Unit4TheEarth讲义英语七年级上册

Unit4TheEarthTheamazingplanetTheEarthisanamazingplanet!Someplacesareveryhot,liketheareasneartheequator.Somearefreezingcold,liketheNorthandSouthPoles.Therearefieldsandmountainsriversandseas,forestsanddeserts.ThehighestmountainonEarthisover8800metresabovesealevel.Andthedeepestpartoftheseaismorethan10,000metresdown.TheplantsonEartharewonderfulinmanydifferentways.Thetallesttreesintheworldcanreachover100metresinheight.Thesmallestplantisassmallasagrainofrice.TheEarthishometomillionsofanimals.Some,liketigersandlions,liveonland.Otheranimals,likebirds,enjoythewideopensky.Bigbluewhalescalltheseahome,alongwithmanyamazingfish.Frombearstobirds,frombutterfliestoseahorses,animalsmakeourplanetlovelyandinteresting.Andwhat'smore,theEarthprovidesuswithallthethingsweneed,suchasfood,water,airandenergy.Itisourhomeandtheonlyplanetweknowthatsupportslife.Let'sexplorelearnaboutandtakecareofourhome.【unit4课文详解+考点解析】amazed对...感到吃惊→amazing令人吃惊的hot热的，辣的adj→heat加热v，热量nhunt打猎[hunter猎人]sealevel海平面；blowaway吹走；generation一代人differentkindsof=allkindsof各种各样的+名词复数形式behometo....的家园；factfile事实档案；alongwith=togetherwith=aswellas和....【主谓一致】Eg.JohnalongwithJimgoestothepark.providesbwithsth=providesthforsb提供某人某物=givesbsth=givesthtosb=offersbsth=offersthtosbLet’sdosth让某人做某事explorer探险家nexplore探险vexploration探险nbecoveredwith/by...被...覆盖，挤满，充满asfarasweknow据我们所知cutdown砍下→cutin插嘴→cutup切碎like：❶喜欢+todo/doing❷例如【=suchas+n/doing/词组】❸像【belike】energy=power能量【不可数n】→energetic精力充沛的adj→makeenergy制造能量pollution污染n【不可数】→pollute污染v=make....dirty词组：airpollution空气污染；plasticpollution塑料污染protect....fromdoing.....保护...免受....【protection保护n】区别：keepsb.fromdoing=prevent/stopsb.fromdoing阻止某人做....organization组织norganize组织vorganizer组织者nrubbish=litter=trash垃圾【不可数】→waste浪费v，废弃物n【可+s】suggest建议v=advise建议vsuggestion建议（可数n）=advice（不可数n）asuggestion=apieceofadvice一个建议suggestdoingsth建议做某事advisesbtodosth建议某人去做某事tryone'sbesttodosth尽最大力做某事trytodosth努力做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事chemical化学的，化学物质（可数n）chemistry化学（科目）burn燃烧=set...onfire→burt/burned过去式harm危害nharmful危害的adj→反义词:helpful有帮助的beharmfulto=doharmto=bebadfor对....有害turn....into....把...变成....turntosbforhelp=asksbforhelp向某人求助stopdoingsth停止正在做.....；stoptodosth停止去做另一件事.....continuedoingsth继续做同一事；continuetodosth继续做另一事needsth需要....→needtodosth需要去做某事difficult困难的difficulty困难nhavedifficulty（in）doingsth做....有困难careabout在乎关心；carefor=takecareof=lookafter照顾groundwater地下水；sandstorm沙尘暴；desert沙漠on（the）Earth在地球上，究竟【onearth】→ontheland陆地→inthesky在空中→underthewater在水下powerstation发电站→powerful强大的，有力量的solarpower太阳系putinto/in=throwinto把...倒进/扔进Itisadjforsbtodosth做.....对sb来说.....【adj形容物】Itisadjofsbtodosth做.....对sb来说.....【adj形容人】quiz测试【复数quizzes】=exam=test→中考：theEntranceExaminationofSeniorHighschoolreport报告【关于用on】→areporton.....partof....部分....→takepartin参加→takeanactivepartin积极参加findout发现，查明真相infact事实上=actually=asamatteroffact【fact=truth事实，真相】keephealthy/fit=stayhealthy/fit保持健康hurryup快点inahurry匆匆忙忙widely广泛地width宽度inthefuture在将来→infuture从今以后，往后+将来时paper纸张【不可数n】→apieceofpaper【newspaper报纸，可数】sometimes有时，sometimes几次，几倍，sometime某个时候，sometime某段时间taketheplaceof代替=insteadof=inplaceofexcept除了...以外【不包含】，besides除了...以外【包含】advantage优势，优点→disadvantage缺点，劣势【可数】woods丛林，树林wood木头Sheisa12yearoldgirl.【定语】→Hetaksa20minutewalk.=Hetakes20minutes'walk.Sheis12yearsold.【表语】opinion观点=viewpoint→inmyopinion=asfarasI'mconcerned我认为radio广播【复数+s】→newspaper报纸【可数n】→anewspaperthe+外国姓氏复数=一家人【V复】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●●【unit3语法详解+考点解析】《语法课：名词》定义理解：表示人物/事物「sb、sth」的名称具体分类：●专有名词：特殊的sb/sth「大写」●普通名词：普通的sb/sth▼可数名词：【考点】—❶变化规则❷表达▼不可数名词：【考点】—❶类别❷表达◈物质名词、抽象名词━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●可数名词：单数「a，an，the，one」复数：「变形」━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━R规则变化：普通情况：+s特殊情况：【X、S、Ch、Sh】+es【学生超帅有意思】辅音+y：把y变成ies元音（ａ、e、i、o、u、）+y：+s→boys以o结尾【有命】：+es；【无命】+s以f/fe结尾的：把f/fe变成ves「刀狼的妻子叫叶子是小偷躲架后」→knife；wolf；wife；leaf；thief；shelf→f/fe变成vesR不规则变化：元音a变成e：例如man、woman：policemen、policewomen「注意：German德国人；Roman罗马人；human人类；→→复数+s」元音oo变ee：例如tooth；foot；goose鹅英法联军a变e；中日两国不用变，其他国人+s：英国人（English），法国人（French）Englishman；Frenchman；Chinese；Japanese；Americans；Australians全变：child→children；mouse→mice【老鼠】复合名词：boy/girlstudent【复数：boy/girlstudents，只变后面】man/womanteacher【复数：men/womenteachers，前后都要变】单复同形：fish；deer；sheep、Chinese、Japanese形单意复：people人们；family家人；class班级（集体名词）形复意单：maths数学；politics政治【学科—V单数】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●不可数名词：分类：液体类，金属类，时间类，路程类，肉类，......如何表达？①具体量化（词组：acupofwater）②笼统说法（much,little...）常见的不可数n:bread面包，news新闻，weather天气，music音乐，advice建议，courage勇气，information信息，progress进步，paper纸张，meat肉...━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━●名词所有格：“....的”→❶名词单数's❷名词复数'❸......of....❹....to...ThisisJaneandMary'sroom.【共同拥有，后面➕'s】ThisareJane'sandMary'srooms.【各自拥有，各自➕'s】★西方节日不加the，中国传统节日加the【母亲/父亲节：Mother'sday/Father'sday】【Teachers'day教师节，Children'sday儿童节】━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━【部分用to情况】：thekeytothedoor门的钥匙theanswertothequestion问题的答案theticketto....门票theentranceto....入口━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━写作指导题目：根据下面表格提示，写一篇题为"SavingtheEarth"的英文。人类的不明智之举1.乱伐树木2.乱扔垃圾3.排放废弃物导致问题1.土地沙化2.河水变脏3.空气质量变差4.全球气温升高建议你的看法（至少三条）思路点播：1.时态：一般现在时+现在进行时2.人称：发出提倡为主，主语we3.写作思路：阐述现象→导致问题→提出建议【三段式】