山东工艺美术学院《大学英语》2017-2018学年期末试卷

12017-2018学年第一学期期末试卷PleasewriteallofyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.I.GrammarandVocabularyThereare25statementsinthispartandforeachthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatcorrectlycompletesthesentence.(25%)1.Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanybookshop,willgiveyouyouneed.a.alltheinformationb.alltheinformationsc.allofinformationd.alloftheinformations2.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshisorsocialposition.a.curiosityb.statusc.determinationd.significance3.Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmaledrinkers,overallconsumptionissignificantlyhigherthanthatofwomen.a.whoseb.whichc.thatd.what4.IthinkIwasatschool,IwasstayingwithafriendduringthevacationwhenIheardthenews.a.orelseb.andthenc.orsod.evenso5.Inordertoshowhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetooktroubleoverthefigures.a.extensiveb.sparec.extrad.supreme6.Youhimsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.a.shouldn'tfollowb.mustn'tfollowc.couldn'thavebeenfollowingd.shouldn'thavebeenfollowing7.,hedoesgetannoyedwithhersometimes.a.Althoughmuchhelikesherb.Muchalthoughhelikesherc.Ashelikeshermuchd.Muchashelikesher8.Isuggestedheshouldhimselftohisnewconditions.a.adaptb.adoptc.regulated.suit9.Withoutproperlessons,youcouldalotofbadhabitswhenplayingthepiano.a.keepupb.pickupc.drawupd.catchup10.receivingfinancialsupportfromfamily,communityorthegovernmentisallowed,2itisneveradmired.a.Asb.Oncec.Althoughd.Lest11.Thisfirmhasintroducedanewpolicypayrisesarerelatedtoperformanceatwork.a.whereb.whetherc.whichd.what12.HowcanIeverconcentrateifyoucontinuallymewithsillyquestions?a.have…interruptedb.had…interruptedc.are…interruptingd.were…interrupting13.Comeandseemewhenever.a.youareconvenientb.youwillbeconvenientc.itisconvenientforyoud.itwillbeconvenienttoyou14.Iwastohavemadeaspeechif.a.Ihadnotbeencalledawayb.Iwasnotcalledawayc.nobodywouldhavecalledmeawayd.nobodycalledmeaway15.heneededmoneyforanewcar,hedecidednottoborrowitfromthebank.a.Muchasb.Muchthoughc.Asmuchd.Thoughmuch16.Hisstrongsenseofhumorwasmakeeveryoneintheroomburstoutlaughing.a.soastob.suchastoc.sothatd.suchthat17.Thethreementriedmanytimestosneakacrosstheborderintotheneighboringcountry, bythepoliceeachtime.a.onlytobecapturedb.hadbeencapturedc.beingalwayscapturedd.unfortunatelycaptured18.Itisnotsomuchthelanguagetheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.a.butb.norc.asd.like19.He’sasa“bellyacher”------he’salwayscomplainingaboutsomething.a.whoisknownb.whatisknownc.whomisknownd.whichisknown20.Itispredictedthatexistingreservesoffossilfuelby2045.a.havebeenrunoutb.aregoingtoberunoutc.willhaverunoutd.haverunout21.Theownerandcaptainrefusedtoleaveshipwhichwassinking.a.hisb.ac.theird./22.Thereismandownstairswaitingforyou.a.anyb.somec.fewd.not23.ThebookconcerningtheSecondWorldWarisworth.3a.tobereadb.toreadc.beingreadd.reading24.willberealized,thisisperhapsthebiggestproblemsofalltoovercome.a.Itb.Asc.Thatd.This25.Ithoughtthingswouldgetbetter,buttheyaregettingworse.a.asitwereb.asitisc.asitwasd.asisitII.ReadingComprehensionInthispartthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthecorrectanswer.(30%)Passage1ForanincreasingnumberofstudentsatAmericanuniversities,Oldissuddenlyin.Thereasonisobvious:thegrayingofAmericameansjobs.Coupledwiththeagingofthebaby-boom(生育高峰)generation,alongerlifespanmeansthatthenation'selderlypopulationisboundtoexpandsignificantlyoverthenext50years.By2050,25percentofallAmericanswillbeolderthan65,upfrom14percentin1995.Thechangeposesprofoundquestionsforgovernmentandsociety,ofcourse.Butitalsocreatescareeropportunitiesinmedicineandhealthprofessions,andinlawandbusinessaswell."Inadditiontothedoctors,we'regoingtoneedmoresociologists,biologists,urbanplannersandspecializedlawyers,"saysProfessorEdwardSchneideroftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia's(USC)SchoolofGerontology(老年学).Lawyerscanspecializein"elderlaw,"whichcoverseverythingfromtrustsandestatestonursing-homeabuseandagediscrimination(歧视).Businessmenseehugeopportunitiesintheeldermarketbecausethebabyboomers,74millionstrong,arelikelytobethewealthiestgroupofretireesinhumanhistory."Anystudentwhocombinesanexpertknowledgeingerontologywith,say,anMBAorlawdegreewillhavealicensetoprintmoney,"oneprofessorsays.MargariteSantosisa21-year-oldsenioratUSC.Shebegancollegeasabiologymajorbutfoundshewas"reallyboredwithbacteria."Soshetookaclassingerontologyanddiscoveredthatshelikedit.Shesays,"Ididvolunteerworkinretirementhomesanditwasverysatisfying."41."…Oldissuddenlyin"(Line1,Para.1)mostprobablymeans"".A)AmericahassuddenlybecomeanationofoldpeopleB)gerontologyhassuddenlybecomepopularC)moreelderlyprofessorsarefoundonAmericancampusesD)Americancollegeshaverealizedtheneedofenrollingolderstudents2.WiththeagingofAmerica,lawyerscanbenefit.A)fromtheadoptionofthe"elderlaw"B)fromrenderingspecialservicestotheelderlyC)byenrichingtheirprofessionalknowledgeD)bywinningthetrustoftheelderlytopromotetheirowninterests3.Whycanbusinessmenmakemoneyintheemergingeldermarket?A)Retireesaremoregenerousinspendingmoney.B)Theycanemploymoregerontologists.C)Theelderlypossessanenormouspurchasingpower.D)Therearemoreelderlypeopleworkingthanbefore.4.Whocanmakebigmoneyinthenewcenturyaccordingtothepassage?A)Retireeswhoarebusiness-minded.B)Thevolunteerworkersinretirementhomes.C)CollegegraduateswithanMBAorlawdegree.D)Professionalswithagoodknowledgeofgerontology.5.ItcanbeseenfromthepassagethattheexpansionofAmerica'selderlypopulation.________A)willprovidegoodjobopportunitiesinmanyareasB)willimposeanunbearableburdenonsocietyC)mayleadtonursinghomeabuseandagediscriminationD)willcreatenewfieldsofstudyinuniversitiesPassage2Engineeringstudentsaresupposedtobeexamplesofpracticalityandrationality,butwhenitcomestomycollegeeducationIamanidealistandafool.InhighschoolIwantedtobeanelectricalengineerand,ofcourse,anysensiblestudentwithmyaimswouldhavechosenacollegewithalargeengineeringdepartment,famousreputationandlotsofgoodlabsandresearchequipment.Butthat'snotwhatIdid.Ichosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberalarts(文科)universitythatdoesn'tevenoffer5amajorinelectricalengineering.Obviously,thiswasnotapracticalchoice;Icamehereformorenoblereasons.Iwantedabroadeducationthatwouldprovidemewithflexibilityandavaluesystemtoguidemeinmycareer.Iwantedtoopenmyeyesandexpandmyvisionbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoweren'tstudyingscienceorengineering.Myparents,teachersandotheradultspraisedmeforsuchasensiblechoice.TheytoldmeIwaswiseandmaturebeyondmy18years,andIbelievedthem.IheadedofftocollegesureIwasgoingtohaveanadvantageoverthosestudentswhowenttobigengineering"factories"wheretheydidn'tcareifyouhadvaluesorwereflexible.Iwasgoingtobeacompleteengineer:technicalgeniusandsensitivehumanist(人文学者)allinone.NowI'mnotsosure.Somewherealongthewaymynobleidealscrashedintoreality,asallnobleidealseventuallydo.Afterthreeyearsofstrugglingtobalancemath,physicsandengineeringcourseswithliberalartscourses,Ihavelearnedtherearereasonswhyfewengineeringstudentstrytoreconcile(协调)engineeringwithliberal|artscoursesincollege.Therealitythathasblockedmypathtobecomethetypicalsuccessfulstudentisthatengineeringandtheliberalartssimplydon'tmixaseasilyasIassumedinhighschool.Individuallytheyshapeapersoninverydifferentways;togethertheythreatentoconfuse.Thestruggletoreconcilethetwofieldsofstudyisdifficult.6.Theauthorchosetostudyengineeringatasmallliberal-artsuniversitybecausehe.A)wantedtobeanexampleofpracticalityandrationalityB)intendedtobeacombinationofengineerandhumanistC)wantedtocoordinateengineeringwithliberal-artscoursesincollegeD)intendedtobeasensiblestudentwithnobleideals7.Accordingtotheauthor,byinteractingwithpeoplewhostudyliberalarts,engineeringstudentscan.A)balanceengineeringandtheliberalartsB)receiveguidanceintheircareersC)becomenobleidealistsD)broadentheirhorizons8.Intheeyesoftheauthor,asuccessfulengineeringstudentisexpected.A)tohaveanexcellentacademicrecordB)tobewiseandmatureC)tobeimaginativewithavaluesystemtoguidehim6D)tobeatechnicalgeniuswithawidevision9.Theauthor'sexperienceshowsthathewas.A)creativeB)ambitiousC)unrealisticD)irrational10.Theword"they"in"...togethertheythreatentoconfuse."(Line3,Para.5)refersto._______A)engineeringandtheliberalartsB)realityandnobleidealsC)flexibilityandavaluesystemD)practicalityandrationalityPassage3MoreAmericansarecohabiting-livingtogetheroutofwedlock-thanever.Someexpertsapplaudthepractice,butotherswarnplayinghousedoesn’talwaysleadtomaritalbliss.AtonetimeinAmerica,livingtogetheroutofwedlockwasscandalous.Unmarriedcoupleswho“shackedup”weresaidtobe“livinginsin.”Indeed,cohabitationwasillegalthroughoutthecountryuntilabout1970.(Itremainsillegalin12states,althoughthelawsarerarely,ifever,enforced.)Today,statisticstelladifferenttale.Thenumberofunwedcoupleslivingtogetherhasrisentoanewhigh-morethan4.1millionasofMarch1997,accordingtotheCensusBureau.Thatfigurewasupfrom3.96millioncouplesthepreviousyearandrepresentsaquantumleapfromthe430,000cohabitingcouplescountedin1960.Thebureaufoundthatcohabitingismostpopularinthe24-to-35agegroup,accountingfor1.6millionsuchcouples.Cohabitantssaytheylivetogetherprimarilytosolidifytheirloveandcommitmenttoeachother,studiesreport.Mostintendtomarry;only13percentofcohabitantsdon’texpecttomaketheirrelationshiplegal.Buttherealityformanycouplesisdifferent:Movingindoesn’tleadto“happilyeverafter.”Fortypercentofcohabitantsnevermakeittothealtar.Ofthe60percentwhodomarry,morethanhalfdivorcewithin10years(comparedwith30percentofmarriedcoupleswhodidn’tlivetogetherfirst).Cohabitingpartnersaremoreunfaithfulandfightmoreoftenthanmarriedcouples,accordingtoresearchbytheHowardCenterforFamily,ReligionandSociety.Otherstudieshavecometoequallydourconclusions.Still,expertspredictthenumberofcohabitingcouplesislikelytogrow.Asthechildrenofthebabyboomerscomeofage,they’relikelytodefermarriage,asdidtheirparents.Thiswillleadtomorecohabitationandnontraditionalfamilies.AnalystRobertKnightoftheFamilyResearchCouncilagreesthetrendwillholdforthenearfuture.Untilpeoplediscoverthatlivingtogetherhaspitfalls,itwon’twaneinpopularity,saysKnight,authorofAgeofConsent:7TheRiseofRelativismandCorruptionofPopularCulture.Cohabitinghasbeenportrayedwith“carefulneutrality”inthemedia,andHollywoodcelebritieswhomoveinandoutofeachother'shomessetthestandard.ButWarrenFarrell,theSanDiego-basedauthorofWhyMenAretheWayTheyAre,arguesthatlivingtogetherisagoodideaforashortperiod.“Tomakethejumpfromdating,whenweputourbestfootforward,tobeingmarried”-withoutshowingeachotherthe“shadowsideofourselves”-istotreatmarriagefrivolously,hesays.11.Itissuggestedinthepassagethat.A.cohabitationisstillillegalinallthestatesintheUnitedStatesbutpeopledoitanywayB.peoplebelieveitissinfulforunmarriedcouplestolivetogetherC.mostofmarriedpeoplehavehadsomeexperienceofcohabitingwithsomeoneD.unmarriedcouplesalmostneverencounterlegaltroublesforlivingtogether12.Basedonthenumbersprovidedinthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat.A.thenumberofcohabitingcoupleshasgoneuptremendouslysincethe1960sB.cohabitationdidnotbecomelegalintheUnitedStatesuntil1960C.mostofthecoupleslivingtogethereventuallydon’tgetmarriedD.divorcerateamongthecohabitantsissimilartothatofthemarriedcoupleswhodidn’tlivetogetherfirst13.Intheyear1996,thenumberofpeopleinvolvedincohabitationswas.A.4.1millionB.3.96millionC.430,000D.1.6million14.Expertssaythecurrenttrendofcohabitationwillpersistbecause.A.youngpeopletodayoftentimescomefrombrokenfamiliesB.peopleareoftenunawareofthedangeroflivingtogetherC.peopletendtofollowtheexamplesofHollywoodcelebritieswhoareofteninvolvedincohabitationD.bothBandC15.Whatdoestheword“frivolously”(lastparagraph,lastline)mostprobablymean?A.emotionallyB.lightlyC.responsiblyD.falselyIII.Close(10%)Ihaveoftenwondered(1)thesavageryandthoughtlessnesswithwhichourearlysettlersapproachedthisrichcontinent.Theycameatitasthoughit(2)anenemy,whichofcourseitwas.Theyburnedtheforestsandchangedtherainfall;theysweptthebuffalo8fromtheplains,scythethroughthevirginandnobletimber.Perhapstheyfeltthatitwas(3)andcouldneverbeexhaustedandthatamancouldmoveontonewwonders________endlessly.Certainlytherearemanyexamplestothecontrary,buttoalargeextenttheearlypeoplepillagedthecountryas