广东省珠海一中、惠州一中高三第二次模拟考试新高考英语试卷及答案解析

广东省珠海一中、惠州一中高三第二次模拟考试新高考英语试卷请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Thediningroomiscleanandtidy,withatablealready______forabigmeal． A.beinglaidB．laying C．tolay D．laid2．Theproblemliesin______we’renowgivinghimafish,notteachinghimhowtofish.A．what B．thatC．which D．if3．I______tellyouwithcertaintythathewon’tbeabletofinishitbeforethedeadline.A．willB．mustC．canD．may4．WorldFoodDayisheldeachyeartounderlinetheprogressthat________againsthungerandthatstillneedstobemade.A．ismade B．wasmadeC．hasbeenmade D．willbemade5．Isthisyourcellphone,Tony?I________itwhenIwascleaningtheclassroom.A．cameacross B．dealtwithC．lookedafter D．heldonto6．PleasewearyourbestclothesonMonday,asyourclassphotos______then.A．willtakeB．willbetakenC．havetakenD．havebeentaken7．carefullyforlongtime,theopeningceremonywonagreatsuccess.A．HavingpreparedB．TobepreparedC．BeingpreparedD．Havingbeenprepared8．—Whataboutwatchingaballetshowthisevening?—Thanksforinvitingme,butballetisn’treally______.A．theappleofmyeye B．myfeetofclayC．mycupoftea D．thesaltoftheearth9．Justasthefamousman_____it,“Anythingonemancanimagine,othermencanmake____real.”A．says,it B．put,/ C．says,/ D．put,them10．Itisafoolishactto________notesduringatestasyouwillbeseverelypunished.A．stickto B．referto C．keepto D．pointto11．Theboythefirstprize,buthewassocarelessastomakeafoolishmistake.A．musthavegained B．needhavegainedC．couldhavegained D．shallhavegained12．Itissometimessaidthatasocietycanbejudged____thewayitcares____itsweakestmembers.A．on;about B．by;for C．under;with D．with;on13．Someexpertsfearthattoo-early________tocomputerswillhaveharmfulconsequencesforchildren’sdevelopment.A．exposure B．extensionC．exhibition D．expansion14．---IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.---That’s_______Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A．how B．when C．where D．what15．InAustralia,manyroadsignsarenowbothinEnglishandChinese,______iteasierforChinesetouriststotravel.A．makingB．madeC．makeD．makes16．Ifyou___________tomyadvicecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchaterriblemistake.A．listened B．havelistenedC．wouldlisten D．hadlistened17．Thegovernmentspokesmanhasto________hiswordsbeforerespondingtoreporters.A．pass B．weigh C．cover D．express18．WiththenuclearcrisisworseninginIran,theworld’sattentionisfixedagainon________iscalledtheMiddleEast.A．which B．what C．that D．it19．Frankly,Istillfeelconfusedabout_________hecouldmanagewithoutaccesstotheInternetforsuchalongtime.A．what B．why C．that D．how20．ltwasinDecember,2018________ChairmanXiandPresidentTrumpmetinArgentina.A．when B．thatC．before D．since第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Ratherthanrollingyoureyeswhenit’syourturntobowyourheadandgivethanks,trybeinggrateful.Theresultjustmightbegoodforyou,fromimprovingyourfeelingtoyourrelationships.Ifyoudon’twanttovoiceyourgratitude,writingalettermaywork,accordingtovariousstudiesbySteveToepferofKentStateUniversityandhiscolleagues.Toepferandhiscolleagueshad219studentswithanaverageageof25filloutquestionnaires（问卷）tomeasuretheirhappiness.Theyreturnedtothelabtofilloutthesurveythreemoretimes,witheachvisitaboutaweekapart.Someofthestudentswrotealetterofgratitudeeachtimetheyreturnedtothelab,whilethecontrolgroupdidn’twriteaboutbeingthankful.“Theletterwriterswereinstructedtowritealetterofgratitudetoanyonetheywanted,however,thelettercouldn’tbea‘thankyou’noteforagift,”Toepfersaid.“Theparticipantshadtowriteaboutsomethingthatwasimportanttothem.”Theresultsshowedthattheirlevelsofhappinessandlifesatisfactionimprovedaftereachlettertheywrote.Inaddition,depressivesymptomsdecreasedovertimewiththeletterwriting.Gratitudedoesn’tjustcheeryouup—itcanimproveyourhealthandenergylevelsaswell.A2007studyconductedbyresearchersfoundthatorgan-transplant(器官移植)receiverswhokept“gratitudejournals”listingfivethingsorpeoplethattheyweregratefulforeachdayscoredbetteronmeasuresofgeneralhealth,andmentalhealththanthosewhoonlymaderoutinenotesabouttheirdays.Asuccessfulrelationshipmaydependonyourgratitude.Researchreportedin2011lookingatmorethan65coupleswhowereinsatisfyingrelationshipsshowedthateachcouple’srelationshipqualitycorrespondedwithonepartner’sfeelingsofgratitude.Researchersshowthatonepartnerexpressedfeelingsofgratitude;bothpartnersexperiencedapositiveemotionalresponse.1、Accordingtothepassage,ifyouwanttogetalongwellwithothers,you’dbetter________.A．writeletterstothemfrequentlyB．paymoreattentiontotheirfeelingsC．showyourthanksfromtimetotimeD．takecareofthemwhentheyareinneed2、Theunderlinedphrase“thecontrolgroup”inParagraph2referstothegroupthat_________.A．iscoldtoothers’kindnessB．isnotgoodatwritinglettersC．isunwillingtoexpresstheirfeelingsD．isnotallowedtowritethank-youletters3、Fromthepassagewecaninferthatpeoplewhooftenshowgratitudearelesslikelytobe__________.A．nervousB．carelessC．depressedD．optimistic4、Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_________.A．it’sbettertowriteathank-youletterthantosaygratitudewithwordsB．theresultsofdifferentwaysofshowinggratitudeareallthesameC．thegoodrelationshipofeachcoupleisbasedontrustD．gratitudeisbeneficialtohealth5、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhyyoushouldbegratefulB．WaysofchangingyourfeelingC．HowtoshowyourgratitudetoothersD．Thank-youletters’roletohumanrelations22．（8分）DavidHepworthandEricWhale,twoScottishmaterialscientists,werelookingforsmartwaystoreusefoodwastewhentheyfiguredouthowtomakenanofibers（纳米纤维）outofleftoversfromcarrotjuice.Thecellulose（纤维素）incarrotsandotherrootvegetables,unlikeotherfibrousmaterialslikewoodorcotton,iseasytoseparateoutfromtherestofthebiowaste.ThescientistscallthematerialCurran,aftertheGaelicwordforcarrot.Andtheysetouttoshowthatitcouldbeusedtoreplaceglassorcarbonfibers.Theysayit'snearlytwiceasstrongandslightlylighterthancarbon.Theywouldjustgotobuyintheirlocalgrocerystore.Buttheysoonrealizedthatthecarrotactuallyworkedwellandthattheycouldturntoagriculturalwastetosourcetheirmaterial.Theyfoundthatthesmartest,mostecologicallyresponsibleuseforthenanofiberswasforprotectivesportinggoods.Andinparticular,motorcyclehelmets,whichhavetobebothstrongandlight.That'sright:Motorcyclehelmetsofthefuturemightbemadefromcarrots,notcarbon.Thequestionhere,firstofall,wastoseewhatcouldbeapossiblemarketforsuchanewfiber,fromanecologicalpointbutalsofromtheeconomicandtechnicalanglestoo,"DavidHepworthsays.That'swherethehelmetcomesin.Theyfoundthatprotectivesportinggoods,whichneedstiff,strong,lightfibersandloweconomicoverhead,weresomeofthebestusecasesforCurran.DavidHepworthandhisteamarealsolookingatthepossibilityofusingitinsurfboardsandinsulation（隔离板）formobilehomes.Thechallengenowistakingthematerialfromthelabtomassproduction.And,makingsurethatit'sstillecologicallysmartonagranderscale.Itdoesn'tmakesensetodevelopamaterialfrombiowasteifthere'snouseforit.Orifturningitintoauseableproducttakesmoreenergythanthenon-renewablechoice.1、WhywasthecarrotchosenbytheScottishscientistsatfirst?A．Itworkedbest.B．Itcouldbeconvenienttoget.C．Itiseasytobebrokenintopieces.D．Itdidlittleharmtotheenvironment.2、WhatisspecialaboutCurrancomparedwithotherfibers?A．Itsshape.B．Itslength.C．Itsquality.D．Itsweight.3、Whichisachallengeforusingthenewmaterialmentionedatpresent?A．Howtouseitwidely.B．Howtomakeitcheaper.C．Howtostudyitoutofthelab.D．Flowtogetitinlargeamounts.4、Whichcanbestserveasthetitleforthetext?A．WaystoReuseBiologicalWastesB．ComingHelmetsMadeofCarrotsC．TheSolutionstoDangerousRidingD．TheChallengeinProducingHelmets23．（8分）Asharkmovingaroundthecoastlineisnormallyaworryingsight，butthiswaterbornedrone(无人机)threatensfloatingrubbishinsteadofpeople.DevelopedbyDutchcompanyRanMarine,theWasteSharktakesnatureasitsinspirationwithitswhaleshark-likemouth.Responsibleforcollectingwaste,thedronewillbeginoperationsinDubaiMarinainNovemberafterayearoftrialswithlocalpartnerEcocoast.AccordingtoRanMarine,theWasteSharkisavailableinbothautonomousandremote-controlledmodels.Measuringjustoverfivefeetbythree-and-a-halffeet(1.5metersby1.1meter)，itcancarryupto352poundsofrubbish(159.6kg)andhasanoperationalbatterylifeof16hours.By2016therewereapproximately150milliontonsofplasticintheworld'soceans.OnepaperfromDecember2014estimatedthatoveraquarterofamilliontonsofoceanplasticpollutionwasafloat."WasteSharkalsohastheabilitiestogatherairandwaterqualitydata,removechemicalsoutofthewatersuchasoil，andheavymetals，andscantheseabedtoreaditsdepthandoutlines，"saidOliverCunningham,oneoftheco-foundersofRanMarine."Fittedwithacollision-avoidancesystem,thedroneuseslaserimagingdetectionandrangingtechnologytodetectanobjectinitspathandstoporbackupiftheobjectapproaches.""Ourdronesaredesignedtomovethroughawatersystem,whetherit'saroundtheperimeter(周边)orthroughthecityitself.Thedronesarethatlastlineofdefensebetweenthecityandtheopenocean,"addedCunningham."WasteSharksareoperatinginDubai,SouthAfricaandtheNetherlandsandcost$17,000fortheremote-controlledmodelandjustunder$23,000fortheautonomousmodel."Dubai-basedoperatorEcocoasthastwoWasteSharkdrones.Co-founderDanaLipartssaystheywillcleanwaterfrontsforclientsincludinghotelsandenvironmentalauthoritiesandthatEcocoast'intentionistohavethecollectedrubbishrecycledorupcycled.However,Lipartsarguesthatcleaningwaterwaysdoesn'thaveaone-size-fits-allsolutionandrequiresacombinationofnewtechnology,preventativemeasuresandchangingpeople'sattitudestowardslittering.1、WhatdoweknowabouttheWasteShark?A．Itcanfrightensharksaway. B．Itisanoceanexplorer.C．Itisarubbishcollector. D．Itcancatchfishinsteadofpeople.2、WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A．Thecausesofoceanpollution. B．Thedangersofusingplastics.C．Theseverityofoceangarbagepollution. D．Theimportanceofoceanprotection.3、WhatwilltheWasteSharkdowithanapproachingobject?A．Avoidcrashingintoit. B．Breakitintopieces.C．Swallowit. D．Flyoverit.4、WhichofthefollowingideasdoesLipartsagreewith?A．TheWasteSharkshouldbeusedmorewidely.B．Moremeasuresshouldbetakentomakewaterclean.C．TheproductioncostofWasteSharksshouldbereduced.D．Peopleshouldtakeapositiveattitudetonewtechnology.24．（8分）Whenwethinkaboutendangeredspecies,wetypicallythinkofmammalssuchaswhales,tigersorpandas.Buttheover5,500ofmammalspeciesonEarthisarelativelypoornumber—anditpalesincomparisonwithbacteria,ofwhichthereareatleastamilliondifferentspecies.Despitetheirvastnumbers,littleresearchhasbeendonetounderstandtheimpactthatmodernhumanpracticeshaveonthesetinyorganisms（生物）,whichhaveanimportantinfluenceonmanyaspectsofourlives.Therearealsoreasonsforconcernoverthewayhumansareaffectingbacterialspecies,andinmanycaseswearecausingthesametypeofproblemsthataffectlargerorganisms.Bacterialpopulationstructuresaredefinitelychanging,andbacterialspeciesarebeingtransportedtonewlocations.Perhapssomebacteriaareevenontheirwaytoextinction,althoughwedon’treallyhaveenoughinformationtobecertainyet.Whyshouldwecareifbacteriaarebeingspreadtonewplaces?Besidestheobviouspotentialforspreadingdiseasestohumans,animalsandcrops,therearealsohiddendangers.Microorganismsareinvisibletothenakedeye,sowetendtoignorethemanddon’tnecessarilyappreciatetheirroleinhowtheplanetoperates.Bacteriaareveryimportanttobiogeochemistry—thecyclingofnutritionandotherchemicalsthroughecosystems.Forinstance,beforehumansinventedawaytomakefertilizerindustrially,everysinglenitrogen（氮）atominourproteinsandDNAhadtobechemicallycaughtbyabacterialcellbeforeitcouldbetakeninbyplantsandthenenterthehumanfoodchain.Theoxygenwebreatheislargelymadebymicroorganismsintheoceansratherthanmainlybyrainforests,asisoppositetocommonbelief.Oureffectsonbacteriahavethepotentialtochangethesebasicbacterialfunctions.Itisvitaltogainabetterunderstandingofhowhumansareaffectingmicroorganisms’distribution,theirabundance,andtheirlife-keepingprocesses.Althoughbacteriaareinvisible,weoverlookthematourownrisk.1、Whatcanbelearnedaboutthebacteriaaccordingtothetext?A．Theirpopulationisbecominglarger.B．Someofthemmaybecomeendangeredspecies.C．Theyonlycausegreatthreattoothercreatures.D．Muchattentionhasbeendrawntotheirresearches.2、Whatwasthefirststepofthecyclingofanitrogenatombeforeenteringourbody?A．Beingcaughtbyabacterialcell.B．Enteringthehumanfoodchain.C．Beingtransportedbyhumans.D．Beingtakeninbyplants.3、Whereisthemajorityofoxygenproducedaccordingtothetext?A．Inthehumanfoodchain.B．Intherainforest.C．Inthemountains.D．Intheoceans.4、Whichpartofthenewspaperisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Scienceandtechnology.B．Healthandmedicine.C．Agricultureandanimals.D．Environmentandenergy.25．（10分）IfyouareheadingforParisthisyear,besuretoincludeatleastoneoftheseshoppingmallsinyourschedule.AuPrintempsTel:01133014282LocatedneartheParisOpera,thishugestoreiswell-knownforhouseholdgoodsaswellasitsfashion.Thestorealsooffersmanyservicestooverseasvisitors,includingshipping,translationandapersonalshoppingservice.AuPrintemps,whosenamemeansspringtime,hostsseveralfreefashionshowseachweek.Thestore’sbeautydepartmenthasoneoftheworld’slargestselectionsofperfumes.GaleriesLafayetteTel:01133014283TheGaleriesLafayettewasbuiltin1906.Itisasmuchfuntolookatasitistoshopinthis10-storeyshoppingpalace.Infact,theflagshipstoreisthesecondmostvisitedattractioninParis,aftertheLouvreMuseum.Thisshoppingpalacespecializesinwomen’sclothing.Makesuretotakeintheviewfromtheteashoponthetopfloor;it’swellworththevisit.LeBonMarcheTel:01133014439ThisstylishLeftBankdepartmentstorewasParis’firstsuchstore.DesignedbyGustaveEiffel,LeBonMarcheisparticularlyknownforitsfoodhall,itsweddingshopsanditsselectionofmodernclothes.LaForumdesHallesTel:01133014476Thismodern,undergroundshoppingcenterwasbuiltin1979.LaForumdesHalles,thethree-storey-tallshoppingcenterofferseverythingfromsouvenirstohautecouture(高级女子时装)toentertainment,suchasfirst-runmoviesandstreetperformers.TheshoppingcenterisattachedtothebusyLaHalle-ChateletmetrostationandcanbeeasilyreachedfromalloverParis.1、Whichofthefollowingplacesattractsthemostvisitorsaccordingtothepassage?A．TheLouvreMuseum.B．TheParisOpera.C．LaForumdesHalles.D．AuPrintemps.2、Whichofthestorespaysitsspecialattentiontowomen’sdressing?A．LeBonMarche.B．AuPrintemps.C．LaForumdesHalles.D．GaleriesLafayette.3、Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．AuPrintempsisfamousforitsfoodhallB．LaForumdesHallesisnexttothemetrostationC．theclothesinLeBonMarcheareusuallyverycheapD．theteashopthatisworthvisitingisontheninthfloorofGaleriesLafayette第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Parents，theyareheretoclotheus，feedusand，embarrassus．Sixteenisa1ripeageforembarrassmentandpoorRainPriceofUtahwasno2Itwasthebeginningofhishighschoolyearandhisfirsttimeto3thebus．SoitwasreallyembarrassingwhenhisdadDale4himoff．Afterschool，he5hismomRochelletostopDalefromdoingitagain．Guesswhooverheard？ToRain's6，notonlydidthefatherdecidetogoonwavinghissongoodbye，7hedecidedtosendhimoffdressedincostume．Butthiswasn'taone﹣time8：Daledressedupindifferentclothesevery9dayfor170straightschooldays，"Whenhediditthefirstday，Iwasinshock．Youdon'twanttoseeyourdaddressingupinaweddingdress，wavingatyouonthe10．"RaintoldtheMetro，towhichhisdad11，"Ihopethisliveswithhimfortherestofhislife．"Dalemadehis12goodbyeonandon，fromtheLittleMermaidtotheWonderWoman．Dalebecame13asthe"WaveAtTheBusDad''，comingoutinthemoststrangeandfunnycostumesandneverrepeatingthesame14Hesaidheonlyspentaround$50thewholeyearandreliedonfriendsandneighborsto15himcostumeandothermaterials．Sothefamilycould16theincidentswiththerestoftheworld．Rochellecreatedablogto17allthecostumes．Rainisnowallgrownupat19．Hestill18Daleasablushingbride，"Intheend，itwasjust19．Iwaslaughingonthebusthewholeway．Iam20ofhim．1、A．hopefully B．slightly C．particularly D．quietly2、A．use B．way C．excuse D．exception3、A．ride B．see C．follow D．choose4、A．kissed B．waved C．hugged D．chased5、A．ordered B．begged C．advised D．persuaded6、A．joy B．sorrow C．relief D．disappointment7、A．and B．but C．so D．while8、A．event B．incident C．accident D．affair9、A．other B．busy C．single D．happy10、A．bus B．bike C．subway D．train11、A．stuck B．objected C．responded D．adapted12、A．special B．beautiful C．considerate D．valuable13、A．regarded B．treated C．scolded D．known14、A．time B．look C．place D．location15、A．hand B．show C．lend D．award16、A．learn B．discuss C．share D．overcome17、A．document B．house C．book D．name18、A．doubted B．confused C．blamed D．remembered19、A．fun B．popularity C．reputation D．complaint20、A．critical B．confident C．ashamed D．proud第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）ShoppinginSingaporeisreallyapleasurefortourists.TheGreatSingaporeSale1．(hold)everyyear,usuallyduringthesummermonths.Singapore’sfamousshoppingstoreswelcomeagreatnumberofvisitorsfromallovertheworld.2．(they)shoppinghourslasttillmidnight.Duringthistime,niceandcheapgoodsare3．salefortouriststochoosefrom.TouristscanalsotrydeliciousfoodthereandexperiencetheSingaporeannightlife.Certainstoresofferdiscountsofupto70%oreven4．(high)ifpeopleusetheircreditcards.Fortourists5．holdaspecialTouristCard,theycanenjoyalotofbenefits,suchasdiscountson6．(watch),jewelryandcosmetics.Thecardalso7．(give)discountswhenyouvisitlocalattractionssuchasSingaporeZoo.Itiswellworth8．(wander)aroundthedifferentshoppingdistrictsofSingaporeduringthis8-weekSingaporeSale.OrchardRoadis9．(sure)thebestplaceforshoppinginthecity.Alargenumberofrestaurantsandclubscanbefoundinthisarea.MarinaBayincludesbothbigdepartmentsandsmallshops,10．almosteverythingyouwouldwanttobuycanbefoundhere.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。刪除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。OneafternooninFebruary,myclassmatesandIwasonthewaytothecinema、Suddenlyanoldwomanfallsdownheavilyduetothegroundcoveringwiththickice、Seeingwhathadhappened、Wedialed120withoutasecondthought、Onsuchcoldweather,westayedwithheruntiltheambulancecametoscene、Andthentheyleftforthecinema、Althoughwewerelaterforthefilm,weallthoughtitwasworthwhile、Afterall,helppeopleinneedisagoodwaytoobtainjoyandhappy、Nowweallrememberthedaywhichwespentittogether、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假设你叫李华，是班上的英语科代表。你班外籍教师Peter希望在毕业前夕组织一个班级英语晚会，并征询你的意见。请你给Peter写封邮件，就晚会的时间地点、形式和内容等方面提出想法并分别陈述理由。注意：1.词数100左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearPeter,LasttimeyouaskedmetosaysomethingabouttheEnglishgraduationparty.Herearemysuggestions.______________________________