新高考英语三轮冲刺重难点练习重难点11 语法填空时态和语态专练原卷版

重难点11语法填空时态和语态动词的时态、语态和语气是高考中的重中之重，也是英语句子结构的核心。英语句子的灵动性很大程度上体现在动词的各种变化上，因此谓语动词的时态、语态、语气的运用三位一体，不可分割。在备考过程中应该对谓语动词变化的各种情况都能够了如指掌。可以预测，2024年高考仍然会以考查时态为主，但考查形式会更多地结合语态和语气等形式，越来越侧重在语境中考查动词的时态、语态和语气，所以要求考生首先要掌握时态、语态和语气的基本用法，同时在所设置的语境中根据所给信息进行判断。也就是说，考生应学会通过上下文来确定所用时态、语态和语气。近3年新高考语法填空时态和语态数据分析试卷类型年份主题语境体裁考查内容新高考II卷2023人与自我记叙文动词时态1题；新高考I卷2022人与自然说明文动词时态1题；语态1题；新高考II卷2022人与自我记叙文动词时态2题；新高考I卷2021人与自我记叙文动词时态1题；新高考II卷2021人与自然记叙文动词时态1题；典例分析典例分析典例一(2023年新高考II卷)WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe11(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand12(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish13?Notthepandas,eventhough14languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto15(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive16(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis17theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?18(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop19toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I20(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.典例二(2022年新高考I卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).1(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes2sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat3(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority4(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP5(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,6leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate7(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and8(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.Giantpandasalsoserve9anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies10livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.（建议用时：10分钟/篇）1.（2023·江苏扬州·扬州中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。China’sspaceprojectsetssailfortheseaofstarsTheMengtianlabmodulesuccessfully1(join)theTianhecoremoduleandtheWentianlabmoduleatChina’sspacestationTiangongontheearlymorningofTuesday.Mengtianisthe2(two)labmoduleofthespacestationandthefirstoneisWentianthatwasconnectedwithTianhe3(previous).Withthetwolabmodulesnowdocked(对接)withthecoremodule,theT-shapedstructureofthespacestationhastakenshapeuptonow.Thespacestationhasentereditsfinalconstructionstageas4(plan).Thissmoothprogressshouldbeowedtoscientistsandengineersandallthose5devotionandhardworkhasmadethespacestation6reality.Chinahasneverabandonedits7(ambition)goalofacquiringadvancedspacecapabilitiesandbecomingapioneerintheexplorationofspace,soas8(help)expandourknowledgeoftheuniverse.China’sprideinitsspaceachievementsisalsoanexpressionofthanks9peoplewhohavemadecontributions.Theinsistenceonthespacemissionsbeingwell-prepared,well-organizedandwell-implemented(有效执行)hasbeenthe10(found)onwhichChina’saerospaceindustryhascontinuallyreachednewheights.2.（2023·江苏·江苏省天一中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Toprotecttheoceanandpreventplasticwastepollutingthewater,anItaliancompanyhasinventedRiverCleaning,11seemstobeaperfecttoolforpickinguplitterbeforeitgetsthere.About80percentofoceanwastecomesfrom100ofthe12(large)waterwaysacrosstheworld.So,stoppingwasteatitssourceis13excellentpotentialsolution.However,thecompanyhadtoovercomeseveral14(difficulty)beforeitcouldtestouttheinvention15(proper).Forexample,itsdevicehadtoallowboatstoeasilypassthrough,whilebeingable16(run)24/7withnoimpactontheenvironment.TheresultisRiverCleaning,a100percenteffective,lowcost,lowimpactsolution.Attached17thebedatthebottomoftheriver,RiverCleaningisaseriesofbuoys(浮标)thatpoweredbythe18(nature)flowoftheriver.Ithastheabilitytocollectdifferentkindsofwaste.Sofar,studies19(show)RiverCleaningcancollect85percentofallwastepassingbyit.So,ifitisusedinalltherightplaces,that’supto85percentoftrashpreventedfrom20(enter)flowingintotheocean.3.（2023·江苏扬州·江苏省高邮中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sincethefirstlinein2008,China’shigh-speedrailway21(symbolize)acountry’seconomicpower,andincreasingprosperity.Bytheendof2020,thecountryhadmorethan37,900kmofhigh-speedraillines22service.Chinaisalsoamongthefirstintheworld23(introduce)newtechnologysuchasautonomoustrainoperation.Chinaismostlikelytoconstructthefirstsuper-high-speedrailwayline24allowstrainstotravelupto1,000kmperhourbetweenShanghaiandHangzhou.The150-kilometerrailwayislikelytobringtheHyperloopconceptwhichwasoriginallyproposedin2013into25(real).Sofar,scientistshaveevaluatedsixproposalswiththemostsuitableconstructionconditions.Twowealthycitiesin26easterncoastalareafinallystoodout.Thesuper-high-speedtransportsystemusesthemost27(advance)techniquestotransportpassengersandgoods.Itisreportedthatthetwocoastalcities28(identify)asthemostsuitableinthelastconferenceduetotheirstrongeconomicactivities.Theprojectwillprovidesignificanteconomicpotential29helpChinamaintainitsleadingpositioninhigh-speedrailwaytechnology.Severalother30(candidate)havealsobeenconsidered.Apartfromconstructinghighspeedrailroadsinthecountry,Chinaalsoplanstobuildseveralotherstoconnectthecountrywithitsneighbors.4.（2023·江苏南京·金陵中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TeaiscommonlyconsiderednativetoSouthernChina.However,inagardeninGelingvillageinMetogcountyintheTibetautonomousregion,themorningairisfilledwiththesweetaromaof31(fresh)pickedtea.TseringYangdron,a25-year-oldMonba,oneoftheethnicgroups32liveinthisregion,skillfullymakesherwaythroughthegarden,carefullypickingtendertealeavesandtossingthemintoabamboobaskettiedtoherwaist.Teapicking33(become)ahabitforheroverthepastfiveyears.Aftersheisdone,TseringYangdrongoesbackhome,whereshealsorunsahomestay.“Wehavecomeupwith

34dishoffreshteabudsfriedwitheggs,”shesaid.Akilogramoffreshteabuds

35(sell)for300yuan.Once36(dry)andprocessedtomakegreentea,theirvalueincreasessignificantly.Gelingwasonceinaccessibleasaresultofthedenseforests,37theopeningoftheMetoghighwayin2013significantlyimprovedconnectivityandcreatedopportunitiesforeconomicgrowth.PriortoHuangJiabin’sappointment38thevillage’sPartysecretary,theteaplantationinGelingwasaneglectedpieceofland.“39(realize)thevalleywassuitableforgrowingtea,since2018,wehaveimprovedthemanagementoftheteaplantation,introducedadvancedplantingtechniquesandprovidedtrainingfor40(village),”Huangsaid.5.（2023·江苏南通·统考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Breathingdirtyaircausestheprematuredeathofatleast1,200childrenacrossEuropeeachyear.Actually,manythousandsmore41(trouble)withphysicalandmentalhealthproblemsthatcouldhavelifelongimpacts.42itcomestoairpollution,wecan’tthinkofchildren43littleadults.Theyreceivemorepollution,anditstartsinthewomb(子宫)andcontinuesinkindergartenandonwards.Childrenaremoreexposedtodirtyairthanadultsbecausetheyhavea44(fast)breathingrate,areclosertothegroundandareoutdoorsmore.Theyareparticularly45(sense)todirtyair,andpollutantscanhaveapermanentimpactontheirdevelopment.Theimpactsbeginbeforebirth,46contributestolowbirthweightandprematurebirth.Reducingthe47(source)ofairpollution,includingroadtraffic,coalandsolidfuelburning,andindustrialemissions(排放物),iskey.Actionshouldalsobetaken48(reduce)thespecificriskstochildren.Thesecouldincludeputtingcleanairzonesaroundschools,wheretrafficwould49(restrict)andidlingengines(怠速运转)prohibited.Localauthoritiesandschoolsshouldalsoconsider50(plant)trees,ivyscreensandhedgefencesaroundplaygrounds.6.（2023·江苏苏州·统考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aseminar(研讨会)washeldinBeijingrecently.Accordingtoitsreport,theChineseTVseries51(adapt)ofLiuCixin’sThree-BodyProblem,thefirstAsiannoveltowintheHugoAward,hasgainedpopularityoverseas.Statisticsshowthat52serieshasgainedaratingof7.9outof10ontheforeignreviewcompanyIMDbandhasaccumulated5millionviewsonYouTube,oneofthe53(popular)videoplatformsintheworld.GaoChangli,director-generaloftheTVdramadepartmentattheNationalRadioandTelevisionAdministration,saidthatthedramacontainsalotofthoughtsandknowledge54(inspire)byChina’straditionalphilosophyandculture,55(offer)adistinctiveedgeforhomegrowntalesintheworld’ssci-filandscape.Healsomentionedthatthedramahasbeen56preparationandproductionforsevenyearsandhasdoneagoodjobofbringingtolifethetypical57(scene)describedinthenovel.Producershavealsorevealedthatcurrentlythey58(produce)Three-BodyⅡ:TheDarkForest,59isthesecondepisodeinLiuCixin’sRemembranceofEarth’sPasttrilogy.Meanwhile,morequalityworkswillbeproducedto60(positive)publicizeChinesecultureintheoverseasmarkets.7.（2023·山东日照·统考三模）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.DuringtheMayDayholiday,numerousmessagesofpeoplelookingfordazi,oractivitypartnersfortraveling,61(post)onthesocialmediaplatformXiaohongshu.Earlierthisyear,severaldazi-relatedtopicswereamongthemostsearched-forhashtagsonSinaWeibo,62(stimulate)heateddiscussionsamongyoungpeople.Insomeways,activitiesusingdazihavebecome63newformofsocialcommunication.64friendships,theconceptofdaziismorecustomizable(定制的).Itis65(definite)centeredoncompanionshipfields.Theideaissimple—randomindividualscometogether66(join)inanactivitytheyallenjoy.Withoneorseveraldazi,peoplecanexperiencedeeperfunintheactivitiestheyareinterestedin.Inadditiontothe67(share)interests,anothermajoradvantageofdazicomparedtonormalrelationships68(be)itssimplicity,somedaziareonlytemporary,butevenlonger-lastingonesarecastinthesamemould(模式),wherethetopicsdiscussedtendtobefocusedandrelaxed.“69mymealdazidoesn’tgotoschoolsomeday,I’llnotbesosadfortherestoftheday.”saidShiZhimin,a17-year-oldstudentfromShanxiprovince.“Traditionalfriendshipsrequirealotoftimeandemotiontomaintain,70havingadazimeansnotneedingtocarrythoseburdens,”sheadded.8.（2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheOlympicsareaseriesofinternationalathleticcompetitionsheldindifferentcountries.They’re71importantmulti-sporteventthattakesplaceeveryfouryears.FortheOlympics,participantsfromallovertheworldtrainforyearsandtrytheirbest72(win).PierreCoubertin,aFrenchman,73(found)theInternationalOlympicCommittee(IOC)in1894.Hewasonceateacherandhistorian.Inhishonor,Frenchhadtheofficialstatus(地位)and74(prior)overotherlanguagesaltheOlympics.AccordingtotheOlympicCharter,EnglishandFrencharetheofficiallanguagesoftheOlympics.Therefore,everyparticipantneedstohavetheirdocuments75(translate)inbothlanguages.Besides,real-timeinterpretationsinArabic,German,Russian,andSpanishmustbeavailableforallsessions.TheIOChasacompleteguideforthose76wanttoapplytothesecontests.FrenchhasthestatusofbeingthefirstofficiallanguageforOlympiceventsanditwasthelanguageofdiplomacy(外交)inthebeginning.Butlater,morecountriesconsidered77(participate)inthiscontest.TheIOCthenmadeFrenchandEnglishtheofficiallanguagesoftheOlympics.78(actual),morethan100countriesintheworldspeakEnglishnow.Besides,almosteverycountryhasmade79amustthatchildrenlearnEnglishinschoolsandcolleges.This80(influence)statushascausedtheIOCtomakeEnglishoneoftheofficiallanguages.9.（2023·山东青岛·统考三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ColorsareimportanttoChineseculture.Thethreemaincolors81(consider)luckyinpeople’sdailylivesaswellasonspecialoccasionsarered,yellow,andgreen.FamouslypopularinrelationtoanythingChinese,redisthenationalcolorrepresentinghappiness,goodluck,successandgoodfortune,whichis82(wide)usedduringfestivalsandimportanteventslikeweddings.Redlanternsdecorate83(business)andresidences.Doublerowsofred“Xi”lettersarepastedongatesanddoors.Yellow—correspondingtoearth—symbolizedroyaltyinancientChina84wasreservedfortheemperor.ThefirstEmperorofChinawasknownastheYellowEmperor.Chinawasoftenreferredtoas“YellowEarth”,and85(it)motherriveristheYellowRiver.LookingdownattheForbiddenCityfromBeijingJingMountain,onecanseeasea86yellow-glazedtileroofs.Greenisthecolorofwealth,hopeandgrowth,commonlybelievedtorepresentpurityandcleanness.Manybuildings87(paint)ingreennowadays,asisoftenthecasewithbanks,postofficesandsomerestaurants.88(package)milkorproduceingreeni