职称英语理工类a级模拟14

职称英语理工类A级模拟14

第1部分：词汇选项

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给

的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

1>Mybestfrienddisgracedhisathleticsteambycheating.

A.didn1trespectB.lostthehonour

C.broughtshameonD.didn1tpraise

2、Ithoughttherulenotallowingwomentocompetewascompletelyabsurd.

A.ridiculousB.annoying

C.meanD.splendid

3、AfterwhatIhaveheard,Ihavenoinclinationtogotoherhome.

A.influenceB.wish

C.tendencyD.need

4、I'mspeakingonbehalfofmyfriendJohn.

A.inplaceofB.infrontof

C.directlyaboutD.withregardto

5、Herpeerswereherworstcritics.

A.studentsB.equals

C.teachersD.subordinates

6、Thereiscertainlysometruthtothatcharge,andourrecentfinancialpolicies

haven*thelped.

A.physicalB.fiscal

C.economicalD.capital

7、Althoughthemen1smovementandtheanxietyitexpressesarecity-based,

thedisputeiswidespread.

A.contestB.deliberation

C.disturbanceD.debate

8、Hersheyparkbeganintegratingrecyclingintoitspublicinformationprograms

morethanfiveyearsago.

A.includingB.incorporating

C.indicatingD.indulging

9、John1sparentsbroughthimuptobeverythrifty.

A.miserlyB.carefulwithmoney

C.meantopeopleD.profitable

10>"It'sbeenaprivilegetomeetyou,sir,ntheyoungmansaidtotheartist

ashewasleaving.

A.apleasureB.anambition

C.anhonourD.asadoccasion

11>Fortunatelyzwhenmycarbrokedowninthecountry,Ihadmymobilewith

me.

A.AccidentallyB.Fatally

C.LuckilyD.Bychance

12、OneoftheNobelEconomicsPrizewinneroncesaid：11Everyleisureact

hasaneconomicpayoffforsomeone.n

A.rewardB.loss

C.claimD.disadvantage

13>Thethiefranawaywithtwoovercoatsandajacket.

A.brokeawayB.brokeout

C.madeoffD.madeout

14、Tomymindhisintegrityisabovesuspicion.

A.modestyB.intelligence

C.uprightnessD.capability

15、Theyoungmanistoobashfultospeaktostrangers.

A.shyB.haughty

C.indifferentD.upset

第2部分：阅读判断

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如

果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该

句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。

Pubicresponsetotechnologyoftenvariesinpeculiarways.While

biotechnology,forexample,givesrisetoorganizedopposition,information

technology,whichisactuallynolessinvasive（侵害者），nomoreharmless,

iswelcomedor,attheleast,acceptedwithcomparativelylittledebate.

Informationtechnologies—fromcomputerstocommunications—haveobviously

hadanoverwhelmingsocialimpactandtheirbenefitshardlyneedexplanations.

Buttheyhavealsodisturbedprivacyandthreatenedcivilliberties.

Computerizeddatabanksempowerbureaucraticauthoritiesbyprovidingeasy

accesstopersonalinformation—aboutcreditratingszsocial

performance,housingandmedicalhistories.Theywillallowaccesstogenetic

figures,providinginformationaboutourtendenciestoemployerszinsurers,

productadvertiserszbanksandotherinstitutionsthatexercisecontrolover

ourlives.Computerizationallowsthesevereextensionofadvertisingthrough

telemarketingrequeststhatshamelesslyintrudeourhomelife.Information

technologieshavedisplacedpeoplefromjobsandturnedpotentiallyskilled

workersintolow-levelcomputertechnicianszcomputershavefacilitatedthe

workofscholars,butalsoturnedthemintotypists；yetonehearshardly

acomplaint.Theyhaveturnedthesimpleactofbuyingaplaneticketinto

anendlessmanipulation（控制）,butwewelcometheso-calledconvenience.They

haveencouragednewformsofcrimeandfraud（欺诈）,butwedescribethemwith

grudgingadmiration.Theyhaveallowednewtypesofevilweaponry,butwe

callthem'*smartbombsn.Perhapsthemostimportant,informationtechnologies

haveextendedthepowerofthemassmedia,creatingunusualpossibilities

forpoliticalmanipulation,reducingaccountability（有责任，有义务），and

changingthenatureofpoliticallife.Itistruethattherearecritiques付比

评）ofinformationtechnologiesfromthoseprofessionallyconcernedabouttheir

problematiclegal,socialandpoliticalimplications.Thereisaneartotal

absence,however,oforganizedpublicconcernabouttechnologieswith

profoundandproblematicimplications.

16、Accordingtotheauthor,informationtechnologyhasnothingpositiveto

say.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Informationtechnologyhasnotgivenrisetoorganizedopposition.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Thebenefitsbroughtbyinformationtechnologyisquiteevident.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Bytheterm"computerization"theauthormeansthatcomputerplaysan

importantroleinoureconomiclife.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Whatworriestheauthormostisthatourprivacywillbethreatenedby

businessman.

A.RightB.WrongC.Not

mentioned

21>Thosewhocriticizedinformationtechnologiesarethosewhobenefitleast

frominformationtechnologies.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Theauthorarguesthatbiotechnologyplaysanimportantroleinoureveryday

life.

A.RightB.WrongC.Not

mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为

规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；⑵第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确

选项，分别完成每个句子。

Beforeyoucanuseafaxmodem,youmustspecifyitasactive.Also,only-

onefaxmodemcanbeusedatatime.Ifyouhavemorethanoneavailable,

youneedtospecifywhichoneyouwanttobeactive.MakesurethatMailis

closedandtheOutboxisemptybeforeyouspecifytheactivemodem.

2.Ifyouplantouseafaxmodemlocatedonanothercomputeronyournetwork,

youneedtospecifythenameofthecomputerandthenameoftheshareddirectory.

Youmayalsoneedtosupplyapasswordfortheshareddirectory.Yourworkgroup

administratororthepersonwhosefax.modemitiscangiveyouthisinformation.

3.Whenyoushareafaxmodem,anyoneusingthenetworkcanconnectto

ittosendfaxes.BecauseofthiszyoumightreceivefaxesforOtherpeople

inadditiontofaxesintendedforyou.Youneedtoforwardfaxesintended

forothers.

4.YoucansendafaxfromMailorfromanapplication.Whenyousenda

faxfromMail,yourfaxcanincludeotherdocumentsthatyouattach.When

yousendafaxfromanapplication,thecurrentdocumentbecomesthefaxmessage.

Youcansendthesamemessagetoboth1MailandPCFaxrecipientsatthesame

timebyusingacombinationofmailandfaxaddresses.Ifyousendmanyfaxes

tothesamerecipients,youcanavoidhavingtotypethefaxnumbereachtime

byaddingfaxnumberstoyourPersonalAddressBookinMail.

5.YoucanusethePersonalAddressBookinMailtostorecommonlyused

faxnumbersinadditiontocommonlyusedmailaddresses.Youdonotneedto

includetherecipient*snamewhenyoutypeafaxaddress.However,ifyou

haveselectedtheoptioninMailtoaddrecipientsautomaticallytothePersonal

AddressBook,andyouuseanameinthefaxaddress,theaddressisadded

bynameratherthanbyfaxnumber.

6.Youcanreceiveafaxdirectlyviaafaxmodemonyourcomputer,or

anotherpersonwhohasafaxmodemontheircomputercanuseMailtoforward

afaxtoyou.Ineithercase,incomingfaxesappearexactlylikeincoming

mailmessagesinyourMailInbox.Youcanviewafaxonyourscreen,print

it,saveitonyourharddisk,replytoitzorforwardit.

23>Paragraph3

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26>Paragraph6

A.AddingFaxNumberstothePersonalAddressBook

B.SpecifyingtheActiveFaxModem

C.ReceivingaFax

D.SendingaFax

E・SharingYourFaxModem

F.UsingaFaxModemontheNetwork

27>Youcanuseyourcomputerequippedwithafaxmodemto

28>Youcannotusemorethanonefaxmodem

29、Whenyoushareafaxmodem,youmightreceivefaxesforotherpeople

30>Whenyoureceiveafax,youcan

A.saveitonyourharddisk

B.sendandreceivefaxes

C.setuphardwareforthefaxmodem

D.atatree

E.clicktheClosebuttononthetoolbar

F.inadditiontofaxesintendedforyou

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短

文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

弟m

Manyfeaturessimilartothoseaeronauticalinnovationsdevelopedbyman

canbeobservedamongstbirdszinsectsandplants.Attimes,observations

ofthesenaturalphenomenahaveinspiredmantoimitatenatureandmodify

existingdesigns.Atothertimes,thenaturalexamplehasonlybeenrecognized

wellaftergreatamountsoftimeandvaluablematerialshavebeendevoted

torefiningasimilarhumaninvention.

Birdsdeservecreditnotmerelyfordemonstratingflightwaspossiblez

butforprovidingtemplatesfortheshapeofaircraftwings.Thewingsof

birdssuggestedthepatternforleadingedgewingslotsthatimproveascent

atslowspeedsandforconicalcamberedwingtipsthatincreaseliftandstability

Othercharacteristicsofbirdwingszsuchasatrailingedgeflaptoaidin

smoothlandingszwerenotrecognizedasimportantuntiltheyhadbeendesigned

independentlybyaeronauticalengineers.Considerableresearcheffortin

aeronauticscouldprobablyhavebeensavedbymorethoroughanalysisofbird

flight.

Theinsectworldhasalsocontributedsignificantideasintherealmsof

navigationandguidance.Inordertoaidairlinenavigationduringtake-offs

andlandingsunderadverseweatherconditionszengineersdevelopedasystem

forlocatingthesunwhenitwashiddenbycloudsthroughobservingpolarized

light—lightwhichtravelsinasingledirection.Theresearchwasinstigated（鼓

励，激发）afterstudiesofhoneybeesdemonstratedthattheyusedthismechanism

todeterminetheirlocationwhentheskywasdarkened.Inanothercreditto

theinsectworld,theevasiveguidancesystemsofcertainmissilesuseangular

accelerationdetectorsmodeledafterthemulti-lensedeyesofhouseflieswhich

amplifysubtlemovementsbysplittingimagesintoamosaic（马赛克）resembling

alargedisplayoftelevisionstunedtothesamechannel.

Evenentitieswhichnevertakeflightthemselvesareresponsibleforguiding

thehandofaeronauticalengineers.Thewingedseedofapalmtreewasthe

modelforanearlyglider,andthesingle-winged,autorotatingmapleseed

wastheprototypeforameansofair-droppingcargobyparachute.

31、Theauthorarguesthatmoneyforaeronauticalresearchmoneycouldbe

investedmoreefficientlyif_______.

A.moreadvancedproductswereusedinairplanes

B.moreresearchwasdevotedtostudyingbirdflight

C.greatereffortsweredirectedtowardsshapedesignsofaircraftwings

D.greateremphasiswasputonguidancesystems

32、ThewordHtemplates'*（Para2）isclosestinmeaningto.

A.patternsB.outlooks

C.fakesD.imitations

33、Whataspectofairplaneflightwasinspiredbybeeobservations?

A.Landingmanner.B.Lowspeedtake-off

C.Poor-weatherguidancesystem.D.Evasiveguidancesystems.

34、Researchrelatedtomissileguidancesystemsimpliesthat.

A.housefliesaremulti-eyed

B.housefliesaremoreintelligentthanisgenerallyrealized

C.houseflieshavesophisticatedmovementdetectors

D.housefliescanlocatethesunwhetherinthedayoratnight

35、Whatdoestheword"prototype"(Para4)mean?

A.modelB.stereotype

C.exampleD.figure

弟一^扁

Mostofthepioneersoflow-temperaturephysicsexpectedgasestoliquefy,

butnoneofthempredictedsuperconductivity.Thisphenomenonwasdiscovered

in1911byOnneswhilehewasstudyingfrozenmercury.

Morethan40yearspassedbeforephysicistswereabletoofferanexplanation

forsuperconductivity.Theacceptedtheory,developedinthe1950s,holds

thatthefundamentalbehaviorofelectronschangesatverylowtemperatures

becauseoftheeffectsofquantummechanics.Electronsaretinyparticles

thatmakeuptheouterpartofanatom,circlingrapidlyaroundthenucleus

oftheatom.Inaregularconductor—ametalthatconductsanelectriccurrent—the

outermostelectronsarenotboundtightlytotheatoms,andsotheymovearound

relativelyfreely.Theflowoftheseelectronsisanelectriccurrent.

1

Atnormaltemperatureszaconductorselectronscannotmovecompletely

freelythroughthemetalbecausetheyare"bumpedaround"bythemetal'satoms.

Butaccordingtotheleadingtheoryofsuperconductivity,whenametalis

verycold,electronsformpairs.Then,likecouplesmaneuveringonacrowded

dancefloorbutnevercolliding,thepairedelectronsareabletomoveunimpeded

throughthemetal.Inpairingup,itseemsztheelectronsareableto"blend

togetherHandmoveinunisonwithoutresistance.

Thisexplanationseemstoaccountforsuperconductivityatextremelylow

temperatures,butin1986scientistsinSwitzerlandfoundthatsome

metal-containingceramicsaresuperconductorsatmuchhighertemperatures.

By1992zscientistshaddevelopedceramicsthatbecomesuperconductingat

-2971F,andsomeresearchersspeculatedthatroom-temperaturesuperconductors

maybepossible.Scientistsarestilltryingtoformulateatheoryfor

high-temperaturesuperconductivity.

Thenewceramicmaterialscanbemaintainedattheirsuperconducting

temperatures,withrelativelyinexpensiveliquidnitrogenratherthanthe

muchcolderandmuchmorecostlyliquidheliumrequiredbymetalsuperconductors

Thecostdifferencecouldmakesuperconductivitypracticalformanynew

technologies.Forexamplezmagneticallylevitatedtrains,whichrequire

superconductingelectromagnets,wouldbemuchcheapertobuildthantheyare

now.Superconductingdevicesmightalsobeusedforadvancedpowertransmission

linesandinnewtypesofcompactzultrafastcomputers.Butforthetimebeing,

superconductivityisfindingapplicationmostlyinscientificresearchand

insomekindsofmedicalimagingdevices.

36、Theflowofanelectriccurrentinaregularconductorismadepossible

bythefactthat_______.

A.electronscirclerapidlyaroundtheatom

B.theoutermostelectronmoverelativelyfreelyaroundtheatom

C.theinnermostelectronssticktotheatom

D.theoutermostelectronsareboundtightlytotheinnerones

37、Atverylowtemperatures,superconductivityinametaloccurswhere.

A.electronsdonotmovefreelythroughthemetal

B.electronsarecrowdedtogether

C.pairedelectronsmoveuninterruptedly

D.pairedelectrondancetogethertoandfro

38>Theword"bump”inParagraph3maymean.

A.tomakesomethingrunfast

B.tocausetorevolve

C.tomovesmoothly

D.tocollide

39、Thebreakthroughmadeinsuperconductivityin1992isremarkablebecause

A.metal-containingceramicsturnedouttobesuperconductors

B.higher-temperaturesuperconductivitywasmadepossible

C.ceramicswerefoundtobesuperconductors

D.room-temperaturesuperconductorsweredeveloped

40、Thebestadvantageofnewceramicmaterialsovermetalsuperconductors

is

A.theirinexpensivecost

B.theirmorepracticaluses

C.theirbetterqualityinconductivity

D.theirnatureformulti-application

第三篇

Volcanicfireandglacialicearenaturalenemies.Eruptionsatglaciated

volcanoestypicallydestroyicefieldszastheydidin1980when70percent

ofMountSaintHelensicecoverwasdemolished.Duringlongdormantintervals,

glaciersgaintheupperhandcuttingdeeplyintovolcanicconesandeventually

reducingthemtorubble.Onlyrarelydothesecompetingforcesofheatand

coldoperateinperfectbalancetocreatephenomenonsuchasthesteamcaves

atMountRainierPark.

LocatedinsideRainier*stwoice-filledsummitcraters,thesecavesform

alabyrinthoftunnelsandvaultedchambersaboutoneandone-halfmilesin

totallength.Theircreationdependsonanunusualcombinationoffactors

thatnaturealmostneverbringstogetherinoneplace.Thecave-makingrecipe

callsforasteadyemissionofvolcanicgasandheatzaheavyannualsnowfall

atanelevationhighenoughtokeepitfrommeltingduringthesummer,and

abowl-shapedcratertoholdthesnow.

SnowaccumulatingyearlyinRainier*ssummitcratersiscompactedand

compressedintoadenseformoficecalledfirn,asubstancemidwaybetween

ordinaryiceandthedensercrystallineicethatmakesupglaciers.Heatrising

fromnumerousopenings(calledfumaroles)alongtheinnercraterwallsmelts

outchambersbetweentherockywallsandtheoverlyingicepack.Circulating

currentsofwarmairthenmeltadditionalopeninginthefirnice,eventually

connectingtheindividualchambersand,inthelargerofRainier1stwocraters,

formingacontinuouspassagewaythatextendstwo-thirdsofthewayaround

thecrater1sinterior.

Tomaintainthecavesystem,theelementsoffireundericemustremain

inequilibrium,Enoughsnowmustfillthecratereachyeartoreplacethat

meltedfrombelow.Iftoomuchvolcanicheatisdischarged,thecrater1s

icepackwillmeltawayentirelyandthecaveswillvanishalongwiththe

snowsofyesteryear.Iftoolittleheatisproduced,theicereplenishedannually

bywintersnowstormswillexpand,pushingagainsttheenclosingcraterwails

andsmotheringthepresentcavernsinsolidfirnice.

41>Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

A.TheimportanceofsnowfallforMountRainier.

B.ThesteamcavesofMountRainier.

C.Howicecoversaredestroyed.

D.TheeruptionofMountSaintHelensin1980.

42、Theword"they"(Para.1zLine2)refersto.

A.fieldsB.intervals

C.eruptionsD.enemies

43、Theword"labyrinth"inParagraph2；Sentence1isclosestinmeaning

to

A.mazeB.series

C.groupD.system

44、Thesecondparagraphmentionsallofthefollowingasnecessaryelements

inthecreationofsteamcavesEXCEPT_______.

A.aglacierB.acrater

C•heatD.snow

45、Accordingtothepassage,heatfromMountRainier1ssummit,cratersrises

from_______.

A.crystallineiceB.rims

C.chambersD.fumaroles

第5部分：补全短文

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文

字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Thereareabout350speciesofsharks.Thelargestsharksarethewhale

sharkandthebaskingshark,whichfeedonplanktonandsmallfish.Theadult

whalesharkgrowstoabout13meterslong,whilethebaskingsharkextends

alittleover8meters.46Ontheotherhand,thereareanumberofthemwhich

haveattackedandkilledswimmers.Thesesharksincludethegreathammerhead,

bluezwhitetip,and,ofcourse,thegreatwhiteshark.

47Thegreatwhitegrowstobetween5and8meterslongandcanweigh

morethan1300kilograms.Itcanswimthroughtheeateratspeedsreaching

32kilometersperhour.However,oneofthefastestswimmersintheshark

familyistheblueshark,whichcanswimataspeedofnearly752kilometers

perhour.

48Theycangrowaslongas5c