybecome.然而，10到12岁年龄组的人“担心有多少人喜欢他们的帖子”，这表明随着年龄的增长，对社会认可的“需求”变得越来越强烈。tochange/alteretc.beyond/outofrecognition变得面目全非；沧海桑田recognize

vt.认出，识别；承认；接受，认可；赞赏vi.确认，承认；具结recognizableadj.可辨认的；可承认的analternativemethodofdoingsth做某事的其他方法alternativeenergy（theenergyfromthesun,wind,water,etc.)替代能源（指太阳能、风能、水能等）havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth别无选择Thereisavegetarianalternativeonthemenueveryday.每天的菜单上另有素食餐点。Therewerealternativemethodsoftravelavailable.

有另外的旅行方式可采用。Aftermonthsofsendingoutresumes,Tomfinallybreaksintotheworkingworld.经过几个月投递简历，汤姆终于找到了工作。breakintopieces成为碎片breakintotears突然哭起来，放声大哭breakintolaughter哄堂大笑;突然大笑breakthrough突破；突围；有重要创见breakup打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落breakdown分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉；制服breakoutv.爆发；突发breakin打断；闯入；训练；使逐渐习惯breakaway脱离；放弃；逃跑breakawayfromvt.放弃；脱离……breakoff折断；突然停止，暂停breakoutof摆脱（束缚等）；突破…breakupwith跟…分手；与…断绝关系breakintoabank闯入银行breakintotears=breakoutcryingbreakintolaughter=breakoutlaughingThecamerahasabuilt-infail-safedevicewhichpreventsitfromworkingiftherightsignalsaren'treceived.这部照相机内部有故障保险装置，可以令照相机在未接收到正确信号时无法运行。theunfairdistributionof

wealth财富分配不公thedistributionoffoodandmedicinestothefloodvictims

向遭受洪灾的灾民分发食品和药物distributevt.分配；散布；分开；把…分类distributesthto…把……分配给……distributedadj.分布式的，分散式的distributern.分销商；分配器predictionn.预报；预言predictableadj.可预言的predictiveadj.预言性的；成为前兆的unpredictableadj.不可预知的；不定的；出乎预料的Itwaspredictedthatpricesforrealestatewouldcontinuetofall.据预报，房地产价格将继续下降。onthedecrease在减少中decreaseby减少了…decreaseto减少到reducevt.减少；降低；使处于；把…分解vi.减少；缩小；归纳为reductionn.减少；下降；缩小；还原反应declinen.下降；衰退；斜面vi.下降；衰落；谢绝

vt.谢绝；婉拒【反义词】increasev.增加；增大；提高；增强

n.增加；增多；增长Thenumberofpoormenisonthedecreaseastheeconomyisgrowing.随着经济发展，贫困人口数量正在减少。denysth(tosb)/deny(sb)(sth)拒绝；拒绝给予todenyaclaim/acharge/anaccusation否认某种说法╱指控╱指责Thereisnodenying(thefact)that….不可否认……。表示“拒绝做某事”，要用denydoingsth；refuse/declinetodosth。Accesstotheinformationwasdeniedtothem.他们无法得到这个情报。Itcan'tbedeniedthatweneedtodevotemoreresourcestothisproblem.无可否认，我们必须投入更多的资源来解决这个问题。There'snodenying(thefact)thatquickeractioncouldhavesavedthem.无可否认，如果行动快一点，本来是救得了他们的。alarge/smallquantityofsth大量╱小量的…inquantity大量agreatquantityof（接可数或不可数）quantitiesof许多……qualityandquantity质量和数量当a(large/great/small)quantityof修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但是当其修饰复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。当quantitiesof修饰名词（不论可数还是不可数）时，谓语动词一律用复数。thequantityof修饰名词（不论可数还是不可数）时，谓语动词用单数。tomakethreatsagainstsb对某人进行威胁atreattodosth威胁做某事poseathreatto构成威胁；形成一种威胁underthreat受到威胁threatenvt.威胁；恐吓；预示vi.威胁；可能来临anew-bornthreat一个新生威胁illegallyadv.非法地illegalityn.违法；[法]非法行为；犯规illegalizevt.使成为非法；宣布…为非法；使违规illegaldrugs毒品Thejudgefinedthemanandsuspendedhislicence.法官罚了那个人的款，并且吊销了他的执照。ThematchinParisislikelytoproveoneofthehighlightsofthetournament.巴黎比赛可能是本届锦标赛最精彩的赛事之一。Thereporthighlightsthemajorproblemsfacingsocietytoday.报告特别强调了当今社会所面临的主要问题。I'vehighlightedtheimportantpassagesinyellow.我用黄色标出了重要段落。buryoneselfin(doing)sth专心致志于…beburiedin沉思；埋头于；全神贯注于…buryoneselfinthecountry隐居Thewriterburiedherselfinthecountrytowriteabook.Hewalkedslowly,hishandsburiedinhispockets.他双手插在口袋里缓步而行。Tourismisafountainofwealthforthecity.旅游业是该市的重要收入来源。Likemostofmycontemporaries,Igrewupinavastlydifferentworld.像我同时代的大多数人一样，我在一个非常不同的世界里长大。Theexperienceplantedtheseedsofdoubtinmymind.那次经历在我心中播下了怀疑的种子。concludesth(fromsth)conclude(fromsth)that...（不用于进行时)断定；推断出；得出结论conclude(sth)with…以…结束concludeacontract订立合同concludeanagreement达成协议toconclude最后；总之；结束inconclusionn.结论；总结；结局justifyvi.证明合法；整理版面vt.证明……是正当的；替……辩护havesuperiority(insth)/(to/oversth/sb)优越（性）；优势superior

adj.上级的；优秀的，出众的；高傲的n.上级，长官；优胜者，高手；长者virtualreality虚拟现实virtualityn.虚拟性；实质Thecountrywasslidingintoastateofvirtualcivilwar.这个国家实际上正逐渐进入内战状态。Onedayvirtualrealitywillrevolutionizetheentertainmentindustry.有朝一日虚拟现实将给娱乐业带来一场革命。definevt.定义；使明确；规定define…as…把…定义为；给…下的定义是definiteadj.一定的；确切的definitelyadv.清楚地，当然；明确地，肯定地ForthepeopleofBrussels,thiswasadefiningmomentofdefiningfreedom.对布鲁塞尔人来说，这是定义自由的决定性时刻。practicaladvice/help/support切实的忠告╱帮助╱支持practicalproblems实际问题Inpracticalterms,savingmoneymeansspendingless.具体点说，省钱就是少花些钱。Fromapracticalpointofview,itisn'tagoodplacetolive.实际一点看，这里不是理想的住处。Obesityisassociatedwithahostofhealthproblems.肥胖症往往与许多健康问题有关。ahostof

常用来修饰复数名词，但是这个结构做主语，表示整体意义时，谓语动词常用单数形式。There'sahostoffansoftheserieswhoareupsetwiththewaythefilmturnedout.很多影迷都对这部电影的结局感到不满。academyofsciences科学院academyofarts艺术学院academicresearch/study学术研究Shewasn'tveryacademicandhatedschool.她学习不怎么样，而且讨厌上学。immersevt.沉浸；使陷入immersesb/sth(insth)使浸没于immerseoneself/sbinsth（使）深陷于，沉浸在beimmersedin陷于；沉浸于Takenotesandimmerseyourselfinthewordsofgreatthinkers.好好做笔记，沉浸于名人们的思想里。engagesb(assth)雇用；聘用engage(withsth/sb)与…建立密切关系；尽力理解engageoneself/sbin…be/getengagedin…（使）从事，参加engagementn.婚约；约会；交战；诺言；进场abarrierto…障碍；阻力；关卡abarrierbetweenAandBabarrieragainststh分界线；屏障；隔阂Ozoneistheearth'sbarrieragainstultra-violetradiation.臭氧是地球防止紫外线辐射的屏障。Therewasnorealbarrierbetweenrealityandfantasyinhismind.在他的头脑中，现实与幻想之间没有真正的界线。Hisreasonsfornotwan