2025年高考英语总复习专项练习13 阅读理解＋读后续写

练习13阅读理解+读后续写

I.阅读理解

A

2024•浙江1月，D议论文310词★★★☆☆

TheStanfordmarshmallow（棉花糖）testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate

1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythe

child,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbe

givenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftaloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowed

aconnectionbetweenanabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We'renottemptedbysugarytreats,butbyour

computers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesof

informationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andourbrainsdeveloped

aresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe*ve

reshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhave

thesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggleto

resisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasaspecieswas

information-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.Butglobalconnectivityhas

greatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombarded（轰炸）withnewinformation.

Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemore

thoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood^^inorderto

manageourtimemosteffectively.

语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与自我一一做人与做事一一儿童棉花糖实验的启示

【语篇解读】文章通过20世纪60年代一项针对孩子的棉花糖实验引出作者观点——身处网络时代，

我们每天都受到大量信息的诱惑，要学会做有选择的信息消费者。

1.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischel'stest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.

B.Showrespectfortheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.

D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

答案与解析：D理解具体信息。根据第一段对Mischel的棉花糖实验的介绍中的“Eachchildwastoldif

theywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat”可知,孩子们如果等待15

分钟再吃糖，就会得到第二份奖励，故选D项。

2.AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D・thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据题干中“mismatch”这一关键词将答案定位在第三段的最后一句话

“Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtaining

calories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheart...we

shouldn'teaf\由此句可知，我们获取热量所需付出的成本和努力大大减少，也就是说现在我们能够轻易获

取充足的食物了，但是我们的大脑仍然和数千年前一样，因此这两者之间是不匹配的，故选C项。A项“热

量匮乏的世界和我们的好胃口”；B项“糖分的缺乏和我们的营养需求”；C项“充足的食物供应和我们一

成不变的大脑”；D项“诱人的食物和我们为保持健康所做的努力”。

3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

B.Absorbnewinformationreadily.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.

D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

答案与解析：B推断。根据最后一段中的“Therefore...wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutour

informationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental'junkfood'inordertomanageourtimemost

effectively"可知，作者建议我们要谨慎地对待信息消费，抵制那些对我们的精神健康有害的信息诱惑，以

达到高效管理时间的目的。因此可推断出，作者建议读者要做有选择的信息消费者，故选B项。A项“欣

然接受新信息”；C项“使用多样化的信息源”；D项“保护信息环境”。

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMore

B.TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetter

D.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

答案与解析：D理解文章主旨要义。本文围绕棉花糖实验展开，从最初针对幼儿园孩子的测试引入,

说明棉花糖对孩子的影响，再类比到成人身上，阐述了在充斥着各类信息的信息大环境下，我们成年人也

应该要学会抵制不良信息带来的诱惑，做一个有选择的信息消费者，因此文章重点介绍了成人面临的“棉

花糖实验”，故选D项。

B

2024•浙江1月，B记叙文329词★★★☆☆

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecall-nottoshelterfrom

therain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurposewas...2006.Iwasconducting

auditions（试演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorsto

comeandworkformefornothing,Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeit_seemabitmore

“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.SuddenlyIwaslocked

outside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectory

Assistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanagingagent,andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtime

togetbackinbeforetheactorsarrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthenarenolongeranypublic

telephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa“minicommunitylibrary”：any

passer-bycan“borrow“abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirown

collection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“library“opened,Ididn'tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumedthatitwouldbe

stuffedfullofcheeselovestories.ThenInoticedforkconductingspringcleansdroppingboxesofvoluminous

booksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.Thisunbeatablepricepointencouragedmeto

experimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnevernormallyconsiderbuying.AndI'vediscoveredsomegreat

books!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbeabletoconnect

mewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitformywifetorescueme.

语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——社会进步——电话亭的变迁

【语篇解读】作者回忆了自己最后一次使用电话亭的经历，并发现家附近最后一个电话亭被改造成

了“迷你社区图书馆”，这为社区提供了新的价值。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

答案与解析：B理解词汇。根据第一段中的"Iwasconductingauditions（试演）formyplayinmytinyold

sharedhouseinLondon和“Ispreadsomethrowsoverthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore

'youngprofessional'”可推断出，作者是在合租房里安排试演，为了给一些有天赋的演员留下深刻印象而

将合租房布置了一番，故选B项。

6.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.

B.Toputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.

D.Toholdanaudition.

答案与解析：A推断。根据题干信息将答案定位在第一、二段。第二段提到作者被锁在了门外，但是

幸运的是“therewasatelephoneboxacrossthestreet”，因此作者打电话拿到了备用钥匙，才得以及时赶回家。

由此可推断出，在2006年作者使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话，故选A项。

7.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary^^?

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.

B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.

D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

答案与解析：B理解具体信息。根据题干中的“minicommunitylibrary”将答案锁定在第三段。由该段

中的"a'minicommunitylibrary,:anypasser-bycan...orreplaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirown

collection"可知，任何路过的人都能用自己的另一本藏书来替换其中的一本书，也就是说任何人都可以为

这个图书馆的藏书做出贡献，故选B项。A项“它提供免费电话服务”；C项“它在年轻读者中受欢迎”；

D项“一个月之内必须归还图书”。

8.Whydidtheauthorstarttousethe"library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

答案与解析：C理解具体信息。根据第四段可知，作者一开始认为这个“图书馆”里都是一些庸俗的

爱情故事书，但后来却注意到那里有各种主题的大部头书，而且这些书都是免费的。这个无与伦比的价格

点鼓励作者尝试许多自己通常不会考虑购买的书，并且发现了一些很棒的书。由此可知，作者因为发现那

里有免费的好书，才转变之前的想法，开始使用这个“图书馆”。故选C项。

II.读后续写

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

[2024•九省联考]Lastsummer,Hildaworkedasavolunteerwithdolphintrainersatasealifepark.Herjob

wastomakesurethetankswerefreeofanyitemssothatthetrainerscouldtrainthedolphinstofetchspecificitems.

However,onedayaftercleaning,oneofthedolphins,Maya,presentedHildawithacandywrapperfromthetank.

WhenKatherine,thetrainer,sawthis,sheblamedHildaforhercarelessness.Upsetbutnotdiscouragedbythis

event,HildadecidedtodosomespyingonMaya.

Thenextmorning,Hildaarrivedattheparkearly.Sheputonherscubagear（水下呼吸器）andjumpedinto

thetankforherusual,underwatersweep.Findingnothinginthetank,sheclimbedoutofthewaterjustintimeto

seeKatherinejumpinginontheotherside.Afterwhathappenedyesterday,Hildaknewwhatshewasdoing.She

watchedasKatherineperformedherunderwatersearch,butHildawasn'tsurprisedwhenshesurfaced

empty-handed.

Duringthetanksweeps,Mayahadbeenswimmingplayfully,butnowthedolphinstoppedsuddenlyandswam

tothebackpartofthetankwherethefilter（过滤）boxwaslocated.Shestuckhernosedownbehindtheboxand

thenswamaway.WhatwasMayadoingbackthere?Hildawondered.Shejumpedbackintothewaterandswam

overtotakealookbehindthebox,andherquestionwasanswered.Hildathenswamacrossthetankfollowing

Maya'spathandemergedfromthewatertofindKatherineremovingherscubagear.AsKatherineturnedaround,

hermouthdroppedopen.TherewasMayaattheedgeofthetankwithacomb（梳子）inhermouthwaitingforher

treat.

“Maya!Wheredidyougetthat?”demandedKatherine,takingthecombandthrowingherafish."Iknow

whereshegotit,“declaredHildaclimbingoutofthetankwithahandfulofitemsstillwetfromtheirwatery,

restingplace.uWhat*sallthis?”Katherineasked,obviouslyconfused.