安徽省部分学校2023-2024学年高一年级下册开学考试英语试题

高一英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一

小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.WhatdidthewomanbuyforMary?

A.AniPad.B.Abicycle.C.Acoffeemaker.

2.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?

A.Astorm.B.Ahouse.C.Anaccident.

3.Howlongdoesthewomanwanttotakealeaveofabsence

A.For10days.B.For14days.C.For24days.

4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Checkherorder.B.Offerherafreesalad.C.Servefoodrightaway.

5.Whattimedosethemanoffertopickupthewoman?

A.At6:45pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At7:30pm.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，

每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.

7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?

A.Checktheweatherreport.B.Gooutforbrunch.C.WatchTV.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowabouttheman?

A.Hispersonalinformation.B.Hisparents.C.Hishometown.

9.Whydidthemanchoosetoworkwithputers?

A.Formoney.B.Forinterest.C.Forhisparents.

10.Whatdoesthemanprobablydonow?

A.Herunshispany.B.Heworkswithmachines.C.Hestudiesatcollege.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whenwastheinterviewsupposedtostart?

A.At7:40am.B.At8:00am.C.At8:20am.

12.WhywasBrucestoppedbytheboss?

A.Hefailedtoanswerthequestionwell.B.Thebosshadtoattendameeting.

C.Someonecalledtheboss.

13.WhatdidthebossaskBrucetodo?

A.Setoutearliernexttime.B.eagainthreedayslater.C.Leavehispersonalinformatic.

听第9段材料，回答第14至10题。

14.WhatdoesBillvlike?

A.Boats.B.Operas.C.Paintings.

15.WhatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoinOxfordStreet?

A.Dosomeshopping.B.Enjoyanopera.C.Visitherparents.

16.Whatis.theprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Guideandvisitor.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WhatisHaminterestedin?

A.Collectingglassbottles.B.Buildingspecialhouses.C.Makingthingsoutofglassbottles.

18.WhydidHamdecidetobuildthespecialhouse?

A.Becauseofhiskids'encouragement.B.Becauseofhissecondson'sdeath.

C.Becauseofhiseldestson'sbirth.

19.Whatismoreinterestingaboutthespecialhouse?

A.Itcostsmuchless.B.Itisverystrong.C.Ifstheonlyoneintheworld

20.WhatdidHamdoaboutthehouse?

A.Hedonateditasaworkofart.B.Heuseditasaweddingpresent.C.Helivedinitalone.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Herearethisyear'sfourscientificdiscoveriesthatcouldleadtonewinventions.

Discovery1-Tosurviveintheocean,someanimalshidethemselvesfromthelight,hopingnottobefound

byapredator（捕食者）.However,theireyesreflect（反射）light,creatingshinethatcangiveawaytheirlocation.

Sometinycrustaceans（甲壳类动物）havedevelopedawayaroundthisdisadvantage.Theireyesarecoveredwith

asheetofspecialglassthateffectivelymatchestheireyeshinetothecolorofsurroundingwater.Inthisway,they

beeinvisible（看不见的）.Thisdiscoverymighthelpresearchersimproverelativetechnologiesinremotesensing

andmunications.

Discovery2-Brownbearsseldomsufferfrombloodclots（血栓）.Tofindouthowtheydoit,scientists

trackeddownbrownbearsinSweden.Theydiscoveredoneprotein（蛋白质）inbrownbearsshowedasignificant

seasonalchange.Thediscoverycouldprovidewaysfbrpreventivetreatmentforcancerpatientsandthoselikelyto

developbloodclots.

Discovery3—Aspcaterpillarvenom（毛虫毒液）containsanunusualprotein.Whenitreachestheouter

surfaceofacell（细胞），thisproteinmakesaholethroughthecellwall.Byresearchingsuchnature,engineers

coulddevelopmedicinedeliverywaystogetdrugs（药物）insidecellswheretheyneedtowork.

Discovery4-Thisyear,scientistsfoundtwospecialproteinsinbowheadwhales.TheproteinscalledCIRBP

andRPA2playaroleinDNArepair,makingtheanimalsunlikelytodevelopcancers.Asascientistsays,we

probablyhavethesolutiontocancermedicineoutthereinnaturealready.

1.Whatcanweknowaboutthetinycrustaceans?

A.Theireyesreflectlightandcreateshine.B.Theycancarefullyhidethemselves.

C.Theireyesdonotshinewhilereflectinglight.D.Theyareeasilyfoundbytheirpredators.

2.Whichdiscoverymightimprovewaysdoctorsusedrugs?

A.Discovery1.B.Discovery2.C.Discovery3.D.Discovery4.

3.Whatdothefourdiscoverieshaveinmon?

A.Theyprovideaninspirationfornewideasorwaysofdoingthings.

B.Theymightbringaboutabreakthroughinmunication.

C.Theyareallgoodfbrenvironmentalprotection.

D.Theyareallconcernedwithendangeredanimals.

【答案】l.C2.C3.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了今年可能带来新发明的四项科学发现。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第二段中''Tosurviveintheocean,someanimalshidethemselvesfromthelight,hopingnot

tobefoundbyapredator（捕食者）.However,theireyesreflect（反射）light,creatingshinethatcangiveawaytheir

location.Sometinycrustaceans（甲壳类动物）havedevelopedawayaroundthisdisadvantage.Theireyesare

coveredwithasheetofspecialglassthateffectivelymatchestheireyeshinetothecolorofsurroundingwater.In

thisway,theybeeinvisible（看不见的）.（为了在海洋中生存，一些动物把自己藏起来躲避光线，希望不会被捕

食者发现。然而，它们的眼睛反射光，发出的光芒会暴露它们的位置。一些微小的甲壳类动物已经找到了

一种绕过这一劣势的方法。它们的眼睛上覆盖着一层特殊的玻璃，可以有效地将眼睛的光泽与周围水的颜

色相匹配。通过这种方式，他们变得不可见。这一发现可能有助于研究人员改进遥感和通信方面的相关技

术。）”可知，这种微小的甲壳类动物的眼睛反射光线时不发光。故选C。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第四段中"Discovery3—Aspcaterpillarvenom（毛虫毒液）containsanunusualprotein.

Whenitreachestheoutersurfaceofacell（细胞）,thisproteinmakesaholethroughthecellwall.Byresearching

suchnature,engineerscoulddevelopmedicinedeliverywaystogetdrugs（药物）insidecellswheretheyneedto

work.（发现3Asp毛虫毒液含有一种不寻常的蛋白质。当它到达细胞的外表面时，这种蛋白质会在细胞壁上

打一个洞。通过研究这种性质，工程师们可以开发出药物输送方法，将药物输送到细胞中需要发挥作用的

地方。）”可知，发现3可能会改善医生使用药物的方式。故选C。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Thisdiscoverymighthelpresearchersimproverelativetechnologiesinremote

sensingandmunications.（这一发现可能有助于研究人员改进遥感和通信方面的相关技术。）”、第三段中

“Thediscoverycouldprovidewaysforpreventivetreatmentforcancerpatientsandthoselikelytodevelopblood

clots.（这一发现可能为癌症患者和那些可能形成血栓的人提供预防性治疗方法。）”、第四段中“By

researchingsuchnature,engineerscoulddevelopmedicinedeliverywaystogetdrugs（药物）insidecellswhere

theyneedtowork.（通过研究这种性质，工程师们可以开发出药物输送方法，将药物输送到细胞中需要发挥

作用的地方。）“、最后——段中Asascientistsays,weprobablyhavethesolutiontocancermedicineouttherein

naturealready.（正如一位科学家所说，我们可能已经在自然界中找到了治疗癌症的药物。）”可知，这四个发

现为新的想法或做事方式提供了灵感。故选A。

B

Asaboy,Iknewlittleaboutbaseball.YetIlaterbecamethefatheroftwoboys,WillandTim,whowereboth

interestedinbaseball.OnSaturdaymornings,I'dtakeWillouttotheplaygroundandplaycatchwithhim.Because

ofmyweakarm,theballoftendroppedbeforehecouldcatchit.Aftermanymisses,hesaidoneday,“HowamI

evergoingtomakethemajorleagues（联盟）?”"Youhavethewrongdad,kid,"Ithought.Baseballisn'tmything.

Still,Iwantedtogivemykidsconfidenceonthefield.TherewasanofficialLittleLeagueinourarea,butit

wassuperpetitiveandonlycateredtoolderboys.Ireallyhopedwehadsomethinglesspetitive,somethingthat

weledyoungerboysandgirls.

Isharedtheideawithsomeneighbors.<6Thatwouldbegreat!theysaid.Nowwhocouldorganizesuchathing?

Notme.Itriedtoputtheideaaside,butitwouldn'tleaveme.IfinallydecidedthatImustdosomethingaboutit.

SoIcalledthecitygovernment,explainingthatsomefamilieswantedtostartabaseballleagueinour

neighborhood.Werethereanyfieldsforthat?WhenIhadtospeaktotheofficialincharge,Igotbutterfliesinmy

stomach.Whatifhesaidno?”Yes,wehavetwofieldsforfourhourseverySundaymorning,themansaidhearing

myrequest.Ourleaguewasfounded.Whatajoyitwastositonthebenches,watchingWillandTimplaying

baseball!AndIbecamethemostunlikelybaseballmissioner（专员）ever.

Manyyearshavepassed.NowWillandTimarenewdads,andIcan'twanttoseewhatthey'llhavetodo.I

knowbetterthananyone:Parenthoodcallsyoutodothemostunlikelythings.

4.WhydidtheauthorthinkhissonWillhadthewrongfather?

A.Hehadpoorbaseballskills.B.Hehadnoconfidenceinhisson.

C.Hewouldn'tplaycatchwithhisson.D.Hedidn'tknowwhathisson'sdreamwas.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“cateredto“inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Wontherespectof.B.Ensuredthesafetyof.

C.Servedthepurposeof.D.Savedthetroubleof.

6.Howdidtheauthorprobablyfeelwhiletalkingtotheofficial?

A.Confident.B.Peaceful.C.Nervous.D.Proud.

7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthetext?

A.Theneedtochallengeoneself.B.Thegreatnessofparentallove.

C.Theroleofsportsinkids5growth.D.Therelationshipbetweenparentsandkids.

【答案】4.A5.C6.C7,B

【解析】

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者不擅长棒球，但是儿子们喜欢棒球。作者不能陪儿子练球，威尔

进不了联盟打球很失望，作者为了儿子建立了一个招收更小球员的联盟。

【4题详解】

推理判断题o由文章第一段中"Becauseofmyweakarm,theballoftendroppedbeforehecouldcatchit.After

manymisses,hesaidoneday,“HowamIevergoingtomakethemajorleagues（联盟）?”"Youhavethewrongdad,

kid,"Ithought.Baseballisn'tmything.（因为我的胳膊弱，球经常在他接住之前就掉了下来。在多次失误之后，

有一天他说：“我怎么才能进入大联盟呢？”“孩子，你找错爸爸了，"我想。棒球不是我的菜。）”可知，

作者的棒球技术很差，所以作者认为他的儿子威尔有一个错误的父亲。故选A。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。由文章第二段中“Ireallyhopedwehadsomethinglesspetitive,somethingthatweledyoungerboys

andgirls.（我真的希望我们有一些竞争不那么激烈的东西，一些欢迎年轻男孩和女孩的东西。）”可知，这个

少年棒球联盟只服务于大一点的男孩。划线词的含义是“服务于，适合"。A.Wontherespectof赢得了……

的尊重；B.Ensuredthesafetyof确保的安全；C.Servedthepurposeof为服务；D.Savedthetroubleof

省去了...的麻烦。故选C。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第三段中"WhenIhadtospeaktotheofficialincharge,Igotbutterfliesinmystomach.（当

我不得不和主管官员说话时，我心里七上八下。）”可知，作者在与这位官员交谈时是焦虑的、担忧的。故

选C。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Iknowbetterthananyone:Parenthoodcallsyoutodothemostunlikelythings.

（我比任何人都清楚：为人父母需要你去做最不可能的事情。）”可知，作者想在文中强调父母之爱的伟大。

故选B。

C

SteveDavies,a23yearoldboarddesignerinWales,isdevelopingasurfboardmadefrommycelia（菌丝体）

insteadofplastic.

A2022reportshowedthatmorethan400,000boardsaremadeeachyear.Theglobalmarketforsurfboards

reached$2.2billionin2020andisexpectedtoreach$3.2billionby2027.Butabout80%ofboardsaremadefrom

plastic,whichcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Thiswillbeaseriousproblemfortheenvironmentasthe

marketgrows.

“Andevenwhenitdoesbreakdown,itcangointofish'secosystem（生态系统），whichmeansthathumans

willendupeatingthisplastic,9,Daviessaid.

Daviesmadehisfirstsurfboardin2020,buttheexperienceshowedhimmanyharmfulmaterialswere

producedinmakingeachboard.Duringhisfinalyearatuniversity,hestartedlookingintomyceliaandmakinghis

belovedsportmoreenvironmentfriendly.

“Myfamilyownsafarmwithhorses,soIwasquicklyabletocollectsubstratematerial（基料）intheformof

horsebedding,toallowthemyceliatogrowin,^^Daviesexplained."Thisgavemeanideatostartasurfboard

business-growingsurfboardsonafarmnearthebeachandusingwastematerialsfromthatverysamefarm,

reducingthetransportofmaterials,andthereforereducingcarbon（碳）givenoutintotheenvironment.

“Intherightconditions,wewillgrowamyceliumboardinaround21days,“Daviessaid."Thedreamwould

betomakeitthenewstandard.Connectingwithnaturewouldbethenewdesignrulesandthatwouldbereallycool.

We'reusingtheseaandweshouldgivebacktothesea.”

8.WhatdothenumbersinParagraph2mainlyshow?

A.Goingsurfingcostsalotofmoney.B.Surfingispopularwithyoungpeople.

C.Designingsurfboardsisagoodbusiness.D.Makingecofriendlysurfboardsisnecessary.

9.WhydoesDaviesmention"fish'secosystem^^?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Topresentareason.

C.Tomakeaparison.D.Toshareanexperience.

10.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?

A.WhyDavieslovedtodesignsurfboards.

B.WhatmadeDavies9surfboardbusinesspossible.

C.WhyDavieswantedtostudymyceliaatuniversity.

D.HowDaviescollectedsubstratematerialtomakesurfboards.

11.WhatcanwelearnfromDavies9wordsinthelastparagraph?

AHesupportsenvironmentfriendlyproducts.B.Hehopestosucceedinsellingsurfboards.

C.Helovestogetdesigningideasfromsea.D.Hedreamsofcreatingcoolersurfboards.

【答案】8.D9,B10.B11.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冲浪板设计师史蒂夫・戴维斯正在开发一种用菌丝体代替塑料制

成的冲浪板。这种冲浪板既省钱又环保。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第二段中"A2022reportshowedthatmorethan400,000boardsaremadeeachyear.The

globalmarketforsurfboardsreached$2.2billionin2020andisexpectedtoreach3.2billionby2027.Butabout

80%ofboardsaremadefromplastic,whichcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Thiswillbeaserious

problemfortheenvironmentasthemarketgrows.（2022年的一份报告显示，每年制造的电路板超过40万块。

全球冲浪板市场达到了2美元。到2020年将达到20亿美元，预计将达到30亿美元。到2027年将达到20

亿。但大约80%的木板是由塑料制成的，塑料需要数百年才能分解。随着市场的增长，这将成为一个严重

的环境问题。）”可知，制作环保冲浪板是必要的。故选D。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。由文章第三段“"Andevenwhenitdoesbreakdown,itcangointofish'secosystem（生态系统），

whichmeansthathumanswillendupeatingthisplastic,"Daviessaid.（即使它真的分解了，它也会进入鱼类的

生态系统，这意味着人类最终会吃掉这种塑料，”戴维斯说。）”可知，戴维斯提到“鱼类的生态系统”是

为了提出环保的理由。故选B。

【10题详解】

主旨大意题。由文章第五段中“Myfamilyownsafarmwithhorses,soIwasquicklyabletocollectsubstrate

material（基料）intheformofhorsebedding,toallowthemyceliatogrowin,^^Daviesexplained.t6Davies

explained."Thisgavemeanideatostartasurfboardbusiness-growingsurfboardsonafarmnearthebeachand

usingwastematerialsfromthatverysamefarm,reducingthetransportofmaterials,andthereforereducingcarbon

（碳）givenoutintotheenvironment."（戴维斯解释道：“我家有一个养马的农场，所以我很快就能够以马床的

形式收集基料，让菌丝生长在里面。“这给了我一个开始冲浪板生意的想法一一在海滩附近的农场种植冲

浪板，使用同一个农场的废料，减少材料的运输，从而减少排放到环境中的碳。“）”可知，戴维斯解释了

什么使他的冲浪板生意成为可能。故选B。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“"Thedreamwouldbetomakeitthenewstandard.Connectingwithnature

wouldbethenewdesignrulesandthatwouldbereallycool.We'reusingtheseaandweshouldgivebacktothe

sea.”（我们的梦想是使它成为新的标准。与自然的联系将是新的设计规则，这将真的很酷。我们在利用海洋，

我们应该回馈大海。可知，从最后一段戴维斯的话中，了解到新的设计规则与自然联系，说明他支持

环保产品。故选A。

D

Whilescientistshavemanyideas,theyarenotcertainwhyhumansyawn（打哈欠）.Still,thereisonething

expertsknow-yawnsseemtobecontagious（传染）！

Haveyouevercaughtayawnfromsomeoneelse?Mostpeoplehave.Infact,apersonissixtimesmorelikely

toyawnafterseeingsomeoneelsedoso.Expertshavedonemanystudiesintowhyyawnsseemtopassfrom

persontoperson.Asaresult,theyhaveafewtheories（理论）forthereasonbehindit.

Onepossibleexplanationhassomethingtodowithsocialmirroring,whichiscausedbymirrorneurons（镜像

神经元）inthebrain.Thesemirrorneuronshelpthebrainnoticeusefulbehaviorofothersandthencopyit.When

onepersonseesanotheryawn,hismirrorneuronsobservetheactionandconsiderittobebeneficial.Thatmay

causehimtoyawn,too.

Anotherpopulartheoryisthatyawnsarecontagiousbecauseofsocialrelationships.Beingsocialcreatures,

humansformfriendships,familiesandlivetogetheringroups.Thafswhymanypeoplemirrorothers,suchas

smilingwhenanotherpersonsmiles.Yawningmaybejustanotherexampleofthis.Infact,researchhasshownthat

oneismostlikelytocatchyawnsfromanotherpersonifthetwoshareasocialrelationship.

Theanswercouldevenbethatyawnsaren'ttrulycontagiousatall.Instead,peopleyawntogethersimply

becausethey'reinthesameenvironment.Expertssaymanythingsmaycauseyawning,includingtemperatureand

timeofday.Whatevertheexplanationis,expertsdoknowthatcontagiousyawnsaren'tlimitedtohumans.One

studyfoundthatlionsinSouthAfricaalsocaughteachother'syawns.

12.Whatkindofbehaviormaybecopiedbymirrorneurons?

A.Importantandattractive.B.Usefulandbeneficial.

C.Hardtounderstand.D.Easytocopy.

13.WhoseyawnsarepeoplemostlikelytocatchaccordingtoParagraph4?

A.Thosewhoyawnalot.B.Thosewholikesmiling.

C.Thosecloselyconnectedwiththem.D.Thosesharingthesameinterestwiththem.

14.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingaboutinthefollowingparagraph?

A.Tipsonhowtoavoidyawninginpublic.

B.Arealexplanationforcontagiousyawning.

C.Otherexamplesofanimalsyawningtogether.

D.Thingsthatmaycauseyawningamonghumans.

15.Whichofthefollowingservesasthebesttitle?

A.WhyyawnsarecontagiousB.Whatcausespeopletoyawn

C.WhoyawnsmorethanothersD.Whyhumansyawnnowandthen

【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于打哈欠会传染的理论。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段"Onepossibleexplanationhassomethingtodowithsocialmirroring,whichis

causedbymirrorneuronsinthebrain.Thesemirrorneuronshelpthebrainnoticeusefulbehaviorofothersand

thencopyit.Whenonepersonseesanotheryawn,hismirrorneuronsobservetheactionandconsiderittobe

beneficial.Thatmaycausehimtoyawn,too.（一种可能的解释与社交镜像有关，社交镜像是由大脑中的镜像神

经元引起的。这些镜像神经元帮助大脑注意到他人的有用行为，然后复制它。当一个人看到另一个人打哈

欠时，他的镜像神经元会观察到这个动作，并认为这是有益的。这也可能导致他打哈欠）”可知，镜像神经

元可以复制有用和有益的行为。故选B项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段"Anotherpopulartheoryisthatyawnsarecontagiousbecauseofsocial

relationships.Beingsocialcreatures,humansformfriendships,familiesandlivetogetheringroups.That'swhy

manypeoplemirrorothers,suchassmilingwhenanotherpersonsmiles.Yawningmaybejustanotherexampleof

this.Infact,researchhasshownthatoneismostlikelytocatchyawnsfromanotherpersonifthetwoshareasocial

relationship.（另一个流行的理论是，打哈欠会因为社会关系而传染。作为社会生物，人类建立友谊、家庭，

并以群体的形式生活在一起。这就是为什么很多人都会模仿别人，比如当别人微笑时微笑。打哈欠可能只

是另一个例子。事实上，研究表明，如果一个人和另一个人有着共同的社会关系，那么他们最有可能被对

方打哈欠）”可知，人们最容易被那些与他们关系密切的人的哈欠传染。故选C项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后——段uExpertssaymanythingsmaycauseyawning,includingtemperatureandtime

ofday.Whatevertheexplanationis,expertsdoknowthatcontagiousyawnsaren'tlimitedtohumans.Onestudy

foundthatlionsinSouthAfricaalsocaughteachother'syawns.（专家表示，许多因素可能会导致打哈欠，包括温

度和一天中的时间。无论解释是什么，专家们都知道传染性哈欠并不局限于人类。一项研究发现，南非的

狮子也会互相打哈欠）”可推知，在接下来的段落中，作者可能会继续谈论其他动物一起打哈欠的例子。故

选C项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。结合全文及文章第一段"Whilescientistshavemanyideas,theyarenotcertainwhyhumansyawn.

Still,thereisonethingexpertsknow—yawnsseemtobecontagious!（虽然科学家们有很多想法，但他们不确定

人类为什么会打哈欠。尽管如此，专家们还是知道一件事一打哈欠似乎会传染！）”可知，文章主要介绍

了一些关于打哈欠会传染的理论，故A项“为什么打哈欠会传染”适合作为文章的标题。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everyonebenefitsfromexercise,nomattertheirage,sexorphysicalability.Hereareafewwaysthatexercise

canleadtoahappier,healthieryou.

Exercisecontrolsweight.Whenyoutakepartinphysicalactivity,youbumcalories.Regulartripstothegym

aregreat,butdon'tworryifyoucan'tfindlotsoftimetoexerciseeveryday.16Justgetmoreactive

throughoutyourday.Forexample,takethestairsinsteadoftheelevator.

Worriedaboutheartdiseases?Expectingtopreventhighbloodpressure?17Beingactiveincreases

the"good"cholesterol（胆固醇）anddecreasesunhealthytriglycerides（甘油三酉旨）.Thiskeepsyourbloodflowing

smoothly,reducingyourriskofsufferingfromheartandblooddiseases.

Needinganemotionallift?18Avisittothegymorabriefwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulates

（刺激）manybrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.

Strugglingtofallintosleep?Regularphysicalactivitycanhelpyoufallasleepfaster,getbettersleepand

deepenyoursleep.19Oryoumaybetooenergizedtogotosleep.

20Theygiveyouachancetoenjoytheoutdoorsorsimplydoactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.

Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.Findaphysicalactivity

youenjoy,andjustdoit.Bored?Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithfriendsorfamily.

A.Justexercise.

B.Justdon'texercisetooclosetobedtime.

C.Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannone.

D.Hopingtolowerstressafterastressfulday?

E.Benefitsofregularexercisearehardtoforget.

F.Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbefunandsocial!

G.Feelingtiredaftergroceryshoppingordoinghousework?

【答案】16.C17.A18.D19.B20.F

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些可以让你更快乐、更健康的锻炼方法。

【16题详解】

由上文“Regulartripstothegymaregreat,butdon'tworryifyoucan'tfindlotsoftimetoexerciseeveryday.（定

期去健身房是很好的，但如果你每天找不到足够的时间锻炼，也不要担心。）”和后文“Justgetmoreactive

throughoutyourday.Forexample,takethestairsinsteadoftheelevator.（每天都要多活动。例如，走楼梯而不是

乘电梯。）”可知，本空要说跟“少量的活动比不活动好”有关的话题，故C选项“Anyamountofactivityis

betterthannone.（任何程度的活动都比没有好。）”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。

【17题详解】

由上文"Worriedaboutheartdiseases?Expectingtopreventhighbloodpressure?（担心心脏病吗？想要预防高

血压？）”可知，本空要说解决这些问题的方法，故A选项“Justexercise.（锻炼吧）”能承接上文，符合题意。

故选Ao

【18题详解】

由上文“Needinganemotionallift?（需要情绪提升吗？）”可知，本空要说跟“锻炼和情绪关系”有关的话题,

由后文“Physicalactivitystimulatesmanybrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedand

lessanxious.（体育活动会刺激大脑中的许多化学物质，让你感觉更快乐、更放松、更少焦虑。）”可知，锻

炼让你感觉更快乐、更放松、更少焦虑，故D选项"Hopingtolowerstressafterastressfulday?（希望在紧

张的一天后减轻压力？）”能承上启下，符合题意。故选D。

【19题详解】

由上文“Strugglingtofallintosleep?Regularphysicalactivitycanhelpyoufallasleepfaster,getbettersleepand

deepenyoursleep.（挣扎着入睡？有规律的体育锻炼可以帮助你更快入睡，获得更好的睡眠，加深你的睡眠。）”

可知，本空要说跟“锻炼和睡眠”有关的话题，故B选项"Justdon'texercisetooclosetobedtime.（只是不

要在临睡前锻炼。）”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。

【20题详解】

由下文“Theygiveyouachancetoenjoytheoutdoorsorsimplydoactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.Physical

activitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,

andjustdoit.Bored?Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithfriendsorfamily.（它们给你一个享受户外活动的

机会，或者只是做一些让你快乐的活动。体育活动还可以帮助你在一个有趣的社交环境中与家人或朋友联

系。找一项你喜欢的体育活动，然后去做。无聊？尝试一些新的东西，或者和朋友或家人一起做一些事情。）”

可知，锻炼让人快乐，又增进人际关系，故F选项“Exerciseandphysicalactivitycanbefunandsocial!（锻

炼和体育活动既有趣又社交！）”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳

选项。

ItwasNovember.Theskywasgraywithdarkcloudsandafreezingrain.Mymood21theday.

ThanksgivingwasingsoonandthenChristmasbutafterthatwasalong,dark,coldwinterandIwasn't22

it.

TheolderIgotthelessitseemedI23thewintermonths.WhenIwasaboy,theymeant24in

thesnow,makingsnowmen,havingsnowballfights,andthensittingwithmydogbythe25andreadingmy

favoritebooks.Nowtheyjust26watchingthedaysgetshorter,drivingonslippyroads,andfeelingthecold

windbitemyfaceeverytimeIwentoutside.

Ilayonmybed,hopingIcouldsleepunderthecoversuntil27.Justthenmylittledogclimbedonto

my28andlookedatmewithherbig,weteyes.Sheappearedsosadandmiserable.66IsthathowI29

rightnow?”Ithought,knowingthatsheoften30mymoods.Ismiledandpattedheruntilshesmiledtoo.

Ifeelgratefulforhavingthisloving,littledog.She3]methatthewholeworldaroundusisourmirror.

Wecaneitherbeareflectionof32ordarkness.Wecaneithergivetheworldkindnessandjoyorfearand

33.Lifetrulyiswhatwe34itandwecanreflectourwarmth,loveandlighteveninwinter's

35days.

21.

A.countedB.admiredC.matchedD.rescued

22.

A.lookingforwardtoB.keepingupwithC.takingnoticeofD.gettingalongwith

23.

A.achievedB.rememberedC.neededD.liked

24.

A.playingB.trainingC.performingD.driving

25.

A.roadsideB.treeC.riverD.fire

26.

A.enjoyedB.meantC.advisedD.regretted

27.

A.springB.summerC