高中英语北师大版必修二UNIT 4　培优提能限时练(一)

培优提能限时练(一)(限时：40分钟满分：50分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AImperial(皇家的)BricksImperialbricksweremadecompletelyforimperialbuildings，especiallypalaces，intheMingandQingDynasties.MainlymadeinSuzhou，thebricksweretransportedthroughtheGrandCanaltoBeijing.Theyhaveafinequality，andarestrongandhard.Theyhaveapureblue-greencolorlikeamirrorandproduceametalsoundwhenknocked.Giventheirhighcost，theyareproperlycalledthegoldenbricks.Thecraft(工艺品)hasbeenonthenational-levelintangibleculturalheritagelistsince2006.PekingDuckPekingduckhasbeenafamousdishfromBeijingsincetheimperialtimes，characterizedbyitsdeliciousskinandmeat.Thecookedduckiscutintopiecesandeatenwithgreenonion，cucumberandsweetbeansauce，oftenwithpancakerolledaroundfillings.Itwasselectedasanational-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2008.ShadowPlay(皮影)Shadowplayisanancientformofstorytellingthatusesflatcut-outfiguresorshadowplaybetweenasourceoflightandascreen.Varioussighteffectscanbeachievedbymovingboththedollsandthelightsource.ItispopularinmanyplacesalongtheGrandCanal，includingHebeiandZhejiang.In2011，ChineseshadowplaywaslistedontheUNESCORepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.KunquOperaKunquopera，oneoftheoldestexistingformsofChineseopera，camefromKunshanofwhatisnowSuzhouCityinJiangsuProvince.Usingemotionallinesfrompoetryclassicsandthroughsweetandbeautifulsinging，itmadeprogressinthelowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver，andnaturallyreachedotherpartsofthecountryviatheGrandCanal.eq\x(语篇解读这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四项中国的非物质文化遗产。)1．Whichmakesimperialbricksgetthenameofgoldenbricks?A．Theircolor. B．Theirvalue.C．Theirshape. D．Theirhistory答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，帝王砖(御砖)得到金砖之名是因为它的成本和价值高。故选B。2．WheredidthelinesofKunquoperacomefrom?A．Theaterwriters. B．Ancientstories.C．Classicpoems. D．Famousmagazines.答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Usingemotionallinesfrompoetryclassics”可知，昆曲的台词来自经典诗词。故选C。3．Whatisaculturalheritageoftheworld’slevelaccordingtothetext?A．Shadowplay. B．Pekingduck.C．Kunquopera. D．Imperialbricks.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，2011年，中国皮影戏被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，故皮影戏是世界水平的文化遗产。故选A。BIhadheardaboutVR(虚拟现实)beingusedintheclassroombutdidn’tthinkI’devertryit.IactuallygotaVRheadset(耳机)asaNewYearpresentfrommyfriendandstartedsearchingforappsonlinetoseewhetheritcouldbeusefulinmyclassroom.IsoonfoundafreeappthroughGoogleCardboardandknewIhadalesson!TouseVRintheclassroom，youneedtwothings:asmartphonethatcandownloadtheapporvideo，andaheadset.Tofindtheactualvideoswe’dbewatching，IsearchedthroughfreeVRappslikeOrbulus，TrenchExperienceVRandCardboard.IalsofoundhundredsofvideosonYouTube.Thekeyistofindvideosmadewiththe360cameras.Whiletheydon’tgivethekidsa3-Dexperienceliketheapps，theyarestillamazinglyimmersive(沉浸式虚拟现实的)whenviewedthroughtheheadsets.Sofarwe’vehadthreelessons.IfirstusedtheheadsetswithmyseventhgradeU．S.Historyclass.TheTrenchappallowsstudentsto“walk”throughatrench(战壕)duringWorldWarⅠandlearnaboutmanyofthetoolsusedduringthattime.MysecondactivitywasworkingwiththesixthgradeGeographyclass.Theyusedtheheadsetsstrictlyasviewerstowatcha360videotakingthemthrougharockylandscape.Myfinalactivitywasthemostinterestingone，accordingtothereactions(反应)ofmyeighthgradeCivicsstudents.IwasabletofindaWhiteHouse360tourthatwasmadeafewyearsago.Fortherestofthisyear，Iplantocontinueusingappsand360videosinmyclasses.NextyearI’mgoingtowritetomybossaskingfora360videocamerasothatIcanbegintocreatemyownVRfieldtripsforthestudents.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者用VR为学生提供沉浸式课堂并受到学生们的欢迎的故事。4．WhendidtheauthorgettheideaoftryingVRinherclassroom?A．Whenshewassearchingforappsonline.B．AftershereceivedaVRheadsetasagift.C．Whenshewashavingaconversationwithherfriend.D．AftersheheardaboutVRbeingusedintheclassroom.答案B解析细节理解题。根据首段第二句可知，作者收到一个VR耳机作为礼物后想到了在课堂上尝试进行运用。故选B。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A．Thekids. B．Theapps.C．Thevideos. D．Theheadsets.答案C解析代词指代题。根据画线词上文“Thekeyistofindvideosmadewiththe360cameras.”以及下文“theyarestill...whenviewedthroughtheheadsets”可推知，指示代词they指的是前文中360度摄像头拍摄的“videos”。故选C。6．WhichstatementofthethreeVRlessonsistrue?A．ReactionsofstudentsintheCivicslessonarebest.B．WalkingthroughatrenchduringWorldWarⅠscaredthestudents.C．StudentsexperiencedarockylandscapeintheU．S.Historyclass.D．AWhiteHouse360tourmadeafewyearsagowasnotsuitableforwatch.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，根据八年级公民学课的学生反应，这节课是最有趣的。也就是说，三节课中，公民学课堂上学生反应最好。故选A。7．Whatwilltheauthordonextyear?A．Buya360videocamera.B．Create360videosbyherself.C．Takeherstudentsonmorefieldtrips.D．Trynewteachingmethodsinherclasses.答案B解析细节理解题。根据末段末句可知，作者明年要自己制作360度视频。故选B。CImaginebeingabletoseeperfectlyinthedark.Thisdreamhasbecomearealitythankstoanewlydevelopedtechnology.Thistechnologyconsistsofathinfilmthatwillbeplacedonthelenses(镜片)ofcommonglasses.Thefilmischeaptomake，easytoproduce，andislightweight.Itisactually100timesthinnerthanahair.Yet，despiteitstinysize，itsperformanceisimpressive；thisspecialfilmallowsyoutoseeinthedark.Thistechnologyisabletotransforminfraredlight(红外光)，normallyinvisibletothehumaneye，andturnthisintoimagespeoplecansee.Comparedtoanimals，humanshaveveryimpoverishednightvision.Overtheyears，nightvisiondevices(设备)havebeendevelopedtohelpthemedical，industrial，andscientificworlds.Scientistsareabletostudynight-timeanimalsbyusinginfraredcameras，whilecompaniesuseinfraredimagingforfoodqualitycontrol.Traditionalinfrareddevicesworkbydiscoveringtheheatofanobject.Theyuseacoolerinlowtemperatureandcanbeeasilyinfluencedbytheheatnoise.Suchshortcomingledtheteamintoexploringanimproveddevice.Theirnewdeviceisabletofunctionatroomtemperature.Thenewtechnologyisunlikethetraditionaldevices.Oncethisnewnightvisionisusedtoall，itcouldsavelives.Driverswillbeabletoseebetteratnight，especiallywhendrivingonunlightedroads.Policecanusethemwhensearchingatnight，andhikerswholosetheirwaycanfeelmoreconfidentwalkinginthedark.Theinventorsareexcitedtomakethepracticaluses.“Whilethisisthefirstexperiment，weareactivelyworkingtofurtheradvancethetechnology.Ofcourse，themanyusesareexcitingandseeinginthedarkopensupanewworldforall，”saidMohsenRahmani，leaddeveloperofthetechnology.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新科技，能够将通常情况下人们所看不到的红外光转化为人们能看到的物象。8．Whatdoweknowaboutthefilmaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Itcostsalottomake.B．Itisdifficulttoproduce.C．Itlookslikeregularglasses.D．Ithelpsusseeinthedark.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Yet，despiteitstinysize，itsperformanceisimpressive；thisspecialfilmallowsyoutoseeinthedark.”可知，这种薄膜能够帮助人们在黑暗中看到东西。故选D项。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impoverished”inparagraph2mean?A．Clear. B．Poor.C．Amazing. D．Effective.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Thistechnologyisabletotransform...andturnthisintoimagespeoplecansee.”可知，通常情况下，人们看不到红外光。根据第二段最后一句中“studynight-timeanimalsbyusinginfraredcameras”可知，人们需要红外摄像机来帮助研究夜间活动的动物，说明人们很难用肉眼直接研究夜间的动物，表明人在黑暗中视物能力弱。故选B项。10．Whatdoesparagraph4focusonaboutthenewtechnology?A．Itslikelybuyers.B．Itsfutureimprovements.C．Itspracticalapplications.D．Itsworkingconditions.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Driverswillbeabletoseebetteratnight...Policecanusethemwhensearchingatnight，andhikerswholosetheirwaycanfeelmoreconfidentwalkinginthedark.”可知，本段主要讲了新技术的一些实际应用。故选C项。11．WhatcanbeinferredaboutthetechnologyinMohsen’swords?A．Itneedstobefurtherdeveloped.B．Itisnotexcitingenoughtoscientists.C．Ithasbecomeahitintheexperiment.D．Ithasbeenavailabletocommonpeople.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Whilethisisthefirstexperiment，weareactivelyworkingtofurtheradvancethetechnology.”可知，研究者正在积极努力改善这一技术，说明这一技术还不完善，需要进一步研发和改善。故选A项。DYouwanttolosesomeweightbyexercisingandeatinghealthily，onlytofindwhenyousteponthescale(秤)itsaysyou’vegainedafewpounds.“That’snormal，anditdoesn’tmeanthatyourworkoutsarenoteffective，”saysJeffreyA．Dolgan，anexercisephysiologistinMiamiBeach，Florida.airthatwecarryinourlungs，”hesays.“Immediatelyafteraworkoutroutine(惯例)，thepercentageofmassineachbodypartcanshiftasmuchas15percent.Soifyou’regainingweightwhileworkingoutandeatinghealthily，it’sprobablynotthetypeofweightgainthatyouthinkitis.”Thescalecan’ttellyouhowmuchofyourbodyweightismuscleorfat，whichmeansifyourgoalistoimproveyourfitnesslevel，thescaleisnotthebesttoolformeasuringimprovements.Whenyoustarttochangeyourbodycompositionwithyourworkouts—bybuildingmoremusclemassanddecreasingyourbodyfat—yourscaleweightmayincrease，whileyourbodyfatpercentagemaydecrease.Thesechangeshappenoverweeksandmonths(nothoursordays)sothescaleisuselesswhentrackingthem.Youmayarguethatyouweighafewpoundslessafterahighintensity(强度)trainingclass.Don’tgettooexcited—it’sjustwaterlossduetosweat.Watermakesupabout65to90percentofaperson’sweight，andchangeinwatercontentofthehumanbodycanmovethescalebytenpoundsormorefromdaytoday.Soignorethescaleandpaymoreattentiontoobjectivemeasurementtoolslikebodycomposition.Keepinmindthatifyou’reexercisingbutgainingweight，youmayactuallylookslimmer.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么锻炼会导致体重增加。12．WhatcanweknowfromDolgan’swordsfromparagraph2?A．Yourscalemassisaffectedbymanyfactors.B．Yourweightchangesverylittleduringaday.C．Yourworkoutisnoteffectiveifyougainweight.D．Yourweightisdeterminedonlybymuscleandfat.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，一个人的体重是肌肉、脂肪、骨骼、血液，甚至是肺部携带的空气的组合，在锻炼后，每个部分的质量百分比会发生变化，故可推知，你的体重受许多因素影响。故选A。13．Whatwillmostprobablyhappenafteryouexerciseandeathealthilyfor3months?A．Youwillweighmore.B．Yourmusclemasswilldecrease.C．Yourbodyfatwillincrease.D．Yourbodycompositionwillchange.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知，在你锻炼和健康饮食3个月后，你的体重可能会增加，但你的体脂百分比可能会下降，即最有可能的是你的身体组成会发生变化。故选D。14．Whydopeoplelosesomeweightafterahighintensitytrainingclass?A．Becausetheirfatreduces.B．Becausetheirmusclereduces.C．Becausetheysweatalot.D．Becausetheirbonesbecomelighter.答案C解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，人们在参加高强度的训练班后会减轻体重是因为他们出汗很多，体内水分流失。故选C。15．Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhyDoWeGainWeight?B．HowDoWeWorkOutEffectively?C．WhatIstheCompositionofOurBody?D．WhyDoesMyWorkoutCauseWeightGain?答案D解析标题归纳题。第一段提到一个现象：你想通过锻炼和健康饮食来减肥，却发现秤上显示你又长了几磅，下文对此进行了分析，所以D项“为什么我的锻炼会导致体重增加？”能够概括文章主旨，适合作本文标题。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelisanimportantpartofyourlife，anditwillmakeacomebacksoon.Herearethemostpowerfulbenefitsoftraveling，includinghealth，happiness，andmore!1FromrunningtogettoairportsandtrainstationstohikingalongthebeachtogetsomevitaminD，therearesomereasonswhytravelisbeneficialtoyourhealth.Accordingtoastudy，traveldecreasestherisksofheartattacksandmakesyourbrainhealthy.Travelcancontributetoyourhappiness.2Ifyoucangooutandescapefromyourwork，lessonsoranyotherthingspossiblyweighingyoudown，youwillsurelyhaveasmileonyourface.Travelwillalsoleaveyouwithalonger-lastingsenseofhappiness.Travelrelievesstressandanxiety.AccordingtoatrialconductedbyAustrianresearchersandpublishedintheInternationalJournalofEnvironmentalResearchandPublicHealth，oneofthegreattravelbenefitsisthatitcanreducestresslevelandanxiety.Evenjustoneshortvacationhaspositiveeffectsonyouremotions.3Travelenablesyoutoexperiencenewthings.Whenyoutravel，youaresteppingoutsideyourcomfortzone，foro