英语阅读(一)自考题-9

英语阅读（一）自考题-9

（总分：100.00,做题时间：90分钟）

一、{{B}}第一部分选择题{{/B}}（总题数：0,分数：0.00）

二、{{B}}I.CAREFULREADING{{/B}}（总题数:0,分数:0,00）

三、{{B}}Passage1{{/B}}（总题数：L分数：10.00）

SincetheSecondWorldWar,therehasbeenanobvioustrend,

especiallyamongthegrowinggroupofcollegestudents,towardearly

marriage.Manyyouthsbegindatinginthefirststagesof

adolescence,〃gosteady"throughhighschool,andmarrybeforetheir

formaleducationhasbeencompleted.Insomequarters,thereismuch

shakingofgrayingheadsoverthewaysofrebelliousyouth.However,

emotionalmaturitydoesnotgrowwithage;itdoesnotarrive

automaticallyattwenty-oneortwenty-five.Someachieveit

surprisinglyearly,whileothersneverdo,eveninthree-scoreyears

andten.

Manystudentsaremarryingasanescape,notonlyfroman

unsatisfyinghomelife,butalsofromtheirownpersonalproblemsof

isolationandloneliness.However,anymarriageenteredintoasan

escapecannotproveentirelysuccessful.Thesadfactisthat

marriageseldomsolvesone，sproblems;moreoften,itmerelyworsens

them.Furthermore,itisdoubtfulwhetherthehomeiscapableof

carryingallthattheyoungareseekingtoputintoit;onemightsay

thattheyareabandoningoneidolonlytoworshipanother.Young

peoplecorrectlyunderstandthattheirparentsarewronginbelieving

thatsuccessistheultimategood,buttheythemselvesarewrongin

believingthattheyhavefoundthetruecenteroflife，smeaning.

Theirexpectationsofmarriageareessentiallyunrealisticand

thereforeincapableoffulfillment.Theywanttoomuch,andtragic

disillusionmentisoftenboundtofollow.

Shallwe,then,jointhechorusofthoseagainstearlymarriages?One

cannotgeneralize,allearlymarriagesarenotbadanymorethanall

lateronesaregood.Satisfactorymarriagesredeterminednotbyhow

oldoneis,butbytheemotionalmaturityofthepartners.Therefore,

eachcasemustbejudgedonitsownmerits.Iftheearlymarriageis

notanescape,ifitisenteredintowithrelativelyfewillusionsor

falseexpectations,andifitiseconomicallyfeasible,whynot?Good

marriagescanbemadefromsixteentosixty,andsocanbadones.(分

数：10.00)

(1).Thephrase“gosteady*(para.1)canbereplacedby.

A.breakupveryoften

B.keepchangingpartners

C.maintaintherelationship

D.believeinearlymarriages

(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］题干实际是问g。steady的含义。字面可理解为“保持稳定”，根据第一段段意可知，A、

B、D项都不合题意。

(2).Thephrase“shakingofgrayingheads”(para.1)refersto.

A.theangerofparents

B.thedisapprovalofoldpeople

C.theradicalbehaviorsoftheyoung

D.theunrulymannersofyounglovers

(分数：2.00)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］题干问，shakingofgrayingheads是指谁。字面意思是头发花白的老人摇头，引申一下

是指“老人不同意”。

(3).Besidesescapingfromunsatisfyinghomelife,youngpeoplealsomarryearly.

A.forpersonaldevelopment

B.forfinancialsupport

C.togetridoftheirloneliness

D.tostayawayfromtheirparents

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］题干问，除了逃避令人不满意的家庭生活外，年轻人结婚早还为了什么。由文中第二段第

一句可知，...butalsofromtheirownpersonalproblemsofisolationandloneliness,C项”为

了摆脱孤独”正确。

(4).Accordingtotheauthor,marriagemoreoftenthannot.

•A.endsupindivorce

•B.leadstotragedies

•C.provestobesuccessful

•D.worsensone'sproblems

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］题于问，对于作者来说，婚姻常常怎样。moreoftenthannot意为“通常，往往”，由

文中第二段第四行可知，moreoften,itmerelyworsensthem,D项“使问题恶化”正确。

（5）.Theauthorarguesthat.

•A.olderpeoplesuspectear1ymarriages

•B.earlymarriagesshouldnotbeencouraged

•C.earlymarriagesarenotalwaysunsuccessful

•D.olderpeoplearewrongaboutearlymarriages

（分数:2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］题干问，作者讨论了什么。由文中最后一段可知，令人满意的婚姻并不是由一个人的岁数

决定，而是由配偶的感情成熟来决定的。因此Iftheearlymarriage...whynot?暗含的意思是“早婚

并不总是不成功的”。

四、{{B}}Passage2{{/B}}（总题数：1,分数：10.00）

OnaJanuarydayin1975,KenandCatalinaBruggerwanderedthrough

anancientforestinMexicoonahighmountainslopeeightymiles

westofMexicoCity.Theairwasdampandcool.Theskywascloudy,

solittlelightreachedthroughthetrees.AstheBruggerswalked

along,theyrealizedtheywerehearingaquiet,constantnoise.It

waslikerainfallingonthefiretrees.Buttherewasnorain.They

lookedaroundforthesourceofthesound.Suddenly,sunlightbroke

throughthecloudsandlituptheforest.TheBruggersgaspedin

delight.Allaroundthem,thetreesshimmeredwiththebeatingof

brilliantorangeandblackwings.TheBruggersweresurroundedby

millionsofmonarchbutterflies,restingintheirwinterhome.

TheBrugger，sdiscoverywasimportantintheworldofbutterfly

study.Butterflyloversknewthat,lateeverysummer,monarchs

migratefromCanadaintoMexico.Morethan300millionofthefragile

creaturesmakethe2,500-mileflight.Butnooneknewwhatbecameof

thebutterfliesoncetheyreachedMexico.Withinthenextfewyears,

twelvemoremonarchroostswerediscovered.Theywereallalongthe

samemountainrangewheretheBruggershadmadetheirfind.Nowthe

mysterywassolved.

Themonarch，sstayinMexicoisjustonepartofanamazinglife

cycle.Everyspring,inMexico,femalemonarchslayenormousnumbers

ofeggs.Onefemalemaylaymorethanfourhundredamonth.She

attacheshereggstomilkweedplants.Themilkweedprovidesaperfect

firsthomefortheyoungmonarchs.Becausemilkweedispoisonousto

mostcreatures,birdsandotherbutterflyenemiesavoidit.But

monarchslovemilkweed.Theeggshatchinthreetotwelvedays,and

outcomewormlikelarvae（幼虫）whichfeedonthemilkplant.The

poisondoesnothurtthem.Butitdoeshaveanimportanteffect.It

makesthemonarchaspoisonousastheplantwas.Abirdthateatsa

monarchwillbecomeverysickandnevereatanotherone.

Afterlivingfortwoweeksaslarvae,themonarchsattachthemselves

toleaves.Thentheyspincocoons（茧）・Afteraweek,thecocoons

openandthebutterfliesemerge,soontobegintheir2,500-mile

flightnorthwards.Manyofthemdieastheypassthroughsuch

southernstatesasTexasandLouisiana.Butfirsttheylaymoreeggs.

Afterafewweeks,anewgenerationofmonarchsisreadytocontinue

thejourney.Theyortheirchildrenorgrandchildrenwillreach

Canada,wheretheyspendthesummer.（分数：io.oo）

（1）.TheBruggersdidnotknowwherethequiet,constantnoisecamefrombecauseitwas

•A.raining

•B.cloudy

•C.toobright

•D.windy

（分数:2.00）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。"Brugger一家不知道轻轻的、连续的噪音从何而来，原因是什么？”B选项“多

云”，是正确答案。文中第一段说Thesky...constantnoise。

（2）.Bythetimethearticlewaswritten,peoplehaddiscovered____.

A.1monarchroost

•B.12monarchroosts

•C.13monarchroosts

•D.400monarchroosts

(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。”当作者写这篇文章的时候，人们已经发现了什么？"C选项“13个大蝴蝶栖

木”，是正确答案。文中第二段说Butterflylovers...werediscoveredo可见，一共有13个栖木。

(3).BeforetheBrugger,sdiscovery,peopledidnotknow.

•A.howmonarchbutterflieslivedinCanada

•B.whenmonarchbutterfliesleftCanada

•C.whathappenedtomonarchbutterfliesinMexico

•D.wheremonarchbutterfliesinMexicocamefrom

(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。”在Brugger的发现以前，人们不知道什么？"C选项“大蝴蝶在墨西哥发生了什

么”，是正确答案。文中第二段说Butnooneknewwhatbecameofthebutterfliesoncethey

reachedMexico<,A选项“大蝴蝶如何在加拿大生存”；B选项“大蝴蝶是什么时候离开加拿大的”;I)

选项“墨西哥的大蝴蝶来自哪里”。

(4).Themonarchbutterfliesmaketheirwinterhomein.

•A.Canada

•B.Mexico

•C.theU.S.

•D.TexasorLouisiana

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。“大蝴蝶在哪里建立冬天的家？”B选项“墨西哥”，是正确答案。文中第一段说

OnaJanuaryday...intheirwinterhome。A选项"加拿大"；C选项"美国"；D选项"得克萨斯或

路易斯安那”。

(5).Thearticleprovidesinformationaboutmonarchs'.

•A.migration,foodandsize

•B.food,sizeandnumber

•C.migration,foodandnumber

•D.migration,numberandsize

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。”文章提供了大蝴蝶的什么信息？"C选项“迁徙、食物和数量”，是正确答案。

依据是文章后两段。A选项“迁徙、食物和大小”；B选项“食物、大小和数量”；D选项“迁徙、数量

和大小”，三个选项都不正确。

五、{{B}}Passage3{{/B}}（总题数：1,分数：10.00）

Howmanfirstlearnedtoinventwordsisunknown;inotherwords,the

originoflanguageisamystery.Allwereallyknowisthatmen

unlikeanimals,somehowinventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughts

andfeelings,actionsandthings,sothattheycouldcommunicatewith

eachother;andthatlatertheyagreeduponcertainsigns,called

letters,whichcouldbecombinedtorepresentthosesoundsandwhich

couldbewrittendown.Thosesounds,whetherspokenorwrittenin

letters,wecallwords.

Thepowerofwords,then,liesintheirassociationthethingsthey

bringupbeforeourminds.Wordsbecomefilledwithmeaningforusby

experience;andthelongerwelive,themorecertainwordsrecallto

usthegladandsadeventsofourpast;andthemorewereadand

learn,themorenumberofwordsthatmeansomethingtousincreases.

Greatwriters,arethosewhonotonlyhavegreatthoughtsbutalso

expressthesethoughtsinwordswhichappeal^powerfullytoourminds

andemotion.Thischarmingandtellinguseofwordsiswhatwecall

literarystyle.Aboveall,therealpoetisamasterofwords.Hecan

conveyhismeaninginwordsbysinginglikemusic,andwhichbytheir

positionandassociationcanmovemantotears.Weshould,therefore,

learntochooseourwordscarefullyandusethemaccurately,orthey

willmakeourspeechsillyandvulgar.（分数：10.00）

（1）.Theoriginoflanguageis_____.

•A.alegendhandeddownfromthepast

•B.amatterthatishiddenorsecret

•C.aquestiondifficulttoanswer

•D.aproblemnotyetsolved

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。首句中inotherwords意思是“换句话说”，所连接的部分意思等同，由此可

知，我们不知道语言是如何形成的。即语言的起源依然是一个谜。

(2).Oneofthereasonswhymaninventedcertainsoundstoexpressthoughtsandactionswas

that.

•A.theycouldagreeuponcertainsigns

•B.theycouldwritethemdown

•C.theycouldcommunicatewitheachother

•D.theycouldcombinethem

(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。从第一段第二句"...sothattheycouldcommunicatewitheachother”可

知，人类创造某种声音来表达思想和行为是为了相互交流。

(3).Whatistrueaboutwords?

•A.Theycannotbewrittendown.

•B.Theycanbewrittendown.

•C.Theyaresimplesounds.

•D.Theyaremysterious.

(分数:2.00)

A.

B.

C.V

D.

解析：［解析］细节题°从第一段最后一句"Thosesounds...wecallwordsw可知，words其实就是一

些简单的声音。

(4).Therealpowerofwordsexistsintheir.

•A.properties

•B.characteristics

•C.peculiarity

•D.representativefunctions

(分数：2.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］推理题。从第一段可知，人们创造言语就是为了互相交流，而第二段第一句也指出言语的

能力存在于对出现在我们脑海中事物的表达，可见其力量蕴含在其表达作用中。

(5).Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

•A.Themorewereadandlearn,themoreignorantweare.

•B.Themorewereadandlearn,themoreconfusedwewillbe.

C.Themorewereadandlearn,themorelearnedweare.

D.Themorewereadandlearn,themoresnobbishwebecome.

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。从第二段可知，我们读得学得越多，就会知道越多对我们有意义的言语。可以推

出，我们读得越多，学到的就越多。

六、{{B}}Passage4{{/B}}（总题数：1,分数：10.00）

Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwaysfrom

othersofthesameage.Forthesechildrentodeveloptotheirfull

adultpotential,theireducationmustbeadaptedtothose

differences.

Althoughwefocusontheneedsofexceptionalchildren,wefind

ourselvesdescribingtheirenvironmentaswell.Whiletheleading

actoronthestagecapturesourattention,weareawareofthe

importanceofthesupportingplayersandthesceneryoftheplay

itself.Boththefamilyandthesocietyinwhichexceptionalchildren

liveareoftenthekeytotheirgrowthanddevelopment.Anditisin

thepublicschoolsthatwefindthefullexpressionofsociety,

understandingtheknowledge,hopes,andfearsthatarepassedonto

thenextgeneration.

Educationinanysocietyisamirrorofthatsociety.Inthatmirror

wecanseethestrengths,theweaknesses,thehopes,theprejudice,

andthecentralvaluesofthecultureitself.Thegreatinterestin

exceptionalchildrenshowninpubliceducationoverthepastthree

decadesindicatesthestrongfeelinginoursocietythatall

citizens,whatevertheirspecialconditions,deservetheopportunity

tofullydeveloptheircapabilities.

“Allmenarecreatedequal.We'vehearditmanytimes,butitstill

hasimportantmeaningforeducationinAmerica.Althoughthephrase

wasusedbythiscountry，sfounderstodenoteequalitybeforethe

law,ithasalsobeeninterpretedtomeanequalityofopportunity.

Thatconceptimplieseducationalopportunityforallchildren一the

rightofeachchildtoreceivehelpinlearningtothelimitsofhis

orhercapacity,whetherthatcapacitybesmallorgreat.Recent

courtdecisionshaveconfirmedtherightofallchildren一disabledor

not-toanappropriateeducation,andhaveorderedthatpublic

schoolstakethenecessarystepstoprovidethateducation.In

response,schoolsaremodifyingtheirprograms,adaptinginstruction

tochildrenwhoareexceptional,tothosewhocannotprofit

substantiallyfromregularprograms.（分数：io.00）

（1）.InParagraph2,theauthorcitestheexampleoftheleadingactoronthestagetoshow

that.

•A.thegrowthofexceptionalchildrenhasmuchtodowiththeirfamiliesandthe

society

•B.exceptionalchildrenaremoreinfluencedbytheirfamiliesthannormalchildren

are

•C.exceptionalchildrenarethekeyinterestofthefamilyandsociety

•D.theneedsofthesocietyweighmuchheavierthantheneedsoftheexceptional

children

（分数：2.00）

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］意图判断题。第二段谈到，舞台上的主角引人注目，但我们都知道配角和场景的重要性。

接着又说特殊儿童生活的家庭和社会对他们的成长和发展十分关键。

（2）.Thereasonwhyexceptionalchildrenreceivesomuchconcernineducationisthat

•A.theyareexpectedtobeleadersofthesociety

•B.theymightbecomeaburdenofthesociety

•C.theyshouldfullydeveloptheirpotentials

•D.disabledchildrendeservespecialconsideration

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。文章第一段就告诉我们特殊儿童在一些特别的方面与同龄人不同。接着，指出对

于这些特殊儿童，为了发展他们自身正常人的潜能，必须调整教育方法以适应他们的特点。

（3）.Thispassagemainlydealswith.

•A.thedifferencesofchildrenintheirlearningcapabilities

•B.thedefinitionofexceptionalchildreninmodernsociety

•C.specialeducationalprogramsforexceptionalchildren

•D.thenecessityofadaptingeducationtoexceptionalchiIdren

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

c.

D.J

解析：［解析］主旨题。文章开篇就说明超常儿童与一般儿童有显著区别。他们的成长与所处的环境息息

相关。接着谈到教育是反映社会的镜子，社会中人人应该机会平等。特殊儿童也该受到与他们能力相适应

的教育。

（4）.Fromthispassagewelearnthattheeducationalconcernforexceptionalchildren.

•A.isnowenjoyinglegalsupport

•B.disagreeswiththetraditionofthecountry

•C.wasclearlystatedbythecountry*sfounders

•D.willexertgreatinfluenceovercourtdecisions

（分数：2.00）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。最后一段谈到最近的法院决议确保了儿童受到相应教育的权利，并命令学校采取

必要措施提供相应的教育。因此，选项A“得到法律支持”是正确的。

（5）.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

•A.Exceptionalchildrenrefertothosewithmentalorphysicalproblems.

•B.Theauthoruses"Allmenarecreatedequal"tocountertheschoolprogramfor

exceptionalchildren.

•C.RecentcourtdecisionsconfirmtherightsofexceptionalchiIdrentolearnwith

regularchiIdren.

•D.Regularschoolprogramsfailtomeettherequirementstodevelopthepotentialof

exceptionalchildren.

（分数：2.00）

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］推理题。文中引用美国宪法中的话“人生来是平等的”，不是为了反对学校对特殊儿童的

教育，而是为了说明人人都该有平等的机会，儿童受教育也是如此，所以B选项是错误的；文中最后一段

谈到法院决定儿童无论有否缺陷都要受到相应的、恰当的教育，所以并不要求特殊儿童和正常儿童共同学

习，所以C项也不正确；最后一句话说他们实际上不能从常规教育中受益，从而得出D项正确。

七、{{B}}II.SPEEDREADING{{/B}}（总题数:0,分数：0.00）

八、{{B}}Passage5{{/B}}（总题数：L分数：5.00）

InthelateI960's,manypeopleinNorthAmericaturnedtheir

attentiontoenvironmentalproblems,andnewsteel-and—glass

skyscraperswerewidelycriticized.Ecologistspointedoutthata

clusteroftallbuildingsinacityoftenoverburdenspublic

transportationandparkinglotcapacities.

Skyscrapersarealsolavishconsumers,andwastersofelectricpower.

Inonerecentyear,theadditionof17millionsquarefeetof

skyscraperofficespaceinNewYorkCityraisedthepeakdailydemand

forelectricityby120,000Kilowatts一enoughtosupplytheentire

cityofAlbany,NewYork,foraday.

Glass-walledskyscraperscanbeespeciallywasteful.Theheatloss

(orgain)throughawallofhalf-inchplateglassismorethanten

timesthatthroughatypicalmasonrywallfilledwithinsulation

board.Tolessenthestrainonheatingandair-conditioning

equipment,buildersofskyscrapershavebeguntousedouble-glazed

panelsofglass,andreflectiveglassescoatedwithsilverorgold

mirrorfilmsthatreduceglareaswellasheatgain.However,mirror­

walledskyscrapersraisethetemperatureofthesurroundingairand

affectneighboringbuildings.

Skyscrapersalsointerferewithtelevisionreception,blockbirdfly

ways,andobstructairtraffic.InBostoninthelate1960,s,some

peopleevenfearedthatshadowsfromskyscraperswouldkillthegrass

onBostonCommon.

Still,peoplecontinuetobuildskyscrapersforallthereasonsthat

theyhavealwaysbuiltthem一personalambition,civicpride,andthe

desireofownerstohavethelargestpossibleamountofrentable

space.(分数：5.00)

(1).Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

•A.compareskyscraperswithothermodernstructures

•B.describeskyscrapersandtheireffectsontheenvironment

•C.advocatetheuseofmasonryintheconstructionofskyscrapers

•D.illustratesomearchitecturaldesignsofskyscrapers

(分数:1.00)

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］主旨题。文章第一段点出摩天大楼对环境有影响，接着讲大楼对电的消耗，玻璃壁大楼对

温度的影响和大楼阻碍电视接受信号，对鸟的飞行和空中交通等影响，可见，本文主要口的是为了阐述摩

天大楼对环境的影响。

(2).Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthedisadvantagesofskyscrapersthathave

mirroredwalls?

A.Theexteriorsurroundingairisheated.

B.Thewindowsmustbecleaneddaily.

C.Constructiontimeisincreased.

I）.Extraair-conditioningequipmentisneeded.

（分数：LOO）

A.V

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。从第三段最后一句"However,mirror-walledskyscrapersraisethe

temperatureofthesurroundingair...”可知A项正确。

（3）.Theauthorraisesissuesthatwouldmostconcern.

•A.electricians

•B.environmentalists

•C.aviators

•D.teachers

（分数：1.00）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。作者通篇讲了摩天大楼带给环境的不良影响，可见环保人员将会关注此文中提到

的问题。

（4）.Accordingtothepassage,inthelateI960'ssomeresidentsofBostonwereconcerned

with.

•A.thenoisefromtheirconstruction

•B.theremovaloftreesfrombuildingsites

•C.theharmfuleffectsonthecity,sgrass

•D.thehighcostofrentableofficespace

（分数：1.00）

A.

B.

C.J

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。从第四段第二句可知，20世纪60年代后期，Boston居民害怕大楼遮住了阳光会

使Boston的公共草地消失，即关心大楼对城市草地的不良影响。

（5）.Whereinthepassagedoestheauthorcomparetheenergyconsumptionofskyscraperswith

thatofacity?

•A.2ndparagraph.

•B.3rdparagraph.

•C.4thparagraph.

•D.5thparagraph.

（分数：1.00）

A.J

B.

c.

D.

解析：［解析］推理题。文章第二段提到摩天大楼对电的消费，并以纽约为例说明增加的17,000,000平方

英尺的摩天大楼办公室用地日用电量达120,000千瓦时，这足够Albany整个城市一天的用电。

九、{{B}}Passage6{{/B}}（总题数：1,分数：5.00）

Thegreatpoweroftornadoesisalmostunbelievable.Thespeedof

thiswhirlingfunnelshapedwindmaybemorethan500milesperhour.

Itcantearuptrees,carrybuildingsaway,andcanevenliftlarge

trucksoffthehighway.Thetornadoislikeagiantvacuumsweeper

thatsucksupanythinginitspath.Expertsbelievethatthemost

violentforceofatornadoisfoundinsidethefunnel,whereavacuum

iscreatedbecauseofverylowairpressure.Whenthisvacuummoves

overabuildingwhichisfilledwithairundernormalpressure,the

differencebetweentheairpressureinsidethebuildingandthat

outsidecausesthebuildingtoexplode.Thelargesttornadoonrecord

hadafunnelamilewide.

Therearemanyinterestingstoriesaboutthestrangethingsthat

tornadoeshavedoneintheU.S.Commonwheatstrawhasbeendriven

severalinchesintopostsandtrees.Buildingshavebeenturned

completelyaroundontheirfoundationsandhaveremainedintact.

Peopleandanimalshavebeencarriedhundredsoffeet,often

sufferingnophysicalharm.Feathershavebeenremovedfromchickens.

Cars,trucks,andevenwholefreighttrainshavebeencarriedaway.

Atornadodoesnotlastlong,about20to30minutesontheaverage.

Usuallyitdestroysanareaabout16mileslongandthegreatdamage

thatitdoesinoneplacelastonlyabout30seconds.Tornadoes

normallyoccuronhot,humiddaysbutnotnecessarilyinthesummer.

ThebiggestandmostdestructivetornadointheU.S.struckonMarch

18,1925.Roaringalongataspeedof60milesperhour,itswept

cleanapathamilewideacrossthestatesofMissouri,Illinois,and

Indian.Inits220milelongjourneyacrossthesethreestates,the

tornadokilled689people.

Morethan200tornadoesstrikeintheUnitedStateseveryyear.Itis

notpossibletopredictwhenatornadowillstrikealthoughtheU.S.

WeatherBureaugivesstormwarningswhenconditionsarerightto

causeatornado.Thesafestplacetobeifatornadoseemslikelyis

insomeundergroundareasuchasacellarorabasement.（分数：5.00）

（1）.Lowairpressureinsidefunnelofatornadocreatesa_____.

•A.tension

•B.vacuum

•C.wind

•D.speed

(分数：1.00)

A.

B.V

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。”台风中的低气压将产生什么？”B选项“真空”正确。文中第一段说avacuum

iscreatedbecauseofverylowairpressure。

(2).Atornadomayreachaspeedofmorethan.

•A.500milesperhour

•B.700milesperhour

•C.100milesperhour

•D.50milesperhour

(分数：1.00)

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。“台风的速度可以达到多少？”A选项“每小时500英里”正确。文中第一段说

Thegreatpower...500milesperhour®

(3).Themostfavorablekindofweatherforatornadois.

•A.dryanddusty

•B.coldandwindy

•C.cloudyandrainy

•D.hotandhumid

(分数：1.00)

A.

B.

C.

D.J

解析：［解析］细节题。”最容易发生台风的天气是怎样的？”D选项“又热又潮湿”正确。文中第三段说

Tornadoesnormallyoccuronhot,humiddays...。A选项“又干又有灰尘”；B选项“又冷又有

风”；C选项“多云有雨”。

(4).Thelargestrecordedtornadofunnelwas.

•A.1mile

•B.6miles

•C.10miles

•D.18mile

（分数：LOO）

A.J

B.

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。”有记载的最大的台风是多少？”A选项“1英里”正确。文中第一段说The

largesttornadoonrecordhadafunnelamilewide。答案为A。

（5）.Whichplace（s）isthesafestplacetostayifatornadoseemstohappen?

A.Ontheplayground.

B.Tnsomeundergroundarea.

C.Besidetheriver.

D.Stayatone'sownhome.

（分数：LOO）

A.

B.J

C.

D.

解析：［解析］细节题。由本文最后一句话Thesafestplacetobeifatornadoseemslikelyisin

someundergroundareasuchasacellarorabasement可知躲避龙卷风最安全的地点应是一一些地下

区域。

十、{{B}}第二部分非选择题{{/B}}（总题数：0,分数：0.00）

4--、{{B}}IILDISCOURSECLOZE{{/B}}（总题数:1,分数:10.00）

Thefollowingistakenfromthetextbook.Readthepassageandfillinthenumberedspaces

（therearemoresuggestedanswersthannecessary）.

Ifthematterisonethatcanbesettledbyobservation,makethe

observationyourself.Aristotlecouldhaveavoidedthemistakeof

thinkingthatwomenhavefewerteeththanmen,bythesimpledevice

ofaskingMrs.Aristotletokeephermouthopenwhilehecounted.He

didnotdosobecausehethoughtheknew.{{U}}{{U}}1{{/U}}

{{/U}}.Ibelievemyselfthathedgehogseatblackbeetles,becauseI

havebeentoldthattheydo;butifIwerewritingabookonthe

habitsofhedgehogs,IshouldnotcommitmyselfuntilIhadseenone

enjoyingthisunappetizingdiet.Aristotle,however,wasless

cautious.Ancientandmedievalauthorsknewallaboutunicornsand

salamanders;notoneofthemthoughtitnecessarytoavoiddogmatic

statementsaboutthembecausehehadneverseenoneofthem.

Manymatters,however,arelesseasilybroughttothetestof

experience.{{U}}{{U}}2{{/U}}{{/U}}.Ifanopinioncontraryto

yourownmakesyouangry,thatisasignthatyouaresubconsciously

awareofhavingnogoodreasonforthinkingasyoudo.Ifsomeone

maintainsthattwoandtwoarefive,orthatIcelandisonthe

equator,youfeelpityratherthananger,unlessyouknowsolittle

ofarithmeticorgeographythathisopinionshakesyourowncontrary

conviction.{{U}}{{U}}3{{/U}}{{/U}}.Persecutionisusedin

theology,notinarithmetic,becauseinarithmeticthereis

knowledge,butintheologythereisonlyopinion.Sowheneveryou

findyourselfgettingangryaboutadifferenceofopinion,beonyour

guard;{{U}}{{U}}4{{/U}}{{/U}}.

Agoodwayofridingyourselfofcertainkindsofdogmatismisto

becomeawareofopinionsheldinsocialcirclesdifferentfromyour

own.WhenIwasyoung,Ilivedmuchoutsidemyowncountry一in

France,Germany,Italy,andtheUnitedStates.{{U}}{{U}}5{{/U}}

{{/U}}.Ifyoucannottravel,seekoutpeoplewithwhomyoudisagree,

andreadanewspaperbel