初中英语语法要点

说明：请各校打印装订成册，发给学生，教师认真讲解，确保落实，在后续的各个复习

阶段，还要拿出来逐一加-印证。确保学生熟练掌握语法知识，提高应对中考各个难题的能

力。

初中英语语法知识梳理

一、英语五种基本句型认识它,理解它,掌握它,应用它!

1.主语+谓语（S+V）

Itrainedjustnow.

Acarrunsfast.

Thetrainleavesat8:30.

Tomcam。toborrowmybikeyesterday.

2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O)

Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.

Heplaystheguitarquitewell.

Fewstudentsliketakingexams.

3.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语(S+V+Oi+Od)

Sheshowedmeherphotosjustnow.

Thetiecostmetendollars.

Mr.Wangpassedhimabook.Mr.Wangpassedabooktohim.

Mymothermademeabirthdaycake.Mymothermadeabirthdaycakeforme.

Healwaysoffersushelp.OurheadteacheetoldusastoryinEnglish.

记住：(ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise)

4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S+V+Oi+Oc)

Weallcallhimtiger.

Youkeepyoureyesclosed.Weshouldkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

You'dbetterkeepthefoodinthefridge.

Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dohousework

MyteacheraskedmeloworkhardalEnglish.记住：(ask,tell,order,want,persuade,allow)

Youletusgohome.

IoftenhearhimsingEnglishsongs.记住：(see,watch,hear,feel,make/have,let)

比较：Listen!CanyouhearhimsinginganEnglishsong?t己住：(see,watch,hear)

Ihagmyhaircutyesterday.(havesthdone)

5.主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P)

Theboyisastudent.

Thewomanisheavy.

I'mthirteen.

It’sme.

Themoviesareexciting.

Sheisinterestedinmaths

Mymotherisin\hnkitchen.

Myhobbyistocollectstamps.

Herjobiswashingclothes.Seeingisbelieving.

Chinesefoodtastesdelicious.DoesChinesefoodtastedelicious?

Yourideasoundsgreat.Yourideadoesn'tsoundgreat.Sheseemedhappythen.

记住：（be,become,get,turn,taste,sound,look,smell,feel,keep,go,seem,remain）

注意：一个汉语句子如找不出实意动词，就是系表结构，一定要加上系动词“be”：

我弟弟个子高。Mybrotheristall.

有些形容词听起来像动词，但不能当动词用，是系表结构：ill,busy,back,tired,early等。

Hewasillyesterday.Theywillbebusytomorrow.Tomcanbebackinanhour.Bequiet,please.

6.Therebe句型与Have/has

Myfatherhasacar.Atablehasfourlegs.

Thereisadictionaryonthetable.

Thereisadogandtwocatsunderthetree.

比较Therearetwocatsandadogunderthetree.

ThereisgoingtobeanEnglishmovieatourschoolnextweek.不能用have

练习：将下列汉语译成英语，并说出是哪种句型。

I.我们通常进行小组学习。

2.我叔叔通过听收音机学习英语。

3.我打算给我爸爸买件衬衣作为生日礼物。

4.我经常听到他唱英语歌曲。

5.我们明天会很忙。

6.这鱼非常好吃。

6.明天我们学校将放一场英语电影。

7.一个人只要开始学习从来都不嫌晚。

8.高分贝音乐使人紧张。

二、句子成分

1、主语：1）动作的发出者或句子述说的对象。

Igotoschoolbybike.

Mysisterisoutgoing.

2）可以作主语的词有：名词、人称代词主格、其他代词、动名词和动词不定式

ThechildrenstudyEnglishbywatchingTV.

Theyhelpus.

BothofthemdoesdellinEnglish.

Seeingisbelieving.ICsnousecrying.snogoodeatingfastfood.

Playingcomputergamesisfun.Waitingforhermademeangry.

TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.

Togotoschoolbybiketakesmehalfanhoureveryday.

比较：Ittakesmehalfanhoureverydaytogoloschoolbybike.（sbspend...doingsth）

Itiswrongforustotelllies.Itiskindofyoutosayso.

2.谓语：由动词充当，Ilistentothemusiceveryday.

1）分两类：系动词（系表结构的句子）和实意动词（主谓结构，主谓宾结构，主谓宾

宾结构，主谓宾补结构）。（参看上面基本句型里的句子）

2）谓语还要注意与其主语保持人称和树的一致，称主谓一致原则。Itoftenrainshard.

3）谓语还要注意时态问题。（祥见“五”）

IsawthemovielastSunday.Ihavealreadyseenthemovie.

4）谓语还要注意语态问题。（祥见“九”）

Thewindowwasbrokenbymypartner.

3.宾语：

1)动作的乘受者(实意动词。Wehelpthem.

2)可作宾语的词有：名词，人称代词宾格、其他代词、动名词、动词不定式和宾语从句

Idislikeoranges.Ioftenhelpher.Iknowbothofthem.

Iliketoplaysoccer.比较Ilikeplayingsoccer.(like,begin,start,hate,love)

Mysisterenjoyslisteningtolightmusic.

i己住：(finish,mind,avoid,admit,consider,giveup,putoff,practice,can'thelpdong,又

havefun/problem/difficultydoing,feellikedoing)

IwanttogohikingthisSaturday.比较：Iwentloseetheanimals.

记住：(want,need,try,learn,afford,offer,agree,manage,decide,happen,refuse,expect,plan,

prepare,promise,hope,wish,wouldlike)口诀：要想拒绝忘记(wanl,refuse,forget)需

要劳力学习(need,try,learn)喜欢同意帮助(like,agree,help,)希望决定开始(hope,wish,

decide,begin,start)

注意：stop,remember,forget,try,goon,regret,mean等接动名词和不定式意义有区别。

3)Ifoundithardlorememberihesewordsinashortlime.不定式是宾语，it是形式宾语。

4)介词宾语

Therearetwodesksiniheroom.Andtherearesomebooksonthem

Hesitsbetweenyouand(I).

Thankyoufor(tell)methenews.Theboyisafraidofbeingaloneatnight.

5)宾语从句(祥见“十一”)

IhopethalIwillbealopstudentinmyclass.

4.定语：修饰和限定名词。Iliketheredcar.（而不是其它的车）

可以作定语的词有：名词，形容词，数词，地点副词，介词短语，动词不定式，定语

从句。例如：（注意观察例句中定语的位置）

Theseareappletrees.Theyaremendoctors.

作定语的名词用单数形式，但“man,woman”除外.

Iliveinanoldhouse.

Jackhasthreebrothers.

Thepeopleherearefriendly.

Thepoorchildrenhavenofoodtoeat.

Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.

Wehaveenoughtimetodoit.Wehavetimeenoughtodoit.

Thegirlisoldenoughtobabysitthebabies.

Helistenedtotheteachercarefullyenoughtocatchwhathesaid

Themaninthecarismyuncle.

Themanwhoissittinginthecarismyuncle.(定语从句祥见"十四”)

5.状语：修饰形容词，副词，动词。

1)可以作状语的词有：名词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，现在分词，状语从句。

Heisverytired.修饰形容词

Helikesplayvolleyballverymuch.修饰副词

Mylittlesisterdrawswell.修饰动词

Iwillcallyoutomorrow.名词修饰动

Itakeashoweralhomeatsix.修饰动词，表明动作发生的地点和时间

Ilistentotheteachercarefully.副词修饰动词

Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseofillness.介词短语修饰动词

Wegohomeforluncheveryday.介词短语修饰动词

Heusuallysleepwiththewindowopen.介词短语修饰动词

Wegohometohaveluncheveryday.动词不定式修饰动词

Iwenttovisitmygrandpayesterday.动词不定式修饰动词

Hedidn'tgoschoolbecausehewasill.Hedidn'tgoschoolbecauseofhisillness.

Igofishingifitdoesn'traintomorrow.(状语从句祥见“十四)

HewillcallmeafterhegetstoLondon.

MycousinissooldIhalhecangotoschool.

IgotupearlysothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus.

比较：IgotupsoearlyihalIcaughl(heearlybus.

HedoesmuchbetterinphysicsthanL

2）频度副词

Iusuallytakeawalkaftersupper.UsuallyItakeawalkafterschool.

Peterisneverlateforschool.

3)副词的构成

①本身是副词：here,there,now,then,already,etc.

Pleasecomehere.

②形容词、副词不同形：good-well

HespeaksJapanesewell.HisJapaneseisgood

③形容词、副词同形：early-early,fast-fast

Igotupearlyenoughtocatchtheearlybus.Thecarisfast.Thecarcanrunfast

④由形容词变为副词：careful—carefully,lucky—luckily,heavy-healthily

bad,slow,happy,angry,soft,quick,easy其副词分别为:

Therainisheavy.Itisrainingheavilynow.

⑤有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：daily,monthly,friendly,lonely,lovely:

Thisisamonthlymagazine.

Wearefriendlytoeachother.

4)副词比较级、最高级。祥见“六”

Heusuallylistenstothemorecarefullythanme.

Herunsfastestinourclass.

Hewritesofthethree.(bad)

6.宾语补足语

Weallcallhimtiger.

Youkeepyoureyesclosed.Weshouldkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.

You'dbetterkeepthefoodinthefridge.

Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dohousework

MyteacheraskedmetoworkhardatEnglish.记住：(ask,tell,order,want,persuade,allow)

Youletusgohome.

IoftenhearhimsingEnglishsongs.记住：(see,watch,hear,feel,make/have,let)

比较：Listen!CanyouhearhimsinginganEnglishsong?t己住：(see,watch,hear)

Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.(havesthdone)

练习：用所给词的正确形式填空

1.(them)wereusedto(get)up(early)inthemorning.

2.Itisimportantfor(we)(learn)Englishwell.

3.Ifyoudon'tknowthewords,you'dbetterlook(it)upinadictionary.

4.Mr.Wang(teach)(we)English.Eachstudent(like)

(he).

5.Thankyoufor(tell)(I)the(well)news.

6.Theteachersaid(angry)to(I).TheTeacherwas(angry)with

(she).

7.(eat)fastfoodisbadforour(healthy).

8.Motheralwayshasalotofhousework(do).

9.Hecame(visit)hisgrandpalastweekend.

10.Hewanted(visit)hisgrandpalastweekend.

11.Iftherearedriving,therewillbeairpollution,andtheairwillbe

(fresh).

A.less,lessB.fewer,fewerC.fewer,lessD.less,fewer

12.Inan,exam,theyouare,themistakesyouwillmake.

A.careful,littleB.morecareful,fewestC.morecareful,fewerD.morecareful,less

13.Tamlookingforwardto(be)ascientistwhenIgrowup.

14.Doyoumindmy(smoke)here?

15.FmgoingtohaveMP4(repair)tomorrow.

16.Theywantme(sing)anEnglishsongattheparty.

17.It'scold,Let(we)(keep)thewindows(close).

三、代词知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!

一)代词的分类英语中常把代词分为人称代词、无主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、

连接代词、不定代词和相互代词。

二)代词的用法

1.人称代词：人称代词是指人的代词，有性、数、格的区别。

主格作主语：SheismyEnglishteacher.

You,h<andIareallthewinners.

I.Lileiandyouarewrong.Weshoulddomorefortheproject

1)宾格作宾语：Theydon^wantmetogotherealone.

Don'tworry.Icanlookafterher.Tomsitsbetweenyouandme.

2)宾格还可以作表语。特别是在口语中：・・Who，sthat?-Ifsme.

注意：代词的下列用法：

Weloveourcountry,wehopesheHlbestrongerandstronger.

Itisabout10kilometresfromhere.It?sfouro'clock.

ItisnoteasytoleamEnglishwell.

Ifounditdifficulttosleep.

2.物主代词：

1)形容词性物主代词在句中具有形容词的特征。在句中作定语，后面跟名词。例如：

Tooursurprise,hehaspassedtheexam.

2)名词性的物主代词具有名词的特征，在句中作主语、表语、宾语。例如：

MayIuseyourbike?Mineisatschool.(作主语)

Whoseglassesarethese?Theyarehers.(作表语)

Mydictionaryislost.CanIuseyours?（作宾语）

3）名词性物主代词可以与of连用，作定语。例如：Afriendofoursarewaitingforus.

3.反身带词：用来表示“某人自己”的代词称为反身代词。如下表所示：

单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself

复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

1）作宾语，主语或宾语的同位语。例如：

Hersisteristooyoungtodressherself.（作宾语）

Hehimselfisalwaysmakingsuchmistakes.（主语同位语）

You'dbetteraskyourwifeherself.（宾语同位语）

2）反身代词可与其他词构成固定搭配，例如：

makeoneselfathome,teachoneself,learnbyoneself,helponeselfto...,etc

4.指示代词：this,that,these,those

指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。例如：

Thosearemyparents.（作主语）

Throwitlikethat.（作宾语）

ThetoyslittleTomlikesarethoseinthebasket.（作表语）

Thesepicturesaredrawnbyanoldblindman.（作定语）

注意：

1）前面刚刚提到过的东西，常用that,those表示：

I'msorrytohearthat.

2）下文将要提到的事情，可用these,this表示，起启下的作用。例如：

Tellthechildrentodolikethis:knockthestickintotheearthfirst,thentiethetreetoit.

5.疑问代词：who,what,which,whose,whom,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语、表语。

Whatmakeyousohappy?作主语

Who/Whomisyourmanagertalkingwith?作宾语

Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest?作定语

Whal'syourmother.作表语

6.相互代词：用于表示相互关系的代词。常用的有：eachother,oneanother.作宾语、定语

Weshouldhelpeachother.

Thevillagershavelookedafteroneanothertheseyear.

Weputthepresentsineachother'sstocking.

7.连接代词：用来连接宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句的代词叫连接代词。常用的有：

what,which,who,whomwhose,that：

Iknowwhathesaidatthemeeting.

Theproblemiswhowillmendit.

Couldyoutellmewhichisthewaytothepostoffice?

8.不定代词：几组不定代词的区别

1）one,it:

Theshirtistoosmallforme.Willyoupleaseshowmeabiggerone?

Thenewcarisnice.Ilikeitverymuch.

2）some,any

Thereissomewaterintheglass.

Isthereanywaterintheglass?

Thereisn'lanywaterintheglass

CanIborrowsomebooks?

3)both,all

Myparentsbothworkhard.

Myparentsarebolhworkers.

Therearetwentyboysinourclass.TheyalllikeEnglish.

Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.

Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.

4)neither,either

Neitheroftheanswersisright.

Herearetwochairs.Yousitoneitherchair.

5)afew,alittle,few,little

Weneedafewstrawberriestomakethedrink.

I'mlonelybecauseIhavefewfriendshere.

Inwinterthereislittlerainhere,soitisverydry.

6)one,theother,other,another

Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers,

Ihavetwopens,oneisred,theotherisblack.

Thereare40studentshere,20areboys,theothersaregirls.

Idon'tlikethisskirt.Willyoushowmeanotherone?

9.many,few,afew修饰可数名词，much,little,alittle修饰不可数名词。both,either,neither,

each用于指两者，all,any,none,every,another用于指三者或三者以上。

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.Thisisn'tpencilcase.Ileftathome.

A.my,mineB.me,myC.I,myD.my,myself

2.TheEnglishnovelisquiteeasyforyou.Therearenewwordsinit.

A.alittleB.littleC.afewD.few

3.—CanIcomethiseveningortomoiTowmorning?

--isOK.I'mfreetodayandtomorrow.

A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None

4.ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargethanofAsia.

A.thisB.thoseC.itD.that

5.Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeitdayyoulike.Ifsallthesametome.

A.oneB.anyC.anotherD.all

6.Hesaidatthemeetingandjustsattheresilently.

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

7.—Doyouknowtheladyisinterviewingourheadmaster?

—Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.

A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose

8.Don'tworry.Westillhavetomeleft.A.littleB.alittleC.few.D.Afew

练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!

一)用适当的代词填空

Helptosomeicecream,girls.

Hecameupwithanideaatlast,theideaofwasverygood.

Hurry,up,there'stimeleft.

Thereishardlyinthebasket,it'sempty.

LiliandCocodon'tknowaddress.LilihasneverbeentoCoco'shomeandCocohas

neverbeentoLily'shome,either.

Heisakindfriendthatofuslikehim.

HehavetwoEnglishnovels,buthehasreadofthem.

Idon'tlikethecolorofthisjacket.Couldyoushowmeone?

Youmaytakeofthem,they?rebothgood.

Don'tworry.goeswellhere.

二）选择最佳答案填空：

1.Thesetwobooksareveryinteresting.Youcanchooseofthem.

A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.any

2.Hehadmilkbutbreadforbreakfast.

A.many;fewB.much;littleC.few;muchD.little;many

3.Isthereyouwanttosay?

A.somethingelseB.anythingelseC.elseanythingD.elsesomething

4.A:areyougoingtovisit?B:IamgoingtovisitthePalaceMuseum.

A.WhereB.WhatC.WhyD.When

5.Oneshouldkeeppromise.

A.one'sownB.everyC.himselfD.herself

三）完成句子

1.There'stwoappleshere,youcantake（任意一个）.

2.Lisahastwodaughters.（没有一■个喜欢）traveling.

3.（所有的）girlslikesinging.

4.Tosayis（一回事）,todois（另一回事）.

5.Theykeeponeblackcatand（两只黑的）.

6.Hehas（许多）money,buthehas（没有）friends.

7.CanshespeakFrench?（只会一点）.

8.（他们中很少有人）cantalkinChinese.

9.（没人）hasbeenreachedfartherthanthemoon.

10.Welookedat（相互）ingreatsurprise.

Key:——）1.yourselves2.his3.no4.anything5.eachother's6.such,all7.neither8.another9.either

10.everything

二）CBBAA

三）1.either2.neither3.all4.onething,anotherthing5.twoblackones6.alotof/much,no

7.Alittle8.Fewofthem9.Noone/Nobody10.eachother

四、数词

1.数词的一般用法略。

2.其他用法：

1）基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。

如：afive-year-oldboy；an800-metre-longbridge；girls'400-metrerelayrace。

2）具体数词+metre（s）/kilometre（s）/kilo（s）long/high/tall/deep/away：。

TheChangjiangRiveris6,300kilometreslong.

3)表示“儿十岁”用序数词，eg.在他三十儿岁时inhisthirties

4)倍数的表达：(一倍用once,两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times。如：5倍fivetimes)：

HeisastallaboyasI.

HeisaheadtallerthanI.

HeistwoyearsolderthanI

ChinaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.

1amtwiceasoldasyou.(=1amtwiceolderthanyou./Iamtwicetheageofyou.)

Mybooksaretwiceasmanyasyours.

ChinaisfourtimeslargerthanEurope.(=ChinaisfourtimesthesizeofEurope.)

Ipaytwiceasmuchasitwasworth.

Ipaytwiceasmuchforthehouse.

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympic.

A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thousandsof

2.Bothoftherulesarebroken.Iwanttobuyaone.

A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./

3."Whichisthesmallestnumberofthefour?-.

A.Two-thirdsB.AhalfC.AquarterD.Three-fourths

4.Pleasewritedownthenewwordsinthetextof.

A.LessonElevenB.theLessonElevenC.LessonEleventh

练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!

选择填空：

1.ofpeopleintheworldaresendinginformationbyE-maileverday.

A.ManymillionB.SeveralmillionC.SeveralmillionsD.Manymillions

2.Aboutofthesurfaceoftheearthcoveredwithwater.

A.threequarter,isB.threequarters,hasC.threequarters,isD.threequarter,are

3.Itwilltaketimetofinishthework.

A.oneandahalfyears'B.ayearandhalfC.oneandahalfyear'sD.ayearandhalf's

4.—Howlongwillyourstayhere?—For.

A.oneandtwoday'sB.oneandtwodayC.adayortwoD.oneortwoday

5.WhenhemovedtoGermanyin,hewasalreadyin.

A.thefifties;hissixtiesB.fifties;hissixties

C.thefifties;hissixtyD.fifty;sixty

6.Mybrotherlivesinonfloor.

A.sixRoom;secondB.Roomsix;thesecond

C.Roomsix;twofloorD.theroomsix;thesecond

7.Decemberismonthoftheyear.

A.twelveB.twelfthC.thetwelfthD.thetwelve

8.Thistookplaceinthe.

A.1940B.1940sC.1940esD.1940,h

9.Itisonlyfrommyhometothetrainstation.

A.tenminuteswalkB.ten-minuteswalkC.tenminutes'swalkD.tenminutes'walk

10.Thereareinthisbuilding,Iliveon.

A.ninefloors,theninthfloorB.ninefloor,theninthfloor

C.ninefloor,ninefloorsD.ninthfloor,theninthfloor

11.ThewaterbehindtheThreeGorgesDamsshouldbehigherthandownstream（下游）。

A.sixty-fivemeterB.sixty-fifthmeterC.sixty-fivemetersD.sixty-fifthmeters

12.Therearedaysinayear.

A.threehundredsixty-fiveB.threehundredandsixty-five

C.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.twohundredsandsixty-five

13.-Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?--.,butFmnotsure.

A.HundredsB.HundredC.HundredsofD.Onehundred

14.Therearedoctorsandnursesworkinghardinthathospital.

A.thousandB.twothousandC.twothousandsD.twothousandsof

15.—What'sonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?—Yes,it's.

A.twosixthsB.threefourthsC.onethreeD.threesixth

16.Nowchildren,turntopageandlookatthepictureinLessonTwo.

A.twentieth,oneB.twenty,oneC.twentieth,firstD.twenty,first

17.Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttobuyaone.

A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./

18.Decemberisthemonthinyear.

A.twentyB.twelveC.twentiethD.twelfth

19.—Whatisthedatetoday?—It's.

A.ThursdayB.JunethesixteenthC.thebestdayD.Junefifteen

20.SheknowsalotaboutChinaasshehasbeentoChina.

A.fortheforthtimeB.fourtimesC.afourthtimeD.forfourtimes

1-5CCACA6-10BCBD11-15CCCDA16-20DBDBB

五、动词

动词是表示动作（study,find,swim等）或状态（be,like,feel等）的词。动词具有人称、

数量、时态、语态和语态变化。

知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!

动词分类：动词有助动词、情态动词、联系动词和行为动词四类。

-）助动词略

-）情态动词略

三）系动词：系动词的种类

系动词含有定意义，它们要与其后做表语的形容词、名词或介词（短语）等一起构成

合成谓语。系动词按意义可分为三类，而且有自己的特定用法。

1,按意义联系动词有：

be,appear,seem,keep,remain,continue,stay,prove等：Jimappearsveryold.

2、表示感觉的联系动词有

look,feel,smell,sound,taste等。如：Itsmellsbad.

3、表示转变的联系动词有become,fall,get,go,grow,turn：

Shebecomesmorebeautifulthanthreeyearsago.

四）行为动词

行为动词又称实义动词，它们都含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，可在句中独立作谓

语。行为动词又分为及物动词和不及物动词。

1、及物动词。及物动词后一定要跟宾语，意思才能完整：

Mymothertoldmeshewantedtobuysomebooksforme.

2、不及物动词•不及物动词意义完整，不需带宾语，但如果有些不及物动词非要带宾语时，

必须先加介词后加宾语：

Heonlyworriedabouthisdaughter.

五）动词的时态：时态是表明动作发生在什么时候，主要是通过动词的变爱，不同的时态

其动词有不同的变化形式,一定要弄清各个时态其动词的不同变化形式。

1.一般现在时动词的变形:be-am—is—are;实意动词的变化形式为：

1）当主语是第三人称单数时：动词要加“s”或“es"，have-has,be—is

Tomdoeshishomeworkatschool.

DoesTomdohishomeworkatschool?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.

Tomdoesn'tdohishomeworkatschool.

Hehasbreakfastathome.Doeshehavebreakfastathome?

Shejs_oftenlateforclass.Issheoftenlateforclass?Yes,sheis.No,sheisn't.

2）当主语是其它人称时：动词要用原形，be-am（I）,be-are（其它人称）

TomandJackgotomoviesonweekends.

DoTomandJackgotomoviesonweekends?Yes?theydo,No,theydon't.

Iambusyeveryday.Areyoufreetoday?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.

Theyarefreetoday.Aretheyfreetoday?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren't.

3）一般现在时态的用法：

现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作：

Igelupatsixeverymorning.

Heplaystennisonceaweek.

现在的状态：

Mymotherisateacher.SheteachesEnglishinaschool.

客观真理：

Theearthgoesaroundthesun.

4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：

oftenusuallysometimesalwayseverydayneverinthemorning等。

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.—MayIhelpyou,sir?—Yes,IboughttheTVthedaybeforeyesterday,butit.

A.didn'tworkB.doesn'tworkC.won'tworkD.can*twork

2.thebusuntilit..

A.Getoff,stopsB.Getoff,willstopC.Don'tgetoff,stopsD.Don'tgetoff,willstop

3.The70-year-oldmanexercisesinthemorning.

A.takesB.aretakingC.tookD.willtake

2.现在进行时：动词的变爰:be动词没有此时态；实意动词的变化形式为：am/is/are+v-ing

现在进行时的用法：

1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）：

Sheishavingabathnow.Sheisn'thavingabathnow.

Isshehavingabathnow?Yes,sheis.No,sheisn't.

2）现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）：

Youareworkinghardthesedays.

KatewantstoworkinItaly,sosheislearningItalian.

Thepopulationoftheworldisgrowingveryfast.

3）频度副词always,forever等词连用时,表示某种强烈的感情：

Heisalwaystryingoutnewideas.（表示欣赏，表扬）

4）表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,begin,stay等动词）：

Thepartyisbeginningat8:00o'clock.

5）常用于现在进行时态的时间状语：now等。

oftenusuallysometimesalwayseverydayneverinthemorning等。

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.1don'tthinkthatit'strue.She'salwayslies.

A.tellB.tellsC.tellingD.told

2.Howyouwiththenewjob?

A.do,doB.do,getalongC.are,doingD.are,gettingon

3.—Arethesesocksyours?—No.Mineoutsideontheclothesline.

A.arehangingB.havehungC.hangD.hung

3、过去进行时

动词的变形:be动词没有；实意动词的变化形式为：was/were+v-ing

过去进行时的用法：表示过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作：

WewereplayingsoccerwhenthealiensgotofftheUFO.

ThistimelastyearIwaslivinginBrazil.

Wereyouplayingcomputergamesat10o'clocklastnight?

3）常用于过去进行时的时间状语：atfouryesterdayafternoon,then,atthattime/moment等。

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.MotherwhenIgothome.

A.wascookingB.cooksCcookedD.hascooked

2.Whatyouat8lastnight?

A.were,doingB.did,doC.are,doingD.do,do

4.一般将来时

动词的变形:

1）助动词will（shall）+动词原形

Theywillvisitthemuseumtomorrow.

Wewillbebusyneatterm.

2）am/is/are+goingto+动词原形

Tinaisgoingtovisitthezoowithherparentstomorrow.

3）用现在进行时表将来:come,go,leave,arrive,start,fly,begin,stay.etc.

Tomiscomingtoseeustomorrow.

TheyareleavingforAustralianextmonth.

4）用一般现在时表将来：

Wewillgofishingifitdoesn'traintomorrow.比较：Idon'tknowifitwillraintomorrow.

HewillcallusafterhegetstoBeijing.

一般将来时的用法：

1）将要发生的动作：

IwillleaveforBeijingtomorrow.

2）将要存在的状态：

ThistimenextyearIwillbeinJapan.Wherewillyoube?

3）打算要做的事:am/is/are+goingto+动词原形

Areyougoingtowatchthefilmontelevisiontonight?

4）表示将来的愿望：will（sha11）+动词原形

Hewillbeascientistwhenhegrowsupinthefuture.

常用于一般将来时的时间状语：

tomorrow,nextweek,intwodays,etc.Hewillbebackinaweek.

例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!

1.1forHongKongonSaturday.Willyougotoseemeoffattheairport?

A.amleavingB.amleftC.amgoingtoleavingD.lef