2024秋高中英语Unit5ThepowerofnatureSection2训练与检测含解析新人教版选修6

PAGEPAGE1Unit5SectionⅡⅠ.阅读理解AInthesecondhalfofeachyear,manypowerfulstormsareborninthetropicalAtlanticandCaribbeanseas.Ofthese,onlyabouthalfadozengeneratethestrong,circlingwindsof75milesperhourormorethatgivethemhurricanestatus,andseveralusuallymaketheirwaytothecoast.Theretheycausemillionsofdollarsofdamage,andbringdeathtolargenumbersofpeople.Thegreatstormsthathitthecoaststartasinnocentcirclingdisturbances(气旋)hundreds—eventhousands—ofmilesouttosea.Astheytravelaimlesslyoverwaterwarmedbythesummersun,theyarecarriedwestwardbythetradewinds.Whenconditionsarejustright,warm,moist(潮湿的)airflowsinatthebottomofsuchadisturbance,movesupwardthroughitandcomesoutatthetop.Intheprocess,themoistureinthiswarmairproducesrain，andwithittheheatisswitchedtoenergyintheformofstrongwinds.Astheheatincreases,theyounghurricanebeginstoturnaroundinacounter­clockwisemotion(逆时针方向)．Theaveragelifeofahurricaneisonlyaboutninedays,butitcontainsalmostmorepowerthanwecanimagine.Theenergyintheheatreleased(释放)byahurricane'srainfallinasingledaywouldsatisfytheentireelectricalneedsoftheUnitedStatesformorethansixmonths.Water,ratherthanwind,isthemainsourceofdeathanddestroyinginahurricane.Atypicalhurricanebrings6­to­12­inchdownpoursresultinginsuddenfloods.Worstofallisthepowerfulmovementofthesea—themountainsofwatermovingtowardsthelow­pressurehurricanecenter.Thewaterlevelrisesasmuchas15feetabovenormalasitmovestowardsshore.文章大意：文章讲解并描述了飓风的形成过程——是达到每小时75英里以上的热带风暴形成的，和飓风给大自然和人类带来的巨大危害。1．Anordinarytropicalstormiscalledahurricanewhen__B__.A．itoccursintheCaribbeanseasB．itswindsreach75milesperhourC．itmakesitswaytothecoastlineD．itswindsbegintocircleonthesea解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句可知其中只有约一半会形成至少每小时75英里的强热带气旋，这样就会形成飓风，有些还会登陆海岸。2．Thecounter­clockwisemovementofthehurricaneiscausedby__C__.A．thelow­pressureareainthecenterofthestormB．theforceofwavesofwaterC．theincreasingheatD．thetradewinds解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Astheheatincreases，theyounghurricanebeginstoturnaroundinacounter­clockwisemotion(逆时针方向)．”可知，当热度上升，刚产生的飓风就起先以逆时针方向回旋。3．Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytalkabout？__A__A．Thehurricaneisextraordinarilypowerful.B．Thehurricaneisusedtogenerateelectricity.C．Thehurricanecanotherwiseofferanunusualsight.D．Thehurricanecangivepeopleanunforgettableexperience.解析：段落大意题。第三段内容：一般一场飓风的持续时间大约是9天，但是它所携带的能量是我们无法想象的。飓风的降雨所释放的能量在一天里就可以满意整个美国6个多月的电力须要。4．Whatistheworstthingaboutahurricane？__A__A．Theroughwater. B．Theviolentwinds.C．Theheatitgivesout. D．Thelengthofitslife.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Water，ratherthanwind，isthemainsourceofdeathanddestroyinginahurricane.”可知，水是飓风造成死亡和破坏的主要因素，而不是风。BTimeflies,butthetracksoftimeremaininbooksandmuseums.ThisiswhatmadearecenttragedyinBrazilevenmoreterrible.OnSept2,abigfirebrokeoutintheNationalMuseumofBrazil,theoldestscientificinstitutioninthecountry,inRiodeJaneiro.Twohundredyearsofwork,researchandknowledgewerelost,BrazilianPresidentMichelTemerwroteonTwitterafterthefire.It'sasaddayforallBrazilians.Mostofthe20millionpiecesofhistoryarebelievedtohavebeendestroyed.Onlyaslittleas10percentofthecollectionmayhavesurvived,Timereported.Amongalltheitems,therewereEgyptianmummies,thebonesofuniquelyBraziliancreaturessuchasthelong—neckeddinosaurMaxakalisaurus,andan11,500­year­oldskullcalledLuzia,whichwasconsideredoneofSouthAmerica'soldesthumanfossils.Besidesthese,Brazil'slocalknowledgealsosuffered.Themuseumhousedworldfamouscollectionsoflocalobjects,aswellasmanyaudiorecordingsoflocallanguagesfromalloverBrazil.Someoftheserecordings,nowlost,wereoflanguagesthatarenolongerspoken.“ThetragedythisSundayisasortofnationalsuicide(自杀),acrimeagainstourpastandfuturegenerations.”BernardMelloFranco,oneofBrazil'sbest­knownreporterswroteonthenewspapersite.Thecauseofthefireisstillunknown,asBBCNewsreportedonSept3.Afterthefireburnedout,crowdsprotested(抗议)outsidethemuseumtoshowtheirangeratthelossoftheirreplaceableitemsofhistoricalvalue.AccordingtoEmilioBruna,anecologistattheUniversityofFlorida,museumsareliving,breathingplacesofwhoweareandwherewe'vecomefrom,andtheworldaroundus.Thoseinsectspinnedinadrawer,orthosefishinajar,orafeatheredcape(斗篷)youmightseeinadisplaycase——thatrepresentsalittlepieceofwhoweareasapeople,ashumans,aspartofagreaterworld,hetoldNationalGeographic.Justasunderwatergrassfloatsonthesurfaceifitlosesitsroots,anationislostwithoutitsmemories.文章大意：巴西博物馆在一场大火中几乎化为灰烬，很多历史文物都被烧毁了，包括一些巴西本土的文物，相关的历史学问也就此失去。很多人对此表示了惋惜之情。5．WhatdoweknowfromBrazilianPresident'swordsonTwitter？__D__A．HefeltresponsibleforthefireofNationalMuseum.B．Themuseumistheoldestnationalscientificinstitution.C．AllBraziliansfeltsorryforthefirethatday.D．ThefirecausedserioushistoricallosstoBrazil.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Twohundredyearsofwork,researchandknowledgewerelost,BrazilianPresidentMichelTemerwroteonTwitterafterthefire.It'sasaddayforallBrazilians.”以及第三段中的“Mostofthe20millionpiecesofhistoryarebelievedtohavebeendestroyed.”可知，对全部巴西人来说，这是一个可悲的日子，承载着2000万年历史的文物大部分都被烧毁，只剩下10%的藏品幸免于难。火灾给巴西造成了严峻的历史损失。故选D。6．Whichofthefollowingmighthavesurvivedinthebigfire？__C__A．Egyptianmummies.B．Thelong—neckeddinosaurMaxakalisaurus.C．Someaudiorecordingsoflocallanguages.D．An11,500­year­oldskullcalledLuzia.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段可知，承载着2000万年历史的文物大部分都被烧毁，只剩下10%的藏品幸免于难。在烧毁的这些藏品中，有埃及木乃伊、巴西特有的长颈恐龙马萨卡利神龙的骸骨以及11.5万年前的人类头骨化石“露西亚”。但没有说哪种藏品幸免于难。依据第四段内容可知，博物馆中藏有著名全球的巴西当地文物以及巴西各地语言的大量音频档案。如今被烧毁的一些音频中还录有已经失传的语言。由此可推断，虽然来自巴西各地的很多当地语言录音中的一些已经丢失一部分，但照旧有一些本地语言的录音幸存下来。故选C。7．Afterthefire，__D__.A．alltherecordsoflocalknowledgeweredestroyedB．therateofsuicideandcrimewasrisingsharplyC．peopleprotestedagainsttheabuseofpowerofthegovernmentD．peopleofdifferentwalksoflifeshowedtheirpityforthefire解析：推理推断题。依据第六段中的“Afterthefireburnedout,crowdsprotestedoutsidethemuseumtoshowtheirangeratthelossoftheirreplaceableitemsofhistoricalvalue.”可知，火灾过后，人群聚集在博物馆外抗议，表达他们对于失去这些无可替代的宝贵历史文物的生气。由此可推断出，各行各业的人们对火灾的惋惜。故选D。8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwereadthisarticle？__B__A．Advertisement. B．Newsreport.C．Campuslife. D．Geography.解析：文章出处题。本文是关于巴西博物馆发生大火的一篇新闻报道，因此应当出现在新闻报道部分。故选B。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Playingbadminton(羽毛球)canbeafantasticweightlossexercise.__1.C__What'smore,playingbadmintonhasotherhealthbenefitsforyourentirebody.Whenplayingbadminton,yougettorunupanddownthecourt.Youjumpuphighandbenddownlowwhenplaying.Yourmovementhastobeflexible,withgoodhand­eyecoordination(协调)．Themovementsgiveyourlegsgoodexercise.Atthesametime,swingingtheracketexercisesyourarms,shoulders,stomachandback.Beforeyouknowit,yourentirebodyhasbenefitedfrombettercoordination.__2.A__Playingbadmintoncanactuallyloweryourbloodpressure,andreduceyourchancesofheartdisease.__3.B__Yourbodywillbebetterdefendedagainstthedeadlyheartattacks.Whetheryouaresufferingfromhighbloodpressureorsimplytryingtopreventit,badmintonisagreatsport.Somepeopleenjoythesociallifethesportcanbring.Gymsoftenhostleagues,tournaments,andparties.__4.F__Sodon'tjustwatchatelevisionprogramaboutlosingfat.Getoutthereandsocializeinanorganizedbadmintonleague.__5.G__Hundredsofunwantedfatcanbeburnedoffwithallofthephysicalmovementsinvolvedwiththesport.Whetheryouareonthesandatthelocalbeach,orinsideagym,playingbadmintoncanbeanenjoyableweightlossexercise.A．Youcanevengrowstrongerandmoreattractive.B．Playingthegame,youcanmakeyourheartstronger.C．Topeopleofdifferentages,itisalsoaneasy,lightexercise.D．Itisimportanttodrinkplentyofwaterwhenplayingthesport.E．Youcanfindabadmintoncourtinpublicparksorsomegyms.F．Theyprovidechancesforyoutomeetfriends,orotherpeoplewithsimilarinterests.G．Ofcourse,oneofthemostwelcomebenefitsofplayingbadmintonisalwaysquickweightloss.文章大意：打羽毛球是一项绝佳的运动，除了减肥之外，它还可以帮你塑造身材、提高心脏的健康水平，并且在打球的过程中你还能拓展自己的社交圈。解析：1．空格前后两句讲的是打羽毛球的好处，并且主语都为playingbadminton，故C项符合语境。C项中的it指代playingbadminton，语意为：对不同年龄的人来说，它也是一项简洁、轻松的运动。2．该段讲的是打羽毛球给四肢和身体协调带来的好处，故A项符合语境，讲的也是打羽毛球给身体带来的好处：你甚至会变得更强壮、更具吸引力。3．上句提到打羽毛球可以降低血压、削减得心脏病的几率，下句说你的身体能够更好地抵挡致命的心脏病的发作，故B项符合语境：打羽毛球可以让你的心脏更强健。4．上句说体育馆常常举办联赛、锦标赛和聚会，故F项紧承上文，说明白这些联赛、锦标赛和聚会的作用：它们能为你与志趣相投的挚友和其他人供应见面的机会。5．由下句可知，大量的多余脂肪都可以通过打羽毛球时所做的肢体运动被燃烧掉，故此处讲的应当是打羽毛球可以帮助人们减肥这一好处，因此G项符合文意：当然，打羽毛球最受欢迎的好处之一是它可以帮人们快速减肥。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheweddingtookplaceinaBirminghamhotel.ThebrideandherfatherarrivedinanewblackAmericansportcar.Herfatherlookednervousand__1.uncomfortable__(comfortable)infrontofthecameras.Thebride__2.wore__(wear)asilkweddingdress.Shesmilednervouslyatthe__3.waiting__(wait)photographersandwenttoaroomonthefirstfloor__4.where__shemetherfuturehusbandfortheveryfirsttime.CarlaGermaineandGregCordellwerethewinnersofaradiostation's__5petition__(compete)．Itsaimwastofindtwostrangersprepared__6.tomarry__(marry)withouthavingmeteachother.MissGermaine,23,is__7.a__model.MrCordell,27,isaTVsalesman.Theywereamongthetwohundredpeoplewhoenteredaspecial“experiment”__8.organized