曼德拉人物简介英语省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖

NelsonMandela1/10

NelsonMandelawasborninTranskei,(特兰斯凯

)SouthAfricaonJuly18,1918.HisfatherwasaChief(酋长)ofatribe．Mandelahasstrongcharacterevenfromhewasachildandheadvocatesnationalherovueymuch．Astheoldestsoninhisfamily,Mandelawasappointedasthesuccessorofthetribe,butherefusedthat．Hesaidhewouldneveradominateatribe,whichwasunderoppressed,withacheifidentify．Hewantedtothrowhimselfintothecareerofthenationalliberation．2/10MandelahimselfwaseducatedatUniversityCollegeofFortHareandtheUniversityofWitwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学）andqualifiedinlawin1942.HejoinedtheAfricanNationalCongress（非洲人国民大会简称ANC）in1944andwasengagedinresistanceagainsttherulingNationalParty‘sapartheidpolicies（种族隔离政策）after1948.3/10

AfterthebanningoftheANCin1960,MandelaarguedforthesettingupofamilitarywingwithintheANC．InJune1961,hebecamethecommander(总司令)ofthemilitaryorganization．Becauseofhispoliticalactivity,hewentontrialfortreason（叛国罪）in1956-1961．In1962,mandelawasarrestedandsentencedtofiveyears'imprisonmentwithhardlabour．In1963,whenmanyfellowleadersoftheANCandthemilitaryorganizationwerearrested,Mandelawasbroughttostandtrialwiththemforplotting（密谋）tooverthrowthegovernmentbyviolence.Hisstatementfromthedock(被告席)receivedconsiderableinternationalpublicity.4/10OnJune12,1964,mandelawassentencedtolifeimprisonment(终生监禁).From1964to1982,hewasincarcerated(关押)atRobbenIslandprison,offcapeTown;thereafter,hewasatpollsmoor

prison,nearbyonthemainland.Hestayedintheprisonfor27yeasandheconsistentlyrefusedtocompromisewithhispoliticalpositiontoobtainhisfreedom.Becauseheneverchanghisstrongmind,whichistobuildannew,equalandfreeSouthAfrica.5/10Duringhisyearsinprison,mandela'sreputationgrewsteady.Hebecameapotentsymbolofresistanceastheanti-apartheidmovement.Atlast,hewasreleasedonFebruary18,1990.Afterhisrelease,heplungedhimselfintohislife'scareer.In1991,atthefirstnationalconferenceoftheANCheldinsideSouthAfrica,hewaselectedPresidentoftheANC.In1994,theANCwonthegeneralelection,mandelabecamethefirstBlackPresidentinthehistoryofSouthAfrica.6/10Inhislifetime,hewonnearly100awards.In1993,hewashonoredwiththeNobelPeacePrize,whichwasinordertocommendhiscontributioninagainstingracialdiscrimination.

MandlaalsopayscloseattentiontoAIDS(艾滋病).HeestablishedAIDSfoundationnamedafterhim.7/10ThetimeofAfricaInafairlylongperiod,Africawasexcludedfromgreatinternationalcompetition,becauseofitsapartheidpolicies(种族隔离政策).ButAfricanslovesportsverymcuh.InordertoholdTheWorldCup,althoughMandelaisoldagedandhealthconditionisnotverygood,healsodidhisbest.OnJune,11,,TheWorldCupofSouthAfricabegan.ThiswasnotjustafootballfeastforAricansbutsomethingmore.Thisfulfilledagreatleader'slong-cherishedwish:peace,solidarityandsoon.8/10Now,thebrithdayofMandelabecameaninternationalfestival.July,18--