辽宁省抚顺市重点高中2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGEPAGE19辽宁省抚顺市重点中学2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟总分：150分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AThe“happiestplaceonearth”isatopdestinationonmanyfamilies'bucketlists(人生目标清单).ButtakingavacationtoDisneyWorldcanbedifficulttodoonabudget.TherearesomeconsiderationsthatyoucanmaketoreducethecostofyourDisneyWorldvacation.1.ComePreparedPlanaheadsothatyoudon'thavetopurchaseanecessityatDisneylandthatyoucouldhavebroughtfromhome.Forexample,checktheweathersothatyoudon'tneedtobuyaraincoatoranumbrella.2.BuySouvenirsinAdvanceDisneyhasinfluencedpracticallyeveryindustry,whichmakesiteasytofindDisneyitemsanywhere,fromWalmart,Target,andyourlocalgrocerystorestodepartmentstoresandAmazon.YoucansavealotofmoneybypurchasingitemsbeforeyourtripattheselessexpensiveplacesthanatDisneyland.3.MakeanAutographBookAnautographbookisseenasamust­havebymanyDisneylandenthusiastsandisamemoryyoucantakehomewithyou.Thesebookscancostanywherefrom7.95to19.95attheDisneyStoreandupto$30forthelatest­and­greatestautographbookatDisneyland,suchasthepark's60thanniversaryeditions.Otherchoicescangetthejobdoneforunder$5.Forexample,youcanbuyasmallphotoalbum,cutepadsornotebooks.4.TakeAdvantageofDiscountsOfferedtoSpecialGroupsDisneyoffersawidevarietyofdiscounts,includingmilitaryservicemembers,collegestudents,teachers,andyouthgroups.Ifyouthinkyoumightqualifyforaspecialdiscountorgrouprate,calltheDisneylandResorttobooktickets.1.Wherecanittakeyoumoremoneytobuysouvenirs?A.AtAmazon. B.AtDisneyland.C.AtWalmart. D.Atdepartmentstores.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforthepark's60thanniversaryautographbook?A.$30. B.$19.95.C.$7.95. D.$5.3.Whocanenjoythelow­pricedtickets?A.Alltheyoungpeople. B.Allthedoctors.C.Allthestudents. D.Alltheteachers.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些降低在迪士尼世界度假费用的考虑因素。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“BuySouvenirsinAdvance”部分最终一句“YoucansavealotofmoneybypurchasingitemsbeforeyourtripattheselessexpensiveplacesthanatDisneyland.”(在这些比迪士尼乐园便宜的地方，你可以在旅行前购买物品，从而节约很多钱。)可知，在迪士尼乐园购买纪念品会花更多钱。故选B。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“MakeanAutographBook”部分其次句“Thesebookscancostanywherefrom7.95to19.95attheDisneyStoreandupto$30forthelatest­and­greatestautographbookatDisneyland,suchasthepark's60thanniversaryeditions.”(这些书在迪士尼商店的售价从7.95美元到19.95美元不等，在迪士尼乐园最新最棒的签名书，比如迪士尼60周年纪念版，售价高达30美元。)可知，购买迪士尼60周年纪念版签名书须要30美元。故选A。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据“TakeAdvantageofDiscountsOfferedtoSpecialGroups”部分第一句“Disneyoffersawidevarietyofdiscounts,includingmilitaryservicemembers,collegestudents,teachers,andyouthgroups.”(迪士尼供应各种各样的折扣，包括军人、高校生、老师和青年团体。)可知，全部的老师都可以享受低价票。故选D。BWhenIwastryingtofindaplacewheretospendmyDecemberholidays,ImetbychancesomecheapflightstoIceland.AftercheckingjustafewwinterpicturesofIceland,Irealizedthatthecountry,knownasthelandoffireandice,duringthecoldmonthsoftheyearcouldoffermeexperiencesIhadneverhadbefore.Forsureyoucan’tmissthechancetogotoIcelandinwinterifyourtravelingwishlistincludesatleastoneofthecrazyexperiencesIcelandcanoffer.IcelandintheNorthAtlanticOceanisaparadise(乐园)forallthosewhowanttoseethenorthernlights,experiencecoldweatherconditionsandputthemselvesingeothermal(地热的)bathswhilethesnowisfallingontheirhead.ThebestwaytomovearoundIcelandiswitharentalcar.Distancesarehugeandpublictransportinwinterisnotreallycommonoutofthemajortowns.Aswewantedtobeevenmoreconvenientwedecidedtorentasmallcamper(野营车).Sleepingandcookinginacampersavedusalotofdriving,moneyandgaveusthechancetobealwaysintherightplaceattherighttime.Therewerealsonolocalsandinmanycasesnotouristfacilities(设备).Forus,aswesleptinacamper,itwaseasier.ButfortouriststravelingbynormalcarsitisnecessarytochecktheopeningtimesofhotelsandrestaurantsasmanyofthemrunjustfromJunetoSeptember.ItisamazingtoexperiencehowtheweatherischanginginIceland.However,Icelandersprefertostayinsidetheirhouses.TheyhaveevennotimetocomplainabouttheweatherinDecember.AlltheycareaboutisChristmas.Theylovetodecoratetheirhouses,singChristmassongsandeattypicalChristmasfood.4.WhyisIcelandfamousasthelandoffireandice?A.Becausetouristswouldliketoplaywithfireontheice.B.Becauseitistoodrytoeasilycausefiretohappen.C.Becauseitishotinsideahouseandcoldoutside.D.Becausethereexisthotspringsandfreezingice.5.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftherentedcamper?A.Itwasnotonlypracticalbutalsoeconomical.B.Itwasconvenientbutcostthemmoremoney.C.Itprovidedthebestchancetoseethenewcountry.D.Itwasmuchfasterthanotherpublictransport.6.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.TheIcelandersprefertolivewiththeirfamily.B.ThejoyofChristmasdrivesthefreezingweatheraway.C.Decemberisthecoldestmonthoftheyear.D.TheIcelandersarealwayspositiveandstayoutside.7.Whatdoesthispassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.Atextbook B.AscientificreportC.Atravelmagazine D.Anewsreport【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在冰岛度过的从未有过的精彩假期体验，并供应了一些好用的旅游攻略。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段其次句“IcelandintheNorthAtlanticOceanisaparadiseforallthosewhowanttoseethenorthernlights,experiencecoldweatherconditionsandputthemselvesingeothermalbathswhilethesnowisfallingontheirhead.”(位于北大西洋的冰岛是全部那些想看看北极光、体验寒冷天气、在大雪驾临 的时候泡个地热浴的人的天堂。)可知，冰岛以“火与冰之国”而著名，因为那里有温泉和冰冻的冰。故选D。【5题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段其次句“Aswewantedtobeevenmoreconvenientwedecidedtorentasmallcamper”(为了更便利，我们确定租一辆小型野营车)和第三句“Sleepingandcookinginacampersavedusalotofdriving,moneyandgaveusthechancetobealwaysintherightplaceattherighttime.”(在露营车里睡觉和做饭，让我们少开了很多车，也节约了很多钱，也让我们有机会在正确的时间出现在正确的地方。)可知，作者认为租来的野营车又好用又经济。故选A。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段最终三句“TheyhaveevennotimetocomplainabouttheweatherinDecember.AlltheycareaboutisChristmas.Theylovetodecoratetheirhouses,singChristmassongsandeattypicalChristmasfood.”(他们甚至没有时间埋怨12月份的天气。他们只关切圣诞节。他们喜爱装饰自己的房子，唱圣诞歌，吃典型的圣诞食物。)可知，圣诞节的快乐赶走了寒冷的天气。故选B。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段第一句“WhenIwastryingtofindaplacewheretospendmyDecemberholidays,ImetbychancesomecheapflightstoIceland.”(当我试图找到一个地方度过我的12月假期，我偶然遇到一些便宜的去冰岛的航班。)和其次句“AftercheckingjustafewwinterpicturesofIceland,Irealizedthatthecountry,knownasthelandoffireandice,duringthecoldmonthsoftheyearcouldoffermeexperiencesIhadneverhadbefore.”(看了几张冰岛冬季的照片后，我意识到，这个被称为“火与冰之国”的国家，在一年中最寒冷的几个月里，可以给我带来以前从未有过的体验。)可知，文章主要介绍了作者在冰岛度过的从未有过的精彩假期体验，并供应了一些好用的旅游攻略。所以文章最有可能来自一本旅游杂志。故选C。CHundredsofchildrenarebeingtreatedforsleepproblemsinWaleseveryyear.Insomecases，babies，infants(婴儿)andteenagershavebeenadmittedtohospitalinnorthWalesalone.TheChildren’sSleepCharitysaidmanychildrenweresufferingfromlackofsleepmainlybecauseoftechnologyuse.PublicHealthWalessaidsleepwasasimportanttoachild’shealthashealthyeatingandexercise，andchildrenwithpoorsleeppatternsweremorelikelytobefat.Statisticsobtained(获得)undertheFreedomofInformationActbyBBCWalesfoundatleast408childrenhavebeenadmittedtohospitalsacrossWalessufferingfromsleepdisorderssinceMarch2013.Childrenagedbetween0and4madeupthehighestnumberofinpatients(住院病人)，withsomenewbornsbeingtreatedforsleep-relatedproblemsfromthedayofbirth.VickiDawson，whosetuptheChildren’sSleepCharity(CSC)，saidsleeplessnightswereputtingbothchildrenandparentsinanxiety.“Theirweightandgrowthmayalsobeaffectedaswellastheirmentalhealth，”shesaid.Teacherssaidchildrenshowingsignsofsleepshortageandtirednessinclasswereaconcernastheycouldn’tconcentrateforlongperiods.PsychologistAmyMcClelland，ofSleepWales，saidacommonproblemwasthatchildrenwere“overexcited”beforebedandthatfamiliesshouldgetbacktobasics.“Think1950sfamilyhome.Dinnerasafamily，read，chat，afilmmaybe，lightsoffandthenbed.”Sheadded.8.What’sthemainreasonwhychildrenareshortofsleep？A.Lessexercise. B.Eatinghabits.C.Technologyuse. D.Sleeppatterns.9.Whoarethemajorityoftheinpatientswithsleep-relateddisorders？A.Infants. B.Teenagers.C.Teachers. D.Parents.10.WhatcanweinferfromwhatAmyMcClellandsaid？A.Chattingandfilmsmakechildrensleepmore.B.Itisdifficultforchildrentoreadbeforebed.C.Beingtooexcitedisgoodforsleephabits.D.Relaxationhasabadeffectonchildren.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？A.WaystoTreatSleepProblems B.SleepProblemsofWelshChildrenC.SleepHabitsofWelshChildren D.TheProblemsofWelshChildren【答案】8.C9.A10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述的是威尔士儿童的睡眠问题。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句TheChildren’sSleepCharitysaidmanychildrenweresufferingfromlackofsleepmainlybecauseoftechnologyuse.可知，儿童睡眠不足的主要缘由是“科技的运用”。故选C。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段Childrenagedbetween0and4madeupthehighestnumberofinpatients(住院病人),withsomenewbornsbeingtreatedforsleep-relatedproblemsfromthedayofbirth.可知，婴儿是有睡眠相关障碍的住院患者的大多数。故选A。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Think1950sfamilyhome.Dinnerasafamily,read,chat,afilmmaybe,lightsoffandthenbed.“想想20世纪50年头的家庭住宅。一家人吃饭，读书，闲聊，看场电影，然后熄灯睡觉。”可知，闲聊和看电影让孩子们睡得更多。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段HundredsofchildrenarebeingtreatedforsleepproblemsinWaleseveryyear.Insomecases,babies,infantsandteenagershavebeenadmittedtohospitalwhileinnorthWalesalone.“威尔士每年有数百名儿童因睡眠问题接受治疗。在某些状况下，仅在北威尔士，婴儿、婴儿和青少年就被送进了医院。”由此推知本文最佳主题是B项SleepProblemsofWelshChildren“威尔士儿童的睡眠问题”。故选B。DLifeintheInternetageislonely—orisit?That’swhatexpertsinhumaninteractionaredebatingafteranewStanfordUniversitysurveyhasbeenpublished.Accordingtothestudy,themoretimepeoplespendonline,thelesstheycanspareforreal-liferelationshipswithfamilyandfriends.Theresearchersasked113peopleabouttheWeb’sinfluenceondailyactivities.36％ofthosepeopleareonlineformorethanfivehoursaweek.”AsInternetusebecomesmorewidespread,itwillhaveanincreasinglyisolating(孤立的)effectonsociety,”saysRobertKraut,oneoftheresearchers.ScholarsandWebloverscriticizedthestudyforstretchingitsdatatomakethe“isolating”point.While13％ofregularWebusersadmittedthelossoftimewithlovedones,60％reportedwatchinglessTV.ThesurveyalsoshowsthatE-mailisthemostpopularonlineactivity.Ifsomeofwebheads(网虫)spendwhatwasoncepassiveTVtimekeepingcompanywithfriendsviaE-mails,“that’samovetowardgreaterconnectedness,”saysPaulResnick,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan.Thisisn’tthefirstclaimthattheWebshouldbecriticized.A1998reportmonitored73Pittsburgh-areafamilies’Netuseforayear.PeoplewhousedtheInternetmore“talkedlesstofamilymembersandreportedbeinglonelierandmoredepressed.”saysRobertKraut.“It’struethattherehavebeenbigdeclinesinsocialconnectednessoverthepastdecades,butthosedeclinesbeganbeforetheInternetwasinvented,”saysThomasPutnam.AsAmitayEtzionisays,theInternetgivesusadifferentkindofsociallife—notbetterorworsethanbefore,butjustdifferent.12.WhoclaimedthattheWebhadnegativeinfluence?A.PaulResnick. B.RobertKraut.C.ThomasPutnam. D.AmitayEtzioni.13.Theunderlinedword“This”inPara.4refersto.A.theopinionexpressedinBowlingAloneB.thesurveymadebytheUniversityofMichiganC.theconclusioninareportwrittenin1998D.thestudyconductedbyStanfordUniversity14.Fromthepassagewelearnthat.A.watchingTVusedtotaketimeawayfromstayingonlineB.theWebwasblamedmorethanonceforcausinganisolatingeffectC.36％ofwebusersspendmorethanfivehoursaweekonlineD.theWebhasthesameinfluenceastelephonesandtelevisions15.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.A.howwecanmakeabetteruseoftheInternetB.howdeclinesinsocialconnectednessappearC.whethertheInternetcausesanisolatingeffectD.whatadifferentlifetheInternetbringstous【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇争论文。文章讲解并描述了对于斯坦福高校进行一项关于网络是否导致“社会孤立效应”的探讨，社会各界绽开的探讨。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“AsInternetusebecomesmorewidespread，itwillhaveanincreasinglyisolating（孤立的）effectonsociety,”saysRobertKraut,oneoftheresearchers.（一位名叫RobertKraut的探讨者说道“随着网络运用变得越来越普及，它将会对社会拥有越来越大的孤立作用”）可知，RobertKraut认络有负面影响。故选B项。【13题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线词所在句Thisisn’tthefirstclaimthattheWebshouldbecriticized.（这并不是指责网络（的消极影响）的第一个论断）可知，This指代的是StanfordUniversity开展的调查探讨。故选D项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段中Thisisn’tthefirstclaimthattheWebshouldbecriticized.A1998reportmonitored73Pittsburgh-areafamilies’Netuseforayear.（这并不是第一次有人指责网络。1998年的一份报告对73个匹兹堡地区家庭一年的网络运用状况进行了监测）可知，因为网络使人们之间的联系削减，不止一次有人就此现象进行调查探讨。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段中的LifeintheInternetageislonely—orisit?That’swhatexpertsinhumaninteractionaredebatingafteranewStanfordUniversitysurveyhasbeenpublished.（互联网时代的生活是孤独的，是吗?这就是斯坦福高校一项最新调查公布后，人类互动领域的专家们所争辩的问题）可知，文章以一项调查探讨入题，绽开关于网络是否导致“社会孤立效应”的辩论。故选C项。其次节：七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Weallknowthatstress(压力)canhaveanegative(消极的)effectonourmindsandbodies.Itincreasesourriskforheartattack,anddecreasesourqualityoflife.Doctorsoftenencouragepeopletodecreasestressand“stopandsmelltheroses.”____16____Considerthefollowing：Reconsideryourdiet.Eatinghealthfullywillnotonlykeepyouphysicallyfit,itwillalsohelpyouthinkclearlyandstayenergeticthroughouttheday.First,consideraddingvitaminsandnutrientstoyourdiet.Mostofusdon'tgetwhatweneedfromourdiet.Manyoftheseactuallyaresaidtohavestress­breakingbenefits.____17____Yourfavouritedietmightnotleadtogoodhealth.Ifyouwanttoenjoyheart­healthyfoodwithoutlosingtaste,youmighttrytheMediterraneandietwhichincludesfish,healthyfat,plentyoffruitsandvegetables,andwholegrains.____18____Gettingactiveisprobablyoneofthebestthingsyoucandotodecreasestress.Researchersfoundthatworkingouthaspowerfulstress­reducingbenefits.Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatpeoplewhosleeplessthanfivetosixhoursanightaremorelikelytobeoverweight.Makesurethatyougetenoughsleepbygoingtobedandgettingupatthesametimeeachday,evenontheweekends.Trytotakeadeepbreath.____19____Asyoubreatheinthroughyourmouth,takeinpositiveandpowerfulenergy.Asyoubreatheoutthroughyournose.Youremoveanynegativeenergyorstressthatisstuckinyourownbody.Stressisanunfortunatefactoflife.Luckily,youcanreduceitbysimplymakingsomechangesinlifestyle.____20____A.Peoplewhodon'tgetenoughsleeptendtoovereatthenextday.B.Trytogetenoughvitamins.C.Getplentyofexerciseandsleep.D.Buthowcanyouachievethiswhenyourday­to­daylifeisverybusy?E.Withthesechanges,youcanimprovethequalityofyourlifeandregainyourpeaceofmind.F.Second,considerchangingyourunhealthydiet.G.Whenyoufeelstressful,adeepbreaththroughyourmouthmaybeofhelp.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.G20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了减轻压力的方法。【16题详解】依据前文“Doctorsoftenencouragepeopletodecreasestressand“stopandsmelltheroses.”(医生常常激励人们减轻压力，“停下来闻闻玫瑰”)”可知，医生常常建议人们要停下来休息，放松心情，减轻压力，所以选项D中的this是指停下来放松心情，减轻压力，选项D中的“howcanyouachievethiswhenyourday­to­daylifeisverybusy(当你的日常生活特别劳碌的时候，你如何做到这一点呢)”和前文构成转折关系，对应转折词but。由此可知，选项D“但是当你的日常生活特别劳碌的时候，你如何做到这一点呢？”切合文意。故选D。【17题详解】依据前文“First,consideraddingvitaminsandnutrientstoyourdiet.(首先，考虑在饮食中添加维生素和养分物质)”可知，此处对应的是其次点，依据后文“Yourfavouritedietmightnotleadtogoodhealth.Ifyouwanttoenjoyheart­healthyfoodwithoutlosingtaste,youmighttrytheMediterraneandietwhichincludesfish,healthyfat,plentyoffruitsandvegetables,andwholegrains.(你最喜爱的饮食可能不会带来健康。假如你想在享受有益心脏健康的食物的同时又不失味道，你可以尝试地中海饮食，包括鱼，健康脂肪，大量的水果和蔬菜，以及全谷物)”可知，此处是指要变更自己的不健康饮食。由此可知，选项F“其次，考虑变更你不健康的饮食。”切合文意。故选F。【18题详解】依据后文“Researchersfoundthatworkingouthaspowerfulstress­reducingbenefits.Anotherrecentstudyfoundthatpeoplewhosleeplessthanfivetosixhoursanightaremorelikelytobeoverweight.(探讨人员发觉，熬炼有强大的减压效果。最近的另一项探讨发觉，每晚睡眠少于5到6小时的人更有可能超重)”可知，此处是讲要充分熬炼和睡眠。由此可知，选项C“保持足够的运动和睡眠。”切合文意。故选C。【19题详解】依据后文“Asyoubreatheinthroughyourmouth,takeinpositiveandpowerfulenergy.(当你用嘴吸气时，吸入主动而有力的能量)”可知，此处是讲深呼吸能够缓解压力，所以选项G“当你感到有压力时，用嘴深吸一口气可能会有所帮助。”切合文意。故选G。20题详解】依据前文“Luckily,youcanreduceitbysimplymakingsomechangesinlifestyle.(幸运的是，你可以通过简洁地变更生活方式来削减它)”可知，此处是讲这些变更会带来的好处。由此可知，选项E“通过这些变更，你可以提高你的生活质量，重新获得内心的安静。”切合文意。故选E。其次部分完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond_____21_____.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____22____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16Molaibegantonoticesomething____23____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe____24____itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____25____,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He____26____thatitwasbecausethereweren’tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe____27____.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek____28____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe____29____departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand_____30_____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.____31____youngplantsinthedryseasonwas______32______foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe_____33_____ofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto______34______rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai_____35_____toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.21.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice22.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge23.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward24.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise26.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted27.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust28.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter29.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance30.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed31.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding32.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial33.A.back B.top C.foot D.side34.A.cooldown B.keepoff C.purify D.collect35.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.A26.B27.B28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭遇巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮挡物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量削减。Molai确定变更这一切，他经过努力，在旁边找到了一个小岛，起先种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的自然土地成为很多动植物的家园。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地旁边，那里成了他的其次个家。A.dream幻想；B.job工作；C.home家；D.choice选择。依据空前的second可知，他诞生的村庄是他的家，村庄旁边的一些“湿地”成为了他的其次个“家”。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和漂亮。A.nature自然；B.youth青春，年轻；C.culture文化；D.knowledge学问。湿地呈现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai起先留意到他的家四周发生了一些令人担心的事情。A.precious珍贵的；B.interesting好玩的；C.disturbing令人担心的，引起苦恼的；D.awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量削减。这些状况都不正常，令人担心。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水攻击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.waste废物；B.tension惊慌；C.pain难受，苦痛；D.damage损害，损害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也削减了。A.Besides此外，另外；B.However但是；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否则。依据aswell可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量削减。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来爱护它们免受燥热的影响。A.agreed同意；B.realized意识到；C.remembered记住，记起；D.predicted预料。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类削减是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来爱护它们免受燥热的影响。A.noise噪音；B.heat热；C.disease疾病；D.dust尘土。依据常识可知，树木可以供应阴凉，从而爱护鸟类和蛇类免受燥热的影响。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的方法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天找寻栖身之处。A.directions方向；B.partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C.help帮助；D.shelter遮挡，庇护，遮挡物。树木可以给动物们供应“遮挡”。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A.labor劳动；B.police警察；C.forest森林；D.finance财政，金融。依据前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应当向“森林”部门求助。故选C。30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发觉了旁边的一个岛屿，他起先在那里种树。A.rebuilt重建；B.discovered发觉；C.left离开；D.managed设法做成。依据前面的”lookingonhisown”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应当是他”发觉”了一个小岛。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.Decorating装饰；B.Observing视察到；C.Watering浇水；D.Guarding保卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽方法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“thedryseason”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.tough困难的；B.illegal非法的；C.fantastic极好的；D.beneficial有益的。依据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽方法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.back背部；B.top顶端；C.foot脚；D.side一边，一侧。依据该段最终一句“Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应当在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.cooldown冷却下来；B.keepoff与……保持距离；C.purify净化，使纯净；D.collect收集。依据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai接着种树。A.returned返回；B.learned学会；C.failed失败；D.continued接着。依据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的自然土地成为很多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“接着”种树。故选D。第三部分语言学问运用(每题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Wangweiwasareallygoodstudent,but____36____(recent)hehasn’tfelthimselfandhisgradeshasfallensincethreemonthsago.Thisisbecausehesometimeshastrouble____37____(pay)attentiontohisstudy.Hewouldn’tliketotalkwithteachersandfriends,too.What’sworse,hefeelstiredallthetimeandhas____38____(difficult)infallingasleep.____39____hedoesisbroughttohismother’sattention.____40____,whenhismotheraskshimwhathappenstohim,hejustsayshefeelslikecrying.Asamatteroffact,Wangweiissuffering____41____clinicaldepression(临床抑郁症),____42____isaserious,buttreatablecondition.Ifitisnottreatedintime,seriousdamage____43____(do)tohealth.Thefirstsignsofitinteensare____44____(poor)schoolreportsthanbefore,thenlearningdifficultiesandstayingawayfromclassmatesandteachers.Ifyouhavethesesigns,don’tworry.Itisnotsodifficult_____45_____(deal)withclinicaldepression.Therearemanyeffectiveways,suchasmedicine,expressionoffeelings,moreexerciseandabalanceddiet.【答案】36.recently37.paying38.difficulty39.What40.However41.from42.which43.willbedone44.poorer45.todeal【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个名叫王伟的学生患上的临床抑郁症。患病之后，他成果下降、不善言谈且易疲惫。但据就诊的医生说，这种病是很严峻，但也是可以预防和治疗的。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：但是最近他感觉状态不好，并且他的成果三个月前就起先下降了。该处用副词作时间状语。故填recently。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为他有时很难专注于学习。havetroubledoingsth为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”。故填paying。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：他总是感到很疲惫，并且还失眠。havedifficultyin(doing)sth为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，该处词应填写名词，作has的宾语。故填difficulty。【39题详解】考查主语从句。句意：他的行为引起了母亲的留意。但是，当母亲问他发生了什么时，他只是说想哭。此处为主语从句，且从句中的does缺少宾语，指“……的事情”，故填What。【40题详解】考查连接副词。句意同上。由前后句意逻辑可知，前后句为转折关系。空后有逗号，故填However。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：事实上，王伟患上了临床抑郁症。他的病特别严峻，但是可以治疗。sufferfrom为固定搭配，意为“患（病）”。故填from。【42题详解】考查定语从句连词。句意：事实上，王伟患上了临床抑郁症。他的病特别严峻，但是可以治疗。该处的非限定定语从句的从句部分缺少主语，修饰前面的先行词clinicaldepression，先行词为物。故填which。【43题详解】考查被动语态。句意：假如不刚好治疗，这种病会对健康造成严峻的损害。由条件状语从句语境可知，从句谓语动词应用一般将来时，表述自然发生的事实现象。又因do与damage构成被动关系，故填willbedone。【44题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：青少年身上会显现这种病的症状：比从前更糟糕的学校成果。由句中的than可知，本句是比较得病后与之前的成果。故填poorer。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：应对临床抑郁症并不是很困难的事情。Itis+形容词+todo句型中，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。故填todeal。第四部分：书面表达（满分40分)第一节（满分15分）46.你校正在组织英语作文竞赛。请以身边值得敬重和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括:1.人物简介；2.敬重和爱戴缘由。留意:1.词数100左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。ThepersonIrespectWehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:ThepersonIrespectWehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.Theymaybeourteachers,parentsoroneofourelders.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmost.Myfatherisateacherwholoveshisworkandhisstudentsverymuch.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.Heachievedalotinhiswork,respectedbyhisstudents.So,inmymindmyfatheristhepersonIrespectmostandIlovehimdeeply.【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。要求学生以身边值得敬重和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：提纲类作文时态：依据提示，时态应为一般现在时为主，兼用一般过去时和一般将来时。结构：总分法要求：1.人物简介：2.敬重和爱戴的缘由。其次步:列提纲（重点词组）respectable；asforme；spare；accompany；patiently;overcome；bravely第三步：连词成句1.Wehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.2.Theymaybeourteachers,parentsoroneofourelders.3.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmost.4.Myfatherisateacherwholoveshisworkandhisstudentsverymuch.5.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.6.WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.7.Heachievedalotinhiswork,respectedbyhisstudents.8.So,inmymindmyfatheristhepersonIrespectmostandIlovehimdeeply.第四步：连句成篇1.表文章结构依次：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second…Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast2.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly…but(also),including,3.表转折对比关系：while,meanwhile,However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause(从句),Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheonehand…,Ontheotherhand…Some…,whileothers…,asfor,so…that…4.表因果关系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult连句成文，留意运用恰当的连词进行句子之间的连接与过渡，书写肯定要规范清楚。第五步：润色修改【点睛】文章结构合理，思路清楚，运用了恰当的连接词及词组使行文连贯，如“who，and”，也运用了一些高级词汇和表达，如“respectable；asforme；spare；accompany；patiently;overcome；bravely”以及定语从句“Myfatherisateacherwholoveshisworkandhisstudentsverymuch.”、状语从句“WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.”等，增加了文章