中考英语人教版语法专项复习 专题三 形容词和副词

中考英语人教版专项复习专题三形容词和副词目录01.解析02.模拟考题01解析图解语法考点1

形容词形容词的用法1.作表语，位于系动词后。The

dish

you

made

looks

so

nice.

你做的菜看起来很棒。2.作定语，通常位于名词之前，复合不定代词之后。Our

colorful

middle

school

life

is

coming

to

an

end.

我们多姿多彩的初中生活即将结束。3.作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make,

find,

think,

keep等动词连用。Please

keep

the

school

clean

and

tidy.

请保持校园干净整洁。4."the+形容词"表示一类人。the

blind盲人

the

sick病人the

old老人

the

young年轻人the

wounded受伤者

the

living

活着的人有些形容词通常用作表语，如：afraid,

awake,

asleep,

alive,

alone，

ill，

well等。形容词词义辨析

形容词词义辨析是安徽中考的必考点。解答此类题目时，首先要确定各选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，从而确定正确答案。请根据所给语境，结合加黑关键词试练下面的题目：1.—How

do

you

like

the

movie?—It's

___.

It's

one

of

my

favorites.BA.boring

B.fantastic

C.terrible

D.common2.—Have

you

heard

about

the

book

Learn

English,

Tell

China's

Stories?—Of

course!

It's

a

___

book

as

it

helps

English

learners

spread

Chinese

culture.BA.traditional

B.meaningful

C.difficult

D.private3.—How

excellent

the

basketball

players

are!—Yes,

their

coach

is

always

___.

They

practice

really

hard

every

day.AA.strict

B.free

C.honest

D.brave4.After

working

for

a

long

time

I

feel

___

to

listen

to

soft

music.

I

enjoy

this

moment.CA.surprised

B.sad

C.relaxed

D.nervous5.Jack

was

very

___

to

see

his

idol（偶像）

and

he

couldn't

say

a

single

word.AA.excited

B.bored

C.brave

D.afraid常考的形容词短语

形容词在中考中多会以短语的形式出现，因此，在备考时不应忽视对高频形容词短语的复习和巩固。●be+形容词+aboutbe

careful

about

当心……be

crazy

about

热衷于……be

sure/certain

about

对……有把握be

worried

about

对……担忧●be+形容词+atbe

surprised

at

对……感到惊讶be

good

at

擅长……be

mad

at

对……感到生气●be+形容词+forbe

famous

for

因……著名be

ready

for

为……做好准备be

thirsty

for渴望……be

thankful

for感激……●be+形容词+ofbe

afraid

of

害怕……be

full

of充满……be

tired

of

对……感到厌倦be

proud

of

为……而骄傲［2019.55］be

short

of

缺乏……●be+形容词+withbe

angry

with

对……生气be

busy

with忙于……be

strict

with

对……要求严格be

patient

with

对……有耐心be

popular

with

受……欢迎be

pleased

with

对……感到满意be

filled

with被……填满●be+形容词+tobe

similar

to与……相似be

useful

to对……有用考点2

副词副词的用法用法例句作状语She

put

the

glass

down

carefully.

她小心翼翼地放下玻璃杯。作表语I

must

be

off

now.

我现在必须走了。作宾语补足语Let

them

in.

让他们进来。副词的分类类型例词时间副词now,

soon,

before,

ago,

recently,

early［2019.43］等地点副词here,

there,

abroad［2021.32］,

anywhere,

inside,

outside等方式副词safely,

happily［2018.64］,

quickly［2022.46;2020.38］,

slowly,

politely,

loudly,

easily,patiently［2021.22］等程度副词very,

quite,

so,

much,

too,

almost,

enough,

even,

nearly等类型例词频度副词always,

usually,

often,

sometimes,

seldom,

never［2022.32］等疑问副词when,

where,

why［2022.43］,

how等连接副词however［2016.62］,

still,

then,

when,

where,

why,

how［2020.29］等续表同形形容词和副词

一些词既可作形容词，也可作副词。1.词义相似的同形形容词和副词①We

had

an

early（adj.早的）

breakfast.②We

had

breakfast

early（adv.早地）.

①We

went

by

a

fast（adj.快速的）

train.②Don't

speak

so

fast（adv.快地）.2.词义不同的同形形容词和副词

①I

want

a

straight（adj.坦诚的）

answer.

②He

went

straight（adv.直接地）

to

London.①I

don't

feel

well（adj.身体健康的）

today.②Our

plans

go

well（adv.顺利地）

.①It

is

as

hard（adj.坚硬的）

as

a

stone.②The

question

is

too

hard（adj.难的）.③She

studies

hard（adv.努力地）.④He

held

his

mom's

hand

hard（adv.用力地）.以-ly结尾的单词不一定都是副词，有些形容词也是以-ly结尾的。如：friendly（友好的）,

lovely（可爱的）,

lively（充满活力的）,

daily（每日的）,

monthly（每月的），lonely（孤独的）等。副词词义辨析

副词词义辨析是安徽中考的必考点，主要考查学生对副词词义的理解及对语境的把握。解答此类题目时，要在理解各选项含义的基础上，将副词的常见用法和语境相结合，从而确定正确的答案。请结合加黑关键词试练下面的题目：6.The

basketball

match

was

really

exciting,

___

when

the

No.5

player

scored

at

the

last

second.BA.probably

B.especially

C.exactly

D.mostly7.The

task

won't

be

completed

unless

we

work

___

together.CA.widely

B.simply

C.closely

D.strangely8.When

the

traffic

lights

turn

red,

we

must

wait

___.BA.hardly

B.patiently

C.quickly

D.happily9.—How

can

you

finish

the

difficult

task

in

such

a

short

time?—I

divided

it

into

several

parts

and

then

I

could

___

know

what

I

should

do.CA.luckily

B.secretly

C.clearly

D.freely10.—Computers

help

us

study

at

home,

but

they

must

be

used

___.—Sure,

or

they

will

do

harm

to

our

studies

and

life.AA.properly

B.rapidly

C.simply

D.secretly考点3

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级和最高级的构成1.规则变化构成原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er或-estsmallsmallersmallestyoungyoungeryoungest以不发音的字母e结尾的词直接加-r或-stlargelargerlargestwidewiderwidest构成原级比较级最高级以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-estwetwetterwettestbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest续表构成原级比较级最高级以"辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，先变y为i，再加-er或-estbusybusierbusiestheavyheavierheaviestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和某些双音节词在其前加more或mostdifficultmore

difficultmost

difficultcarefulmore

carefulmost

carefulimportantmore

importantmost

important续表2.不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest形容词和副词的原级比较1."A+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+B"表示"A和B一样……"。如：Your

jacket

is

as

new

as

mine.

你的夹克和我的一样新。2."A+谓语动词+not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as+B"表示"A不像B那样……"。如：The

Yellow

River

isn't

so

long

as

the

Yangtze

River.黄河没有长江长。形容词和副词比较级的用法1."A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B"表示"A比B更……"。如：He

works

harder

than

us.

他比我们工作更努力。2."A+谓语动词+less+多音节形容词/副词原级+than+B"表示"A不如B……"

。如：This

red

dress

is

less

expensive

than

the

blue

one.

这条红色的连衣裙没有那条蓝色的贵。3."Which/Who+谓语动词+比较级，A

or

B?"表示"A和B哪一个更……？"。如：Who

runs

faster,

Tom

or

Jerry?

汤姆和杰里，谁跑得更快？4."The+比较级（+其他），the+比较级（+其他）"表示"越……，越……"。如：The

more

careful

you

are,

the

fewer

mistakes

you

will

make.

你越仔细,你犯的错误就越少。5."比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越……"。如：Things

are

getting

better

and

better.

情况正变得越来越好。（1）形容词/副词比较级表示最高级含义①Tom

is

taller

than

any

other

student

in

his

class.汤姆比班里其他任何一个学生都高。②Tom

is

taller

than

the

other

students

in

his

class.汤姆比班里其他学生都高。③Tom

is

taller

than

any

of

the

other

students

in

his

class.

汤姆比班里其他任何一个学生都高。（2）"否定词+比较级"也可表示最高级的含义No

one

is

taller

than

Tom

in

his

class.

在班里没有人比汤姆高。一些可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级的表示程度的副词（短语）有：much,

a

little,

even,

a

lot,

a

bit,

far等。如：It

is

much

colder

today

than

yesterday.

今天比昨天冷得多。形容词和副词最高级的用法

最高级用于三者或三者以上人或事物的比较。在最高级的句型中常用among，in

或of构成的介词短语来指出比较范围。形容词最高级前通常加定冠词the，副词最高级前一般不加定冠词。1."A+谓语动词

（+the）+最高级（+名词）+in/of短语"表示"A是……中最……的"。如：Tom

studies

hardest

in

our

class.

汤姆在我们班学习最努力。2."one

of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语"表示"最……的……之一"。如：Mr.

Smith

is

one

of

the

most

popular

teachers

in

our

school.

史密斯老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。3."the

+序数词+形容词最高级+名词+in/of短语"表示"第几最……的……"。如：The

Yellow

River

is

the

second

longest

river

in

China.

黄河是中国的第二长河。4."Who/Which+谓语动词

（+the）+最高级,

A,

B

or

C?"表示"在三者中最……的一个"。如：Who

works

hardest,

Lily,

Tony

or

Mary?

莉莉、托尼和玛丽，谁工作最努力？当形容词最高级前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词或名词所有格修饰时，其前不用定冠词the。如：I

gave

her

my

brightest

smile.我给了她我最灿烂的微笑。语境小测Ⅰ.单项填空1.The

weather

in

Yunnan

is

so

___

all

year

round

that

many

people

like

to

spend

their

holiday

there.AA.pleasant

B.awful

C.valuable

D.wet2.—Which

of

the

two

dresses

do

you

like

better,Lucy?—They

are

quite

___,

so

I

can't

decide

which

one

to

choose.BA.new

B.similar

C.cheap

D.dear3.—Do

you

know

three

students

of

our

school

have

invented

a

useful

robot?—Wow!

I

am

___

them.BA.careful

of

B.proud

of

C.sure

of

D.tired

of4.[2023蚌埠一模]

Our

English

teacher

always

treats

us

___

even

if

we

sometimes

make

trouble

in

class.AA.kindly

B.carefully

C.lightly

D.badly5.Though

there

is

a

long

line

ahead,

he

waits

___

for

his

turn.DA.simply

B.completely

C.strictly

D.patiently6.We

didn't

go

for

a

picnic.

___,

we

worked

as

volunteers

in

an

old

people's

home.BA.Certainly

B.Instead

C.Anyway

D.StillⅡ.单词拼写1.The

e______（更早地）

you

get

up

in

the

morning,

the

more

time

you'll

have

to

exercise.arlier2.Clothes

made

of

silk

feel

s______（更柔软的）

than

those

made

of

cotton.ofter3.Reading

makes

a

w____（聪明的）

man.ise4.The

house

was

p______（相当）

big.retty5.The

term

is

w______（广泛地）

used

in

everyday

speech.idely语篇提升

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。best

new

richer

big

really

finally

Luckily

simple

When

I

was

20

years

old,

I

had

a

1.____

dream.

I

wanted

to

travel

around

Africa

with

my

backpack（背包）.

So

I

left

my

hometown

and

arrived

in

Cape

Town,

not

2._______

sure

what

to

do

next.

3.________,

before

my

trip

started,

I

met

a

kind,

old

Nigerian

man.

He

gave

me

the

4._____

travel

advice

I

had

ever

received:

"Be

like

a

student

on

your

way

around

the

world."bigreallyLuckilybest

The

advice

sounded

5._______,

but

it

changed

my

idea

about

traveling.

I

learned

that

travel

is

about

learning

cultures.

It's

far

too

easy

to

go

into

a

6._____

country

and

believe

your

ways

are

better.

"But

if

you

study,

ask

questions,

and

try

to

learn

from

the

locals,

you

will

have

far

7._______

experience

than

before,"

he

promised.

After

seven

months

of

traveling

in

Africa,

I

8._______

realized

having

a

student-like

mind

was

really

important.

It

helped

me

learn

a

lot.simplenewricherfinally02模拟考题Ⅰ.单项填空1.[2023荆州中考]

—The

food

in

the

restaurant

is

great,

isn't

it?—Yes,

it's

fine.

I

just

don't

like

the

environment.

The

music

is

too

___.CA.talented

B.useful

C.noisy

D.beautiful2.I

won't

say

I

understand

every

word

the

foreigner

said,

but

at

least

I

get

the

___

idea.AA.general

B.secret

C.clever

D.wrong3.[2023福建中考改编]

—How

do

you

like

my

poem

Moonlight?—I

am___

it.

It's

about

the

beauty

of

nature.BA.afraid

of

B.interested

in

C.worried

about

D.thankful

for4.[2023辽阳中考]

My

mother

was

very

happy

because

she

bought

a

beautiful

scarf

___

online.AA.cheaply

B.badly

C.actively

D.safely5.People

often

miss

their

family

far

away,

___

on

traditional

festivals.DA.hardly

B.nearly

C.luckily

D.especiallyⅡ.单词拼写1.We

live

on

a

very

b_____（熙熙攘攘的）

road.usy2.When

watching

the

raising

of

the

national

flag,

we

should

stand

s________（笔直地）.traight3.I've

already

learned

to

cook

some

s_______（简单的）

meals

on

my

own.imple4.The

pain

made

the

baby

cry

a______（大声地）.loud5.T_____（真正的）

beauty

never

grows

old

with

age.rue语篇填空

请根据首字母、汉语提示及短文内容写出所缺单词。

People

in

the

UK

are

always

talking

about

the

weather.

In

the

UK,

instead

of

saying

"Hello",

people

sometimes

say

"It's

a

1.l______（极好的）

day"

when

the

weather

is

sunny,

or

"2.T_______（糟糕的）

weather,

isn't

it?"

when

it

is

bad.

There

are

many

words

to

describe

the

weather

too.

Why

is

this?

Perhaps

one

of