优化方案2017高中英语Unit15Learning(精)

SectionⅣ

Grammar&WritingUnit15Learning虚拟语气一、条件句中的虚拟语气类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句谓语动词：过去式(be用were)主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might＋动词原形Iftheywereattacked，thesecarswouldbestrongenoughtoprotectthem.如果他们遭受袭击，这些车厢足够牢固来保护他们。类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与过去事实相反从句谓语动词：had＋过去分词主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词Ifhehadnotbeeninanopencar，hewouldn’thavebeenshot.若他不在敞篷汽车内，就不会被射击。类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与将来事实相反从句谓语动词：过去式/were＋不定式/should＋动词原形主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might＋动词原形Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow，wewouldnotgocamping.若明天下雨，我们就不去野营。类别用法例句if引导的条件从句的倒装如果在表示虚拟语气的条件句中含有were，had或should，可将if省略，然后将were，had或should移至主语之前Hadwemadeagreateffort，wemighthavesucceeded.(＝Ifwehadmadeagreateffort，wemighthavesucceeded.)如果我们做出了巨大努力，也许已经成功了。二、从句中的虚拟语气类别用法例句宾语从句表示建议、要求、命令的demand，suggest，order，insist等后接的从句中谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形Hesuggestedthatwe(should)notchangeourmind.他建议我们不应改变主意。wish后的从句中的谓语动词分别用一般过去时、过去完成时和should/would/could/might＋动词原形，它们分别表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反IwishIcouldbeapopsinger.我希望我能成为一名流行歌手。类别用法例句主语从句在“Itisnecessary/important/strange/suggested/demanded/ordered/requested＋that从句”中，谓语动词用should＋动词原形Itisstrangethatsuchapersonshouldbeourfriend.奇怪的是这样一个人成了我们的朋友。类别用法例句表语从句和同位语从句在suggestion，proposal，order，plan，idea，request，advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，其构成是“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.我的意见是在接受之前我们要反复考虑。Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoDalianforavisit.我们都同意他让我们去大连旅游的建议。三、特殊句式中的虚拟语气类别用法例句混合条件句的虚拟语气有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们表示的时间加以调整Ifithadrainedlastnight，itwouldbeverycooltoday.要是昨晚下雨了，今天将会很凉爽。类别用法例句含蓄条件句的虚拟语气(1)用连词otherwise，or，but等暗示前面表示虚拟(2)用butfor，without等介词(短语)表示条件Theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboardbutfortheeffortsofthecaptain.要不是船长的努力，这艘船和船上的一切都将会沉没。类别用法例句其他句型wouldrather所接的从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(对现在虚拟)或者过去完成时(对过去虚拟)Iwouldratheryoustayedathomenow.我宁愿你此刻待在家里。Itis(high)time(that)．..句型中谓语动词用一般过去时或should＋动词原形，should不可省略It’shightimethatweleft.到我们离去的时间了。类别用法例句其他句型ifonly后面的谓语动词常用一般过去时(对现在虚拟)、过去完成时(对过去虚拟)与过去将来时(对将来虚拟)，表示强烈的愿望Ifonlyourdreamhadcometrue!要是我们的梦想都实现了，该多好啊！asif引导的状语从句中谓语动词用一般过去时或过去完成时Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.他们谈话好像已是多年的朋友一样。posted1．I’dratheryou____________

(post)theletterrightaway.2．Noweverybody！It’shightimewe__________________

(start)towork.3．Wewishyou____________

(come)toourEnglisheveninglastweek.4．Ifyou____________

(arrive)earlier,youwouldhaveseenthescientist.started/should

starthad

comehad

arrived5．Thedoctorsuggestedthathe____________

(try)tolosehisweight.6．Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe____________

(put)onaplayattheEnglishevening?7．Itisnecessarythathe_________________

(send)toBeijingrightaway.(should)try(should)put

(should)be

sent8．It’srequestedthatwe____________

(keep)thestabilityofthesocietyforthepeople’speacefullife.9．Ifyouhadn’thelpedus,we_______________________

(notfinish)thewholeworksoeasily.10．Iwasverybusythen,orI_____________________

(help)you.(should)keepwouldn’t

havefinishedwould

have

helped1．IfIhavetime,Iwouldgotoseethechildreninthecentre.____________2．Thedoctorssuggestedtheboywasoperatedonatonce.________________3．Itishightimethatwemakegooduseofeveryminutetostudy.___________________________4．Itisrequestedthateveryonewillgotothelibrarythisweekend.____________5．Butforhissuggestion,wewillnothavefinishedtheworkintwodays.____________have→hadwas→(should)

bemake→made/should

makewill→shouldwill→would如何写议论文

文体感知议论文以讲道理、摆事实为主要表达方式，通过逻辑推理阐明观点、主张。写议论文要注意以下四点：1．找准论点。议论文的主要见解是中心论点。写作时，根据文章的需要，可以在一开始就提出中心论点，也可以在论证过程中提出中心论点。一般情况下，议论文只有一个中心论点。2．掌握论据。用来作为论据的，可以用能揭示事物本质的典型事实，也可以用被实践证明了的正确的理论。3．论证方法。论证就是用论据证明论点的过程。大致分为以下几种：①演绎法，即先提出中心论点，然后分层论证。②归纳法，即先逐层进行分析，然后归纳出中心论点。4．论证方式。论证方式主要有立论和驳论两种。立论是就一定的事件和问题，提出并阐明正面的见解和主张。驳论是就一定的事件和问题，揭露和驳斥错误的见解和主张。英语写作题目受词数所限，一般使用立论。

增分佳句1．Differentpeopleholddifferentopinions.2．Opinionsaredivided.3．Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowards...4．Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.5．Peopletakedifferentviewsonthisquestion.6．...ofthemholdtheopinionthat...7．...ofthemareinfavouroftheideathat...8．Peoplewhoarefor/againsttheideathink...9．Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...10．However，...ofthemholdadifferentview./...ofthemholdtheoppositeopinion.11．Peoplewhoareagainstitdon’tthinkso.12．However，eachcoinhastwosides.13．Differentfromthose...，...peoplethink...14．Ontheotherhand，...peopleobjectthat...

写作要求(2016·重庆天星桥中学高二上学期考试)请你根据下面表格中的提示写一篇100词左右的文章。一些人支持吃绿色食品1.绿色食品种植、生产过程都是在无污染的环境下进行的；2．绿色食品不含对人体有害的农药一些人支持吃传统食品1.绿色食品生产成本高，价格较贵；2．绿色食品多数在大超市卖，购买不是很方便你的观点……ShouldPeopleEatGreenFood?Recentlyourclasshadadiscussiononwhetherpeopleshouldeatgreenfood._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

审题谋篇项目结论体裁议论文话题是否应该吃绿色食品时态一般现在时人称第一人称和第三人称green

food

词句推敲1．词汇①绿色食品____________②生产过程__________________________③有害的化学制品____________________④方便的____________⑤昂贵的____________⑥毕竟____________⑦保持健康____________⑧值得的____________the

process

of

productionharmful

chemicalsconvenientexpensiveafter

allkeep

healthyworthwhile2．句式①还有，它的生产过程中没有有害的化肥，使得吃起来很安全。一般表达：Also,itisproducedwithoutharmfulchemicalsanditmakesitsafetoeat.高级表达：(使用现在分词短语表示结果)________________________________________________________________Also,

it

is

produced

without

harmful

chemicals,

making

it

safe

to

eat.②而且，大多数绿色食品都是在大超市里卖，使得购买不方便。一般表达：What’smore,mostgreenfoodissoldinbigsupermarketsanditmakesitinconvenienttobuy.高级表达：(使用which引导定语从句改写)________________________________________________________________________________________What’s

more,

most

green

food

is

sold

in

big

supermarkets,

which

makes

it

inconvenient

to

buy.③毕竟，健康是最重要的事情，所以吃绿色食品是值得的。一般表达：Afterall,healthisthemostimportanttoeveryoneintheworld，soitisworthwhiletoeatgreenfood.高级表达：(使用比较级的否定形式表示最高级)________________________________________________________________________________________________After

all,

nothing

is

more

important

than

health

to

everyone

in

the

world,

so

it

is

worthwhile

to

eat

green

food.

妙笔成篇_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：ShouldPeopleEatGreenFood?Recentlyourclasshadadiscussiononwhetherpeopleshouldeatgreenfood.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.Somestudentsbelievetheyshouldeatgreenfood,sincetheenvironmentis