2022年湖南省长沙市望城第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2022年湖南省长沙市望城第一中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Weshouldspendmoretimedoingoutdoorexerciseinourdailylife____sittingbeforethecomputer,surfingsomewebsitesorplayinggames．A．as

B．than

C．when

D．if参考答案：B2.Tomtoldmethatheneededachairandthatsoonhefound_________.A.it

B.that

C.one

D.theone参考答案：C3.﹣Excuseme，Mrs．Edward．______MissClairecomeinnow？﹣Oh，yes．Ihavesomeminutesfreeatpresent．（）A．Shall B．Will C．Must D．Should参考答案：A本题考查情态动词shall的用法．根据句意可知，对方在征求Edward夫人的意见"Claire小姐是否可以进来"；而情态动词shall常常用在一、三人称的疑问句中表示征求意见或提出建议，所以本题答案选择A．4.﹣﹣﹣We'dbetterleavenow．﹣﹣﹣Nohurry．Thetrain______at10o'clock．（）A．hasleft B．left C．leaves D．wouldleave参考答案：C我们最好现在动身．不用急，火车十点才开．本题考查时态的用法．在表示时间表上或不可轻易更改的动作时，一般现在时态可以用来表达将来发生的动作，是将来时态的一种特殊表示法．故选C．5.

Childrenwithbadgradescanalwaysthinkofbrilliantwaystoescape_____.

A.punishing

B.beingpunished

C.tobepunished

D.havingpunished参考答案：B略6.ProfessorQianatanewsconference,"Itisprofitsthatdrivemanyfoodproducerstodoillegalthings."A.discovered B.explored C.observed D.imagined参考答案：C考查动词词义辨析。句意:"正是利益驱动着许多食品厂家去做违法的事情,"钱教授在一个新闻发布会上评论说。discover"发现";explore"探索";observe"评论";imagine"想象"。7.Atthegraduationceremony,theheadmaster_______thedegreecertificatestothestudentsonebyone.A.showed B.presented C.awarded D.delivered参考答案：B【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：在毕业典礼上，校长把学位证书一个一个地颁发给学生们。A.showed展示；B.presented颁赠；C.awarded判定；D.delivered递送。结合句意可知选B。8.Duetotherisingrents,thenewgraduatehasdecidedtoleaveBeijingforhishometown,

havemanyotherclassmates.A.so

B.asC.which

D.nor参考答案：B选B。考察as引导的非限制性定语从句。在句中，as为关系代词，在从句中作主语，代表整个主句。在形式上，从句与主句用逗号隔开。在实际做题时，许多学生错误地选择了答案A项，原因在于他们没有搞清楚此类句型的特点。由于租金上涨，新毕业的大学生决定离开北京回家乡，这正如许多其他同学做的。【名师点睛】为了更好地理解和掌握as引导的非限制性定语从句，现举例予以说明：

（1）Thecompass,asiswell-knowntoall,wasinvitedinancientChina.众所周知，指南针是中国古时发明的。

（2）Heseemsafarmer,asinactualfactheis.他看上去像个农民，事实上他就是农民。

（3）Asweknow,TaiwanisapartofChina.正如我们所知道的，台湾是中国的一部分。（as在从句中作know的宾语，代表主句TaiwanisapartofChina）

从以上句子可以看出，as引导的非限制性定语从句具有以下特点：

（1）其先行词可为整个主句，也可为某一个名词。

（2）as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

（3）其从句可以放在主句的前面或后面，也可以放在整个句子中间。也就是说从句可以位于句首、句中或句末，但习惯用逗号隔开。

（4）as仍有“正如……那样；像……一样；由……而知”等作连词时的词义。

（5）在句法上，as常被用作一些实义动词的表语及其被动语态的主语，如see,know,say,report,imagine,show,remember,pointout等动词。常见的词组有：

asiswellknowntoall/asweallknow

众所周知

ashasbeensaidbefore

如上所说

asyouexpected

如你所料

ashasbeenalreadyreported

据报道可知

assheimagined

如她所想像的那样

asitshowed

正如所反映的那样

asanybodycansee

正如人们所看到的那样

as除了能引导非限制性定语从句外，还能引导限制性定语从句。常与thesame或such连用，构成：thesame…as,such…as。as引导限制性定语从句时，在从句中同样可以作主语、表语或宾语。如：

（1）SuchChineseasisspokeninShanxiisnotPutonghua.WecallittheShanxidialect.在陕西说的汉语不是普通话，我们称为陕西方言。（as在从句中作主语）

（2）Ihavethesamebookasyouhave.我的书和你的一样。（as在从句中作have的宾语）

（3）Heisnotsuchacleverpersonassheis.他不像她那样聪明。（as在从句中作is的表语）9.________thatthegovernmentcanclearupofficialcorruption，weare________aboutthefutureofourcountry.A．Convinced；optimistic

B．Convincing；optimisticC．Convinced；pessimistic

D．Convincing；pessimistic参考答案：A考查形容词辨析。convincing令人信服的；convinced相信的，信服的；convince与ongoing主语we之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词转化成的形容词做状语；optimistic乐观的；pessimistic悲观的。10.—Whydidn’tyoucallmethen?—Oh,mycell-phonewaspoweroff.I

youotherwise.A.wouldcall B.hadcalled C.havecalled D.wouldhavecalled参考答案：D11.Shehasbeendreamingafuture____shecanspendmoretimegrowingflowers．A．that

B．when

C．where

D．which参考答案：B考点：定语从句试题解析：她梦想着有一个将来，那时候她可以花更多的时间种花。此处先行词为future，为时间，故其后引导词用when12.Mymomheldmeandmybrothertight,tearsofhappiness______herface,feelingproudofourfinalsuccess.A.tocoverB.coveredC.havingcoveredD.covering参考答案：D【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：我的妈妈紧紧抱住我和弟弟，满脸幸福的眼泪，为我们最后的成功感到骄傲。此处是独立主格结构，happiness是cover的动作执行者，且动作正在进行，故应用现在分词构成独立主格结构。故选D。13.–What’sthatnoise?

--Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine________.A.wastested

B.willbetested

C.isbeingtested

D.hasbeentested参考答案：C14.

money,theymaybequiterich,butnotofhappiness.

A.Incaseof

B.Asaresultof

C.Intermsof

D.Infaceof参考答案：C15.Afterapauseforadrink,Itookupmystoryjust_______Ihadleftoff.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.where参考答案：D16.—ShallIcallyouat10tomorrowmorning?—Betternot.I______alecturetosomeuniversitystudents.Justsendmeamessage.

A.wouldgive B.willbegiving

C.willhavegiven

D.amgiving参考答案：B17.-IamgoingtostudyinBritain.Wouldyouconsidertellingmeaboutyourexperiencesthere?

-_________.Let’sdiscussitoverdinner.

A.That’sallforit

B.Byallmeans

C.Goahead

D.Itjustdepends参考答案：B18.ChenHanismorethanamonitorofthem.Heis

anamazingfigure.

theyalllikehim.A.withoutdoubt/withoutwonder

B.nowonder/nodoubtC.nodoubt/nowonder

D.withoutwonder/nodoubt参考答案：C二、短文改错19.短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）下面短文中共有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改。每句最多有两处错误。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分。Deardiary,HereIaminthemiddleofacity,350milesfarawayfromourfarmhouse.Doyouwanttoknowwhywemovelastweek?Dadlosthisjob,andasmomexplained,hewasluckytofindotherone.HisnewjobmeantIhadtosaygoodbyetomyclassmate,myschoolorjusteverythingelseintheworld.Tomakemattersbad,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.Tomorrowisfirstdayofschool.Iamawfullytiring,butIknowI’llneverfallsleep.Goodnightandremember,you,mydeardiary,ismyonlysouvenirfrommypastlifeandmyonlyfriend.

参考答案：短文改错：far去掉；move改成

moved;other改成another;classmate改成classmates;or改成and;bad改成worse;first前加the或my;tiring改成tired;sleep改成asleep;is改成are20.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearJack,Iampleasingtohearfromyouandknowthatyouhadagreatlytimeworkingpart-timeinafast-foodrestaurant.NowIwouldliketoshareyourworkingexperienceswithyouduringthepastsummer.Inthebeginningofthesummervacation,Iwashiredasshoppingguideinabigsupermarket.IstoodfortenhoursadayandsmiledtoeveryoneIhavemet.SometimesIwaslaughedat,andmostofthetime,Iwaspraisedformywonderfulworksbymanypeople.HalfamonthpassedquicklyafterIknewit,andIlearnedhowtodealwithdifferentpeople.Aboveall,Ihavelearnedthatsmileisthekeytosolveanyproblem.Bestwishes,YoursSincerely,LiMing参考答案：DearJack,Iampleasingtohearfromyouandknowthatyouhadagreatlytimeworkingpart-timein

pleased

greatafast-foodrestaurant.NowIwouldliketoshareyourworkingexperienceswithyouduringthe

mypastsummer.Inthebeginningofthesummervacation,Iwashiredas∧shoppingguideinabigAt

asupermarket.IstoodfortenhoursadayandsmiledtoeveryoneIhavemet.SometimesIwaslaughedat,andmostofthetime,Iwaspraisedformywonderfulworksbymanypeople.Halfa

but

workmonthpassedquicklyafterIknewit,andIlearnedhowtodealwithdifferentpeople

beforeAboveall,Ihavelearnedthatsmileisthekeytosolveanyproblem.

solvingBestwishes,YoursSincerely,LiMing试题分析：【小题1】第一句：pleasing改成pleased.固定结构Bepleasedtodosth.开心地做某事。故将pleasing改成pleased.【小题2】第一句：greatly改成great.分析语境agreattime：一段精彩的时光。Greatly为副词，此处应该用形容词词性，故将greatly改成great.【小题3】第二句：your改成my.分析语境NowIwouldliketoshareyourworkingexperiencewithyouduringthepastsummer.我将和你分享我的暑期工作经历。根据句意可知应为“我的工作经历”，故将your改成my.【小题4】第三句：In改成At.固定结构Atthebeginningofsth.：在某事的开始阶段。故将In改成At.【小题5】第三句：as和shopping之间加a.分析语境Iwashiredasshoppingguideinabigsupermarket我被一家超市雇为一名导购。Ashoppingguide：一名导购。名词前应有冠词修饰，此处不是特指，所以用a表示泛指。故在as和shopping之间加a.【小题6】第四句：去掉have.分析语境smiledtoeveryoneImet对我遇到的每一个人微笑。Imet为省略了关系词的定语从句，先行词为everyone。故去掉have.【小题7】第五句：and改成but.根据原文SometimesIwaslaughedat和Iwaspraisedformywonderfulworksbymanypeople有时候我会被嘲笑，大多数情况下，许多人因我出色的工作表现而夸奖我。可知，前后文之间为转折关系，故将and改成but.【小题8】第五句：works改成work.根据原文Iwaspraisedformywonderfulworkbymanypeople人们因我出色的工作表现赞扬我。Work表示“工作”的时候为不可数名词。故将works改成work.【小题9】第六句：after改成before.分析语境HalfamonthpassedquicklybeforeIknewit不知不觉半个月很快过去了。Before：在...之前。句意为“在我意识到时间流逝之前半个月过去了”。故将after改成before.【小题10】第七句：solve改成solving.分析语境Ihavelearnedthatsmileisthekeytosolveanyproblem我意识到微笑是解决任何问题的关键。可知to为介词，后面应该接名词，故用solve的动名词形式，故将solve改成solving.三、阅读理解21.Itisbecomingincreasinglyimportantforresearcherstocloselymonitorouroceanlife.However,observingseacreaturesupcloseisalmostimpossiblesincehumanpresencescaresthem.Now,thankstotheTheSoftRoboticFish,alsoknownasSoFi,researchersmaybeabletokeepacloseeyeontheseacreatures.BuiltbyMITComputerScienceandArtificialIntelligenceLaboratory(CSAIL),thewhiteremote-controlledrobotresemblestherealfish,completewithatailthatwavesfromsidetoside.Thoughnotthefirstautonomousunderwatervehicle(AUV)createdtomonitortheocean,SoFisettlesmanyoftheproblemsthathaveblockedtheusefulnessofpreviousrobotfish.PreviousAUVshavehadtobelinkedtoboatsbecauseofradiofrequencycommunicationsdon’tworkwellunderwater.Toovercometheproblem,DirectoroftheCSAILDanielaRusandherteamusedsoundwaves.ThetechnologycantravelgreaterdistancesallowingdiverstopilotSoFifromupto50feetaway.AlsolimitingtheusefulnessoftraditionalAUVsistheriskofcollision.Withtheoutsidemadeofsoftsilicone(硅树脂)rubberandflexibleplasticthatkeepsitsinbuiltelectronicsdry,SoFiposesnosuchdanger.“Collisionavoidanceoftenleadstounnecessarymovement,sincetherobothastosettleforacollision-freepath,”saysRus.“Incontrast,asoftrobotisnotonlymorelikelytosurviveacollisionbutalsocoulduseitasinformationtoformamoreworkablemovementplannexttimearound.”Duringtestdives,SoFimovedalongsidetheoceanlifeatdepthsof50feetforupto40minutesatatime,takingphotosandmakingvideos.Theresearcherssaysometimesthefishwouldswimalongsidethestrange-lookingrobot-fishoutofcuriosity,whileatothertimestheytooknonoticeofitsexistence.WhileSoFipresentlyonlyrecordsvideo,futureversionswillincludesensors.Theresearchersalsohopetomakeitmoreautonomous.“Weimaginesomedayitmighthelpusuncoversmoresecretsfromtheamazingunderwaterworldthatweknowsolittleabout,”saysRus.12．WhatcanwelearnaboutSoFi?A．Itstailisflexible.

B．ItisthefirstAUV.C．Itiscloselycontrolled.

D．Itspresencescaresseaanimals.13．Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph3?A．Soundwavestravelfasterthanradio.B．Radiodoesnotworkwellunderwater.C．PreviousAUVsuseradiotocommunicate.D．AboattravelsalongwithSoFionthewater.14．HowdoesSoFidifferfromtraditionalAUVs?A．Itiscontrolledabove.B．Itcanavoidacollision.C．Itcansmartlyadjustitsmovementplan.D．Itissetforacollision-freepath.15．Whereisthepassagepossiblytakenfrom?A．Anewsreport.

B．Asciencefiction.C．Asocialwebsite.

D．Ashortbiography.参考答案：12．

A

13．

B

14．

C

15．

A

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了SoFi的出现，使得研究人员可能能够密切关注海洋生物了。12．细节理解题。答案定位在第二段BuiltbyMITComputerScienceandArtificialIntelligenceLaboratory(CSAIL),thewhiteremote-controlledrobotresemblestherealfish,completewithatailthatwavesfromsidetoside.（这款白色遥控机器人由麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室制造，外形酷似真实的鱼，尾巴左右摆动。）由此可知SoFi的尾巴很灵活，故选A。13．细节理解题。答案定位在第三段PreviousAUVshavehadtobelinkedtoboatsbecauseofradiofrequencycommunicationsdon’tworkwellunderwater.（以前的无人潜水器必须与船只连接，因为无线电频率通讯在水下不能很好地工作。）故选B。14．细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第三段“Incontrast,asoftrobotisnotonlymorelikelytosurviveacollisionbutalsocoulduseitasinformationtoformamoreworkablemovementplannexttimearound.”可知SoFi与传统AUVs的不同之处在于它可以灵活地调整它的运动计划，故选C。15．推理判断题。答案定位在第一段Now,thankstotheTheSoftRoboticFish,alsoknownasSoFi,researchersmaybeabletokeepacloseeyeontheseacreatures.（现在，由于软机械鱼，也被称为SoFi，研究人员可能能够密切关注海洋生物。）由此可知这篇文章最可能出自一个新闻报告，故选A。22.Whatisyourfavoritecolor1?Doyoulikeyellow，orange，red?Ifyoudo，youmustbeanoptimist，aleader，anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife，peopleandexcitement．Doyouprefergreyandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet，shyandyouwouldratherfollowthanlead．Ifyoulovegreen，youarestrong-mindedanddetermined．Youwishtosucceedandwantotherpeopletoseeyouaresuccessful．Atleastthisiswhatpsychologists（心理学家）tellus，andtheyshouldknow，becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolor1preference，andtheeffectthatcolor1shaveonhumanbeings．Theytellusthatwedon’tchooseourfavoritecolor1aswegrowup．Ifyouhappentolovebrown，youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes，oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly．Ayellowroommakesusfeelmorecheerfulandmorecomfortablethanadarkgreenone，andareddressringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday．Ontheotherhand，blackisdepressing（压抑）．Lightandbrightcolor1smakepeoplenotonlyha