高考英语一轮复习 考点二十二 新闻时事类练习（含解析）-人教版高三英语试题

考点二十二新闻时事类A限时12分钟ArobotcalledBina48hassuccessfullytakenacourseinthephilosophyofloveatNotreDamedeNamurUniversity(NDNU),inCalifornia.AccordingtothecourseinstructorWilliamBarry,associateprofessoratNDNU,Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobottocompleteacollegecourse,afeathedescribedas“remarkable”.Therobottookpartinclassdiscussions,gaveapresentationwithastudentpartnerandparticipatedinadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution.Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears.OnedaywhenaddressingBarry'sclass,Bina48expressedadesiretogotocollege,whichwasenthusiasticallysupportedbyBarryandhisstudents.RatherthanenrollBina48inhisRobotEthics:PhilosophyofEmergingTechnologiescourse,BarrysuggestedthatBina48shouldtakehiscoursePhilosophyofLoveinstead.“LoveisaconceptBina48doesn'tunderstand，”saidBarry.ThereforethechallengewouldbeforBarryandhisstudentstoteachBina48whatloveis.“Someinterestingthingshappenedintheclass，”saidBarry.“HesaidthathisstudentsthoughtitwouldbestraightforwardtoteachBina48aboutlove,which,afterall,is‘fairlysimple—it'safeeling，’”saidBarry.Buttherealitywasdifferent.“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove，’”saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.Bina48participatedinclassdiscussionsviaSkypeandalsotookpartinaclassdebateaboutloveandconflictwithstudentsfromWestPoint.Bina48'scontributiontothedebatewasfilmedandpostedonYouTube.ItwasjudgedthatBina48andNDNUclassmateswerethewinnersofthisdebate.Inthenextdecade,BarryhopesBina48mightbecomecomplexenoughtoteachaclass,thoughhesaysheforeseesrobotsbeingusedtobettertheteachingandlearningexperience,ratherthanreplacinginstructorscompletely.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。机器人Bina48成功地完成爱的哲学这门课程。Bina48参加讨论，作报告，参与辩论，在课堂上的表现堪称是非凡的。它的表现展示了人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类更聪明，未来人们希望它能促进教学帮助学习。1．WhatwasBina48'sperformancelikeinclass?A．Extraordinary. B．Insignificant.C．Far­reaching. D．Unattractive.答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Bina48istheworld'sfirstsociallyadvancedrobot...inadebatewithstudentsfromanotherinstitution”可知，Bina48在课堂上参与讨论，与伙伴一起作报告，参与辩论，其表现被描绘成“卓越的”。因此推断它的表现是非凡的。故选A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“addressing”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Dealingwith. B．Consultingwith.C．Givingaspeechto. D．Sendingaletterto.答案：C词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Beforebecomingastudent,Bina48appearedasaguestspeakerinBarry'sclassesforseveralyears.”可知，在做学生之前，Bina48在Barry的课堂上担任特邀演讲人好几年，因此推断它经常演讲，故画线词所在句句意：一天当Bina48在Barry的课堂上演讲时，它表达了想要上大学的愿望，Barry和他的学生热情地支持它的这个愿望。故画线词词义与C项“作演讲”意义相近。故选C。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．ItwasinterestingforBina48tolearnaboutlove.B．ItwasquitetoughforBina48tolearnaboutlove.C．Artificialintelligencemaysomehowbesuperiortoman.D．Humanscanlaunchachallengetoartificialintelligence.答案：C推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Bina48endeduplearning‘31differentversionsoflove，’saidBarry,highlightingsomeofthechallengeshumansmayfacewhenworkingartificialintelligenceinfuture.”可知，Bina48最终学习了31种不同版本的爱，这突出显示了人类未来可能会面临人工智能的挑战。因此推断人工智能或许在某种程度上比人类高级。故选C。4．WhatdoesBarrythinkofthefuturedevelopmentofBina48?A．Itwillsurelybeabletoserveasateacher.B．Itwillbeabletopromotelearningandteaching.C．Itwillcompletelytaketheplaceofinstructors.D．Itwillbesmartenoughtocontrolhumanbeings.答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Barry认为未来Bina48可能会变得足够复杂，可以教授课程，他预计机器人将被更好地用于教学和学习，而不是完全取代教师。因此推断他认为Bina48在未来能够促进学习和教学。故选B。B限时8分钟DemandfortheChinesetechcompany'sdevices(设备)isredhoteventhoughthecountry'soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingsmaller.Huawei'sChinasalesrocketedmorethan20%inthefinalquarterof2018,andexpertssaythat'spartlyduetotheUSgovernment'sglobalcampaignagainstthecompany.“ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism(爱国主义)inChineseconsumers，”saidJusyHong,ananalystatresearchfirmIHSMarkit.HepointedoutthatsomeChinesecompaniesencouragedemployeestobuyHuaweiphoneslatelastyear.Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.Huawei'sboomingsalesshowhowmajorpartsofitsbusinesscontinuetoincreaseevenastheUnitedStatestriestopersuadeothercountriestoshutHuaweiproductsoutof5Gwirelessnetworksandpursues(追究)criminalchargesagainstit.ThecompanyexpectstoovertakeSamsungastheworld'sbiggestsmartphonemakerbynextyear.Huaweisold30millionphonesinChinainthelastthreemonthsof2018,nearlythreetimesasmanyasApple(AAPL),accordingtodatapublishedthisweekbyresearchfirmsCanalysandIDC.Apple'ssalesplungedalmost20%.Huawei'ssuccessinChina,theworld'slargestsmartphonemarket,ismorethanaboutgeopolitics(地缘政治).Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high­endphonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.Andbyofferingaselectionofcheaperphones,Huaweiisabletotargetabiggermarket.ItalsobenefitedfromthetroublesthisyearatZTE(ZTCOF),arivalChinesesmartphoneandtelecommunicationsequipmentmaker.ZTEwasbannedbytheUSgovernmentfrombuyingvitalAmericanpartsformonthslastyear.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了华为公司在手机市场日益缩小的中国仍然火爆的原因。5．WhydidHuawei'sChinasalesincreasegreatlyaccordingtothearticle?A．Becausethecompany'sdevicesarealwayspopularworldwide.B．BecauseChineseconsumers'patriotismwasaroused.C．BecausethegovernmentencouragespeopletobuyHuaweidevices.D．Becausethecountry'soverallmarketforsmartphonesisgettingbigger.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThelatesttensionbetweentheUSandChinaraisedthepatriotism(爱国主义)inChineseconsumers”可知，中国消费者的爱国主义被唤起，华为在中国的销售量大增。故选B项。6．Whatcanweconcludefromthethirdparagraph?A．Huawei'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadaduetotheUS'srequest.B．AllChinesecompaniesshowedtheirsupporttoHuaweiwiththeirpurchase.C．JusyHongthoughttheUnitedStatesarrestedHuawei'schieffinancialofficer.D．JusyHongthoughtthearrestofHuawei'schieffinancialofficerisunfair.答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Themoveswereagestureofsupportafterthefirm'schieffinancialofficerwasarrestedinCanadainearlyDecemberattherequestoftheUnitedStates.”可知，华为的首席财务官因美国的要求在加拿大被捕。故选A项。7．Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedwordinthefifthparagraph?A．Increasedgreatlyby. B．Reducedgreatlyto.C．Droppedgreatlyby. D．Remainedsteady.答案：C词义猜测题。根据前文可知华为手机销量大增，故此处应是苹果手机销量大跌，故推测此处“plunged”意为“暴跌；骤降”。故选C项。8．WhyisHuawei'ssuccessinChinamorethanaboutgeopolitics?A．BecauseHuaweihasthelargestsmartphonemarketintheworld.B．BecauseHuawei'ssuccessisonlylimitedwithinChinamainland.C．BecauseHuaweihastheabilitytotargetabiggermarketintheworld.D．BecauseChineseconsumersarequitesatisfiedwithHuaweismartphones.答案：D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Chineseconsumersloveitsflagship,high­endphonesbecausetheyhavegreatcameras,cuttingedgetechnologyandcostlessthanthelatestiPhones,accordingtoanalysts.”可知，中国消费者对华为的智能手机很满意。故选D项。C限时7分钟Manyofusthink,wrongly,thatthemoondoesn'tchange.Forexample,theTangDynastypoetZhangRuoxuoncewrotethat“Generationshavecomeandpassedaway;Fromyeartoyearthemoonslookalike,oldandnew.\”However,anewstudypublishedinthejournalNatureGeoscienceshowsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.Forthestudy,agroupofUSscientistsexaminedandanalyzedthousandsofphotographstakenbytheNASA'sLunarReconnaissanceOrbiterCamera(月球勘测轨道飞行器照相机).Theyfoundthattherewerelotsoffaults(断层)onthesurfaceofthemoon.Thesefaultswereformedbyrecentmovementonthemoon.AccordingtoNASA,themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore.Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergyandcooleddown.Thenitbegantoshrink,inawaycomparabletotheshrinkingofagrapeintoaraisin.Overthepastseveralhundredmillionyears,ithasbecome46meters“skinnier”.Butduetoitshardandrockylayer,themoon'ssurfacecontinuestopushup.“Someofthesequakescanbefairlystrong,aroundfiveontheRichterscale(里氏震级)，”saidThomasWatters,aseniorscientistattheSmithsonian'sNationalAirandSpaceMuseumintheUS.Butdoesthatmeanthemoonisadangerousplacethathumanshouldn'ttrytoexploreandliveoninthefuture?Maybenot,reportedTheTelegraph.“Thisisn'tanythingtoworryabout.Themoonmaybeshrinking,butnotbymuch.It'snotgoinganywhere，\”Watterscomfortedus.Thenewdiscoveryprovesthattheideathatthemoonisadead,boringplaceiswrong.“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience,butthereisstillalotwedon'tknow.Themoonisshrinking—wedidn'treallyrealizethatuntilrecently.It'samuchmoreactiveandinterestingplacethanwethoughtandweshouldexplorethat，\”NASAscientistNathanWilliamssaid.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。一项最新的科学研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小。此外，这项研究还表明月球还有许多我们不了解的东西，它是一个比我们认为的更活跃、更有意思的地方，我们应该探索它。9．Whichpointofviewaboutthemoonmaythewriteragreeto?A．Itstaysthesameasbefore.B．Itisbecomingslightlysmaller.C．Itisgettingolderandolder.D．Ithaspassedaway.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“However,anewstudy...showsthatthemoonisinfactslowlyshrinkingovertime.”可知，一项新的发表在《自然·地球科学》上的研究表明，月球正在随着时间慢慢地缩小，据此可知B项正确。10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthemoonfromthethirdparagraph?A．Ithasbecome46metersfatterduetoexpanding.B．Ithaschangedfromagrapeintoaraisininrecentyears.C．ItquakesevenatsevenontheRichterscale.D．Ithasahotcoreandreleasesenergyduringexpanding.答案：D细节理解题。根据第三段前三句中的“themoonismadeupofpiecesofrockswithahotcore”“Themooncontinuedtoexpandasitwasborn.Butinthisprocess,itreleasedenergy”可知，月球由带有一个热核的岩石块组成，自它形成时月球就在持续膨胀，在这个过程中它会释放能量，故D项正确。11．Whothinksthatweneedn'tworryaboutthemoon?A．ZhangRuoxu. B．ThomasWatters.C．NathanWilliams. D．Thejournalist.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段中ThomasWatters说的话“Thisisn'tanythingtoworryabout...It'snotgoinganywhere”可知，ThomasWatters认为我们不必担心月球，尽管月球在缩小，但它并没有缩小很多，故B项正确。12．WhatdoesNathanWilliamsthinkofthemoon?A．Itisadeadandboringplace.B．Ithaslotsoffaultsonthesurface.C．Itisvaluabletodomorescience.D．Itisn'taplacewherewecanlive.答案：C推理判断题。根据尾段中NathanWilliams说的话“Wehavebeentothemoonandwe'vedonesomegreatscience...weshouldexplorethat”可知，NathanWilliams认为月球有许多我们不了解的东西，值得我们去探索。据此可推知，他认为研究月球是有价值的，故C项正确。D限时7分钟Lovetosinkintoyourchairsandrelaxwhenyougettoschool?Thenyouwillnotbehappytohearthatschoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons!Whywouldanyoneeventhinkofputtingkidstosuchcruelty?Expertssayitimprovestheirhealthandhelpsfightobesity.Whilethatmayseemalittlefar­fetched(牵强的)theofficialsatthefewschoolsaroundtheworldseemtoagree.AmongthemareeducatorsfromtheCollegeStationIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas,whorecentlycompletedaweek­longexperimentinvolving480studentsacrossthreeelementaryschools.The374kidsthatagreedtoparticipateinthestudywereprovidedadevicethathelpedrecordstepcountandcalorieconsumptionovertheentireperiod.All25teachersinvolvedinthestudyreportedthatstudentsappearedtobemorealertandconcentratebetter,whenallowedtostand.Theonethingthatdidsurprisetheresearcherswasthatyoungerkidsweremorewillingtostaystandingthankidsinhighergrades.Theybelievethismayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatafteryearsofbeingaskedto“sitstill”，olderkidshaveahardertimeadjustingtothisunexpectedfreedom.Americanschoolsarenottheonlyonesreportingsuccesswithstand­updesks.FourCatholicschoolsinPerth,Australia,whichhavebeentestingthemsinceOctober2013,haveseensimilarresults.InMay2014,GroveHousePrimarySchoolinBradford,WestYorkshire,becameThefindingsofthesestudiesandothersdonepreviously,allseemtomeanthatallowingkidstomovearoundinclassroomsisawin­winforstudentsandteachers—ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一种让学生站着上课的新型课桌，它既能保持学生健康又能使学生集中注意力，从而提高课堂效率，很受师生欢迎。13．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaymakethestudentsatschoolunhappyisthat________.A．theyhavetoexchangedeskswitheachotherB．theyhavetoexchangetraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsontheirownC．therearenoseatsforthemtositinclassD．theofficialsshownosympathytothematall答案：C细节理解题。由第一段第二句中的“schoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons”可知，教室没有座位，学生们要站着上课，这或许会让学生们感到不悦。14．Accordingtotheteachers,olderstudentsmaynotlikestand­updesksbecause________.A．theyareclevererthanyoungerstudentsB．theyareeasilytiredofstandinglongC．theyhaveformedthehabitofsitting D．theydobadlyinclasswhilestanding答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段尾句可知，年龄较大的孩子们由于多年习惯于坐着上课，所以不喜欢这种站着上课的课桌。15．Whatismostlikelytobetheresultoftheseven­weektrial?A．Thestandingdeskscan'tbeusedatall.B．Itisgoodforstudentstousestand­updesks.C．Moretestsshouldbedoneinotherschools.D．Thestudentsaredifferentinpersonality.答案：B推理判断题。根据第一段倒数第二句、第三段首句、第四段首句和最后一段内容可知，使用这种桌子对学生有好处。16．Whydotheteacherslikethestandingdesks?A．Becausetheeducatorscandrawthestudents'attention.B．Becausetheteacherscankeepthestudentshealthy.C．Becausethestudentscanhaveawalkintheclassroom.D．Becausethestandingdeskscankeepthestudentsconcentrated.答案：D推理判断题。根据第三段首句和最后一段中的“ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience”可知，老师们喜欢这种桌子是因为这使学生们上课更专心、注意力更集中。A限时10分钟(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.“It'snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(来源)ofinspirationfordesigners，”saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA＋ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion(时尚)shows.Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina­inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics(美学)onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook，”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”Ofcourse,notonlyaretoday'stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.“VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretaking_onGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales，”addsHill.ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers，”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket；inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章以国外视角报道中国文化及中国美学对国际时尚的影响，展现了中国对国际时尚和设计发展的引领作用。1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?A．Itpromotedthesalesofartworks.B．Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.C．ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D．ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.答案：B推理判断题。由题干中的“theexhibitioninNewYork”定位到原文第三段，由该段最后一句可知此次展览的参观人数破了纪录，B项表述正确。故选B项。2．WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?A．Theyaresettingthefashion.B．Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.C．Theyadmiresupermodels.D．Theydobusinessallovertheworld.答案：A推理判断题。由原文第四段中Hill说的话可知，中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，承接上文，第一个破折号后的movement就是fashioncampaign，结合常识与消费者对应的是创造者，所以中国女性不仅是时尚的消费者，还是时尚的创造者，由此推断出，她们正在引领潮流，故选A项。3．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takingon”inparagraph4mean?A．learningfrom B．lookingdownonC．workingwith D．competingagainst答案：D词义猜测题。由画线词后面的“—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales”可知，破折号是对前文的补充，因此beatingthem与takingon意思相近，所以可知takeon此处意为“与……较量”，故选D项。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB．AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC．DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD．ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends答案：D标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章的第一段点明主题：对于西方设计师来说，长期以来中国及其丰富的文化一直是西方创作者的灵感来源。接下来AmandaHill对中国文化和中国美学对国际时尚的影响进行了评价，由此可知，中国文化推动了国际时尚潮流，故D项作为文章的标题最合适。B限时10分钟(2019·石家庄市重点高中高三毕业班摸底考试)WhenGitanjaliRaosharedhowshelikes“findingsolutionstorealproblems”，itwashardtoimaginethisdynamicgirlcouldsettleaproblemthathadescapedscientistsforyears.Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(装置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(诉讼)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed“America'stopyoungscientist”for2017.Raohadbeenfollowingthewaterproblemforabouttwoyears.Shewasamazedbythenumberofpeopleaffectedbyleadpollutioninwaterandwantedtodosomethingtochangethis.Raospentmonthstryingtoconvincelocalhighschoolsandcollegestogiveherlabtimetocontinueherexperiment.Athome,Raoworkedonherprojectinthe“scienceroom”sheaskedherparentstocreateforher.Raohascreatedadevicethatusesthreeparts:acartridge,aBluetoothreaderandanapp.Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(纳米管)thatreacttolead.ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.RaoappropriatelynamedthedeviceTethysandishopingtomakealittleimprovementtogetthedeviceonthemarket.Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.WithRaobelievingthatthe“purposeofscienceistomakeadifference”，herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个女孩发明了一款可以检测水中铅水平的装置，从而解决了一个科学家多年来忽视的问题。5．WhatdoweknowaboutRao'sdevice?A．It'scheapandquick.B．It'scheapandinaccurate.C．It'sexpensiveandreliable.D．It'sportableandtime­consuming.答案：A推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Injustthreemonths,Raocameupwithadevice(装置)thatcanreplacethecostlyandlengthytestscurrentlyusedtoreliablydetermineleadlevelsinourfreshwater.”可推知，与以前又贵又费时的设备相比，Rao所发明的设备既便宜又省时，与第三段最后一句“ThisreactionisthenregisteredbytheBluetoothreader,whichsendsasignaltoamobileappthatcantellyouimmediatelyifyourwaterissafetodrink.”相呼应，故选A。6．WhatmadeRaohavetheideaofdesigningthedevice?A．Herparents'suggestions.B．Herdesireforwinningtheaward.C．Herinterestinsettlingrealproblems.D．ThewaterpollutionlitigationinFlint.答案：D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Inspiredbythecurrentlitigation(诉讼)inFlint,Michigan,acaseofwaterpollutionfrom2014untilpresent,Raodesignedanewtestingsystemthatresultedinherbeingnamed‘America'stopyoungscientist’for2017.”可知，Rao设计测试水中铅水平的装置的想法是受一个水污染诉讼的启发，故选D。7．Whatdothecarbonnanotubesfunctionas?A．Sendingimmediatesignals.B．Detectingthepresenceoflead.C．Recordingthereactionresults.D．Showingthewaterqualityresults.答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Toputitsimply,thecartridgecontainscarbonnanotubes(纳米管)thatreacttolead.”可推知，这个碳纳米管是可以对铅起反应的，因此可以检测出水中是否含有铅，故选B。8．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofRao'sinvention?A．ItwillleadRaotomakeafortune.B．ItwillhelpmillionsofAmericansdrinksafewater.C．ItwillpromotethedevelopmentofscienceinAmerica.D．Itwillsoonsettlethelead­pollutedproblemthoroughly.答案：B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句中的“Whilewemaynotbeawareofanyleadpollutionpresentinouragingpipelines,leadpoisoningcancausedelaysinphysicalandmentaldevelopment.”“herincredibleinventioncouldmakeadifferencetomillionsofpeopleintheUnitedStates”和对本段的整体理解可推知，作者认为Rao的发明可以帮助人们快速检测出水中是否含有铅，从而可以大大提高人们饮用水的安全性，意义重大，故选B。C限时8分钟(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)TOKYO,June8(Xinhua)—TheBeijingOrganizingCommitteeofthe2022OlympicandParalympicWinterGamesheldapromotioneventintheJapanesecapital,TokyoonSaturdaytointroducethelatestdevelopmentsinpreparationfortheBeijingWinterOlympics.Thepromotionevent,whichusedanexhibitionwallandthe“CharmingBeijing\”photoexhibitiontoshowcasethepreparationsofBeijing2022,waspartof“BeijingWeek\”，aseriesofactivitiestocommemoratethe40thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofsister－cityrelationsbetweenBeijingandTokyo.Ontheexhibitionwallwithanareaof33squaremeters,Beijing2022organizersshowcasedfiveaspectsincludingtheBeijingWinterOlympicsvision,Beijing'swintersportstradition,emblems(徽章)ofBeijing2022,competitionplanningandtheNationalSpeedSkatingOval.Atthesametime,oldphotosoftheChineseandJapaneseicehockeyteamsechoedthe40thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofsister－cityrelationsbetweenthetwocitiesandthethemeoftheBeijingWinterOlympics.ThepromotionvideosoftheBeijing2022emblems,aswellasotherrelatedvideoclips,drewgreatinterestoftheaudience.The“CharmingBeijing\”photoexhibitiondisplayedsomeoftheWinterOlympicvenues,showingtheprogressofthepreparationsfortheBeijingWinterOlympics.Meanwhile,thesandtable,VRglassesandthe“BeijingWinterOlympicsBrochure\”arealsoprovidedtolettheaudiencevisuallyexperiencetheuniquecharmoftheNationalSpeedSkatingOvalandthefeaturesofothercompetitionvenues.ChangYu,DirectorGeneraloftheMediaandCommunicationsDepartmentoftheBeijingWinterOlympicsOrganizingCommittee,introducedtheprogressofthepreparationsofBeijing2022andthevisionofcooperationbetweenBeijing2022andTokyo2020.ChangYusaidthattheBeijingWinterOlympicsOrganizingCommitteestayscommittedtohostingtheGamesinagreen,inclusive,openandcleanmanner,withtheaimofdeliveringafantastic,extraordinaryandexcellentOlympiceventtotheworld.TheBeijingWinterOlympicswillopenonFebruary4,2022,whichwillfeature7sports,15disciplinesand109events.篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在日本东京举行了宣传活动，展示了冬奥会准备工作的最新进展。9．Howwasthepromotioneventcarriedout?A．ByadvertisingonTVinBeijingandTokyo.B．BysendingoffbrochurestocitizensinTokyo.C．Byprovidingvariousvisualexperiences.D．ThroughtoursallaroundTokyo.答案：C细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词thepromotionevent，定位到文章第二段中的“Thepromotionevent,whichusedanexhibitionwallandthe‘CharmingBeijing’photoexhibitiontoshowcasethepreparationsofBeijing2022”可知，这个宣传活动用一个展览墙和图片展览展示北京2022年冬奥会所做的准备工作，故选C。10．Theunderlinedword“commemorate\”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A．celebrate B．appreciateC．compare D．combine答案：A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“the40thanniversaryoftheestablishmentofsister－cityrelationsbetweenBeijingandTokyo”并结合常识可知，此处表示庆祝北京和东京姐妹城市关系成立40周年，故画线词与A选项词义最接近。11．WhatcanbeinferredfromChangYu'sintroduction?A．BeijingwillhosttheOlympicsearlierthanTokyo.B．Beijingiswell－preparedforthe2022event.C．Beijing2022provesagreatsuccess.D．Beijing2022willbeenvironmentallyfriendly.答案：D推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词ChangYu'sintroduction，定位到原文倒数第二段，根据该段中的“tohostingtheGamesinagreen,inclusive,openandcleanmanner”可推知，北京2022年冬奥会将是绿色环保的。12．Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthispassage?A．TheSister－cityAnniversaryBetweenBeijingandTokyoB．Beijing2022PromotionEventinTokyoC．BeijingandTokyo,FriendshipForeverD．PreparationsforBeijing2022Olympics答案：B标题判断题。根据文章第一段中的“TheBeijingOrganizingCommitteeofthe2022OlympicandParalympicWinterGamesheldapromotioneventintheJapanesecapital,Tokyo”并结合文章其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组委会在东京举办宣传活动，展示北京冬奥会准备工作的最新进展，故B项适合作本文标题。D限时10分钟(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Bacteriaareanannoyingproblemforastronauts.Themicroorganisms(微生物)fromourbodiesgrowuncontrollablyonsurfacesoftheInternationalSpaceStation,soastronautsspendhourscleaningthemupeachweek.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It'sturningtoabunchofhighschoolkids.Butnotjustanykids.ItisdependingonNASAHUNCHhighschoolclassrooms,liketheonescienceteachersGeneGordonandDonnaHimmelbergleadatFairportHighSchoolinFairport,HUNCHisdesignedtoconnecthighschoolclass­roomswithNASAengineers.Forthepasttwoyears,Gordon'sstudentshavebeenstudyingwaystokillbacteriainzerogravity,andtheythinkthey'reclosetoasolution(解决方案).“Wedon'tgivethestudentsanybreaks.TheyhavetodoitjustlikeNASAengineers，”saysFlorenceGold,aprojectmanager.“Therearenotests，”Gordonsays.“Thereisnogradedhomework.Therealmostarenogrades,otherthan‘Areyouworkingtowardsyourgoal？’Basically,it's‘I'vegottoproducethisproductandthen,attheendoftheyear,presentittoNASA.’Engineerscomeandreallydoanin­personreview,and...it'snotaverynicethingattimes.It'sahardbusinessreviewofyourproduct.”GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpact(影响)oncollegeadmissionsandpracticallifeskills.“ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idon'tteach.”Andthatannoyingbacteria?GordonsayshisstudentsareemailingdailywithNASAengineersabouttheproblem,readyingaworkablesolutiontotestinspace.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国一所中学与NASA合作的联合科研项目，解决国际空间站中的细菌问题。13．WhatdoweknowaboutthebacteriaintheInternationalSpaceStation?A．Theyarehardtogetridof.B．Theyleadtoairpollution.C．Theyappearindifferentforms.D．Theydamagetheinst