河南省信阳市息县2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省信阳市息县2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABEIJING,Oct.26(Xinhua)—ThefollowingisasummaryofpublishedscienceandtechnologynewsofChina:SHENZHOU-17SPACEFLIGHTChinaonThursdaylaunchedtheShenzhou-17mannedspaceship,andthethreeastronautsaboardwillbesenttostayinorbit(轨道)foraboutsixmonthsonaspacestationmission.Thespaceship,atop(在……顶上)aLongMarch-2Fcarrierrocket,blastedoff(发射升空)at11:14a.m.Thursday(BeijingTime)fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinnorthwestChina,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.AGRICULTURALSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYOver500expertsandscholarsfromChinaandabroadcametogetheratthe7thGlobalForumofLeadersforAgriculturalScienceandTechnology(GLAST-2023)anditssideeventstoexchangeideasonpromotingsustainable(可持续的)agriculturaldevelopmentthroughtechnologicalinnovation.Thetwo-dayforum,whichbeganonThursdayinSanya,southChina’sHainanProvince,wasthemed“scienceandtechnologyleadingthetransformationofglobalagri-foodsystem.”INTERNATIONALLUNARRESEARCHSTATIONTheChinaNationalSpaceAdministration(CNSA)hassignedcooperationdocumentswiththespaceagenciesofPakistanandBelarusrespectivelyforjoint(共同的)workontheInternationalLunarResearchStation(ILRS)program.ThenewcooperationeffortmarksthestartofparticipationbyPakistanandBelarusintheILRSprogram,saidtheCNSA.Theprogramwasinitiated(发起)byChina,withaninvitationextendedtoorganizationsandscientistsaroundtheworldtoparticipate.1.WherewasShenzhou-17blastedofffrom?A.Beijing B.Sanya C.Pakistan D.Jiuquan2.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A.Shenzhou-17mannedspaceshipwaslaunchedonTuesday.B.GLAST-2023finishedonThursday.C.GLAST-2023washeldinSanya.D.TherearetwocountriesintheILRSprogram.3.Whatkindofpassageisthis?A.Newsreport B.Argumentation C.Exposition D.Biography〖答案〗1.D2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是中国科技方面的一些新闻消息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据SHENZHOU-17SPACEFLIGHT标题下第二段“Thespaceship,atop(在……顶上)aLongMarch-2Fcarrierrocket,blastedoff(发射升空)at11:14a.m.Thursday(BeijingTime)fromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinnorthwestChina,accordingtotheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.(据中国载人航天机构称，该飞船搭载长征2F运载火箭，于北京时间周四上午11:14从中国西北部的酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空)”可知，神舟17号从酒泉发射。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据AGRICULTURALSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGY标题下“Over500expertsandscholarsfromChinaandabroadcametogetheratthe7thGlobalForumofLeadersforAgriculturalScienceandTechnology(GLAST-2023)anditssideeventstoexchangeideasonpromotingsustainable(可持续的)agriculturaldevelopmentthroughtechnologicalinnovation.(来自国内外的500多名专家学者齐聚第七届全球农业科技领袖论坛(GLAST-2023)及其会外活动，就通过技术创新促进农业可持续发展交换意见。)”和“Thetwo-dayforum,whichbeganonThursdayinSanya,southChina’sHainanProvince,wasthemed“scienceandtechnologyleadingthetransformationofglobalagri-foodsystem.”(为期两天的论坛于周四在中国南部海南省三亚开始，主题是“科技引领全球农业食品体系转型”)”可知，C选项“GLAST-2023在三亚举行”正确。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“BEIJING,Oct.26(Xinhua)—ThefollowingisasummaryofpublishedscienceandtechnologynewsofChina(北京，10月26日（新华社）——以下是中国科技新闻的摘要)”可推知，文章是一则新闻报道。故选A。BWhenmybarberformorethan45years,Deminick,retiredearlierthisyear,Iwasinafix.Icannotdrive,andonlyoneotherbarbershopwaswalkablefrommyhouseinFreeport.Dominickrepresentedmorethanagoodhaircut.Forme,hewasamovinglandmarkandalongtradition.Healwaysaskedaboutmyboys,now44and49,andadmiredourfamilyhair.I’dwalkbyhisemptyshoponGrandAvenueinBaldwin,hopinganotherbarberwouldmovein.Otherwise,theoneothershopinthesameareaavailabletomewassmall,likeDominick’s,butuninviting,oftenempty,withnoelderlymenormotherswithkids.Dominick’swasaone-manoperationandoftenhadcustomerswaiting.Butmyluckchanged—Ithought.ThereappearedabarberpoleaboveDominick’s!Red,whiteandblue!AbrightsignsaidBARBER.Openforbusiness!Butalargenoticeinthewindowdisplayedthebarber’sname—AliciaZayala.Awoman!Myheartsank.Asaman,Ididn’twantachemicalhairtreatment.Iwantedahaircut!Goingtoafemalebarberwasn'tmycupoftea.Ibelieveintheequalityofthetwogenders(性别)andIrespectwomen.ButIdidn’tfeelcomfortablewithafemalehairdresser.SoIchosethemalebarberwithemptychairsinBaldwin.Hewasyoungandconfident.Withbigmovements,hecutmyhair.Ifeltlikegrassunderalawnmower(割草机)．Itwasmyquickesthaircutsince1952.Itwasn’tbad;hehadmadethecut.Buthewasn’tmyoldbarber.Whenmyhaironceagaingrewovermyhearingaid,IwonderedwhetherIshouldtrytheladybarber.Whynot?Myhairwouldgrowback.Thenewbarberwasmiddle-aged,silentatfirstbutoutgoing.Smalltalktobreaktheiceturnedintoachat.Aliciawaspleasant.ShehadDominick'sconcentrationthatIhadtakenforgranted(视为当然).Icoughed.Sherushedtogetmeahardcandy.ItwasthelongesthaircutI’deverhad,butshematchedDominick’scareandskill.Iwasverypleased.4.HowdidtheauthorfeelafterDominick’sretirementannouncement?A.Abitworried. B.Quiteangry. C.Reallyrelieved. D.Deeplyhurt.5.Whydidtheauthorchoosetheyoungbarberatfirst?A.Thebarberhadasmallbarbershop,likeDominick’s,butuninviting.B.Thebarberwasknownforhisquickhaircuts.C.Theauthorwasusedtobeingservedbymalebarbers.D.Theauthorlikedchattingwiththebarber’selderlycustomers.6.WhichofthefollowingcouldbeusedtodescribeAliciaZayala?A.Considerate. B.Humorous. C.Adventurous. D.Impatient.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sstorytellus?A.Sweetaretheusesofadversity. B.Constantdropwearsawayastone.C.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover. D.Practicemakesperfect.〖答案〗4.A5.C6.A7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了为作者理了45年头发的德米尼退休时，作者有一些担心，作者已经习惯于德米尼的服务。作者对女理发师产生了一种抵触感。但是一名叫做Alicia的女理发师的服务让作者感到满意，具有德米尼的为人处世方式和高超的技能。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenmybarberformorethan45years,Deminick,retiredearlierthisyear,Iwasinafix.”(当我45年多的理发师德米尼克今年早些时候退休时，我陷入了困境。)可知，多米尼克宣布退休后，作者有点担忧。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据上文可知，作者以前的理发师是男性以及根据第四段“Goingtoafemalebarberwasn’tmycupoftea.Ibelieveintheequalityofthetwogenders(性别)andIrespectwomen.ButIdidn’tfeelcomfortablewithafemalehairdresser.”(我不喜欢去女理发师那儿。我相信两性平等，我尊重女性。但我和一个女理发师在一起感觉不舒服。)可知，作者选择这位年轻的理发师是因为作者习惯于由男性理发师为其服务。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Aliciawaspleasant.ShehadDominick'sconcentrationthatIhadtakenforgranted(视为当然).Icoughed.Sherushedtogetmeahardcandy.”(Alicia很讨人喜欢。她有多米尼克那种我认为理所当然的专注力。我咳嗽。她赶紧给我拿了一块糖。)可知，AliciaZayala是一个考虑周到的人。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。短文叙述了为作者理了45年头发的德米尼退休时，作者有一些担心，作者已经习惯于德米尼的服务。作者对女理发师产生了一种抵触感。但是一名叫做Alicia的女理发师的服务让作者感到满意，具有德米尼的为人处世方式和高超的技能。所以故事告诉我们“不要以貌取人。”。故选C项。CWhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents(口音),mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinition(定义)ofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice.Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect(方言),too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisachangedformofalanguagethatisfeaturedbyitsvariations(变化)ofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,“Yougoteatornot?”(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowideaofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity(身份).Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends’responseinparagraph1?A.Itreflectstheirselfconfidence.B.Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C.Itmissesthepointofcommunication.D.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.9.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A.Tosupporttheuseofdialects.B.Toshowtheimportanceofdialects.C.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.D.Tohighlightatraditionalmethod.10.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendustodointhelastparagraph?A.Learntospeakwithyourlocaldialect.B.Lookforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.C.Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects.D.Separateourlocallanguagesfromothers’.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A.EveryoneHasanAccentB.AccentsImproveOurIdentitiesC.DialectsLeadtoMisunderstandingD.StandardEnglishIsatRisk〖答案〗8.D9.A10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人人都有口音，这种差异能帮助我们了解文化经历和背景，从而在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents(口音),mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，大多数人都自豪地回答说:“嗯，我的英语/中文等等说得很流利。”但是这种回答并没有抓住问题的关键。)”和第二段中“Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.(通常，当我们说某人“有口音”时，我们的意思是他们的口音与当地人不同，或者说他们的发音与我们的不同。)”可知，作者认为第一段中他/她朋友的回答忽略了对口音含义的真正理解。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Everypersonspeaksadialect( 方言),too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisachangedformofalanguagethatisfeaturedbyitsvariations(变化)ofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,”Yougoteatornot?“(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?(每个人都会说一种方言。在语言研究领域，方言是语言的一种变体，其特点是结构、短语和词汇的变化。比如“你到底有没有吃？”“(意思是“你吃过了吗？”)是新加坡英语口语中可以接受和理解的问题。事实上，这个表达会使一个标准的美国英语使用者停顿，并不意味着新加坡口语是“错误的”或“不合语法”。根据新加坡本土英语使用者扎实的语法系统，这个句子结构良好，具有清晰的交际性。为什么仅仅因为它不同就是错的呢？)”可知，作者是支持方言的使用的。由此可推知，作者使用新加坡英语口语的例子是为了支持方言的使用。故选A。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity(身份).Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(像这样的语言差异可以让我们深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们说话背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的这个世界，并在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。)”可知，作者认为语言的差异能让我们了解文化经历和背景，从而在这个过程中交到更多的朋友。由此可推知，作者建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!(有趣的是，在语言学习方面，每个人说话都有口音。正是我们发声方式的常规差异定义了我们的口音。即使你自己没听到，你说话也有点口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都是！)”可知，文章主要介绍了人人都有口音，这种差异能帮助我们了解文化经历和背景，从而在这个过程中交到更多的朋友，A项“每个人都有口音”适合做文章标题，故选A。DDoyouknowtherearesoundsproducedbyplants?Haveyoueverwonderedwhatanimalsaretalkingabout?WiththedevelopmentofAI,wemaybeabletounderstandtheirlanguages!InProfessorKarenBakker’snewbook,TheSoundsofLife:HowDigitalTechnologyIsBringingUsClosertotheWorldsofAnimalsandPlants,shetalksabouthowAIandothertechnologiesarehelpingustotranslate(翻译)andunderstandanimals’andplants’words.Allaroundtheanimalworld,therearesoundsthatwecanhardlypickup(接收到)anddecipher(破译).Elephants,forexample,talkwitheachotherusinginfra-sound(次声),whichcannotbeheardbyhumanears.Coral(珊瑚)intheoceanalsosendssoundwavestolead(带领)babycoraltosaferareastogrow.Babycoral“listens”forthesoundsandfindsitswaytotherightplace.Thisissurprisingascoraldoesn’thaveanyears!Scientistshaveplaced(放置)machinesintotheseenvironmentstopickupthesoundshumanscannothear.Afterthesoundsarerecorded,AIcanstudytheirmeaning.Forexample,IsracliresearchersusedAItotranslatebats’(蝙蝠)15,000calls.Theyfoundthatmorethan60percentwereargumentsaboutsuchthings:food,waysofsleeping,gettingintopersonalspace,andunwantedcourtship(求偶).Technologiescannotonlyunderstandtheanimalsbutcommunicatebacktothem.Forexample,beesusedancestocommunicate.SoaresearchteaminGermanyputthebeelanguageAIsystemintoarobotbee.Theyaskedtherobottocreateasetofdancemovestotellthebeeswheretheycanfindtheirfood.Researcherssaidthetechnologycouldsomedayhelpdisabledpeopletocommunicate.Itmightalsohelpscientistsunderstandhowanimalsseetheworld.12.Howdoesthewriterleadintothetopic?A.Bylistingfacts. B.Byofferingideas.C.Byaskingquestions. D.Bygivingexamples.13.WhatcanwelearnfromKarenBakker’snewbook?A.WhatroleAIplaysinprotectinganimals.B.Whatmakesithardforustotakecareofplants.C.HowanimalsandplantscommunicatewiththehelpofAI.D.Howtechnologieshelpusunderstandthevoicesofnature.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”referto(指的是)?A.Babycoral“listens”forthesounds.B.Coraldoesn'thaveanyearsC.MachinescanbeusedtopickupsoundsD.Coralcanfindsaferareastogrowbyitself.15.Whatistheresearchers’attitude(态度)towardsthefutureoftheAItechnology?A.Unclear. B.Hopeless.C.Doubtful(怀疑的). D.Supportive.〖答案〗12.C13.D14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了使用AI能够理解动物的语言。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Doyouknowtherearesoundsproducedbyplants?Haveyoueverwonderedwhatanimalsaretalkingabout?(你知道植物会发出声音吗？你有没有想过动物在说什么？)”可知，文章开头是通过提出问题的方式切入文章主题。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“InProfessorKarenBakker’snewbook,

TheSoundsofLife:HowDigitalTechnologyIsBringingUsClosertotheWorldsofAnimalsandPlants,

shetalksabouthowAIandothertechnologiesarehelpingustotranslateandunderstandanimals’andplants’words.(在卡伦·巴克教授的新书《生命之声：数字技术如何让我们更接近动植物世界》中，她谈到了人工智能和其他技术如何帮助我们翻译和理解动植物的语言。)”可知，从凯伦·巴克的新书中我们可以知道科技如何帮助我们理解自然的声音。故选D。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Coral(珊瑚)intheoceanalsosendssoundwavestolead(带领)babycoraltosaferareastogrow.Babycoral“listens”forthesoundsandfindsitswaytotherightplace.Thisissurprisingascoraldoesn’thaveanyears!(海洋中的珊瑚也会发出声波，将小珊瑚带到更安全的地方生长。小珊瑚会“倾听”声音，并找到合适的地方。这令人惊讶，因为珊瑚没有耳朵！)”可知，这里This指代上文提到的小珊瑚会“倾听”声音这件事。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Researcherssaidthetechnologycouldsomedayhelpdisabledpeopletocommunicate.Itmightalsohelpscientistsunderstandhowanimalsseetheworld.(研究人员表示，这项技术有朝一日可以帮助残疾人进行交流。这也可能有助于科学家了解动物如何看待世界。)”可知，作者对人工智能技术是支持的，因为它有利于人类。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Foralongtime,Ithoughtonlyskinnyandstrongpeoplecouldfinishthehalfmarathon(马拉松)attheBaltimoreRunningFestival.____16____.PreparingfortheeventhastaughtmesomevaluablelessonsI’dliketoshare.Trainyourselfaspeoplefirstandmarathonerssecond.____17____.Itistheconfidencethatwillcarryyouacrossthefinishlineontheraceday.Thesaying“lifeisamarathon,notashortrun”applies!Makesuretotakeyourtime.____18____.Yourgoalistogetcomfortablerunningthreetofourtimesaweek,withyourlongestrunbeingroughly5or6miles.____19____.Onceyou’vecompletedyourbasictraining,lookforatrainingprogramthatlastsaboutfourmonths.Week-to-week,theplanshouldguideyoutoincreasethedistancebynomorethan10to15%aweek.Don’tgotothecoachwhopushesyoutoohardinasingletrainingcycle.Itcouldresultininjuries.Runningamarathonisaninvestment(投入)oftimeandmoney.Ifyou’regoingtospendyourhard-earnedmoneysomewhere,it’sworthinvestinginanexcellentpairofrunningshoes.____20____.A.SignupforaraceB.Chooseatrainingplanthat’ssafeC.Butlastyear,IeventuallymadeupmymindtohaveatryD.Keepyourrelationshiptoyourtrainingprogramapositiveone.E.It’smuchcheapertobuyanewpairofshoesthantovisitadoctorF.Youcanstartbyrunning1or1.5milesandbuildupweekafterweekG.Itmeansdoingthebasictrainingataneasypacethatcangiveyouconfidence〖答案〗16.C17.G18.F19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者在准备马拉松阶段学到了一些方法。【16题详析】根据空前“Foralongtime,Ithoughtonlyskinnyandstrongpeoplecouldfinishthehalfmarathon(马拉松)attheBaltimoreRunningFestival.(很长时间以来，我一直认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛。)”和空后“PreparingfortheeventhastaughtmesomevaluablelessonsI’dliketoshare.(准备这项赛事教会了我一些我想要分享的有价值的教训。)”可知，空前提到作者认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛，而下文又提到作者为参加马拉松比赛做准备，因此C项“但是去年，我最终决定试一试”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详析】根据空前“Trainyourselfaspeoplefirstandmarathonerssecond.(把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是马拉松。)”可知，作者建议把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是训练马拉松，G项中的“Itmeansdoingthebasictraining”与空前的“Trainyourself”相呼应，且G项中的“cangiveyouconfidence”与空后的“Itistheconfidencethatwillcarryyouacrossthefinishlineontheraceday.”相呼应，故G项“这意味着以轻松的速度进行基本的训练，这可以给你信心。”符合语境。故选G项。【18题详析】根据空前“Makesuretotakeyourtime.(确保不着急，慢慢来。)”可知，作者建议要慢慢来，不要着急，故F项中的“buildupweekafterweek”与空前的“takeyourtime”相呼应，F项“你可以从跑1英里或1.5英里开始，然后每周增加。”符合语境。故选F项。【19题详析】根据空后“Onceyou’vecompletedyourbasictraining,lookforatrainingprogramthatlastsaboutfourmonths.(一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划。)”可知，空前提到一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划，B项中的“atrainingplan”与空后的“atrainingprogram”相呼应，且根据本段内容“Don’tgotothecoachwhopushesyoutoohardinasingletrainingcycle.Itcouldresultininjuries.(不要去找那些在单个训练周期把你逼得太紧的教练。这可能会带来伤害。)”可知，后文提到了需要注意安全，故B项“选择一个安全的训练计划”符合语境。故选B项。【20题详析】根据空前“Ifyou’regoingtospendyourhard-earnedmoneysomewhere,it’sworthinvestinginanexcellentpairofrunningshoes.(如果你想要把辛苦挣来的钱花在某个地方，买一双好的跑鞋是值得的。)”可知，E项“买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多。”是空前的顺义承接，如果你打算把钱花在某个地方，那么买一双好的跑鞋是值得的，毕竟买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多，E项中的“buyanewpairofshoes”与空前的“investinginanexcellentpairofrunningshoes”相呼应，故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthefallof1522,aleakyshipmadeportinSpainwith18tiredcrewmen,allthatsurvivedofsome240who’dmannedabold,trademission.ChalesI,theyoungSpanishking,wasnolongerwillingto___21___overlandtraderoutesforthespicethatwasso___22___inEurope.Heappointedanexpedition(探险队)tofindanew___23___toPacificislandsrichwithspices,andascaptainhehiredFerdinandMagellan,askilledPortuguesesailorwho___24___believedtheEarthwasround,atheorynotyet___25___.ThefleetwastofindawestwardroutetotheSpiceIslands,and___26___thesameway.Theyalsoweretofocusontraderoutesand___27___conquest(征服)andreligion.Magellanwouldn’tobeythe___28___,withdisastrousandhistoricresults.InSeptember1519,fiveshipssetsail,___29___tocollectnearly550tonsofspicesintwoyears.Thevoyagestretchedtothreeyears.Theysurvivedwiththe___30___ofIndigenouspeopletheymet,treatingsome___31___butotherscruellyorviolently.Quittingtradeforconquest,Magellan___32___anislandinthePhilippinesandwas___33___inthesurf.Anewcaptain,JuanSebasetinElcano,guidedtheVictoriahomewithanunplanned___34___:proofthattheEarthwasround.Thefirstvoyageoftheglobe-a___35___feat(丰功伟绩)ofexplorationandscience—changedtheworldforever,sparkingglobalizationandabuseofcolonizationforcenturiestocome.21.A.giveup B.relyon C.lookfor D.testout22.A.abundant B.common C.attractive D.popular23.A.direction B.access C.route D.entrance24.A.firmly B.reluctantly C.slightly D.nervously25.A.declared B.proved C.analyzed D.evaluated26.A.sail B.continue C.follow D.return27.A.avoid B.perform C.launch D.promote28.A.timetable B.schedule C.order D.custom29.A.failing B.waiting C.intending D.stopping30.A.help B.agreement C.gratitude D.relief31.A.equally B.fairly C.seriously D.carefully32.A.searched B.flooded C.attacked D.abandoned33.A.defeated B.swallowed C.trapped D.killed34.A.achievement B.expectation C.dream D.process35.A.mysterious B.remarkable C.predictable D.strange〖答案〗21.B22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界上第一次环球航行的过程和证明地球是圆的这一理论的经过。【21题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A.giveup放弃；B.relyon依靠；C.lookfor寻找；D.testout试验。根据下文的“Heappointedanexpeditiontofindanew...toPacificislandsrichwithspices”可知，查尔斯一世不愿意再依靠陆路贸易路线来获取欧洲受欢迎的香料了。故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的西班牙国王查理一世不再愿意依靠陆路贸易路线来获取这种在欧洲非常流行的香料。A.abundant丰富的；B.common普通的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.popular受欢迎的。根据上文的“allthatsurvivedofsome240who’dmannedabold,trademission”和下文的“Heappointedanexpeditiontofindanew...toPacificislandsrichwithspices”可知，国王查理一世任命了一支探险队去香料丰富的太平洋岛屿那里进行贸易活动，将香料带回来，则可知香料在欧洲很受欢迎。故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A.direction方向；B.access出入口；C.route路线；D.entrance入口。根据上文的“overlandtraderoutes”可知，与它对比，这里指国王想派人去寻找一条新路线来获取香料。故选C项。【24题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A.firmly坚定地；B.reluctantly勉强地；C.slightly稍微地；D.nervously焦虑地。根据上文的“askilledPortuguesesailor”可知，麦哲伦是一位技术熟练的水手，坚信地球是圆的。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。他任命了一支探险队去寻找一条通往香料丰富的太平洋岛屿的新路线，并聘请了费迪南德·麦哲伦担任船长，他是一位熟练的葡萄牙水手，坚信地球是圆的，当时这一理论尚未得到证实。A.declared宣布；B.proved证明；C.analyzed分析；D.evaluated评估。根据倒数第二段的内容“proofthattheEarthwasround”可知，地球是圆的这个理论当时尚未得到证实。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：船队要找到一条向西到达香料群岛的航线，然后原路返回。A.sail航行；B.continue继续；C.follow跟随；D.return返回。根据空后的“thesameway”可知，与空前的“findawestwardroutstotheSpiceIslands”呼应，指去的航线和返回的航线是一致的。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们还专注于贸易路线，避免征服和宗教活动。A.avoid避免；B.perform履行；C.launch发起；D.promote促进。根据上文的“focusontraderoutes”可知，这次航行的重点是放在贸易航线上，而不是为了征服和传教。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦不服从命令，带来了灾难性和历史性的后果。A.timetable时间表；B.schedule日程安排；C.order命令；D.custom习惯。根据下文的“withdisastrousandhistoricresults”可知，麦哲伦没有服从命令，从而造成了灾难性和历史性的后果。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1519年9月，五艘船启航，打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。A.failing失败；B.waiting等待；C.intending打算；D.stopping停止。根据上文的“fiveshipssetsail”和下文的“tocollectnearly550tonsofspicesintwoyears”可知，这次航行打算在两年内收集近550吨香料。故选C项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公平地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A.help帮助；B.agreement协议；C.gratitude感激；D.relief缓解。根据上文的“Thevoyagestretchedtothreeyears.”以及“Indigenouspeopletheymet”可知，探险的旅程很是艰辛，他们在遇到的土著人的帮助下幸存下来。故选A项。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们在遇到的土著居民的帮助下生存下来，他们公正地对待一些人，但残酷或暴力地对待另一些人。A.equally平等地；B.fairly公正地；C.seriously严肃地；D.carefully小心地。根据下文的“butotherscruellyorviolently”可知，他们残酷或暴力地对待其他人，but表示转折，则他们公正地对待一些人。故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A.searched搜索；B.flooded泛滥；C.attacked攻击；D.abandoned放弃。根据上文的“Quittingtradeforconquest”可知，为了征服而放弃贸易，麦哲伦袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿。故选C项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦哲伦为了征服而放弃贸易，他袭击了菲律宾的一个岛屿，并在海浪中丧生。A.defeated打败；B.swallowed吞噬；C.trapped陷入；D.killed杀死。根据下文的“Anewcaptain,JuanSebasetinElcano,guidedtheVictoriahome...”可知，在这次袭击中，麦哲伦在海浪中丧生。故选D项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新船长胡安·塞巴斯蒂安·埃尔卡诺带领维多利亚号回家，取得了一项意想不到的成就：证明了地球是圆的。A.achievement成就；B.expectation期望；C.dream梦想；D.process过程。根据上文的“askilledPortuguesesailorwho...believedtheEarthwasround,atheorynotyet...”和空后的“proofthattheEarthwasround”可知，这次航行取得了一项意外的成就：证明地球是圆的。故选A项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次环球航行——一项非凡的探索和科学壮举——永远地改变了世界，引发了未来几个世纪的全球化和殖民主义的滥用。A.mysterious神秘的；B.remarkable卓越的；C.predictable可预测的；D.strange奇怪的。根据下文的“changedtheworldforever”可知，这次航行是非凡的。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AweekofperformancesofKunquoperawasheldfromApril28toMay3attheBeijingTianqiaoPerformingArtsCenter,___36___(present)manyworksincludingtraditionalclassicsandrevolutionary(革命的)stories,whichshowedhowthe600-year-oldarthaddevelopedinmoderntimes.Theaudienceloved___37___theartistsbroughttothestage.TheKunquweekhighlightedtheclassicadaptationofButterflyDream,aMingDynasty(1368～1644)storyandthemodernChineserevolutionaryKunquoperaQuQiubai.TheperformanceQuQiubai,___38___revolutionaryherocalledQuQiubaiinthe1920swhowenttoMoscowinsearchofwaystosaveChina,___39___(say)bythecriticstobeaperfectcombinationofmodernthemesandclassicalart.TheweekofperformancesalsoincludedfivepiecesbroughttobestagedbytheJiangsuProvincialKunjuTheatrefromthreeprinciples:theclassicsthat___40___(pass)downfromgenerationtogeneration,thecreativelyadaptedhistoricaldramas,aswellas___41___(origin)moderndramas.“ThatiswhattheKunquoperaartistshavebeendoinginthelastfew___42___(year).Theytriedtobringalongverycreativeworkswithmodernthemes___43___theformofKunqu.Theperformancewill___44___(definite)maketheaudienceamazed,”saidJiaYixing,atraditionalChineseoperacritic.Kunquopera,whichoriginatedintheKunshanareaattheendoftheYuanDynasty(1279～1368)andthebeginningoftheMingDynasty,isfamousfor____45____(it)beautifulperformancesandmusic.〖答案〗36.presenting37.what38.a39.issaid40.havebeenpassed41.original42.years43.in44.definitely45.its【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。4月28日至5月3日，为期一周的昆曲演出在北京天桥表演艺术中心举行，演出了许多作品，包括传统经典和革命故事，展示了这门有600年历史的艺术在现代的发展。【36题详析】考查非谓语。句意：4月28日至5月3日，为期一周的昆曲演出在北京天桥表演艺术中心举行，演出了许多作品，包括传统经典和革命故事，展示了这门有600年历史的艺术在现代的发展。空处为非谓语动词，与上文为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填presenting。【37题详析】考查连接词。句意：观众喜欢艺术家们在舞台上带来的表演。loved后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，连接词为what。故填what。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：20世纪20年代，一位名叫瞿秋白的革命英雄前往莫斯科寻找拯救中国的方法，《瞿秋白》被评论家认为是现