山东省菏泽市2023-2024学年高二1月教学质量检测英语试题 含解析

2023—2024学年高二上学期教学质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.答题前,考生务必将姓名、班级等个人信息填写在答题卡指定位置。3.考生作答时,请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthelibrary,B.Inthebookstore.C.AtAlice’splace2.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Haveasnowballfightwithher.B.Buildasnowman.C.Drinksometea.3.Whatdoesthemanagreetodo?A.Talktotheneighbors.B.Decoratetheapartment.C.Wanderaroundwiththewoman.4.Whichsubjectdoesthemanteach?A.Music.B.Chemistry.C.Math.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Theman’sroom.B.Thewoman’sbrother.C.Newchairs第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Whatdidthewomanaskthemantobuy?A.Someflour.B.Someflowers.C.Somenoodles7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Gotoasupermarket.B.Cookameal.C.Dineout.听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10题。8.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutBally’sGym?A.Itchargeslowfees.B.Itslocationisgoodforher.C.Shegoesthereonceaweek.9.HowlongdoesthewomanexerciseinBally’sGymeachtime?A.Oneandahalfhours.B.AnhourC.Halfanhour.10.Whatdoesthemanintendtodonext?A.Contactthewoman’strainer.B.Signupforagym.C.Haveadrink听下面一段对话,回答第11至第13题。11.Whatdoesthemanattachimportanceto?A.Eatinganutritiousbreakfast.B.Losingweighthealthily.C.Gettingupearly.12.Whatisthewoman’scomplaintabouttheman?A.Healwaysstaysuplate.B.Heoftenlosesconcentration.C.Hefrequentlyworksovertime.13.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Humorous.B.Ashamed.C.Annoyed.听下面一段对话,回答第14至第17题。14Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fellowworkers.15.Whatkindofjobmightthemanthinkisthecoolest?A.Travelingandworkinginaspacecraft.B.Operatingandcontrollingaplane.C.Advisingpeopleaboutthelaw.16.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutenvironmentalscientists’work?A.They’remeaningful.B.They’readventurous.C.They’reinteresting.17.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Improvetheirpublicspeakingskills.B.Listallpotentialcareerpaths.C.Arrangeacontest.听下面一段独白,回答第18至第20题。18.WhoisReneSmith?A.Theleaderofasciencecenter.B.Thefounderofawebsite.C.Ateacherofauniversity.19.WhatdoweknowaboutScienceKids?A.Itonlyprovidedresourcesforparentsatfirst.B.Itattracts400,000visitorseachmonth.C.Ithasbeenaroundforover15years.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Torecommendastudyplatform.B.Todiscussaneducationissue.C.Tointroduceascientist.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWestminsterisadayschoolinAmericaforgradespre-firstthrough12,committedtocreatinganeducationalexperiencewherebright,curious,motivatedstudentscangrowintoleadersofresponsibility.JanTermisanintensive,three-weekcourseofstudyallowinguppergradestudentstofocusonasingletopicingreatdepthandatafasterpace.Thislearningexperienceoffersunique,cross-disciplinaryexperiencesintheclassroomaswellasoff-campusfieldtripsandopportunitiesforovernighttravel.InJanuary2023,819studentschosefrom43coursesincludingFoodChemistry&GlobalPerspectives,SportsMedicine,StorytellingThroughFilmmaking,Literature&EcologyofFlyFishing,DisasterManagement,InnovationsinVehicleDesign,andotheroptionscombiningexperientiallearningacrossavarietyofdisciplines.Eachcourseparticipatedinfieldtripsaspartoftheircurriculum,somewithintheAtlantaareaandothersthroughouttheUnitedStatesandbeyond.Altogether,studentstookmorethan200fieldtripstoplaceslikeFlorida’scoastalregionstostudybiodiversity,theCoca-Colaheadquarters,andBroadwayinNewYorkCity.StudentsmetwithfamousleadersofAtlanta’sbusinessandexpertsinavarietyoffields.InternationalJanTermcoursestookstudentstocountrieslikeCzechRepublicandPolandtolearnabouttheJewishexperiencefromancienttimestopresent,andEnglandtoexplorethecountry’sshiftinglandscapes.Inaddition,nearly100speakerspresentedtoclasses.1.WhatisonefeatureofJanTerm?A.Ithasover200classes. B.Itisatopic-focusedcourse.C.Itorganisesathree-daytrip. D.Itallowsallstudentstoattend.2.Whatdofieldtripsprovideforstudents?A.Fullscholarship. B.Jobopportunities.C.Academiccredits. D.Learningresources.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abusinessmagazine. B.Abookreview.C.Anentertainmentcolumn. D.Aneducationalwebsite.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的一所日制学校，介绍了学校课程的特点以及课程选择和实习考察的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“JanTermisanintensive,three-weekcourseofstudyallowinguppergradestudentstofocusonasingletopicingreatdepthandatafasterpace.(JanTerm是一个为期三周的密集学习课程，允许高年级学生以更快的速度深入关注单个主题)”可知，JanTerm的一个特点是以主题为中心的课程。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Eachcourseparticipatedinfieldtripsaspartoftheircurriculum,somewithintheAtlantaareaandothersthroughouttheUnitedStatesandbeyond.Altogether,studentstookmorethan200fieldtripstoplaceslikeFlorida’scoastalregionstostudybiodiversity,theCoca-Colaheadquarters,andBroadwayinNewYorkCity.StudentsmetwithfamousleadersofAtlanta’sbusinessandexpertsinavarietyoffields.InternationalJanTermcoursestookstudentstocountrieslikeCzechRepublicandPolandtolearnabouttheJewishexperiencefromancienttimestopresent,andEnglandtoexplorethecountry’sshiftinglandscapes.(每门课程都参加实地考察，作为课程的一部分，一些在亚特兰大地区，另一些在美国和其他地区。学生们总共进行了200多次实地考察，前往佛罗里达沿海地区研究生物多样性、可口可乐总部和纽约百老汇等地。学生们会见了亚特兰大著名的商界领袖和各个领域的专家。国际JanTerm课程将学生带到捷克共和国和波兰等国家，了解犹太人从古至今的经历，并将学生带到英国，探索该国不断变化的景观)”可知，实地考察为学生提供了学习资源。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“WestminsterisadayschoolinAmericaforgradespre-firstthrough12,committedtocreatinganeducationalexperiencewherebright,curious,motivatedstudentscangrowintoleadersofresponsibility.(威斯敏斯特是美国的一所日制学校，招收从一年级到12年级的学生，致力于创造一种教育体验，让聪明、好奇、上进的学生成长为负责任的领导者)”结合文章主要介绍了美国的一所日制学校，介绍了学校课程的特点以及课程选择和实习考察的情况。可推知，文章选自教育网站。故选D。BNathanSmithiscaptainofPortValeFC,andTomConlonhasjustsignedforOldhamAthleticoftheNationalLeague.Thesetwofootballplayers,both27,feeltheyhavearesponsibilitytopassonlessonstheylearnttothenextgeneration.TheyfoundedtheProLevelcoachingschoolin2021,offeringfreeweeklyclassesatKeeleUniversity,inStaffordshire.Tokeeptheacademyrunwell,theythenlaunchedacharitytohelpchildrenfromallbackgroundsandabilitiesgetthemostfromthesport.Theyseethecharityasan“antidote”tothefootballsystem,whichhasbeenheavilycriticisedforputtingtoomuchpressureonyoungstersbeforemanyofthemarethrownaway.AlthoughNathanandTomworkwiththeabandonedplayers,tryingtorebuildtheirconfidenceandloveofthegame,theystressthatabilityisnotacriterionforattendingthetraining.Theywillprovidesomevitallifelessonsalongtheway,helpingyoungpeopletoovercometheirshynessandbecomebettercommunicators,andalsosupportyoungplayerswhohavebeenrejectedbyprofessionalclubsatanearlyageandfeelfootballhaslittletoofferthem.Tomsaid,“Thesortofcoachingshouldn’tjustbeforthosewholongtobethestarsofthefuture-allchildrencanbenefitfromthetactical(战术),fitnessandmentalityworkwedo.Childhoodhasbecomeincreasinglychallenging.Wearelookingtoprovideaplaceforallchildrentofeelproudofwhotheyare.”“Iwanttoofferthemthesameexperiencethat’shelpedshapethepersonIamnow.Andweseethechildrenthatwearecoachingovercometheirshynessandlackofconfidence.Youcanseethemgrowingasyoungpeople,developingrelationship,becomingbettercommunicatorsandsocializingwithothers,“addedNathan.EmilyCherry,directorofthecharity,said,“I’veseentheboyscoachandthedifferenceitmakestothechildren.Thekidsbenefitmassively,andnotjustintermsofsoccerskills.”4.WhydidTomConlonandNathanSmithfoundthecoachingschool?A.Toraisemoneyforchildren. B.Tohuntforprofessionalcoaches.C.Totrainexcellentfootballplayers. D.Totransformchildrenthroughfootball.5.Whichistheclosestinmeaningto“antidote”inparagraph2?A.Solution. B.Addition. C.Organisation. D.Shelter6.Whatdoeschildrenneedmostaccordingtothetext?A.Soccerskills. B.Freecoaching C.Lifeskills. D.Physicalfitness.7.WhatdoesEmilyCherrythinkofthecoachingschool?A.Itbecomesahit. B.Itneedstobeimproved.C.Itmakesmuchprofit. D.Itmakesmuchdifference.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了把自己学到的经验传授给下一代，同时给孩子们带来良好影响，汤姆·康伦和内森·史密斯成立教练学校，每周提供免费课程。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheyfoundedtheProLevelcoachingschoolin2021,offeringfreeweeklyclassesatKeeleUniversity,inStaffordshire.Tokeeptheacademyrunwell,theythenlaunchedacharitytohelpchildrenfromallbackgroundsandabilitiesgetthemostfromthesport.(他们于2021年在斯塔福德郡的基尔大学创办了专业级别的教练学校，每周提供免费课程。为了保持学校的良好运作，他们发起了一个慈善机构，帮助不同背景和能力的孩子们从这项运动中获得最大的收获)”可知，汤姆·康伦和内森·史密斯成立教练学校是为了通过足球改变孩子。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“whichhasbeenheavilycriticisedforputtingtoomuchpressureonyoungstersbeforemanyofthemarethrownaway”可知，which指代上文thefootballsystem，即足球系统因在许多年轻人被抛弃之前给他们施加了太多压力而受到严厉批评，所以这个慈善机构成了足球系统问题的一个“解决方案”。故划线词意思是“解决方案”。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AlthoughNathanandTomworkwiththeabandonedplayers,tryingtorebuildtheirconfidenceandloveofthegame,theystressthatabilityisnotacriterionforattendingthetraining.(虽然内森和汤姆与被遗弃的球员一起工作，试图重建他们的信心和对比赛的热爱，但他们强调能力不是参加训练的标准)”以及倒数第二段“Iwanttoofferthemthesameexperiencethat’shelpedshapethepersonIamnow.Andweseethechildrenthatwearecoachingovercometheirshynessandlackofconfidence.Youcanseethemgrowingasyoungpeople,developingrelationship,becomingbettercommunicatorsandsocializingwithothers(我想给他们提供同样的经历，帮助塑造了现在的我。我们看到我们所辅导的孩子克服了羞怯和缺乏自信。你可以看到他们成长为年轻人，发展人际关系，成为更好的沟通者和社交者)”可知，孩子们最需要生活技能。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“EmilyCherry,directorofthecharity,said,“I’veseentheboyscoachandthedifferenceitmakestothechildren.Thekidsbenefitmassively,andnotjustintermsofsoccerskills.”(该慈善机构的负责人艾米丽·切里说：“我看到了男孩们的教练，这对孩子们产生了很大的影响。孩子们受益匪浅，而且不仅仅是在足球技能方面。”)”可知，艾米丽·切里认为教练学校影响很大。故选D。CWiththeemergence(出现)ofintelligenttransportationsystemsandtheinternetofthings,theworldisenteringthenextstageofmovement—smarttransportation.Inrecentyears,Chinesetechnologycompanieshaveworkedhardtospeedupthecommercialuseofrobotaxis.InMarch,BeijinggaveautonomousdrivingpermitstotechgiantBaiduandself-drivingstartupPony.aitorunfullydriverlessrobotaxisonopenroads.InJune,Baiducarriedoutitsdriverlessride-hailing(叫车)serviceinShenzhen,Guangdong.ItsApolloGorobotaxishavebeenputintouseacrossanareaof188squarekilometersinShenzhenfrom7amto10pmdaily.PassengerscandownloadappslikeApolloGoorBaiduMaptotheirsmartphones,andtelltheappwheretheyareandwheretheywanttogo.Then,acarwillappear.Withsensorsandcamerasplacedalloverthecar,acomputertakesfullcontrolofthedrive.Ascreenonthebackseatsshowshowtherobotaxi’ssoftwarelooksatthespacearoundthecartoseeothercars,humans,bikes,andanythingelsethatmightgetinitsway.“Therobotaxigoesataboutthesamespeed,providingagooddrivingexperience,”auserpostedonXiaohongshu.Asofthefirstquarterof2023,theusersatisfactionratingfortheApolloGoapphasreached4.9outof5,withthelatestdatashowingthat97.12percentofthereviewsarefive-starratings.Meanwhile,driversinthecitycanalsoenjoytheconveniencesofsmarttransportation.InGuiyang,Guizhou,atsomesmartparkinglots,driversonlyneedtoparktheircarsataninduction(感应)line.Asmartsystemcanputthevehiclesintoaspecificarea.Whendriverswanttogetbacktheircars,theymakearequestontheterminal(终端的)deviceandthecarwillcomeoutoftheparkinglotbyitselfinaboutoneminute.Allinall,smarttransportationusesnewtechnologiestomakemovingaroundacityeasierandsafer.8.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph2?A.BaiducompetesfiercelyagainstPony.B.RobotaxisbegintoruninsomecitiesinChina.C.Robotaxiscanrunonopenroadswithoutdrivingpermits.D.Techcompaniesdolittleresearchonsmarttransportation.9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Howtoworkrobotaxis. B.Whytousesmartphones.C.Wheretodownloadapps. D.Whotocontrolcomputers.10.Whatisthepurposeoflistingthenumbersinparagraph4?A.Tocomparespeedratings.B.Toshowtheusers’satisfaction.C.Tocheckthesafetyofrobotaxis.D.Tointroduceadrivingexperience,11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Robotaxis:ANewDevelopmentB.Smarttransportation:ABetterLifeC.GiantBaidu:ALeaderinTechnologyD.Techcompanies:HopefortheFuture【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能交通系统和物联网技术的应用，将世界推向智能交通的新阶段。中国科技公司在推动自动驾驶出租车商业化，百度的ApolloGo自动驾驶出租车目前运行较好，给乘客带来了良好的体验。同时，智能交通为城市中的司机带来便利，使得停车更加方便和高效。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“InMarch,BeijinggaveautonomousdrivingpermitstotechgiantBaiduandself-drivingstartupPony.aitorunfullydriverlessrobotaxisonopenroads.InJune,Baiducarriedoutitsdriverlessride-hailing(叫车)serviceinShenzhen,Guangdong.ItsApolloGorobotaxishavebeenputintouseacrossanareaof188squarekilometersinShenzhenfrom7amto10pmdaily.(今年3月，北京向科技巨头百度和自动驾驶初创公司小马智行颁发了自动驾驶许可证，允许它们在开放道路上运行完全无人驾驶的自动驾驶出租车。今年6月，百度在广东深圳推出了无人驾驶叫车服务。该公司的ApolloGo自动驾驶出租车已在深圳188平方公里的范围内投入使用，每天从早上7点运行到晚上10点)”可知，自动驾驶出租车开始在中国的一些城市运行。故选B项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“PassengerscandownloadappslikeApolloGoorBaiduMaptotheirsmartphones,andtelltheappwheretheyareandwheretheywanttogo.Then,acarwillappear.Withsensorsandcamerasplacedalloverthecar,acomputertakesfullcontrolofthedrive.Ascreenonthebackseatsshowshowtherobotaxi’ssoftwarelooksatthespacearoundthecartoseeothercars,humans,bikes,andanythingelsethatmightgetinitsway.(乘客可以将ApolloGo或百度地图等应用下载到他们的智能手机上，并告诉应用他们在哪里，他们想去哪里。然后，一辆汽车出现了。由于传感器和摄像头遍布汽车各处，计算机完全控制驾驶。后座上的屏幕显示了自动驾驶出租车的软件如何观察汽车周围的空间，以发现其他汽车、人类、自行车和任何可能妨碍它的东西)”可知，本段主要介绍了自动驾驶出租车的工作方式，包括乘客下载相关应用，提供出行的起点和终点信息，以及由计算机完全控制驾驶，观察行驶中的周边环境。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Asofthefirstquarterof2023,theusersatisfactionratingfortheApolloGoapphasreached4.9outof5,withthelatestdatashowingthat97.12percentofthereviewsarefive-starratings.(截至2023年第一季度，ApolloGo应用程序的用户满意度评分达到4.9分，满分为5分，最新数据显示，97.12%的评价是五星级)”可知，此处的数字与用户对ApolloGo的使用体验相关，体验评分很高，五星级评价的占比也很高。由此可知，提到这些数字是为了显示用户的满意度。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Withtheemergence(出现)ofintelligenttransportationsystemsandtheinternetofthings,theworldisenteringthenextstageofmovement—smarttransportation.(随着智能交通系统和物联网的出现，世界正在进入下一个移动阶段——智能交通)”和最后一段“Allinall,smarttransportationusesnewtechnologiestomakemovingaroundacityeasierandsafer.(总而言之，智能交通使用新技术使城市中的交通更容易、更安全)”可知，文章主要围绕智能交通的新发展展开，介绍了中国科技公司在推动自动驾驶出租车商业化，百度的ApolloGo自动驾驶出租车目前运行较好，给乘客带来了良好的体验，智能交通还为城市中的司机带来便利，使得停车更加方便和高效。由此可知，文章主要是侧重智能交通给人们生活带来的好处，B项“智能交通：更美好的生活”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。DSomeareconcernedthatAItoolsareturninglanguagelearningintoaweakeningpursuit.Moreandmorepeopleareusingsimple,freetools,notonlytodecodetextbutalsotospeak.Withtheseapps’conversationmode,youtalkintoaphoneandaspokentranslationisheardmomentslater;theappcanalsolistenforanotherlanguageandproduceatranslationinyours.Othersarelessworried.Mostpeopledonotmoveabroadorhavethekindofon-goingcontactwithaforeignculturethatrequiresthemtoputintheworktobecomefluent.Nordomostpeoplelearnlanguagesforthepurposeofhumanisingthemselvesortrainingtheirbrains.Ontheirholiday,theyjustwantabeerandthespaghettiwithoutincident.DouglasHofstadter,anexpertinmanylanguages,hasarguedthatsomethingprofound(深刻的)willdisappearwhenpeopletalkthroughmachines.Hedescribesgivingabroken,difficultspeechinChinese,whichrequiredalotofworkbutofferedasenseofsatisfactionattheend.AsAItranslationbecomesanevenmorepopularlabor-savingtool,peoplecanbedividedintotwogroups.Therewillbethosewhowanttostretchtheirminds,exposethemselvestootherculturesorforcetheirthinkingintonewpathways.Thisgroupwillstilltakeonlanguagestudy,oftenaidedbytechnology.Otherswilllookatlearninganewlanguagewithamixofadmirationandpuzzlement,astheymightwithextremeendurance(耐力)sports:“Goodforyou,ifthat’syourthing,butabitpainfulformytaste.”Butafocusonthelearneralonemissesthefundamentallysocialnatureoflanguage.Itisabitlikeanalysingthebenefitsofcloserelationshipstoheart-healthbutoverlookingtheinherent(固有的)valueofthosebondsthemselves.WhenyoutrytoaskdirectionsinbrokenJapaneseorruinajokeinbrokenGerman,youaremakingdirectcontactwithsomeone.Andwhenyouspeakalanguagewellenoughtotellastorywithperfecttimingorputdelicatedifferencesonanargument,thatconnectionismoreprofoundstill.Thebestrelationshipsdonotrequireamedium.12.Whatisthefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Communicatingthroughappsissimple.B.Appsprovideaone-wayinteractiveprocess.C.Usingappsbecomesmoreandmorepopular.D.AItoolsweakentheneedsoflanguagelearning.13.WhatisDouglas’attitudetolanguagelearning?A.Favorable. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear14.Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondgroupmentionedinparagraph4?A.Theyarekeenonforeignculture.B.Theylongtojoininendurancesports.C.TheyfindAltoolstoocomplextooperate.D.Theylackthemotivationtolearnlanguage.15.Howdoestheauthorhighlighthisargumentinthelastparagraph?A.Byprovidingexamples. B.Byexplainingconcepts.C.Bystatingreasons. D.Byofferingadvice.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。一些人担心，人工智能工具正在把语言学习变成一种弱化的追求，文章对这种现象进行了介绍。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“SomeareconcernedthatAItoolsareturninglanguagelearningintoaweakeningpursuit.(一些人担心，人工智能工具正在把语言学习变成一种弱化的追求。)”和第二段前三句“Othersarelessworried.Mostpeopledonotmoveabroadorhavethekindofon-goingcontactwithaforeignculturethatrequiresthemtoputintheworktobecomefluent.Nordomostpeoplelearnlanguagesforthepurposeofhumanisingthemselvesortrainingtheirbrains.(其他人则不那么担心。大多数人没有搬到国外，也没有持续接触外国文化（这需要他们投入工作来变得流利）。大多数人学习语言也不是为了使自己人性化或训练他们的大脑。)”可知，前两段主要是讲人工智能工具削弱了语言学习的需求。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“DouglasHofstadter,anexpertinmanylanguages,hasarguedthatsomethingprofound(深刻的)willdisappearwhenpeopletalkthroughmachines.Hedescribesgivingabroken,difficultspeechinChinese,whichrequiredalotofworkbutofferedasenseofsatisfactionattheend.(多语言专家道格拉斯·霍夫施塔特认为，当人们通过机器交谈时，一些深奥的东西将会消失。他描述了用中文做一次断断续续的、困难的演讲，这需要大量的工作，但最后会有一种满足感。)”可知，道格拉斯对语言学习持支持态度。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Otherswilllookatlearninganewlanguagewithamixofadmirationandpuzzlement,astheymightwithextremeendurance(耐力)sports:“Goodforyou,ifthat’syourthing,butabitpainfulformytaste.”(另一些人会带着钦佩和困惑看待学习一门新语言，就像他们看待极限耐力运动一样：“如果你喜欢的话，对你有好处，但对我来说有点痛苦。”)”可知，第四段中的第二组缺乏学习语言的动力。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句到最后一句“Itisabitlikeanalysingthebenefitsofcloserelationshipstoheart-healthbutoverlookingtheinherent(固有的)valueofthosebondsthemselves.WhenyoutrytoaskdirectionsinbrokenJapaneseorruinajokeinbrokenGerman,youaremakingdirectcontactwithsomeone.Andwhenyouspeakalanguagewellenoughtotellastorywithperfecttimingorputdelicatedifferencesonanargument,thatconnectionismoreprofoundstill.Thebestrelationshipsdonotrequireamedium.(这有点像分析亲密关系对心脏健康的好处，但忽视了这些关系本身的内在价值。当你试图用蹩脚的日语问路或用蹩脚的德语讲笑话时，你是在与某人直接接触。当你的语言说得足够好，能够在完美的时机讲故事，或者在争论中提出微妙的分歧时，这种联系就会更加深刻。最好的关系不需要媒介。)”可知，作者在最后一段中通过举例来强调自己的观点。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtodealwithdecisionparalysis(瘫痪)Ifyou’veevergoneonlinetoordersomethingduringaworkbreak-let’ssayanewelectrictoothbrush-expectingittobefairlyeasy,butinsteadyoufoundyourselfoverwhelmedbythehugenumberofchoicesavailable,you’veexperienceddecisionparalysis.You’reshockedthattherearesomanyfactorstoconsider;notonlythebasics,suchaspriceanddeliverytime,buttherearemanyotherfactorslikebatteryduration,warninglightsfortoomuchpressureandevenfancyapps._____16_____Thisisjustoneexampleofdecisionparalysis-whenthehugenumberofchoicesandthedifficultyofweighingthesupermarketup-leadsyoutofreeze.Itusedtobethoughtthatincreasedchoicecouldonlybeagoodthingforconsumersandtheywouldwelcomeit,butactuallyitcanbringtheoppositeeffectandcausepeopletowalkaway._____17_____Perhapsyouonlyhavetwoorthreechoices,buttheriskofmakingthewrongdecisioncanbeparalysing,suchaschoosingbetweenuniversityplacesandjoboffers._____18_____Oneistorecognisethatthereisrarelyanysuchthingastheperfectdecision.Anotheristoacknowledgethatnotmakingadecisionisactuallyadecision-sodon’tkidyourselfthatendlesslyprocrastinating(拖延)istheeasysolution.Ifyou’rewillingtoputintheeffort,apracticalapproachistoreducethementalcomplexityinvolvedinadecisionbydoingalittleresearch._____19_____Inthecaseofthetoothbrush,thismightbepricefirstandthenbatteryduration;inthecaseofchoosingauniversityitmightbefamefirst,thenfriendswhoarealsoplanningtostudythere,andlastlythedistancetohome.Scoretheavailablechoicesagainstthosefactors,givinggreaterweighttothosethatarehigherpriority._____20_____A.Youcouldalwaysmakearandomchoice.B.Makesomebriefnotesaboutthepriorfactorstoyou.C.Therearevariouswaystoovercomedecisionparalysis.D.You’llendupwithascoreshowingyouthemostfavourabledecision.E.Theclockistickingonyourbreakandit’simpossibletomakeadecision.F.Thisisallthatyou’llmissoutononceyouchoosetogodownaparticularpath.G.Inotherlifesituations,itmightbetheweightofthedecisionthatbearsdownonyou.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了人们网上购物时的决策麻痹现象并给出了应对策略。【16题详解】根据空前“You’reshockedthattherearesomanyfactorstoconsider;notonlythebasics,suchaspriceanddeliverytime,buttherearemanyotherfactorslikebatteryduration,warninglightsfortoomuchpressureandevenfancyapps（你会惊讶地发现有这么多因素需要考虑;不仅是价格和交货时间等基本因素，还有许多其他因素，比如电池续航时间、压力过大的警示灯，甚至是花哨的应用程序。）”可知，购物时要考虑的因素很多，不容易做决定，故E“Theclockistickingonyourbreakandit’simpossibletomakeadecision.（你的已经不多了，你不可能做出决定。）”符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】根据空后“Perhapsyouonlyhavetwoorthreechoices,buttheriskofmakingthewrongdecisioncanbeparalysing,suchaschoosingbetweenuniversityplacesandjoboffers.（也许你只有两三个选择，但做出错误决定的风险可能会让你束手无策，比如在大学学位和工作机会之间做出选择。）”可知，这个例子表明决定多并不是好事，会给你带来压力，故G“Inotherlifesituations,itmightbetheweightofthedecisionthatbearsdownonyou.（在其他生活情况下，可能是决定给你带来的压力。）”符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】设空位置是段首，是本段主题句，根据空后“Oneistorecognisethatthereisrarelyanysuchthingastheperfectdecision.Anotheristoacknowledgethatnotmakingadecisionisactuallyadecision-sodon’tkidyourselfthatendlesslyprocrastinating(拖延)istheeasysolution.（一个是要认识到，几乎不存在完美的决定。另一个是承认不做决定实际上是一个决定——所以不要欺骗自己无休止地拖延是简单的解决方案。）”可知，这里提供了一些克服决策瘫痪方法，故C“Therearevariouswaystoovercomedecisionparalysis.（有多种方法可以克服决策瘫痪。）”符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】根据空前“Ifyou’rewillingtoputintheeffort,apracticalapproachistoreducethementalcomplexityinvolvedinadecisionbydoingalittleresearch.（如果你愿意付出努力，一个实际的方法是通过做一些研究来减少决策中涉及的心理复杂性。）”可知，建议你做一些研究,B项的makenotes可以帮助你来研究，故B“Makesomebriefnotesaboutthepriorfactorstoyou.（对您之前的因素做一些简短的记录。）”符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据空前“Scoretheavailablechoicesagainstthosefactors,givinggreaterweighttothosethatarehigherpriority.（根据这些因素对可用的选择进行评分，对那些优先级更高的选项给予更大的权重。）”可知，评分有利于你做出决定，故D“You’llendupwithascoreshowingyouthemostfavourabledecision.（你最终会得到一个分数，显示你最有利的决定。）”符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共三节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnemorningwhenanemployeeataCostcostorenearCleveland,Ohio,failedtoshowupforhisscheduledshiftat5a.m.,___21___abouttheircolleague,themanager,JesseOrsborn,decidedtoreachoutandmakesureeverythingwasokay.Insituationswheresomeonemight___22___fortheearlyshift,theyusuallygivethemafriendlywake-upcall,checkingifthey’reontheirway.However,this___23___check-intookanunexpectedturn.Whentheemployeeansweredthecall,hisspeechwas___24___tounderstand,andtheconnectionsuddenly___25___.Theystarted___26___severaltimes,andeachtime,itbecamemore___27___thatsomethingwasseriouslywrong.Therewasmumblingandgroaning(呻吟),andtheyrealisedthatitwasevidentthathewasexperiencingamedical___28___.Aseventsunfolded,itwasrevealedthatthe___29___wasinthemidstofastroke(中风).Withoutwastinganytime,thequick-thinkingcolleagueskeptthemanonthe____30____whileothersdialedemergencyservices.Thankstotheirtimelyactions,themanwasquickly____31____tothehospitaland,fortunately,laterreleased.However,itwasnotedthathefacesa____32____roadtorecovery.Thecarefulemployeesarebeingconsideredas____33____fortheirquickthinkingandcompassion,whichultimatelysavedthelifeofafellowworker.Theyalways____34____thestrongsenseofcommunitywithintheCostcofamily.“Wetakecareofourmembers.Wetakecareofouremployees.Theymeanthe____35____tous.”21.A.concerned B.scared C.angry D.puzzled22.A.overwork B.oversleep C.overlook D.overview23.A.routine B.unusual C.sudden D.special24.A.hard B.vital C.eager D.simple25.A.appeared B.flew C.dropped D.came26.A.running B.calling C.crying D.asking27.A.strange B.crazy C.natural D.apparent28.A.examination B.miracle C.emergency D.accident29.A.co-worker B.stranger C.operator D.volunteer30.A.