中考英语重点句式讲练

目录英文句式 2要点1简单句 21.简单句的结构形式 22.简单句的句子成分 23.五大基本句型 3要点2并列句 41.并列句类型 42.并列句练习 4要点3复合句 61.复合句类型 62.复合句练习 7要点4特殊句式 10特殊句式练习 10

英文句式要点1简单句简单句是只有一个主语（或者是并列主语）和一个谓语（或者是并列谓语）的句子如1.简单句的结构形式一个主语+一个谓语：thenovelcoronaviruspneumoniaspreadfastinChina(两个并列主语，一个独立谓语)ChinaandSerbiaarefightingagainstthenovelcoronaviruspneumoniatogether.(两个并列主语，一个独立谓语)DonaldTrumpisarrogantandalwaysmakesremarksonchina’saffairs这个可以从近五年的南京中考任务型首字母两类阅读中找相应的语句，让同学们分析句子成分。2.简单句的句子成分1.主语(Subject)：一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。Romewasnotbuiltinaday.名词做主语IlovespeakingEnglish.代词做主语Swimmingismyhobby.动名词做主语2.谓语(Verb)：说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语要用动词。Weflykites及物动词Autumnarrives不及物动词3.宾语(Object)：是指一个动作（动词）的接受者。宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语两大类，其中直接宾语(DirectObject)指动作的直接对象，间接宾语(IndirectObject)说明动作的非直接，但受动作影响的对象。Ilovethecutedog.Hegavemeanecklace.4.表语(Predicative)：表语是说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或从句，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词）之后。Shewasadentist.Ithinkthemostimportantwayistosellflowersintheevening.5.宾语补足语(ObjectComplement)：某些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。能够充当宾补的大致还有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。IfindlearningEnglishdifficult.Isawthekiteupanddown.3.五大基本句型气温下降。（P85）Thetemperaturedrops.农民收割庄稼。（P85）Famersharvestcrops.秋叶变成褐色。（P85）Autumnleavesturnbrown.霍波带给艾迪衣服。（P86）HobobroughtEddiehisclothes.艾迪正在看霍波工作。（P86）EddieiswatchingHobowork.1.主+谓（S+V）该句型中动词为不及物动词（vi./intransitiveverb），后面不加宾语。2.主+谓+宾（S+V+O）该句型中动词为及物动词（vt./transitiveverb），后面必须加宾语。3.主+系（动词）+表（S+V+P）该句型中动词为连系动词（linkingv.），说明主语状况，性质，特征等情况。系动词分类：状态类be动词持续类keep,stay,remain变化类become,get,turn,grow,go感官类feel,look,smell,sound,taste表象系动词seem,appear4.主+谓+间宾+直宾（S+V+IO+DO）1)该句型中动词为双宾语动词，即后接两个宾语。一般来说，指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。（人间物直）2)通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时间接宾语后，直接宾语在前，间接宾语前需加介词for或to.HobogaveEddiesomeice-cream=Hobogavesomeice-creamtoEddie.※补充：常见跟双宾语的动词：加to类：bring,give,lend,offer,pass,read,sell,take,tell,write加for类：build,buy,cook,find,get,make,order,pick,save5.主+谓+直宾+宾补（S+V+DO+OC）该句型中动词虽然跟一个宾语，但还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语的作用是补充说明宾语的动作或状态。※常见可以接宾补的动词：let/have/makesb.dosth.helpsb.(to)dosth.ask/want/tell…sb.todosth.see/hear/find…sb.do/doingsth.要点2并列句1.并列句类型并列句是由并列连词连接，被连接的两个或多个句子都是对等并列的关系（被连接的两个句子都可以独立成句）Kobedied,buthisspiritwillliveforever（转折关系）Mymotherlovesdogs,fortheyarelovely（因果关系）Myfatherisateacherandmymotherisanurse（并列关系）Nowyoucanhavearestoryoucangotocinema（选择关系）常见的并列连词并列关系and,both…and…,both…and…,neither…nor…,选择关系or…,either…or…,转折关系but,yet,while因果关系So,for2.并列句练习练习一1.MexicanandTex-MexfoodswerepopularintheUSA,______nowChinesefoodhasmorefans. A.because B.but C.so D.unless2.Howwasthefoodinthetown?Tasty,______weevenwatchedafreeplayintherestaurant.A.or B.so C.and D.but3.Hello,Joyce,youarebusy.CanIgiveyouahand?Thanksverymuch,______Icanmanage.A.and B.or C.so D.but4.Givemeanotherchance,______I’llgiveyouallawonderfulsurprise.A.and B.or C.so D.but5.“Right”and“write”soundthesame,______theydonotmeanthesamething.A.but B.if C.so D.or6.Victoria,hurryup!______wecan’tarrivethereontime.A.Or B.So C.But D.And7.Rulesarehelpfultous,______wehavetofollowthem.A.so B.but C.or D.because8.Smileattheworld,______theworldwillsmilebacktoyou.A.but B.and C.or D.though9.Helpotherswheneveryoucan______you’llmaketheworldaniceplacetolivein.A.or B.and C.but D.so10.Hurryup,______you’llbelatefortheconcert.A.or B.so C.but D.and11.IalwaysenjoyvisitingLondon,______Iwouldn’tliketolivethere.A.because B.so C.but D.and12.Howwasthefoodinthetown?Terrible,______westillhadagoodtimethere.A.or B.so C.but D.because13.Thewaterhereispolluted______eventheanimalscan’tdrinkit.A.so B.because C.though D.but14.Mikewasillyesterday,______hedidn’tgotoschool.A.if B.but C.so D.or练习二1.AlthoughMessiis______tall______powerful,hescoredfivegoalsintheUEFAChampionsLeaguematch.A.neither;nor B.notonly;butalso C.both;and D.either;or2.NotonlyJackbutalsoI______interestedinreadingfashionmagazines.A.am B.is C.are D.be3.Myparentswantmetogetfurtherstudytobe______anengineer______ascientist,______Iwouldliketobeafamoussurgeondoctor.A.neither;nor;and B.either;or;but C.notonly;butalso D.both;and;or4.Notonlytheparentsbutalsotheirdaughter______abroadtwice.A.havegone B.havebeen C.hasgone D.hasbeen5.Doesyoursisterlikethedresses?Yes,shedoes.______thisdress______thatonesuither.A.Either;or B.Both;and C.Neither;nor D.Notonly;butalso6.Whichdoyouthinkisbetter,iPhone8oriPhoneX?______isOK,butIpreferHUAWEI.A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.All7.Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?______,thanks.I’dlikesomewater.A.Both B.Neither C.All D.Either8.______Mike______hisbrotherhasenoughcouragetotelltheirmumthebadnews.Theythinkshewillbeverysadatit.A.Either,or B.Neither,nor C.Notonly,butalso D.Both,and9.Please______comein______goout.Don’tstandthereatthegate.A.both;and B.notonly;butalso C.either;or D.neither;nor10.HaveyouwatchedthelatestTVprogramRunningman?Ofcourse!It’spopularwith______theyoung______theold.A.either;or B.neither;nor C.both;and D.not;but11.MyparentsarecrazyaboutRunningman.Howaboutyourparents?______mydad______mymomlikesit.ButtheypreferOdetoJoy.A.Notonly;butalso B.Both;and C.Either;or D.Neither;nor12.Whatfilmdoyoulikebest?TheMartian.It______showsalotofimagination,______hasasenseofhumor.A.too;to B.neither;nor C.either;or D.notonly;butalso13.TellussomethingaboutCanada,OK? I’msorry.______Jack______Ihaveeverbeenthere.A.Either;or B.Notonly;butalso C.Both;and D.Neither;nor要点3复合句1.复合句类型复合句是由“从属连词”或“关系词”连接的句子。注意一定是只有一个句子可以单独成句，另外一个处于从属地位。根据从句在主句中所作成分的不同，常常把复合句划分为，状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句；而名词性从句也可以分为宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、补语从句，同位语从句等。Itisreportedthatchinahasmadegreatachievementsinfightingagainstthenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.（实质上是主语从句，that引导的从句为真正的主语）Thenovelcoronalviruswhichhascausedhugetroublearoundtheworldisadeadlyvirus.（定语从句）Iamwonderingifyoucanhelpmewithmyhomework.(宾语从句)Althoughheworkedhard,heachievednothing.（状语从句）宾语从句That,if/whether,特殊疑问词定语从句That,which,who,whom,whose状语从句时间状语从句when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,notuntil,whenever条件状语从句if,unless,aslongas原因状语从句Because,since,as结果状语从句So/suchthat目的状语从句Sothatinorderthat让步状语从句Although.though,eventhough2.复合句练习时间状语从句：1.Whatdoyouwanttobewhenyougrowup?Iwanttobe_________socialworker.Manypeopleareingreatneedofourhelp.（A.a B.an C.the D.不填2.Lisawasstillveryweakwhenshelefthospital．Butafteraweek’srest,shefeltmuch______andwentbacktoschool

A.good B.better C.bad D.worse3.Thechildrenall（跳）withjoywhentheyheardthegoodnews.4.Madeefeltproudwhenshe(升起)thenationalflagintheplaygroundthisMonday.5.Thechildrenall（跳）withjoywhentheyheardthegoodnews.6.Madeefeltproudwhenshe(升起)thenationalflagintheplaygroundthisMonday.让步状语从句：1.______LinFenghastoworklate,shealwayswearsasmileonherface.A.Because B.If C.Until D.Though原因状语从句：1.Thiskindofplantis______seeninourcitybecauseitlives4500mabovesealevelandishardtofind.

A.commonly B.always C.seldom D.easily条件状语从句：1.You’dbettertravelaroundNanjingwithalocaltourguide______youwanttoknowmoreaboutitsculture．

A.unless B.until C.although D.if2.Ifyoudon’ttellmewhattheproblemis,Ican’t(help)you.3.Dadalwaystellsmenottostudyonlyfortests．Ifthat’sallI’mdoing,hesays,Iwillsoon____(失去)interestinlearning．定语从句：1.Lookatthetextinthenotice.Whatdoesitsay?ThestudentswhodonotsignupbeforeFridaylunchtime______. A.willhavetoworkatlunchtimenextFridayB.won’tbeabletodoafternoonnextweekC.won’tbeabletodoafternoonactivitiesnextFridayD.won’tbeabletochoosetheirafternoonactivitiesnextweek2.It’sreportedthatJiangsuGrandTheatreinSeptemberthisyear.A.completes B.iscompleted C.willcomplete Dwillbecompleted.3.Itisreportedthatthousandsofrunningfriendsfrom25__________(country)tookpartin2019NanjingJiangningMarathon.3.It’ssaidthatanAsianCultureVillage__________insidetheAYGVillageinNanjinginthecomingAsianYouthGamesperiod.A.builds B.isbuilding C.willbebuilt D.wasbuilt4.TheEnglish-Chinesedictionary__________myfatherboughtformemanyyearsagoisstillofgreatvalue.A.whose B.when C.who D.that5.Nanjing,Iloveyouisabeautifulsongwhichrepresentsthefeelingsand______（精神）ofNanjingpeople.（6.TikTok,whichis__________(sudden)everywhereontheInternet,ismakingitswayintoourlives.宾语从句：1.Ithink_________canmakeAndychangehismind.Heissuchapersonwhonevergivesupeasily.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything2.Couldyoutellmehowtoremembernewwordsquickly?Yes，Ithinka__________treecanhelpyoualot.A.grammar B.equation C.punctuation D.vocabulary3.Haveyoudecidedwhichseniorhighschooltochoose?Notyet.I__________gotoMoonlightSchool.A.must B.may C.need D.should4.Peter，isthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?Yes，Iamstillwondering__________.A.howisChinesepapercutmadeB.howwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimesC.whytheChinesepeopleliketoplaythedragondanceD.whydotheChinesepeopleeatricedumplingsatDragonBoatFestival5.David,couldyoutellme_________?Everyfouryears.A.whenthe2014WorldCupwillfinishB.howoftentheWorldCuptakesplaceC.howmanyteamstakepartintheWorldCupD.whomayscorethemostgoalsintheWorldCup6.We’resurethattheenvironmentinourcity______greatlythroughourworkinthenearfuture.A.improved B.wasimproved C.hasimproved D.willbeimproved7.Areyougoingcampingthisafternoon?Atyphooniscoming.I’mnotsuretheroadtothemountainswillbeclosed.A.which B.what C.whether D.why8.Beforeyoustartreading,askyourself______youarereadingthisbook.Mostpeoplereadfortwomainreasons,pleasureorknowledge.A.why B.what C.where D.when9.Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause?A.HismothercalledhimRobbiewhenhewasababy.B.OnMarsyoumightseepeoplewhowearspecialboots.C.Mr.Greentellsusthatwe’dbetterusetheInternetproperly.D.Ourlifehasimprovedbecausetheenvironmentisgettingbetter.10.Iwonder______.Someonewhocanmakemeabetterperson.A.whenyouoftenmeetyourfriendsB.howyoumakeyourfriendshappyC.whoyouwanttomakefriendswithD.whereyouspendweekendswithfriends11.Someteenagersdon’tknowhowto(处理)withtheirpersonalproblemsandtheyoftengototherapy.12.Thetwinbrothersalwayskeep(argue)aboutwhatTVprogrammestowatch.13.TheteachertoldusthatthegravityonMars(be)onlyaboutthree-eighthofthatonEarth.14.TheChineseCharacterDictationContestremindsusthatChinesecharactersplayanimportant____(角色)inpassingonChineselanguageandculture．15.Someteenagersdon’tknowhowto(处理)withtheirpersonalproblemsandtheyoftengototherapy.16.Thetwinbrothersalwayskeep(argue)aboutwhatTVprogrammestowatch.17.TheteachertoldusthatthegravityonMars(be)onlyaboutthree-eighthofthatonEarth.18.TheChineseCharacterDictationContestremindsusthatChinesecharactersplayanimportant____(角色)inpassingonChineselanguageandculture．结果状语从句：1.Peterissoimaginativethatmoststudentsrecommend_______(他)asthechairpersonoftheScienceClub.目的状语从句：1.Weneedtomakemoreyoungpeople____(learn)ShadowPlaysothatitwon’tdisappearinChina． 要点4特殊句式初中阶段主要出现了以下几种特殊句式：祈使句，therebe句型，感叹句，倒装句，强调句特殊句式练习Therebe句型1.Look!There______aphotoofourEnglishteacherintoday’snewspaper!A.is B.are C.have D.has2.There(be)fourstudentsfromSchoolfortheBlindinNanjingsharingreadingwiththestudentsintheUSthroughonlinevideoonApril22,2016.3.Thereisan(空的)bottleontheroad.Everyon