2023-2024学年江苏省南京市江宁区高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年江苏省南京市江宁区高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。ATherearefourhealthyandtastyrecipes（食谱）thatyoucaneasilyprepareathome.

Lemonpudding

Ifyouwanttostartyourdaywithabrightsmile，thiscreamy，sweetandspicyrecipewillsurelyworkforyou.Itperfectlycombinesthegreattasteoflemonandhoney.Withtheeaseofpreparationofthefood，greattasteandmanyhealthbenefits，thisisagreatdessertaddedtoyourbreakfastmenu.

Curried（咖喱）chickensoup

Forthisrecipe，yourchickenwillbecookedinsweet-smellingsoupwithbutterandsweetpotatoes.Tomakethesoup，youwillneedcurrypowder，tomatoes，chicken，redwine，butter，andmilk.Letyourselfenjoythisgratefulmealasarewardforthelonghoursoftiringwork.

Orangecarrotsmoothie（奶昔）

Prepareyourselfahealthydrinktostartyourday.Orangecarrotsmoothieisaneasy-to-preparerecipethatwillgiveyouacreamyandcoldsmoothiethatwillleaveawonderfultaste，whichwillmakeyouaskformore.Withthegreatorangetaste，yourdayissuretobemade.Thecarrotflavoralsoperfectlyaddsthemixofvegetablesweetnessforaone-of-a-kindandtastybreakfastdrink.

Boiledeggtoastwithbutter

Ifyoulovesimpleflavor-packedandhealthymeals，thistoastisjusttheone.Makeyoureggtoasttothenextlevelthroughaddingbutter.Thisrecipewillcombineagreatflavorcombinationthatwillsurelysatisfyyou.Witheatingsomeforyourbreakfast，lunchorevenforyourdinner，eatinghasneverbeenaswellasitiswiththistoast.1.Whatdoweknowaboutlemonpudding？______A.Itmakesyousmilethewholeday.

B.Ithasthetasteoflemonandhoney.

C.Itishardtoprepareathome.

D.Itisagreatadditiontoyoursuppermenu.2.Ofthefollowingrecipes，whichisthebestchoiceaftertiringwork？______A.Lemonpudding. B.Orangecarrotsmoothie.

C.Curriedchickensoup. D.Boiledeggtoastwithbutter.3.Whatisspecialaboutboiledeggtoastwithbutter？______A.Itincludessomebutter. B.Itissimpleandhealthy.

C.Itbenefitsourhealth. D.Itissuitablefor3mealsaday.BWhenawomanwastalkativewhilecheckingoutataDollarGeneral，hercashier，EmilyDuneandidn'tthinkmuchofit.Butshestayedattentiveasthe85-year-oldtoldheraboutherself.Amanbehindherinlinenoticedwhatwashappening，too.

GeraldSwindlewasinahurrytogohuntingthatdayandwasabitannoyedwithhowlongtheirconversationwasgoing.ButasGeraldwaitedforhisturn，hisattitudebegantochange.Notonlydidheconcludethathuntingwasn'tmoreimportantthantheirconversation，butfoundhimselfcaptivatedbywhattheelderlywomansaidoncehestoppedtolisten.

"Youwerepatientwiththislady，"Geraldlatersaidinavideorecallingwhathadhappened."Youdidnothingbutfollowedherconversation，listeningtoeverywordshesaid，andneverrushingher."

Headded，"Youshowedmewhatpeopleoughttobe.Sometimesitmightbetheonlypersontheytalktothisweek.YouinspiredmeandsometimesIneedthat，soIappreciateit."

Sincepostingthevideoonline，it'sbecomepopularwithnearly2millionviews!

"Ineverexpectedthistocomeaboutbecauseitwasjustaregulardayforme.Iwasjustdoingmyjob，"Emilysaid.

AsthecommentsectionquicklyfilledwithotherssharinghowinspiredtheyfeltbyEmily'skindness，higher-upsatDollarGeneralheardofthestory.Oneday，membersfromthecompany'sleadershipteamshoweduptoherstoreandpresentedherwithflower，anda﹩1，000donationtoalocalelementaryschool.

Bestofall，thatelderlywomanhassincecomebacktothestoreseveraltimes，andthetwoofthemarebecomingquiteclose."WhatI'velearnedissoamazing—youcanhaveaneffectonpeoplejustbybeingyourself，workingattheDollarGeneral，"shesaid.4.HowdidGeraldactatthetalkbetweenEmilyandthecustomeratfirst？______A.Helistenedwithfullattention.

B.Hefocusedonhisownhunting.

C.Hefeltluckytobenottalkative.

D.Hefeltdisturbedatthelongtalk.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"captivated"meaninParagraph2？______A.Stuck. B.Angered. C.Inspired. D.Attracted.6.Whatwasthepostabout？______A.WhatpatienceEmilyshowedtothecustomer.

B.WhyDollarGeneralbecamepopularonline.

C.HowGeralddealtwiththecustomerattentively.

D.HowEmilywaspraisedbyhercompanyleader.7.WhatdidEmilylearnfromthestory？______A.Caringfortheoldcanbringbenefittous.

B.Listeningtopeopleisaskilltobemastered.

C.It'ssometimeseasytoinfluenceotherpeople.

D.Beingacashierisagoodwayforconnection.CIt'sapopularbeliefthatafish'smemorylastsforonlysevenseconds.Itmayseemsadtothinkthattheydon'trememberwhatthey'veeatenorwherethey'vebeen，andtheydon'trecognizeyouoranyoftheirfriends─everymomentintheirlifewouldbelikeseeingtheworldforthefirsttime.

Butdon'tbesoquicktofeelsorryforthem.Anewstudyhasfoundthatfishhaveamuchbettermemorythanweusedtothink.Infact，certainspeciesoffishcanevenremembereventsfromaslongas12daysago.

Inthestudy，researchersfromMacEwanUniversityinCanadatrainedakindoffishcalledAfricancichlidstogotoacertainareaoftheirtanktogetfood.Theythenwaitedfor12daysbeforeputtingthembackinthetankagain.

Researchersusedcomputersoftwaretomonitorthefish'smovements.Theyfoundthataftersuchalongbreakthefishstillwenttothesameplacewheretheyfirstgotfood.Thissuggestedthattheycouldremembertheirpastexperiences.

Infact，scientistshadbeenthinkingforalongtimethatAfricancichlidsmighthaveagoodmemory.Anearlierstudyshowedthattheybehavedaggressivelyinfrontofcertainfish，perhapsbecausetheyrememberedtheirpast"fights".Butuntilthelatestfindings，therewasnoclearevidence.

Justasagoodmemorycanmakeourliveseasier，italsoplaysanimportantpartwhenafishistryingtosurviveinthewild.

"Iffishareabletorememberthatacertainareacontainssafefood，theywillbeabletogobacktothatareawithoutputtingtheirlivesatrisks，"leadresearcherTrevorHamiltontoldLiveScience.

Foralongtime，fishwereplacedfarbelowchimpanzees，dolphinsandmiceonthelistofsmartanimals.Butthisstudyhasgivenscientistsanewunderstandingoftheirintelligence.8.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout？______A.Fishhavingverybadmemories.

B.Whatwecanlearnfromfish.

C.Howfishimprovetheirmemory.

D.Fishbeingsmarterthanwethought.9.Accordingtothearticle，peopleusedtobelievethat______.A.fishdidn'trecognizeanyoftheirfriends

B.afish'smemorylastedforonlysevenminutes

C.fishcouldrememberthingsthathappened12daysago

D.fishcouldonlyrememberpartoftheirpastexperiences10.Fishcanbenefitmostfromagoodmemorybyremembering______.A.theirenemiesandfight B.wheretogetfoodandsurvive

C.wheretoescapetowhenindanger D.theirfriendsandhelpeachother11.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？______A.Africancichlidscanrememberthingsfor12days.

B.Africancichlidsalwaystreatotherfishaggressively.

C.Africancichlidsdon'tbelongtothelistofsmartanimals.

D.Fishdon'thaveagoodmemoryexceptAfricancichlids.DHaveyoueverfoundthatyouwereabletosleepbetterwithanairconditionerorfanrunningorperhapswiththesoundofrainfallingoutside？Ifso，thenyou'realreadyfamiliarwithwhitenoise.

Whitenoisereferstoanoisethathasamixtureofalltheaudible（听得见的）frequenciesthatthehumanearcandetect.Itisacombinationofallthefrequenciesofsoundplayedatonce.Itcancoverthesoundsofothernoisesbecauseofitsvariousfrequencies，leadingmanypeopletoexperienceitscalmingeffects.

Studieshavethatlisteningtowhitenoisepositivelyfoundaffectssleep.Forexample，peoplelivinginahigh-noiseareaofNewYorkCityfellasleepfasterandspentmoreoftheirtimeinbedasleepwhilelisteningtowhitenoise.Inanotherstudy，listeningtowhitenoisethroughheadphonesimprovedsleepqualityforseriouslyillpatientsinaloudhospitalroom.However，moreresearchisneededtoconfirmwhetherthecharacteristicsofwhitenoiseitselfimprovesleeporwhetherthesoundprimarilyhelpsbycoveringbackgroundnoise.However，arecentanalysisofmultiplestudieslookingatwhitenoise'seffectonsleephasproducedmixedresults.Theresearchersaredoubtfulaboutthequalityofexistingevidenceandconcludethatfurtherresearchisnecessaryinordertowidelyrecommendwhitenoiseasasleepaid.Theyalsonotethatinsomeinstances，whitenoisecandisturbaperson'ssleepandmayaffecttheirhearing.

Despitethat，researchersarestilloptimisticthatthesteadyhumofwhitenoisemightreduceasleeper'ssensitivitytounpredictablenoisesfromtheenvironment，suchastransportationsoundslikecarsandplanes，whichareconsideredamajorcontributortopoorsleep.12.Whydoeswhitenoisehavecalmingeffects？______A.Itcanabsorbothernoises.

B.Itcanhelppeoplesleepbetter.

C.Itcanbedetectedbyhumanears.

D.Itcancoverthesoundsofothernoises.13.Howdoestheauthorexplainthebenefitsofwhitenoise？______A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bytellingstories.

C.Byaskingquestions. D.Bymakingcomparisons.14.Whichstatementmayresearchersagreewithaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs？______A.Whitenoiseshouldbestronglyrecommendedasasleepaid.

B.Harmfuleffectsofwhitenoisehavebecomeamajorconcern.

C.Poorsleepwillmakepeoplesensitivetotheunpredictablenoises.

D.Moreresearchesareneededtoconfirmtheeffectofwhitenoiseonsleep.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletileforthetext？______A.HowDoesWhiteNoiseWork

B.IsWhiteNoiseHarmfulinAnyWay

C.DoesWhiteNoiseHelpYouSleep

D.WhatAretheBenefitsofWhiteNoise二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Sometimesdealingwithyournegativeemotionscanbechallenging.Whenlifeisstressful，it'sveryeasytogiveintofeelingsofangerordepression.（1）______Herearesomewaysthatcanhelpyoubetterdealwithawiderangeofnegativeemotions.

Acknowledgeyourfeelings.

Dealingwithnegativeemotionscanbedifficult.Butit'simportanttoallowyourselftoexperiencethoseemotions，assuppressing（抑制）themcancausestress.（2）______.Forexample，ifyouarefeelingnervous，askyourself，"WhatamIafraidof？"Acknowledgingtheissuecanhelpyoufigureouthowtohandleit.

（3）______

Smallchangescanhaveabigimpactonyouremotionalhealth.Trychangingyourspacetomakeitamorecalmingplace.Forexample，ifyournegativeemotionsarisefromfeelingoutofcontrol，tryorganizingyourspace.Clearingupthemesscanmakeyoufeelontopofthings.

•Shiftyourfocusawayfromthebadthing.

Whenyouknowthatsomethingiscausinganegativeemotion，trytoshiftyourfocusawayfromthatsituation.Forexample，ifyouarestuckinatrafficjamandrunninglate，shiftyourfocusfromthetraffictolisteningtoyourfavoriteCD.（4）______

Talkaboutyourfeelings.

Talkingaboutyournegativeemotionsisveryproductive.Trytalkingtoyourfriendsorfamilymembers.Itisagoodideatoletyourlovedonesknowyourfeelings.Trysaying，"I'vebeenreallystressedoutlately.Doyouhavetimetotalkthingsthroughwithme？"Becalmandreasonablewhileyouaretalking.（5）______，butdosowithoutshouting.

A.It'sfinetoexpressangerorfrustration

B.Haveatrytochangeyourenvironment

C.It'scommontobefilledwithnegativeemotions

D.Youdon'thavetospendtoomucheffortonthem

E.Focusingonsomethingpositivecanhelpcalmyoudown

F.Whenyouexperienceanegativeemotion，acknowledgeit

G.However，youwillbemoreproductiveifyoucanhandlethem16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。MydaughterandIwereswimminginourpoolonesummerday.Thisdaywaslikeanyoftheotherdays，soIhadnowayofknowingthatthisonewouldgodowninourfamilyhistoryasa（1）______wecherish（珍惜）andstill（2）______fromtimetotime.

Thesunwassettingandthenightwas（3）______approaching.Mydaughter（4）______itfirst—aspiderwasspinningherwebatthebottomofthefreshlypaintedbluefencethat（5）______ourpool.Itsurprisedmethatshesawthis，anditsurprisedmeevenmorethatshewasn't（6）______ofthespider.

Instead，she（7）______watchedasthespiderbusiedherselfinthecycleoflife.Aswebothwatchedthiswonderofnature，averysimplethought（8）______me.Ihadlostthetrackof（9）______.Ihonestlydidn'tknowhowlongwehadbeenjuststayingthereand（10）______thatspidermakingherweb.But，regardlessofwhateveramountoftimehadpassed，thetruthwasthatwewere（11）______havingfun.

Whatwehaddonewastospendtimetogetherand（12）______thesimplethingsinlife.Wetalkedabouthowpreciousour（13）______amountoftimeisonthisplanetandhowweshould（14）______toenjoythesimplethingsinlifeliketheflightofabird.Thesimplethingsarethe（15）______thingsinlife，evenwhentheyincludespidersandwebs.21.A.memory B.freedom C.response D.conflict22.A.hearof B.talkabout C.argueabout D.complainof23.A.cautiously B.incredibly C.directly D.quickly24.A.remembered B.imagined C.watched D.noticed25.A.constructed B.decorated C.surrounded D.reached26.A.tired B.afraid C.content D.fond27.A.originally B.anxiously C.typically D.delightfully28.A.knocked B.moved C.hit D.hurt29.A.event B.data C.spider D.time30.A.windingup B.pickingup C.pointingat D.staringat31.A.normally B.simply C.slightly D.independently32.A.do B.appreciate C.handle D.discuss33.A.limited B.former C.extra D.distant34.A.forget B.want C.stop D.choose35.A.unusual B.best C.easiest D.rare四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.Chang'anTower，alsoknownastheGreatWildGoosePagoda，isanarchitecturalwonder（1）______（locate）inXi'an，China.Withitsrichhistoricalsignificanceandstunningbeauty，thisancienttowerstandsasamasterpieceofChina'sculturalheritage.

（2）______（original）builtduringtheTangDynastyinthe7thcentury，Chang'anTowerservedasaBuddhistpagoda，housingBuddhistmaterials（3）______themonkXuanzangbroughtfromIndia.Itsconstruction（4）______（order）byEmperorGaozongtopromoteBuddhismandfacilitate（使…便利）thetranslationofBuddhistscriptures（佛经）intoChinese.

Risingtoa（5）______（high）of64meters，thesquare-shaped，thirteen-storeytowershowcasesthesplendidcraftsmanshipofancientChinesecraftsmen，eachstoreyofwhichexhibitsuniquearchitecturalfeatures，（6）______（reflect）theculturalinfluencesofthetime.Visitorscangouptothetop（7）______wonderfulviewsofthecity.Surroundingthepagoda，theserenegardensandtheDaCi'enTempleoffera（8）______（peace）retreat（隐居处）aswell.

Whetheritisforexperiencingapieceofhistory（9）______exploringculturalwonders，Chang'anToweris（10）______essentialdestinationforthoseexploringChina'svasthistoricallandscape.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.假定下周六晚上你校将举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会。你是音乐社团的负责人李华，准备在本周各社团集中时做一个活动安排的演讲，内容包括：

（1）音乐会的具体时间和地点；

（2）音乐会的主要安排。

（3）欢迎大家参加。

注意：

（1）词数100左右；

（2）可适当增加细节使行文流畅。

Goodafternoon，boysandgirls!

38.Asasenioreditorinafamouspress，IalwaysthinkofdaystwentyyearsbeforewhenIwas18，Ilivedwithmygrandparents，andmyparentsearnedtheirlivinginanothercity，strugglingtosupportourfamily.Ihadtakentodeliveringnewspaperstosupportmyselfandmyeducation.

Iwouldbeupeverymorningby5amandwalkfivekilometresfromwhereIlivedtothenewspaperoffice.By6am，Iwouldcollect50copieswhichmusthaveweighedoverfivekilograms.Mydeliveryrangespanned（横跨）threekilometres.Afterdistributingthecopies，Iwouldrushhome—anotherthreekilometresaway—cookmybreakfast，andbeofftomyschool.

OneFridaymorning，Igothomeaftermydeliveries，findingAfzal，aboyfromtheneighbourhood，atmydoorstep.Afzalsaidhismotherwantedtoseeme.WhenIaskedhimwhy，Afzalsaid，"Shewilltellyou."Tiredafterwalkingaroundforover11kilometres，Iwaslookingforwardtobreakfastandsomerest.Iassumedhismotherwishedtosubscribe（定期订购）tothenewspaper，soIfollowedhimtohishomenearby.

Awomaninher40sopenedthedoor.IlaterlearnedshewasAfzal'smother，MrsKader.Sheaskedmetosit，pulledupherchairnexttomineandgentlyasked，"Tellmeaboutyourroutine，rightfromthetimeyouwakeupinthemorning."Iwasn'tquitesurewhyshewantedtoknow，butItoldheraboutmymorningjobinafewwords.Sheaskedme，"Howmanymilesdoyouwalkeveryday？"Ireplied，"Alittlemorethan11kilometres."Myreplyshockedher.

Thenshepattedmybackandwentinside，reappearingcarryingalargeplatefulloffoodforbreakfastforme.Itwasaheartybreakfast，onethatbroughtbackmemoriesofhappydaysspentwithmyparents.Later，asIwasabouttoleaveafterthankingthem，MrsKaderaskedmetowaitandshewentinsideagain.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ThenMrsKaderappearedagain，withanewbicycle.

______

IbowedtoMrsKadergratefullyandleftforschool.

______

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、D【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据Lemonpudding部分Itperfectlycombinesthegreattasteoflemonandhoney.（它完美地结合了柠檬和蜂蜜的味道）可知，柠檬布丁结合了柠檬和蜂蜜的味道。故选B项。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据Curried（咖喱）chickensoup部分Letyourselfenjoythisgratefulmealasarewardforthelonghoursoftiringwork.（好好享受这顿大餐吧，作为对长时间辛苦工作的奖励）可知，咖喱鸡丁汤是劳累工作后的最佳选择。故选C项。

（3）D.细节理解题。根据Boiledeggtoastwithbutter部分Witheatingsomeforyourbreakfast，lunchorevenforyourdinner，eatinghasneverbeenaswellasitiswiththistoast.（早餐、午餐甚至晚餐都吃黄油鸡蛋吐司，用餐从来没有像这样让人惬意过）可知，黄油鸡蛋吐司的特别之处是一日三餐皆可食用。故选D项。

本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四种健康美味的食谱。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、D、A、C【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中的GeraldSwindlewasinahurrytogohuntingthatdayandwasabitannoyedwithhowlongtheirconversationwasgoing.（GeraldSwindle那天急着去打猎，对他们的谈话持续了这么长时间感到有些恼火。）可知，GeraldSwindle那天赶着去打猎，前面那个顾客与收银员长时间的对话让他感觉被打扰了，故选D。

（2）D.词义猜测题。根据划线词前的ButasGeraldwaitedforhisturn，hisattitudebegantochange.Notonlydidheconcludethathuntingwasn'tmoreimportantthantheirconversation（可是Gerald等着轮到他的时候，他的态度开始改变了。他不仅得出结论，打猎并不比他们的谈话更重要）及划线词后hestoppedtolisten（他停下来倾听）"可知，Gerald不仅开始倾听这位老人对收银员的倾诉，而且对她说的话"很感兴趣"，从语境的递进关系判断，划线词的含义是"吸引"。结合选项A．Stuck卡住；B．Angered生气；C．Inspired鼓舞；D．Attracted吸引。故选D。

（3）A.推理判断题。根据第三段内容"Youwerepatientwiththislady，"Geraldlatersaidinavideorecallingwhathadhappened."Youdidnothingbutfollowedherconversation，listeningtoeverywordshesaid，andneverrushingher."（"你对这位女士很有耐心，"杰拉尔德后来在一段视频中回忆当时发生的事情时说。"你什么也没做，只是跟着她说话，听她说的每一个字，从不催她。"）可知，Gerald在一家名为DollarGeneral的商店里看到收银员艾米丽耐心倾听一个老年顾客的讲述，Gerald把这段对话的视频发到网上，所以这条视频是关于Emily对顾客表现出的耐心，故选A。

（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段"WhatI'velearnedissoamazing—youcanhaveaneffectonpeoplejustbybeingyourself，workingattheDollarGeneral，"shesaid.（她说："我学到的东西是如此的神奇——你可以通过在DollarGeneral工作，做你自己来影响别人。"）可知，Emily谈到自己的感悟：有时候很容易影响别人，故选C。

本文是一篇记叙文。一家商店的收银员耐心倾听一位老年顾客的倾诉并与之交谈，她的故事被发布到网上，引起人们的共鸣。

考查故事类记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。8~11.【答案】D、A、B、A【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Foralongtime，fishwereplacedfarbelowchimpanzees，dolphinsandmiceonthelistofsmartanimals.Butthisstudyhasgivenscientistsanewunderstandingoftheirintelligence.（很长一段时间，在聪明动物的名单上，鱼被远远排在黑猩猩、海豚和老鼠之下。但这项研究让科学家们对自己的智力有了新的认识。）可知这篇文章主要是关于鱼比我们想象的要聪明。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第一段It'sapopularbeliefthatafish'smemorylastsforonlysevenseconds.Itmayseemsadtothinkthattheydon'trememberwhatthey'veeatenorwherethey'vebeen，andtheydon'trecognizeyouoranyoftheirfriends─everymomentintheirlifewouldbelikeseeingtheworldforthefirsttime.（人们普遍认为鱼的记忆只能持续7秒钟。想到他们不记得自己吃过什么，去过哪里，不认识你或他们的任何朋友，这似乎很可悲──他们生命中的每一刻都像是第一次看到这个世界。）可知人们过去认为鱼不认识他们的任何朋友。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。结合倒数第三段Justasagoodmemorycanmakeourliveseasier，italsoplaysanimportantpartwhenafishistryingtosurviveinthewild.（正如好的记忆力可以让我们的生活更轻松，当一条鱼试图在野外生存时，它也起着重要的作用。）及倒数第二段"Iffishareabletorememberthatacertainareacontainssafefood，theywillbeabletogobacktothatareawithoutputtingtheirlivesatrisks，"leadresearcherTrevorHamiltontoldLiveScience.（首席研究员特雷弗•汉密尔顿在接受《生活科学》采访时说："如果鱼类能够记住某个区域有安全的食物，它们就能够回到那个区域，而不会冒生命危险。"。）可知鱼类从良好的记忆力中获益最大，因为它能记住从哪里获取食物并生存下来。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据第三段Inthestudy，researchersfromMacEwanUniversityinCanadatrainedakindoffishcalledAfricancichlidstogotoacertainareaoftheirtanktogetfood.Theythenwaitedfor12daysbeforeputtingthembackinthetankagain.（在这项研究中，加拿大马塞万大学的研究人员训练了一种叫做非洲慈鲷的鱼，让它去水箱的某个区域觅食。然后他们等了12天才再次把它们放回水箱。）可知非洲慈鲷能记住12天的事情。故选A。

文章主要介绍了一项关于鱼类记忆能力的研究。传统观点认为鱼的记忆只有七秒，但加拿大麦克尤恩大学的研究显示，非洲丽鱼能记住至少12天前的事件。研究通过训练这种鱼到特定区域觅食并监测其行为，发现它们能回忆起过去的经历。这项研究改变了人们对鱼类智力的看法，表明它们在动物智能排名中应被重新评估。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。12~15.【答案】D、A、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Itisacombinationofallthefrequenciesofsoundplayedatonce.Itcancoverthesoundsofothernoisesbecauseofitsvariousfrequencies，leadingmanypeopletoexperienceitscalmingeffects.（它是同时播放的所有频率的声音的组合。由于其不同的频率，它可以掩盖其他噪音的声音，使许多人体验到它的镇静效果。）可知白噪音有镇静作用是因为它可以掩盖其他声音。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Studies

have

that

listening

to

white

noise

positively

found

affects

sleep.For

example，people

living

in

a

high-noise

area

of

New

York

City

fell

asleep

faster

and

spent

more

of

their

time

in

bed

asleep

while

listening

to

white

noise.In

another

study，listening

to

white

noise

through

headphones

improved

sleep

quality

for

seriously

ill

patients

in

a

loud

hospital

room.

（研究表明，听白噪音对睡眠有积极的影响。例如，生活在纽约市高噪音地区的人入睡更快，并且花更多的时间在床上睡觉，同时听白噪音。在另一项研究中，在嘈杂的病房里，戴着耳机听白噪音可以改善重病患者的睡眠质量。）可知作者通过举例解释白噪音的好处，A．By

giving

examples.通过举例说明；B．By

telling

stories.通过讲故事；C．By

asking

questions.通过提问；D．By

making

comparisons.通过比较。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段However，a

recent

analysis

of

multiple

studies

looking

at

white

noise's

effect

on

sleep

has

produced

mixed

results.The

researchers

are

doubtful

about

the

quality

of

existing

evidence

and

conclude

that

further

research

is

necessary

in

order

to

widely

recommend

white

noise

as

a

sleep

aid.

（然而，最近一项针对白噪音对睡眠影响的多项研究的分析得出了不同的结果。研究人员对现有证据的质量表示怀疑，并得出结论，为了广泛推荐白噪音作为助眠剂，还需要进一步的研究。）和第五段Despite

that，researchers

are

still

optimistic

that

the

steady

hum

of

white

noise

might

reduce

a

sleeper's

sensitivity

to

unpredictable

noises

from

the

environment，such

as

transportation

sounds

like

cars

and

planes，which

are

considered

a

major

contributor

to

poor

sleep.

（尽管如此，研究人员仍然乐观地认为，白噪音的持续嗡嗡声可能会降低睡眠者对环境中不可预测的噪音的敏感性，比如汽车和飞机等交通工具的声音，这些噪音被认为是导致睡眠质量差的主要原因。）可推知研究人员会同意需要更多的研究来证实白噪音对睡眠的影响的观点。所以"D．More

researches

are

needed

to

confirm

the

effect

of

white

noise

on

sleep.需要更多的研究来证实白噪音对睡眠的影响。"正确。故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段Studies

have

that

listening

to

white

noise

positively

found

affects

sleep.For

example，people

living

in

a

high-noise

area

of

New

York

City

fell

asleep

faster

and

spent

more

of

their

time

in

bed

asleep

while

listening

to

white

noise.In

another

study，listening

to

white

noise

through

headphones

improved

sleep

quality

for

seriously

ill

patients

in

a

loud

hospital

room.

（研究表明，听白噪音对睡眠有积极的影响。例如，生活在纽约市高噪音地区的人入睡更快，并且花更多的时间在床上睡觉，同时听白噪音。在另一项研究中，在嘈杂的病房里，戴着耳机听白噪音可以改善重病患者的睡眠质量。）可知文章讲述白噪音（White

noise）对睡眠有积极影响，但还有待进一步研究证明，C选项"Does

White

Noise

Help

You

Sleep白噪音有助于睡眠吗？"符合文章主旨大意，适合作为标题，故选C。

这篇短文主要讲了白噪音对睡眠的影响。白噪音是指包含人耳能听到的所有频率的噪音，它可以掩盖其他噪音的声音，让人们感受到它的镇定效果。研究表明，听白噪音可以改善睡眠质量，比如在纽约市高噪音区居住的人在听白噪音时入睡更快，睡眠时间更长。然而，对于白噪音对睡眠的影响，目前的研究结果并不一致，还需要进一步的研究来确认。尽管如此，研究人员仍然对白噪音能减少环境中不可预测噪音对睡眠的影响持乐观态度。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。16~20.【答案】G、F、B、E、A【解析】（1）语境衔接题。根据前句Whenlifeisstressful，it'sveryeasytogiveintofeelingsofangerordepression（当生活充满压力时，我们很容易愤怒或抑郁）；以及后句Herearesomewaysthatcarhelpyoubetterdealwithawiderangeofnegativeemotions（以下是能帮助你更好地处理各种负面情绪的一些方法），说明我们可以用一些方法来处理各种负面情绪，表示"然而，如果你能处理好它们，你会更有效率"的选项G可以和前文构成转折关系，引出后句介绍的方法，符合语境。故选G。

（2）联系下文题。。根据后句Forexample，ifyouarefeelingnervous，askyourself，"WhatamIafraidof？"Acknowledgingtheissuecanhelpyoufigureouthowtohandleit（例如，如果你感到紧张，问问自己："我害怕什么？"承认这个问题可以帮助你找出如何处理它），可知举例说明怎样承认消极情绪的存在，表示"当你感受到消极情绪时，要承认它的存在"的选项F可以和后文构成例证关系，符合语境。故选F。

（3）主题判断题。根据后句Smallchangescanhaveabigimpactonyouremotionalhealth.Trychangingyourspacetomakeitamorecalmingplace（微小的变化会对你的情绪健康产生重大影响。试着改变你的空间，让它成为一个更平静的地方），可知本段介绍改变环境的作用，表示"试着改变一下你的环境"的选项B可以作为本段的主题，符合语境，故选B。

（4）联系上文题。根据前句Whenyouknowthatsomethingiscausinganegativeemotion，trytoshiftyourfocusawayfromthatsituation.Forexample，ifyouarestuckinatrafficjamandrunninglate，shiftyourfocusfromthetraffictolisteningtoyourfavoriteCD（当你知道某些事情正在引起负面情绪时，试着把注意力从这种情况上转移开。例如，如果你遇到交通堵塞和迟到，把注意力从交通堵塞转移到听你最喜欢的CD上），可知总结专注于积极的事情可以帮助你平静下来的话题，表示"专注于积极的事情可以帮助你平静下来"的选项E可以承接前文，符合语境。故选E。

（5）联系下文题。根据下文butdosowithoutshouting（但不要大喊大叫），可知要平和地表达自己的负面情绪。由此判断"表达愤怒或沮丧是可以的"的选项A符合语境。故选A。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了有助于更好地处理各种负面情绪的一些方法。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。21~35.【答案】A、B、D、D、C、B、D、C、D、D、B、B、A、C、B【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A．memory记忆；B．freedom自由；C.response回复；D.conflict冲突，矛盾。根据上文Thisdaywaslikeanyoftheotherdays       可知这一天经过去，成为了作者和女儿的记忆。故选A。

（2）考查动词短语及语境理解。A．hearof 听说；B．talkabout 谈论；C．argueabout 争论；D．complainof 抱怨。根据下文fromtimetotime  可知是被人时不时谈起。故选B。

（3）考查副词及语境理解。A．cautiously小心地；B．incredibly难以置信地；C．directly直接地；D．quickly快地。根据常识可知太阳落山了夜晚就快来临，故选D。

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A．remembered记住；B．imagined想象；C．watched看着；D．noticed注意到。根据空后itfirst-aspiderwasspinningherweb可知是注意到了一只蜘蛛要结网，故选D。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A．constructed建造；B．decorated装饰；C．surrounded包围；D．reached到达。根据下文ourpool 可知泳池被栅栏包围着。故选C。

（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A．tired疲惫的；B．afraid害怕的；C．content满意的；D．fond喜欢的。根据上文"anditsurprisedme"   可知她竟然不怕蜘蛛让我感到吃惊。故选B。

（7）考查副词及语境理解。A．originally最初地；B．anxiously焦急地；C．typically典型地；D．de