2023北京海淀区高一下学期期末英语试题及答案

2023北京海淀高一（下）期末英语2023.07学校_______班级____________________1.本试卷共8页，共四个部分，59道小题。满分100分。考试时间902.在试卷和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级名称、姓名。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题纸上，选择题用铅笔作答，其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束，请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。考生须知第一部分：听力理解（共三节，18分）第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。1.WhatshouldthewomandotojointheRockClimbingClub?A.Fillintheform.B.Payfortheclub.C.Prepareahelmet.2.thepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.CustomerandB.Professorandstudent.3.Whendoesmanplantoarriveattheparty?C.PassengerandA.At7:00.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.4.Whatistheman9ssolutiontohisproblem?A.Reviewingtheverbswithhishelp.B.Addingtheendoftheverbs.C.Sleepingwiththegrammarbook.第二节（共小题；每小题1分，共分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Petraising.B.Birdfeeding.C.Animalcare.6.Whyabirdagoodchoiceforthespeakers?A.Abirdcageistooexpensive.B.Abirdneedsalotofclean-up.C.Theyknowhowtoraiseit.听第6段材料，回答第7至8小题。7.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Planningvacations.B.pictures.8.Inwhichwaydoesthemanprefertotakepictures?C.Buyingcameras.A.WhenpeopleareB.peoplednotice.C.withotherpeople.听第7段材料，回答第9至9.Whatisthemaincauseofthestress?A.Preparingthefinals.B.fromaches.C.Lowefficiencyatwork.10.Whichsuggestiondoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportant?A.Havingasoundsleepatnight.B.Settingareasonabledailyschedule.C.Puttingthemostimportanttaskfirst.Howwillthemanprobablyfeelafterworkingout?A.Fulfilled.B.Relaxed.C.Satisfied.听第8段材料，回答第至12.Whatmightattractkids?A.Howphysicsworks.B.Howpatternsareformed.C.Howplaneshavedeveloped.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemuseumfromthelecture?A.forvisitorsofdifferentages.B.Adultsdislikeexhibitions.C.Eachexhibitionhashands-onactivities.14.Whatisthepurposeofthelecture?A.lookforvolunteers.B.compareshows.C.introduceexhibitions.第三节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）听下面一段独白，完成第15至18四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。toStartaConversationAskforinformation••••••An___15___andnaturaltobuildafriendlyrelationshipAgreatapproachsomeoneSeekforhelpMaketheotherpersonfeelhelpfulBemorelikely___16___you___17___asharedexperienceFinda___18___asatalkingpointMakegettingalongmucheasier第二部分：知识运用(共两节，25分)第一节(共10小题；每小题1.515分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Sachininvestedeverythinghehadandborrowedsomemoneyfromfriendstostarthistextilebusiness.Despitehisbesttomaintaintop___19___inhisproducts,hewasonlygettingsmallprojectsandtheearningswerenot___20___itsbasiccost.friendsstartedaskingfortheirmoneyback,leavinghimfeelingdefeated.Onewhilesittingonafarm,Sachinafarmeraskedhimhelookeddown.Sachinexplainedhisbusinessgivinghimthe___21___he’dhopedforandthathewasthinkingofsellingit.ThefarmerthentookSachinseeamangotreeandabambootree.“Boththetreeswereplantedatthesametime,___22___nurturedwithandsunshine.Inthefirsttwoyears,themangotreegrewwhilethebambootreeremainedrelativelydormant(休眠的).Itcontinuedforthethirdandfourthyears.Inthefifththemangotreestarted___23___fruits.Still,therewereno___24___ofgrowthinthebambootree.fellowfarmerstoldnotwasteanytimeonit.ButInevergaveup.weektherea___25___growthinthebambootree.Thenwithinsixweeks,thetreegrewfeet.inthefirstfouryears,itwasdevelopingitsrootdeepundergroundastrongbaseforoutsidegrowth.”Sachinrealizedthatthesameprinciple___26___hisbusiness.Hewentbackhisfriends,requestedformoretimeandthenbeganexploringopportunitiestogetbigorders.Inthethirdmonth,a(n)___27___orderfromamultinationalcompanyworthmillionsofdollarscamein.Sachinandhisteamdeliveredtheorderontime,maintainingtheirhighstandards,andthecompanycontinuedtogivethemmoreorders.businessbecamehighlyprofitable,andhe___28___allthedebtsheowedtohisfriends.19.A.20.A.21.A.22.A.23.A.24.A.25.A.26.A.27.A.28.A.rankingcoverB.balanceB.cutC.qualityC.manageC.concernsC.finallyD.appearanceD.increaseopportunitiesB.returnsD.expensesD.hurriedlyD.gatheringD.responsesD.noticeablehardlybearingsignsB.equallyB.changingB.cluesC.preservingC.patternsC.visualsolidB.steadymadeupregularraisedB.turnedintoB.ordinaryB.settledC.resultedfromD.appliedtoC.massiveC.investedD.familiarD.consumed第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，共分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AMostpeoplefromwhatisknownas“Just-me-ism”.Whatisthat?sayyouleavethe___29___(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth,leavealightonwhenyougooutoryoudropapieceoflitterandcan’tbebotheredtopickitup.Andallthesewouldbeveryharmful.inspireyoungpeopletakeactionfortheenvironment,animalsandtheirinstitutecalledRoots&Shoots___30___(establish)theearly1990sbyJaneGoodall.Roots&Shootshopes___31___(involve)millionsofyoungpeopleallovertheworldbeapartofacommunityforasharedfuture.BAftercollege,Itriedforsixmonthsgetajob,butluckwasbad.onedayIwasinadowntownshop,___32___(bury)intheandmyluckbegantochange.Ayoungwomansittingnexttomeasked___33___shecouldreadmyIsaidOKandwestartedtalking.toldmesheworkedahugeadvertisingcompanyand___34___(look)foranassistantthemoment.ItoldherIwasinterestedmasscommunicationandhadstudieditfouryearsattheoneweek,Iwasherassistant.CMostgardenerswillprobablysaygardeningisgoodforyou.Accordingtoapeoplegardenhavea___35___(healthy)diet,getmoreexercise,andfeellessstress.Researchersstudiedthebenefitsofgardeningsharedcommunitygardens___36___peopleworkTheysuggestgardeningmayreducestressbecauseitexposespeopletonature,whilecommunitygardensalsoprovide___37___(chance)forsocialinteraction.Therefore,theyhopetheresultswillencouragedoctorsandgovernmentleadersregardcommunitygardens___38___avitalpartofthepublichealthsystem.第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，32分)第一节(共小题；每小题2分，共分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADoyouknowsomeonehasahardopeningbottlesorjarshome?Eighth—gradestudentsinMarkengineeringclassweretaskedwithmakingchangestoaproducttomakeeasierforpeoplewithchallengestouse.Ratherthanrequiringstep-by-stepdirectionsforcreatingtheirprojects,Boltpreferredtoleavestudents?creativepathsopen.seesomeofthestudents’products.ADeviceThatEasilyOpensBottlesfindasolutionhergrandmotherhadopeningbottles,Alanalookedexistingbottleopenersthenshecreatedherown.Sheusedapieceofwoodshapedlikeacellphone.Next,shemadethreeholesofdifferentsizesthewoodsothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.Eachholealsohadalayerofdried,stickyhotglue,whichprovidedafirmgripforthebottlecaps.asimpletwistofthedevice,hergrandmothercouldopenbottleswithouthelp.ACoffeeCupASupportive“Thumb”Duearthritis,adiseasethatcausespaininoraroundthejoints,grandfatherhadtroubleholdingacup.Robertsimplifiedarobotic“thirdthumb”devicecreatedbyaLondonHeusedrubberbandsanda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra“thumb”whichcanfirmlysupportthebottomofacup.AReadingMichaelnoticedhowdyslexia—acommonreadingmadeitdifficultforafriendtofollowalongonpagesfulloftext.isalanguage-processingcondition.Thebraintendstoconfusetheorderofnumbers,lettersandotherimages.So,Michaelcreatedasmalladjustablewindow-blind-styledevice.“Myfriendcouldisolatesmallsectionsoftextwhilereading,”hesaid.39.grandmothercouldopenbottleseasilyby_____________.A.stickingbottlecapstodeviceB.connectingthedevicetoacellphoneC.twistingthedevicethathasholesinD.cuttingholesofdifferentsizesinwood40.WhatdidRobertdotohelphisgrandfather?A.Hereformedaprocessformametal“thumb”.B.Hecreatedasimpler“thumb”deviceinthecup.C.Headdedplasticmaterialsthe“thumb”device.D.Heusedbandsanda3D-printedformtomakea41.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethestudentsinthepassage?A.Independentandpatient.C.Ambitiousandhardworking.B.Creativeandconsiderate.D.Open-mindedandgenerous.BSportshavebeenabigpartofmylife.Iplayedflagfootballinelementaryschoolandmiddleschool.Inhighschool,beforeIgothurt,Ionswimteamandtrackteam.ItwasthesummergoingintomysenioryearwhenIwashitbyaThedoctorinformedmethattherewasnohopeoffullAsasixteen-year-oldyouhavealotofself-doubtsandaretryingyouare.So,youthrowinaccidentontopofthatanditkindofthrewaloopintothingsme.Itwasdefinitelyhard,thephysicalpainofandlearningtolivelife.Andtherewastheemotionalpain,too.mentalofbeingparalyzed(瘫痪)ismoreseverethanthephysicalpain.WhenIwasinthehospital,oneoftheguysfromtheUniversityof(UW)thatplayedontheWhitewaterwheelchairbasketballteamvisited.Hetoldmeaboutadaptivesports,andIthoughtthatsoundedgood.HegavemyinformationtothelocaljuniorwheelchairbasketballcoachinMilwaukee.IstartedplayingthatPlayingbasketballwasareallygoodthingforme.Itletmeseeabunchofpeopleinthesamesituationasme.Itwasgoodtohaveagroupoffriendsforsupport.IstudiedatSouthwestMinnesotaStateUniversityforthreeyearsandthentransferredtoUW-WhitewaterformyseniorIwasinvited2013outfortheNationalandmadeit.Thatwasalwaysmygoal.Alotofpeoplewouldaskmewhatmybackupplanwas—Ihaveone,tobehonest.TheParalympicsisthepinnacleofoursports.beenprettyeasyformetostaymotivated.werethebestteaminthe2016Paralympics.Andthisteamwaswaygoodjusttowinonemedal,soIhadtobackin2020.I’mnotsurerightnowaboutgettingreadyforthe2024Paralympics.TheteamisgrowingandgoingthroughsomeIhonestlyknowwhatmyfutureholds.IjusttobearoundthepeoplethatIcareaboutandcareaboutme—whetherontheNationalorjustmyfriendsbackhome.Theyaresecurityblanket,thegoodpeopleinmylife.onethingI’msureisthatplayingbasketballisstillnumberone,withafocusontheParalympics.NowIamsignedasaplayerwithateamoverinSpainandFmexploringwhatthenextchaptersofmylifemightbelike.42.Whatdoestheunderlined“that”inParagraph2referto?A.Beingunabletodosports.B.Beinghitbyacaratsixteen.C.Feelinguncertainabouthimself.D.Sufferingphysicalandmentalpains.43.Whathelpedtheauthorregainpassionsportsaftertheaccident?A.Playingwheelchairbasketball.B.C.outfortheNationalD.amedalinthe2016Paralympics.44.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A.Heplanstoswitchtoflagfootballinthefuture.B.Hewillgraduatefrom2024.C.Hewantstoplaybasketballatthe2024Paralympics.D.HeintendstocoachwheelchairbasketballplayersinSpain.45.thepassagemainlyabout?A.HowplayingbasketballempoweredtheB.Howpeoplearoundtheauthorsupportedhim.C.Howtheauthor9sbackupplanshapedhim.D.Howtheauthorenjoyedhiscollegelife.CHaveyoueverboughtanewcarandstartednoticingtheexactcolorandmodelofcareverywhere?thattypeofcarjustbecomepopularyourcity?theytherebefore?Orareyoujustgoingcrazy?notgoingThereasonyouarenowjustnoticingthemiswhatpsychologistscall“priming”thecarswerealwaysthere.justdidn’trecognizethemwhenthatcertainmodelofcarbecomespartofyourconsciousthinking,youstart“automatically”recognizingalloftheothercarsthatthesame,becauseyouarealready“primed”todoso.Theprimingtakesmanyforms.onestudentswereaskedwalkaroundaroomfor5minutesatarateof30stepsperminute,whichwasaboutone-thirdtheirnormalpace.Afterthisbriefexperience,theparticipantsweremuchquickertorecognizewordsrelatedtooldage,suchasforgetful,old,andReciprocalprimingtendtoproduceacoherentreaction:ifyouareprimedtothinkofoldage,youwouldtendactold,andactingoldwouldreinforcethethoughtofoldage.Thisresearchshowsthatthewethinkinfluencestheweact,andthewayweactinfluencesthewaywethink.AsimilarconclusionwasreachedbytheAmericanpsychologistJamesacenturyago,butheemphasizedtheonfeeling.“Actionsseemfollowfeeling,butreallyactionsandfeelinggotogether;andbyregulatingtheaction,whichisunderthemoredirectcontrolofthewill,wecanindirectlyregulatethefeeling,whichisnot.Thusthepathcheerfulness,shouldourcheerfulnessbelost,istositupcheerfullyandactandspeakasifcheerfulnesswerealreadythere.”So,it.IfyouwanttobejustupandactBasedonthesescientificfindings,canadoptcertainprimingtohelpmakeourselvesconsistentlyOnethingwehavecommonisourabilitytothink,andthusfeel.Pleasantthoughtshavebeenprovenproducethechemicalsthatmakeusfeelparticularlythoughtsandfeelingsofgratitude.wepurposefullygothroughandthinkaboutthethingswe’regratefulanddeliberatelyfeelasmuchgratitudewecan,wearefloodingourmindwiththe“happychemicals”.Furthermore,byconsciouslythinking,feelingandexpressinggratitude,wewillnotonlybehappierinthemoment,wewillbetorecognizethethingsourlifetoappreciate.Eachtimethishappens,the“happychemicals”willbeproduced.DothiseverydayandwewillbecomeconsistentlyThismakesupforthemomentaryhappinesswegainfromeatingchocolateorbuyingnewclothes.Morethanthat,combiningthoughtsofgratitudewithhappyactslikesmilingandlaughingwillhaveasupplementarypositiveonourstateofmind.46.WhichofthefollowingisanexampleoftheprimingA.muchfasterafterattendingalectureaboutoldage.B.Donatingmoneytothepoorafterseeingpicturesofcutecats.C.LearningaboutvarioustypesofcarsafterpurchasingthefirstD.CompletingasSOUPratherthanafterseeingthewordE47.WhatdoestheunderlinedinParagraph3probablymean?A.Related.B.C.D.Opposite.48.Whatwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Eatingorshoppingleadsconsistentfeelingsofhappiness.B.Ourwillhasgreatercontroloveremotionsthanoveractions.C.Happychemicalsmakeusthinkaboutthethingswe’regratefulD.Practicinggratitudefrequentlypreparesusforlong-termhappiness.49.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlethepassage?A.PrimetoBeHappierB.ShareHappinesstoEnhanceC.WhyGratitudeIsImportantinPsychologyD.HowHappyChemicalsThoughts第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。toSavetheSeaFloridahassomeofthebestbeachestheworld.Thousandsofpeoplevisitthestateenjoythesand.Butthesebeachesarealsohomefivespeciesofseaturtles.Amajorproblemisfacingtheseinterestingcreatures.___50___SohowFloridiansprotectthesespecialanimals?SomevolunteersandresearchersFloridatakedirectactionhelptheturtles.Theylookcloselythesandtofindthe（鳍）marksthemotherturtlesleftthere.___51___Whenthey’vefiguredwheretheeggswerelaid,theymarktheareathatnoonedisturbstheeggs.Theyalsocollectinformationaboutthenestsandtrackstohelppeoplestudyingseaturtles.ThesearenottheonlyFloridianstakingactiontohelpprotectthesecreatures.governmenthaspassedlawstosavetheturtles.oftheselawsisMarineProtectionAct”.Thislawprohibitsanyonefromdisturbingordestroyingmarineturtles,nests,oreggs.___52___AnotherFloridiansworktogethertosavethesecreaturesisthroughorganizationsliketheSeaTheSeaConservancyhelpspeopletakestepsthatwillhelpreducethethreatsthatputseaturtlesinForinstance,brightlightsonbuildingsnearthebeachcannegativelyimpactseaturtles.Babyseaturtlesusuallyhatchonthesandybeachandheadtheocean.Whentherearebrightlightscomingfromtheotheroftheshorefarfromtheocean,thebabyturtlesgetconfused.___53___helpsavetheseturtles,TheSeaConservancyworkswithpropertyownerstomakelightingintheirbuildingsTheyalsoencourageFloridaresidentstoturntheirlightsatnightiftheycloseabeach.___54___Sometimes,turtlesmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish.Theyeatthistrashanddie.Floridaresidentscanvolunteerbeachclean-upsandmakesurepickuptheirownTheycanvotestateleaderswanttoprotecttheseaturtles’habitats.Everyindividualinthecommunityhasthepowertomakeadifference!A.Manyofthemdonotmaketheoceananddie.B.Someoftheseturtlespeciesaredangerofgoingextinct.C.Thishelpsthemtolocatewheretheseaturtleslaidtheireggs.D.Italsohelpsmakesurethatseaturtles’naturalhabitatsareprotected.E.Femaleseaturtlescomefromtheoceanandontothesebeachesatnight.Theyusetheirfinstomovebackacrossthebeachandreturntotheocean.G.EveryFloridiancandotheirparttoprotectseaturtlesandtheirenvironment.第四部分：书面表达(共两节，25分)第一节(共4小题；第55-57小题每题2分，第小题410分)阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Thereisadrivewithinallofustocreateandexpressourselvesthroughart.Thisdrivecomesfromaneedachieveabalancewithinourselves.Artreferstothetheoryandphysicalexpressionofcreativityfoundhumansocietiesandcultures.majorfieldsincludeliteraryarts,performingarts(e.g.theateranddance)andvisualarts(e.g.drawing,painting,filmandsculpture).Artisessentialtoourculturebecauseprovidesuswithadeeperunderstandingofemotions.Throughart,welearnfeeljoytimesofhappinessandweseepainanddespairtimesofsuffering.Creatingartallowsusslowdownandexperienceafullrangeofouremotions,whileviewingothers’releasetheemotionswithinusandallowusexploreourfeelings.ThiscanhelpushealandandsucceedbothpersonallyandArtencouragescriticalthinkingandpromotescommunication.Throughouttheentireprocessofcreatingandappreciatingart,weneedtomakedecisions.uselogicandreasoningfindmeaningwhatweseeorcreate.Artisamediumtosharethoughts,ideasandvisionsthatmaynotbeexpressedinotherways.Throughart,wegainabetterunderstandingofpastandpresentcultures.moretherearenolanguagebarriersinartandthereforeisuniversal.Artalsoenhancesourlives.Theprocessofexperiencingartengagesboththebodyandthemindandprovidesuswithtimereflect.whyartisanotaItcanmakeacommunitymorebeautifulandaworkplaceinteresting.OurhomesreflectourpersonalitiesthroughtheartwechoosetoArtcaninspireus,makeushappyandevenmotivateus.needtoexpressourselvesthroughart.Whenwetakeacloserlookatourworldandbegintoseetheartandcreativityinit,itcansoothe,enrichorencourageourselves.Artisbeautiful,andbeautyisanaesthetic55.Whatdrivespeopletocreateandexpressthemselvesthroughart?56.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenun