（外研版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义 选择性必修第三册　Unit 2 A lifes work

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．lensn．(照相机、摄像机的)镜头2．groceryn．食品杂货店3．grocerystore超级市场4．farawayadj.遥远的5．celebrityn．名人，明星6．anthropologistn．人类学家7．atomicadj.原子能的；核能的8．hydrogenn．氢9．propulsionn．(车辆等的)推进力10．jetpropulsion喷气推进11．acclaimn．表扬，赞赏12．shunv．(故意)避开，躲开13．spotlightn．聚光灯；媒体的关注14．harshadj.恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的15．prosperousadj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的16．antiquen．古董，古玩，古物17．crimsonadj.深红色的18．workplacen．工作场所19．timepiecen．计时器；钟；表20．envoyn．使者，使节21．intricateadj.错综复杂的22．painstakingadj.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的23．workshopn．车间，工场24．melodyn．歌曲；曲调25．giganticadj.巨大的，庞大的26．flapv．振(翼)，扑动(翅膀)27．spinv．将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线)，纺(线)28．exaggerationn．夸大，夸张29．metaphorn．隐喻，暗喻30．nonethelessadv.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此31．artisann．工匠，手艺人32．aptadj.适当的，恰当的33．timelessadj.永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的34．sedatelyadv.安静地；慢悠悠地35．modestadj.谦虚的，谦逊的Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．posev．(使)摆好姿势2．trialn．试验3．courtyardn．庭院，院子4．preciousadj.珍稀的；贵重的5．polishv．擦亮，擦光6．barkv．(狗)吠叫7．essayn．短文，论说文8．comprisev．包括，由……构成Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．fascinationn．着迷，迷恋；魅力；极大的吸引力→fascinatev．吸引；迷住→fascinatingadj.迷人的→fascinatedadj.被迷住的；极感兴趣的2．fashionn．时尚→fashionableadj.时髦的；流行的3．uncomplicatedadj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的→complicated(反)adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicatev．使复杂化→complicationn．使复杂化的事物4．craftn．(某一行业所需的)技能；工艺；手艺→craftsmann．工匠；手艺人→craftsmanshipn．手艺；工艺；技艺5．restorationn．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修→restorev．恢复；修复6．maximumn．最大量，最大值→minimum(反)n．最小量，最小值7．preservev．维护，保护；保存→preservationn．保护8．dominatev．支配，控制，主宰→dominationn．控制；统治9．architecturen．建筑风格，建筑设计→architectn．建筑师10．ambitiousadj.宏大的，艰巨的→ambitionn．野心；雄心11．associatev．与……有关→associationn．联系；协会；社团→associatedadj.有联系的；联合的12．analysis(pl.analyses)n.分析→analysev．分析1．fuss/fʌs/n．无谓的激动；大惊小怪；小题大做makeafuss(aboutsth)(因某事)大惊小怪2．forbid/fə'bId/vt.(forbade/fə'bæd；fə'beId/，forbidden/fə'bIdn/)禁止；不许forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事3．halt/hɔːlt/vi.停止vt.阻止n．停止；暂停cometoahalt停止；停滞4．underestimate/ˌʌndər'estImət/vt.&vi.低估；看轻5．intheflesh本人；活生生地6．beware/bI'weə(r)/vi.&vt.当心；提防；注意bewareof当心；谨防7．curse/kɜːs/vt.&vi.诅咒；咒骂8．touchon提及9．flatter/'flætə(r)/vt.奉承；讨好10．rehearse/rI'hɜːs/vt.&vi.排练；排演Ⅳ.背核心短语1．bytrialanderror反复试验(以得出最佳结果)2．backdown退让；认输3．thecuttingedge(ofsth)(某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿4．thinkoutsidethebox不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考5．breaknewground开辟新的领域；有新发现6．nothingmorethan不过；仅仅；只有7．posefor为……摆好姿势8．regardlessof不管，不顾；不理会9．approachto……的方法；通往……的路10．contributeto有助于；导致11．atone’sownpace按某人自己的步调12．dayin，dayout日复一日13．rangefrom...to...范围涵盖……到……14．bring...backtolife使……复活，使……重生15．datebackto追溯到；始于16．passon...to把……传给17．takeon承担；呈现；具有(特征)；雇用18．takeup占用，花费(时间、空间或精力)；开始从事19．leave(...)behind遗留，把……落在后面Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Hewouldevenstayoutsideinastorm，notcomingbackuntilheknewhehadtherightphotos.(not...until...)甚至在暴风雨时，他也会待在外面，直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。2．Hevaluedhisintegrityandwouldnotbeboughtbyanyone，nomatterhowmanyfreeclothesorflightstofarawaydestinationshewasoffered.(“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句)他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。3．Ifithadn’tbeenforathree-episodedocumentary，outsiderswouldneverhaveknownthattheplainly-dressedpeopleworkingherearemastersoftheircraft，whohavespenttheirlivesrestoringpreciousantiques.(if引导的虚拟条件句)若不是一部三集的纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道，在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师，他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。4．EvenifeveryclockinthePalaceMuseumwererestored，therewouldstillbeworktodo，becauserestorationwouldprobablyneedtobeginagainontheclocksthatwererepairedlongago.(evenif引导让步状语从句)即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做，因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共12分)1．melodyn．歌曲；曲调2．giganticadj.巨大的，庞大的3．farawayadj.遥远的4．nonethelessadv.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此5．modestadj.谦虚的，谦逊的6．timelessadj.永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的7．acclaimn．表扬，赞赏8．harshadj.恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的9．prosperousadj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的10．antiquen．古董，古玩，古物11．workplacen．工作场所12．painstakingadj.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共12分)1．comprisev．包括，由……构成2．preciousadj.珍稀的；贵重的3．courtyardn．庭院，院子4．posev．(使)摆好姿势5．trialn．试验6．polishv．擦亮，擦光Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)1．fashionn．时尚→fashionableadj.时髦的；流行的2．craftn．(某一行业所需的)技能；工艺；手艺→craftsmann．工匠；手艺人→craftsmanshipn．手艺；工艺；技艺3．analysisn．分析→analysev．分析4．restorationn．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修→restorev．恢复；修复5．fascinationn．着迷，迷恋；魅力；极大的吸引力→fascinatev．吸引；迷住→fascinatingadj.迷人的→fascinatedadj.被迷住的；极感兴趣的Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．forbidvt.禁止；不许2．makeafuss(aboutsth)(因某事)大惊小怪3．intheflesh本人；活生生地4．bewareof当心；谨防5．touchon提及Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2.5分，共15分)1．backdown退让；认输2．rangefrom...to...范围涵盖……到……3．atone’sownpace按某人自己的步调4．takeup占用，花费(时间、空间或精力)；开始从事5．passon...to把……传给6．approachto……的方法；通往……的路Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)1．Aswetryourbesttopreservepandas，weshouldalsopayattentiontothepreservationoftheirhabitats.(preserve)2．Theyoungmanisambitiousandhehastheambitionandthepotentialtobecomeasuperstar.(ambition)3．Wepaidavisittoagrandpalacedesignedbyafamousarchitectyesterdayandwewereattractedbyitssplendidarchitecture.(architect)4．Neitherofusseeksdominationoftheother，nordowewanttobedominated.(dominate)5．TheStudentAssociationisorganizingmanyphysicalactivities，becausehealthisassociatedwithexercise.(associate)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(bytrialanderror，regardlessof，datebackto，bring...backtolife，takeon)1．RegardlessofanydifficultyImeetwithonmywaytosuccess，Iwillnevergiveupandgoalloutformydreamuniversity.2．Standingonthetopofthehillisamonument，datingbacktohundredsofyearsago.3．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，thewayofcommunicationinpeople’slifehastakenonanewlookinrecentyears.4．Aftertheearthquake，thevillagerstriedtheirbesttobringthevillagebacktolife.5．Itisknowntousallthatthetreatmentformalariawasfoundbytrialanderror.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)1．即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。(“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句)Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.2．你说有一场重要的考试要参加，你是如此的紧张，以至于你直到深夜才能睡着。(not...until...)Yousaidwithanimportantexaminationtotake，youweresoanxiousthatyoucouldn’tfallasleepuntillateintothenight.3．如果没有他的鼓励和支持，我就不会实现当飞行员的梦想。(if引导的虚拟条件句)Ifithadn’tbeenforhisencouragementandsupport，Iwouldn’thaverealizedmydreamtobeapilot.4．即使我不喜欢他，这次我也会帮他走出困境。(evenif引导让步状语从句)IwillhelphimoutthistimeevenifIdon’tlikehim.Hehasbecomeacelebrityandnonetheless，heisstillmodestandhard-working.He’s1.charming(charm)inthespotlight.Hecarefully2.poses(pose)foreachphotographforfashionadvertisement.Hetakeseverysceneseriouslywhetherthesituationisuncomplicated，intricate3.orharsh.Thepainstakingeffortshehasmadeineveryfilmhelpboosthisfame.That’s4.whyhecanachievehisambitionintheprosperousfilmindustry.Hedoesn’tspendmoney5.onexpensivecourtyardsorantiqueslikemostcelebritiesbutmakesmaximumefforts6.topreserve(preserve)ancientpreciousarchitecture.Hehasafascinationforeverything7.associated(associate)withtherestorationofculturalrelics.Hethinksoutsidetheboxandbreaksnewground，whichwinshimlotsofacclaim.Hehasorganisedateamwhichcomprisesfifty8.artisans(artisan)withhighcraftsmanship.9.Using(use)scientificanalysesand10.their(they)perfectcrafts，theyarebusyrestoringrelicsbytrialanderror.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇nothingmorethan＝nomorethan不过是；仅仅；只有·morethan后接数词时，表示“超过；不止”，相当于over；后接名词时，意为“不只是；不仅仅……”，相当于notonly；后接形容词/副词时，意为“非常，很”，相当于very。·moreAthanB与其说B不如说A·notmorethan＋基数词，表示“最多；不超过”。(应用文写作之邀请信)如果你能在下周五晚上7点来我家参加我的生日聚会，我会非常高兴。会有十多个朋友(参加)。聚会不仅仅是为了好玩，也是为了相互交流。所以请接受我诚挚的邀请。Iwouldbemorethandelightedifyoucouldcomeandjoininmybirthdaypartyat7p．m.nextFridayatmyhome.Therewillbemorethantenfriends.Thepartyismorethanforfun；itisalsoformutualcommunication.Sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.backdown退让，认输backup支持，援助；倒退backawayfrom放弃；躲避；退避backandforth往返，来回turnone’sbackon背对；背弃gobackon违背，食言(1)Withsomanypeoplebackingmeup，Ifinallygainedthispreciousopportunity.(2)(读后续写之情感描写)得知儿子会认输，违背他最初的承诺，我在客厅里焦急地来回踱步，考虑如何说服他不要因为暂时的困难而放弃。Learningthatmysonwouldbackdownandgobackon/turnhisbackonhisinitialpromise，Ianxiouslypacedbackandforthinthesittingroom，consideringhowtopersuadehimnottobackawayfromtemporarydifficulties.datebackto(＝datefrom)追溯到；始于；起源于dateback追溯；上溯(后接时间段)outofdate(out-of-date)过时的，过期的uptodate(up-to-date)最新的；现代的；新式的；拥有最新信息的(1)Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.(2)Thecoatisoutofdate，soyou’dbetterchooseanotherstyleoffashioninthisstore.(3)(话题写作之传统文化)中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1000多年前。①Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistorywhich/thatcandatebackto/datefrommorethan1,000yearsago.(定语从句)②Chinesetea-drinkingculturehasalonghistorydatingbackto/datingfrommorethan1,000yearsago.(分词短语作定语)用法点拨dateback(to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。leave(...)behind遗留；把……落在后面leaveout漏掉；不包括；不理会；忽视leave...alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着leaveaside不予考虑；搁置一边leavefor动身去(某地)leaveoff停止；中断(1)用leave短语的正确形式填空①“Justmindyourownbusinessandleavemealone，”saidtheguyimpatiently.②(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Inthefive-kilometercross-countryrunningrace，sofastdidSarahrunthatshesoonlefttherestofusbehind.③(应用文写作之建议信)Itwouldbeagoodideaifwecouldleaveasidethechallengingproblemtemporarilyandleavefortheparktogetrefreshed.(2)我们将从上节课结束的地方开始。仔细听，以防你可能遗漏一些重要的知识点。We’llbeginfromwhereweleftoffinthelastclassanddolistencarefullyincaseyoumightleaveoutsomeimportantpoints.if引导的虚拟条件句Ifithadn’tbeenforathree-episodedocumentary，outsiderswouldneverhaveknownthattheplainly-dressedpeopleworkingherearemastersoftheircraft...若不是一部三集的纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道，在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师……虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用如下：·与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”·与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”·与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式、weretodo或shoulddo，主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”(1)Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained(rain)tomorrow，Iwouldn’tgotothegrocerystore.(2)(应用文写作之演讲稿)受邀在这里发表演讲我倍感荣幸。如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，让街上没有任何垃圾。Ifeelhonoredtobeinvitedheretodeliveraspeech.IfIwereadustman，Iwouldmakeourcitycleanerwithnorubbishlyingonthestreet.(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我感激地说：“如果你没有给我提好的建议，我就不会在激烈的比赛中获得第一名。”Isaidgratefully，“Ifyouhadn’tofferedmegoodsuggestions，Iwouldn’thavewonfirstprizeinthecompetitivecontest.”evenif/thoughEvenifeveryclockinthePalaceMuseumwererestored，therewouldstillbeworktodo，becauserestorationwouldprobablyneedtobeginagainontheclocksthatwererepairedlongago.即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做，因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。·evenif/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it且从句谓语动词含有be动词时也可采用省略结构，即省略从句的主语和be动词。·evenso即使如此；尽管这样(1)Hersalaryisveryhigh.Evenso，shewon’tspendmuchmoneyindecoratinghernewhouse.(2)Yououghttocarryonwithyourdream，eveniffacing(face)alotofdifficulty.(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)即使我吓得浑身颤抖，我仍然鼓起勇气，走上舞台，开始了我的演讲。Evenif/thoughIwassofrightenedastotrembleallover/sofrightenedthatItrembledallover，Istillgatheredupallmycourage，steppedonthestageandbeganmyspeech.用法点拨让步状语从句的引导词归纳：常用引导词：though；although；evenif；eventhough特殊引导词：as(从句必须倒装)；while(一般用在句首)；nomatter＋疑问词；疑问词＋-ever；whether...or...提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．poseeq\x(A.摆姿势B.造成C.提出)(1)Theresearchersposeproblemsthatrequiredetailedtechnicalhelp.C(2)Thiscouldposeathreattojobsinthecoalindustry.B(3)Pleasesitstillwhileyouposeforyourphoto.A2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Theyjustneedtopolishtheirtechnique.改进(2)Theambitiousprojectwascompletedinonlyninemonths.规模宏大的；艰巨的(3)(2022·浙江1月)Travellingtoconferences，lectures，workshops，andthelike—frequentlybyplane—isviewedasimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.研讨会Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Heisacknowledgedtobeanambitious(ambition)boy，becausehewantstobeascientistlikeEinstein.2．Whatwecan’toverlookisthatsmokingdoescontributetolungcancer.3．Thenovelistreadsallkindsofbooks，ranging(range)frompoetrytosciencefiction.4．Withjointefforts，weshouldboostourconfidenceinpreservingChinesetraditionsfromdisappearing.5．AsfarasIamconcerned，myskinnyroommateismorehard-workingthanintelligent.6．Thegracefulguideisintentlyintroducinganexquisitevasedating(date)backtotheMingDynasty.7．Myloyalfriendtoldmethatthecommitteewascomprisedofrepresentativesfromallwalksoflife.8．Heexclaimedinadmiration，“Howfashionable(fashion)yourdressis！Youlooklikeamoviestar.”9．Thewretchmighthavefoundabetterhotelifhehaddriven(drive)afewmorekilometers.10．Sinceyoucamehere，ourcityhastakenonanewlookandwemustexpressourheartfeltthankstoyou.假定你是李华，你将参加校英文报举办的主题为“TheScientistIAdmireMost”的演讲比赛，请写一篇演讲稿。完成句子1．我最钦佩的科学家是钟南山，他在困难面前从不退缩，为医学领域做出了巨大的贡献。(backdown；定语从句)2．众所周知，他会毫不犹豫地前往发生传染病的地方。(leavefor；定语从句)3．即使冒着生命危险，他也会献身于抢救疫区的病人。(evenif)4．如果不是因为他的无私、勇敢和奉献，他不会赢得中国人的尊重。(if引导的虚拟语气)5．在业余时间，他非常愿意学习最新的医学资料，以便更好地为人民服务。(morethan；sothat)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文TheScientistIAdmireMostThescientistIadmiremostisZhongNanshanwhoneverbacksdowninthefaceofdifficultiesandmakesgreatcontributionstothemedicalfield.Asisknowntousall，hewillleavefortheplace(that/which)aninfectiousdiseasehasstrickenwithouthesitation.Evenifheriskslosinghislife，hewillbecommittedtosavingpatientsinthedisease-strickenarea.Asaresult，ifithadn’tbeenforhisselflessness，braveryanddevotion，hewouldn’thavewonChinesepeople’srespect.What’smore，inhissparetime，heismorethanwillingtostudyup-to-datemedicalmaterialssothathecanbetterservethepeople.SuchisZhongNanshan，aremarkablefigureinthemedicalworld.教材语料整合亮词[人物描写]fascination；painstaking；sedately；modest；ambitious[科学探索]craft；bytrialanderror；thecuttingedge(ofsth)；thinkoutsidethebox；breaknewground；analysis美句1.Awhite-hairedoldmanridinganordinarybicyclearoundthestreetsofNewYork，alwayswearingthesameblueworker’sjacketandsimpleblackrunningshoes.(外貌描写)2．However，hesoughtnofameandshunnedthespotlight，returningtoChinawithgreatresolution.(人物描写)拓展语料积累动作细节描写：笑(二)单词giggle咯咯地笑，傻笑sneer嘲笑；讥讽词块withalaugh笑了一声laughfromeartoear笑得合不拢嘴howlwithlaughter放声大笑laughheartily开怀大笑screamwithlaughter捧腹大笑smilebitterly苦笑smileshyly羞答答地微笑splitintoasmile绽放微笑wearabroadsmile面带微笑chucklesoftly低声轻笑throwsbafaintsmile对某人微微一笑句型Afteryearsofpainstakingresearch，theywererewardedwithagreatbreakthrough，thesmileontheirfacesshininglikeadiamond.(独立主格)经过多年的潜心研究，他们取得了巨大的突破，他们脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。Shedidn’tsayaword，butsmiledawaterysmileandheldmyhandtightly.她一句话也没说，只是含泪笑了笑，紧紧地握着我的手。OnthewaywemetMrsPatrick，laughingguiltilyasifsheweredoingsomethingwrong.(现在分词短语作状语)在路上，我们遇到了帕特里克夫人，她内疚地笑着，好像做错了什么似的。Wearingabroadsmile，mymothergentlypattedmeontheshoulderanduttered，“Youcandoit.”(现在分词短语作状语)妈妈面带微笑，轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，说：“你能行的。”“Lookathim，”Fenchuckledsoftly，andhereyesgrewwide.“看他，”芬低声轻笑地说，眼睛睁得大大的。Allatonce，theteacher’sseriousexpressionsoftenedintoasmile.突然，老师严肃的表情变成了微笑。Soexcitedweretheythattheyjumpedupanddown，laughingfromeartoear.(现在分词短语作状语)他们兴奋得跳上跳下，笑得合不拢嘴。语料运用工匠精神HavingafascinationfortraditionalChinesemedicine，TuYouyouandherteamthoughtoutsidetheboxandbrokenewgroundinhowtotreatmalaria.TheytestedancientChinesemedicaltreatmentsbytrialanderrorandaftersomanyfailures，①theteammemberssmiledbitterly，notknowingwhentofindtheanswer.②Wearingabroadsmile(现在分词短语作状语)，TuYouyoupatientlyencouragedthem.Theythrewherafaintsmile，continuingtoworkhard.Afteryearsofpainstakingresearch，theywererewardedwithagreatbreakthrough，③thesmileontheirfacesshininglikeadiamond(独立主格)．Soexcitedweretheythattheyjumpedupanddown，laughingfromeartoear.WhencommentingonherwinningtheNobelPrize，modestTuYouyou④splitintoasmile，saying，“ItisourtirelesseffortsandthesupportofalltheChinesepeoplethatmakeussucceed.”屠呦呦和她的团队对中医非常着迷，他们在如何治疗疟疾方面打破了常规，开辟了新的领域。他们通过反复试验来检验古代中医疗法，在多次失败后，团队成员苦笑着，不知道什么时候才能找到答案。屠呦呦面带微笑，耐心地鼓励他们。他们对她微微一笑，继续努力工作。经过多年的艰苦研究，他们取得了一项重大突破，他们脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。他们兴奋得跳上跳下，笑得合不拢嘴。在就获得诺贝尔奖发表感言时，谦虚的屠呦呦绽放微笑，说：“是我们不懈的努力和全体中国人民的支持使我们取得了成功。”高考题型组合练32提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关Ⅰ.阅读理解A(★)(2024·湖南岳阳期中)Jobsthatusebothtechnicalandcreativethinkingareamongthefastest-growingandhighest-payingones，accordingtoanewreportfromBurningGlassTechnologies，ajobmarketanalyticcompanyinBoston.Itstudiedmillionsofjobpostingstobetterunderstandtheskillscompaniesrequire.Whattheydiscoveredwasthatmanywantworkerswithexperienceinsuchnewabilitiesasbig-datagatheringandanalytic，ordesignusingdigitaltechnology.BurningGlasscameupwiththeterm“hybridjobs”todescribethesekindsofpositions，whichrequireskillsnotnormallyfoundtogether.Forexample，thesehybridjobsmightrequirepeoplewithskillsindatascienceandadvertising，orengineeringandsales.“Thejobsofthefuturedon’tinvolvejustoneskill，”saysMattSigelman，chiefmanagerofBurningGlass.Thecompanyexpectsgeneraljobgrowthofabout10%between2018and2028，butthehybridjobsby21%.What’smore，hybridjobspaymorethanpositionsthatcallforatraditionalsetofskills.Forexample，amarketingmanagermasteringadatabaseprogramgetspaid41%morethanatraditionalone，withanaverageyearlysalaryof$100,000.Moreover，anengineerwhoimproveshersalesskillsandbecomesaconsultingengineerforasoftwarecompanycanmorethandoubleherpayfrom$180,000to$400,000.Whiledatashowsthatworkerswhofailtoupdatetheirskillswillbeabletofindfewerjobs，peopleinhybridjobsarelesslikelytobecomeoutofdate，withonly12%possibilityofbeingreplacedbymachine，comparedwith42%forgeneraljobs，saysBurningGlass.Hybridjobsaremostlynotbeginnerroles，sotheymainlygotoworkerswithyearsofexperienceand，mostimportantly，moretrainingafterleavingcollege.Thatmeansworkers，bossesandeducatorswillhavetothinkabouthowtobetterpreparepeoplefortheseroles.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是复合型职业，并提到未来找工作需要拥有多种技能。1．WhydidBurningGlassresearchintojobadvertisements?A．Tounderstandthegrowthofbest-paidworkers.B．Tocompareworkers’experiencewithnewabilities.C．Tofindoutcompanies’requirementsaboutskills.D．Totellthepossiblechangesinfuturejobmarket.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itstudiedmillionsofjobpostingstobetterunderstandtheskillscompaniesrequire.”可知，该公司研究招聘广告是为了了解企业对技能的要求。故选C。2．Whichofthefollowingjobscanbehybrid?A．Dataengineer.B．Machineoperator.C．Marketingmanager.D．Medicalconsultant.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段中“Forexample，thesehybridjobsmightrequirepeoplewithskillsindatascienceandadvertising，orengineeringandsales.”可知，数据工程师的工作涉及数据和工程两方面技能，是复合型的。故选A。3．Howmuchisatraditionalmarketingmanagerpossiblypaideveryyear?A．$180,000. B．$71,000.C．$41,000. D．$10,000.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Forexample，amarketingmanagermasteringadatabaseprogramgetspaid41%morethanatraditionalone，withanaverageyearlysalaryof$100,000.”可知，传统营销经理的年薪可能是10000÷(1＋41%)≈71000美元。故选B。4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．FutureJobsRequiring“Hybrid”SkillsB．HowtoGetTrainedforJobsC．TipsonFindingFastest-growingJobsD．TheJobswithHighestPay答案A解析标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第三段内容可知，文章主要介绍了未来的工作需要多种技能，A项概括主旨，适合作为标题。故选A。BHaveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace，likebehindacouchoracupboard?Wouldn’titbenicetojustbeabletosqueezeinandout?Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality.InastudypublishedonJan25inthesciencejournalMatter，engineersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShavedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.AccordingtothewebsiteMashable，thescientistswereinspiredbyseacucumbers.Theyareabletochangethestiffness(僵硬度)oftheirbodyorreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium(镓)，asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃.Thescientiststhenusedchangesinthemagneticfieldtocontrolthemagneticparticlesinsidethegalliummaterialtoprovideheat.Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.AsthewebsiteTechXplorepointedout，othersimilarmaterialsrequireexternalheatsourcessuchasheatgunsandelectricalcurrentstoinduceachangeofstates;butnow，therobotscanuseaheatsourceinsideitselftochangestatesindependently.Duringtherobots’experimentaltrials，thescientistsconductedanumberoftests.Thesetestsincludedhavingtherobotsmeltintoliquidandre-formtoescapeaprison-likecage.Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.Therobotisalsoabletobuildandrepairhard-to-reachcircuits.Therobots’abilitytoswitchbetweenstatesofmatterallowsforanumberofpossibleusesandadvancementsindifferentfields，suchasthebiomedicalandcircuitassembly(组装)industries.Still，inthewordsofseniorauthorCarmelMajidiatCarnegieMellonUniversity，fornowthesearealljust“proofsofconcept”whichshowtheabilitiesofthesenewkindsofrobots.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。5．Whycantherobotsswitchbetweensolidandliquid?A．Becausetheyconsistofauniquemetalandmagneticparticles.B．Becausetheycanreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.C．Becausetheyareabletochangethestiffnessoftheirbody.D．Becausetheyhaveexternalheatsourcesanytimeanywhere.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后三句可知，这种机器人能够在固态和液态之间变化是因为它们由独特的金属和磁性粒子组成，故选A。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“induce”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Witness. B．Remove.C．Cause. D．Accept.答案C解析词义猜测题。根据第三段末句“Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.”以及第四段画线词的上文“heatgunsandelectricalcurrents”(热风枪和电流)和下文“changeofstates”(物态变化)可知，上文“热风枪和电流”是导致下文“物态变化”发生的原因，可推理出画线词应为“引起；导致”含义，故选C。7．Whatwillbethefunctionoftherobot?A．Tohelpscientistsinspireseacucumbers.B．Toputacouchintoahard-to-reachspace.C．Togetridofforeignobjectsfromanorgan.D．Toassistpeopleinescapingaprison-likecage.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第四段的“Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.”可知，这种机器人在将来可能会具有的功能是清除器官中的异物，故选C。8．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Ahealthreport.B．Asciencefictionnovel.C．Achemistrytextbook.D．Ascientificmagazine.答案D解析文章出处题。根据第一段末句“Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality.”和第二段“InastudypublishedonJan25inthesciencejournalMatter，engineersfrom...havedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.”可知，这是一篇讲述最新科技发明的说明文，最有可能出现在科学杂志中，故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空DanMancinaisaprofessionalskateboarderknownforbeingvisuallyimpairedandsharingclipsofhisskatingonInstagram.Hehasalargefollowingoffans，all1toseehisskillfultricks.Andvideosofhimusinghiswalkingstickasheboardsinspirecuriosityand2fromfansaroundtheworld.TheMichigannativestartedskatingat7，andtookitmore3at13，developingaloveforthesportwhichhesayshelpshimexpresshimself.Araregeneticeyediseasebeganto4hisvisionat15，andafterayearandahalf，hecompletelylosthis5.Hestoppedskatingforacoupleofyears.Thiswasthe6pointofhislife.7lettinghisblindnessdominatewhathecouldorwoulddo，hegradually8todoingwhatheloved—spendingtimeoutdoors.Oneday，hewantedtoseeifhecouldstillskate，sohe9avideoofatrick，whicheventuallygot10onsocialmediaandreceivedgreatfeedback.Thatinspiredhimtotryabitmore，andslowlyhegotbackintoskateboarding.Inordertohelpmakeskateboardingmore11topeoplewithvisionimpairments，Danhasstartedafundraising12tobuildtheworld’sfirstadaptiveskatepark.Hehas13around$40,000forthepark.Hehopestobe14skateworkshopsforvisuallyimpairedkidsbynextspringorsummer.“I’mhonoredIcanbea(n)15forourcommunity.Neverletothersdefineyouandwhatyouarecapableof，”hesaid.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国密歇根州的一名失明滑板运动员正在挑战我们对视障人士的认知——他不仅在滑板运动上取得了成功，而且还在努力影响他人。1．A.eager B．nervousC．cautious D．hesitant答案A解析根据“Hehasalargefollowingoffans...”可知，粉丝都渴望看到他的绝技。故选A。2．A.gratitude B．admirationC．reflection D．approval答案B解析根据“Andvideosofhimusinghiswalkingstickasheboardsinspirecuriosity...”可知，丹·曼西纳在滑板上使用手杖的视频激发了粉丝的崇拜。故选B。3．A.exactly B．severelyC．honestly D．seriously答案D解析根据“TheMichigannativestartedskatingat7...”可知，丹·曼西纳13岁时更认真地对待滑板这项运动。故选D。4．A.earn B．checkC．affect D．promote答案C解析根据“Araregeneticeyedisease”可知，罕见的遗传性眼病开始影响丹·曼西纳的视力。故选C。5．A.fortune B．temperC．thought D．sight答案D解析根据“Araregeneticeyediseasebegantohisvisionat15...”和“lettinghisblindnessdominatewhathecouldorwoulddo”可知，罕见的遗传性眼病使得丹·曼西纳完全失明。故选D。6．A.lowest B．startingC．finishing D．highest答案A解析根据“Hestoppedskatingforacoupleofyears.”可知，他因失明不能从事滑板运动，所以这是他人生的最低谷。故选A。7．A.Otherthan B．ApartfromC．Ratherthan D．Regardlessof答案C解析根据“hegraduallytodoingwhatheloved—spendingtimeoutdoors”可知，丹·曼西纳开始从事户外活动，而不是让自己的失明主宰自己。故选C。8．A.objected B．returnedC．admitted D．contributed答案B解析根据“spendingtimeoutdoors”可知，丹·曼西纳逐渐回到自己喜欢的事情上。故选B。9．A.filmed B．developedC．watched D．replaced答案A解析根据“avideoofatrick”可知，丹·曼西纳拍了一段自己滑板时的视频。故选A。10．A.imitated B．changedC．shared D．involved答案C解析根据“soheavideoofatrick”可知，所拍的视频被分享到了社交媒体上。故选C。11．A.achievable B．affordableC．bearable D．accessible答案D解析根据“Danhasstartedafundraisingtobuildtheworld’sfirstadaptiveskatepark”可知，丹·曼西纳建立适应滑板公园是为了帮助有视力障碍的人更容易接触滑板。故选D。12．A.permission B．competitionC．assignment D．campaign答案D解析根据“Inordertohelpmakeskateboardingmoretopeoplewithvisionimpairments”可知，丹·曼西纳发起了一项筹款活动，目