江西省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期开学考英语试题

江西高一下学期开学考英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：人教版必修第一册至必修第二册Unit4。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Hehurthisknee.B.Hefailedatest.C.Hemissedaparty.2.WhereisLarrynow?A.Athome.B.Intheoffice.C.Atschool.3.WhatdoesSamprefertodo?A.Run.B.Sing.C.Dance.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wheretohaveatrip.B.Wheretoparkthecar.C.Wheretoseeamovie.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Schoolmates.C.Coworkers.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmanyroomsdoesthewomanwanttobook?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.7.Whydoesthewomanbookaroomwithnobeds?A.Forhercats.B.Forherbags.C.Forherdogs.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Howdidthespeakersetoseethematch?A.Bycar.B.Bytaxi.C.Bybike.9.Whydidthespeakersarriveearly?A.Togetcheaptickets.B.Tofindagoodplace.C.Tomeettheirfriends.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatmakesthemanleavehisjob?A.Longofficehours.B.Aseniorposition.C.Lowpay.11.Whatistheman’splan?ATotakeavacation.B.Togobacktocollege.C.Toapplyforanewjob.12.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Worried.B.Curious.C.Regretful.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Onatrain.B.Inacar.C.Inahotel.14.Whydoesthemanfeelnervous?A.Hewilltakeatest.B.Hewillgivealesson.C.Hewilldeliveraspeech.15.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetotheman’sproblem?A.Uncaring.B.Understanding.C.Doubtful16.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Gettingsomethingtoeat.B.PractisingintheschoolC.Runninganicecreamshop.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhendidthespeakerreturntotheUS?A.In1990.B.In1993.C.In1999.18.Whatdidthespeakerstudyatuniversity?A.Geography.B.Americanhistory.C.Spanisheducation.19.Wheredoesthespeakerworknow?A.InJapan.B.IntheUS.C.InVenezuela.20.Whatisthespeakerlike?A.Heenjoyssports.B.Helovesscience.C.Heishumorous.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFouroftheBestAutumnWalksinBritainRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,LondonIthousesthewidestvarietyoflivingplantsofanybotanicgarden(植物园)ontheplanet,includingaround14,000trees.Everyautumn,itswoodlanddeliversanextraordinaryviewofbrightredandyellowasleavesofvarioustreesbegintochange.Joinaguidedtreestourandlearnhowdifferenttreesaredealingwiththechangingseasons.BrechfaForest,AbergorlechBrechfaForestcoverssome16,000acresinCarmarthenshire,Wales,makingiteasyforwalkerstoenjoythemselvesinwoodlandstransformed(改变)byautumn’sfinestcolours.FollowtheGorlechWalk,whichtrackstheriverGorlechandpassesCalifornianredwoodsthatbeeamixofredandpurpleinNovember.Afteryourwalk,drivetoCarmarthen,oneoftheoldesttownsinWales,forlunch.BatsfordArboretum,CotswoldsMorethan1,300differenttreesandbamboosareshowcasedatBatsfordArboretum,nearthepictureperfecttownofMoretoninMarsh.Thisprivategardencovers60acres,providingoutstandingcoloursbetweenlateOctoberandNovember.Highlightsincludeitslargeareasofleafshadesrangingfromredtopurple.Prebookingticketsduringautumnisremendedtoavoidalargenumberofvisitors.ClumberPark,NottinghamshireThereareover3,800acresofparklandtoexploreatClumberPark,abeautifulplacefeaturingSherwoodForestthatshowsdifferentandchangingcoloursinautumn.Withover20milesoftrails(小径),there’splentyofgroundtocover,soconsiderbringingyourbike.Keepaneyeoutforthepark’sbirds,whichisamainattractionforbirdwatchers.1.WhatcanyoudoatRoyalBotanicGardens?A.AdmireSherwoodForest. B.Joinaguidedtreestour.C.EnjoyMoretoninMarsh. D.Havelunchinanoldtown.2.WhatareyouadvisedtodotovisitBatsfordArboretuminautumn?A.Rideabikewithfriends. B.Walkalonga20miletrail.C.Bookaticketinadvance. D.Setoffearlyinthemorning.3.Wherewillyougoifyoulovebirdwatching?A.ClumberPark. B.BrechfaForest.C.BatsfordArboretum. D.RoyalBotanicGardens.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国四个最好的秋季步道。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据RoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,London部分中“Joinaguidedtreestourandlearnhowdifferenttreesaredealingwiththechangingseasons.(参加一个有导游的树木之旅，了解不同的树木是如何应对季节变化的。)”可知，在RoyalBotanicGardens可以跟随导游欣赏森林美景。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据BatsfordArboretum,Cotswolds部分中“Prebookingticketsduringautumnisremendedtoavoidalargenumberofvisitors.(亮点包括大面积的叶子色调，从红色到紫色不等。建议在秋季提前订票，以避免游客过多。)”可知，在秋季游览BatsfordArboretum应提前订票。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据ClumberPark,Nottinghamshire部分中“Keepaneyeoutforthepark’sbirds,whichisamainattractionforbirdwatchers.(留意公园里的鸟类，这是观鸟者的主要景点。)”可知，观鸟爱好者宜前往ClumberPark。故选A。BLeahBrownaged36fellseveralhundredfeetfromOregon’shighestmountainrightbeforetheeyesofagroupofvolunteerrescueworkerswhorushedtoheraidandhelpedsaveherlife.Thewomanwasingdownapopularpath(小路)onMt.Hood,about70mileseastofPortland,onSaturdaymorning,accordingtothelocalpolice.Mt.HoodisthehighestinOregon,standingataround11.240feet.ThefallwasseenbymembersofPortlandMountainRescue(PMR)avolunteerorganizationfocusedonhelpingpeopleinmountainousareas.Thegroupcalled911andrushedtothewoman,providingmedicalcare.Theyhelpedkeepthewomanwarmforsevenhoursasthepoliceworkedtogetheroffthemountainsafely.Finally,thewomanwasevacuated(转移)toaparkinglotat9:30pmandtakentoahospital.Theclimber,LeahBrown,saidshedidn’tknowwhatcausedherfall.“Icanonlyguessitwaseitheranicetooloracrampon(冰爪)thatdidn’tlandandsticklikeitshouldhave,soIbecamedetachedfromthemountain,”Brownsaid.“ThethingI’dliketomoststressismyappreciationforthemembersofPMRwhoevacuatedmeandtookgoodcareofmethewholetime,”Brownadded.“Theysavedmylife.”Inastatementaftertherescue,PMRwarnedofthedangerouswinterconditionsatthemountain.“Theshortdaysandlowertemperaturesmeanthatthesnowtendstobeveryhardandicy,andtheconditionstendtobemuchsteeper.Climbingthemountaininicyconditionsismuchmoredifficult,”thegroupsaid.4.WhathappenedtoBrownonSaturdaymorning?A.Shelostherwayinaforest. B.Shehurthereyeunexpectedly.C.Shefailedtocallherfamily. D.Shefelldownonadownhillpath.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detached”inparagraph4mean?A.Different. B.Hidden. C.Separated. D.Tired.6.HowdidBrownfeelaboutthemembersofPMR?A.Thankful. B.Regretful. C.Surprised. D.Concerned.7.WhatdidPMRintendtotellus?A.Climbingrequiresteamwork. B.Climbinginwinteristoorisky.C.Wemustremainpositiveinhardtimes. D.Wecanadmiretheviewonsunnydays.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名36岁的妇女从俄勒冈州最高的山上跌落，被志愿者救出的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“LeahBrownaged36fellseveralhundredfeetfromOregon’shighestmountainrightbeforetheeyesofagroupofvolunteerrescueworkerswhorushedtoheraidandhelpedsaveherlife.(36岁的利亚·布朗从俄勒冈州最高的山上摔下几百英尺，就在一群志愿救援人员的眼前，他们赶到她身边，帮助挽救了她的生命)”及第二段“Thewomanwasingdownapopularpath(小路)onMt.Hood,about70mileseastofPortland,onSaturdaymorning,accordingtothelocalpolice.(据当地警方称，周六早上，这名女子正沿着胡德山一条很受欢迎的小路下山，胡德山位于波特兰以东约70英里处)”可知，周六上午布朗在下山途中意外跌落下来。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Theclimber,LeahBrown,saidshedidn’tknowwhatcausedherfall.(登山者利亚·布朗说，她不知道是什么原因导致她摔倒的)”和“Icanonlyguessitwaseitheranicetooloracrampon(冰爪)thatdidn’tlandandsticklikeitshouldhave,(我只能猜测，那要么是一个冰具，要么是一个冰爪，它没有像它应该的那样落地和粘住)”可推断，布朗和山分离了。由此可知，划线词与separated的意思最接近。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段““ThethingI’dliketomoststressismyappreciationforthemembersofPMRwhoevacuatedmeandtookgoodcareofmethewholetime,”Brownadded.“Theysavedmylife.”(“我想压力最大是我感谢PMR撤离我的成员,对我关怀备至,”布朗说，“他们救了我的命。”)”可知，布朗对PMR的队员们感激不尽。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读最后一段，尤其是“Inastatementaftertherescue,PMRwarnedofthedangerouswinterconditionsatthemountain.(在救援后的一份声明中，PMR警告说，山上的冬季条件很危险)”可推知，PMR意在告诉我们在冬季登山很危险。故选B。COurtwoyearinvestigationintocaged(关在笼中)tigersinAmericasentusthrough32USstates—withsometrulyshockingexperiences.Butasthedeadlineneared,Istillneededapowerfulandhopefulimage.Whenwebeganourreportingin2017—Sharon,writing;metakingphotos;andourson,NickRuggia,filming—moretigerslikelylivedincagesintheUSthanremainedinthewild.Thenumberrangedfrom5,000to10,000,butwithoutstrictgovernmentoversight,nooneknewforsure.Roadsidezoosthatallowedtouriststotakepicturesofyoungtigerswerethemaincauseofwhat’sbeencalledaUStigercrisis(危机).Cagedcatsoftenendedupintheillegalwildlifetrade.Youngtigers,partedfromtheirmothersatbirth,werefedpoorlyandtouchedbyhundredsofpeople.Whentheygrewtoobiganddangeroustopetataround12weeks,youngtigerswereputonshow,orsimplydisappeared.Whilewedocumentedtheunpleasantpartofthisindustry,wealsowantedtoshowthegoodlifetheseimpressiveanimalscouldhave.Withtwoweeksleftbeforemydeadline,IheadedtotheWildAnimalSanctuarynearDenver,wherewellcaredcatswalkedfreelyintheirhabitat.ThereImetClay,Daniel,andEnzo,threeof39tigersrescuedfromananimalparkinOklahoma.Thesenearlygrowncatsracedbesideourcar,whichI’dseenonlyinthewild.ItwasahotJulydayandsoontwoofthecatsjumpedintoapooltocooloff.Thethirdrestedbesidethemontheground.Icrossedtheroadtotakeapictureofthem.Thenquietly,Icameupclose,tryingnottodisturb(打扰)them.Ihadtheshot.8.Whydidtheauthorstartherreporting?A.Todigoutthedarktruthofcagedtigers. B.Toexploretheamazinglandinthecountry.C.Totellpeoplethatbabytigersareharmless. D.Tosharethehappymomentduringthetrip.9.WhatisthemaincauseoftheUStigercrisisaccordingtothetext?A.Forestfires. B.Climatechange. C.Roadsidezoos. D.Waterpollution.10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheseyoungtigersfromparagraph3?A.Theyprefertostayindoors. B.Theyarebadlytreated.C.Theygetusedtothechanges. D.Theyaretradedlegally.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningtheWildAnimalSanctuary?A.Topraiseherfamilyfortheireffort. B.Toexplainwhattheanimalssuffered.C.Tointroduceaspecialkindoftigers. D.Toshowsometigersleadaneasylife.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者对美国笼中的老虎进行了为期两年的调查，走访了美国32个州，发现在美国，生活在笼子里的老虎可能比野外的老虎要多。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Whenwebeganourreportingin2017—Sharon,writing;metakingphotos;andourson,NickRuggia,filming—moretigerslikelylivedincagesintheUSthanremainedinthewild.Thenumberrangedfrom5,000to10,000,butwithoutstrictgovernmentoversight,nooneknewforsure.(当我们在2017年开始报道时，莎伦，写作；我在拍照；而我们的儿子尼克·鲁吉亚拍摄——在美国，生活在笼子里的老虎可能比野外的老虎要多。这个数字从5000到10000不等，但没有严格的政府监管，没有人确切知道)”以及第三段“Roadsidezoosthatallowedtouriststotakepicturesofyoungtigerswerethemaincauseofwhat’sbeencalledaUStigercrisis(危机).Cagedcatsoftenendedupintheillegalwildlifetrade.Youngtigers,partedfromtheirmothersatbirth,werefedpoorlyandtouchedbyhundredsofpeople.Whentheygrewtoobiganddangeroustopetataround12weeks,youngtigerswereputonshow,orsimplydisappeared.(允许游客给小老虎拍照的路边动物园是造成美国老虎危机的主要原因。关在笼子里的老虎经常被非法野生动物交易。幼虎一出生就与母亲分开，喂养不良，被数百人抚摸。当它们在大约12周大的时候长得太大、太危险而不能被爱抚时，幼虎就会被展出，或者干脆消失)”可推断，作者开始她的报道之旅是为了揭露圈养老虎的真实情况。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Roadsidezoosthatallowedtouriststotakepicturesofyoungtigerswerethemaincauseofwhat’sbeencalledaUStigercrisis(危机).(允许游客给小老虎拍照的路边动物园是造成美国老虎危机的主要原因)”可知，路边圈养动物是引发美国老虎生存危机的主因。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Youngtigers,partedfromtheirmothersatbirth,werefedpoorlyandtouchedbyhundredsofpeople.Whentheygrewtoobiganddangeroustopetataround12weeks,youngtigerswereputonshow,orsimplydisappeared.(幼虎一出生就与母亲分开，喂养不良，被数百人抚摸。当它们在大约12周大的时候长得太大、太危险而不能被爱抚时，幼虎就会被展出，或者干脆消失)”可知，老虎幼崽备受虐待。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Withtwoweeksleftbeforemydeadline,IheadedtotheWildAnimalSanctuarynearDenver,wherewellcaredcatswalkedfreelyintheirhabitat.(在离最后期限还有两周的时候，我去了丹佛附近的野生动物保护区，在那里，被照顾得很好的猫科动物在它们的栖息地自由地散步)”可推断，作者在此提及丹佛附近的这处野生动物保护区是为了说明这些老虎生活很舒适。故选D。DPeopletendtousetreesforpapermaking.Butmaybeelectronics(电子)engineersaremissingoutonsomethinghere.“Itturnsoutthattwomajorbuildingblocksofwoodhavealotofelectricalqualities,”saysMagnusBerggren,aprofessoratLinköpingUniversity.Histeamhasbeenworkingtomakepartsforelectronicsfromtheforest.Rightnowthey’refocusingontwomaterialsoftrees.Thefirstmaterialiscellulose,whichcanmakeenergy.Lignin,thesecondmaterial,canstorethatenergy,justasabatterydoes.Theteamhasfoundwhenpressed,cellulosecanproduceelectricity.Somedevicemustthenstoretheelectricityuntilit’sneeded.Batteriescandothis.Butbatteriesaren’tverygreen.Theyhaveharmfulmaterials.That’swhereligninesin.Batteriescauseelectronstoflowfromoneplacetoanother,whichcanproduceelectricity.Inatypicalbattery,onematerialmustgiveelectrons.Theothermustacceptthem.Lignincandoboth.Aweakacid(酸)encourageslignintoproduceelectrons.“Withametalwire(金属线)toguidethoseelectrons,you’llhaveelectricity,”saysBerggren.Berggren’steamusethisqualitytocreateitsnewligninbasedbattery.Typicalbatteriesuseametalwireasapathtoguidetheflowofelectronsintooroutofthedevice.ButsinceBerggrenwantstomakeabatteryoftheforest,helooksforanaturalway.Onceagain,heturnstocellulose.Thisnaturalmaterialcanserveasawirelikepathforelectrons.Tomakeitworkwell,BerggrenlinesthemwithanotherchemicalknownasPEDOT,whichisn’tfromatree.ButwhenPEDOTisaddedtocellulose,theycanconductelectricitylikeawire.“Withaweakacid,nowyouhaveabattery,”Berggrensays.“Andtwoofitsthreematerialsefromtheforest.”Berggrencanimagineonedayhavingmobilephonebatteriesmadelargelyfromforestproducts.Treebasedelectronicsmightalsobeusefulinlighting.12.Whatiscelluloseusedtodointhestudy?A.Actasaweakacid. B.Collectrainwater.C.Produceelectricity. D.Makequalitypaper.13.Whichbestdescribesthenewbattery?A.Wellreceived. B.Ecofriendly. C.Harmful. D.Heavy.14.Whatcanweexpectoftreebasedelectronics?A.Theymaychangefarmingpractices. B.Theymightsavealotofwood.C.Theywouldservetheelderly. D.Theycouldlighttherooms.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AGreenWaytoMakeandStoreEnergy B.AnAttempttoRaisePowerProductionC.PracticalSuggestionsonPlantingTrees D.RecentAdvancesinMobilePhones【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了利用森林产品制作电子产品的科技新闻，介绍了研究人员利用木材中的纤维素和木质素，开发出新的基于木质素的电池，并探讨了这种电池的原理和未来应用前景。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thefirstmaterialiscellulose,whichcanmakeenergy.Lignin,thesecondmaterial,canstorethatenergy,justasabatterydoes.Theteamhasfoundwhenpressed,cellulosecanproduceelectricity.(第一种材料是纤维素，它可以制造能量。第二种材料木质素可以像电池一样储存能量。研究小组发现，当被挤压时，纤维素可以发电。)”可知，纤维素可以用来发电。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Berggren’steamusethisqualitytocreateitsnewligninbasedbattery.Typicalbatteriesuseametalwireasapathtoguidetheflowofelectronsintooroutofthedevice.ButsinceBerggrenwantstomakeabatteryoftheforest,helooksforanaturalway.Onceagain,heturnstocellulose.(Berggren的团队利用这种品质创造了新的木质素基电池。典型的电池使用金属线作为引导电子流入或流出设备的路径。但既然Berggren想要用森林做电池，他就寻找一种自然的方式。他再一次转向纤维素。)”可推断出，Berggren的团队所创造的新的电池是环保的。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Treebasedelectronicsmightalsobeusefulinlighting.(基于树木的电子设备可能在照明方面也很有用。)”可知，利用木质纤维素产生的电能可用于照明。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Histeamhasbeenworkingtomakepartsforelectronicsfromtheforest.Rightnow,they’refocusingontwomaterialsoftrees.Thefirstmaterialiscellulose,whichcanmakeenergy.Lignin,thesecondmaterial,canstorethatenergy,justasabatterydoes.Theteamhasfoundwhenpressed,cellulosecanproduceelectricity.(他的团队一直致力于用森林制造电子元件。现在，他们专注于两种材料的树木。第一种材料是纤维素，它可以制造能量。第二种材料木质素可以像电池一样储存能量。研究小组发现，当被挤压时，纤维素可以发电。)”以及第三段“Somedevicemustthenstoretheelectricityuntilit’sneeded.Batteriescandothis.Butbatteriesaren’tverygreen.Theyhaveharmfulmaterials.That’swhereligninesin.(一些设备必须储存电能，以备不时之需。电池可以做到这一点。但是电池并不是很环保。他们有有害物质。这就是木质素的用武之地。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章要讲述了利用森林产品制作电子产品，尤其是利用木质素制作电池，这种电池既环保又可持续，因此A选项“AGreenWaytoMakeandStoreEnergy(一种制造和储存能源的绿色方式)”最符合文章主旨，是最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouhaveabigtestinguporjustwanttodowellinclass,studyingisoneofthebestthingsyoucandotoimproveyourgrade.Eventhoughrevisingthingsyoualreadylearnedmightseemboring,you’llfeelalotmorefortablewiththematerial.____16____Studyin1hourblocks.Keepyourstudytimeshortersoyoudon’tgettired.Setaside(留出)anhourforeachofyoursubjectssoyouhavetimetorevisethem.____17____Inthisway,youdon’tgetinformationmixedupbetweenclasses.____18____Stepawayforafewminuteseveryhoursoyoudon’tfeeloverworked.Sincestudyingtakesupalotofenergyandbrainpower,schedulein510minuteseveryhourwhereyoujustrelax.Avoidworkingthroughthebreaks.Scheduletimetostudyeveryday.Trytosetasidearegulartimetogoovernotesforclass.____19____So,you’reabletofocusalittlebetter.Ifyoucan,trytoplanthesametimeeverydaysoyoucangetintoaregularroutine(惯例).Worksomewherequiet.____20____Avoidstudyinginaroomwithotherloudpeopleordistractionssinceit’llbehardtofocusandrememberthematerial.Instead,gointoyourroomandshutthedoor,orfindaquietspotattheschoollibrarywhereyoucansit.A.Planregularbreaks.B.Reviseyournotesinyourownwords.C.Onlyfocusononesubjectatatimeduringeachblock.D.Findatimewhenyoufeelthemostenergetictostudy.E.We’llstartbylookingatsometipsonformingthebeststudyhabits!F.Findaplacewhereyouwon’thavetroubleconcentratingonthematerial.G.Ifyoulivewithothers,askthemtobequietwhenyouplanyourstudytime.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四条有效养成最佳学习习惯的建议：以1小时为单元学习；计划定期休息；每天安排时间学习；找个安静的地方学习。【16题详解】设空句为第一段末尾句，应是一个“承前启后”句。根据前文“Ifyouhaveabigtestinguporjustwanttodowellinclass,studyingisoneofthebestthingsyoucandotoimproveyourgrade.(如果你有一个重要的考试，或者只是想在课堂上取得好成绩，学习是你能做的最好的事情之一，以提高你的成绩)”可知，第一段主题是“学习”，因此设空句应提到“学习”；根据后文段落“Studyin1hourblocks.(以1小时为单元学习)”，“Scheduletimetostudyeveryday.(每天安排时间学习)”可知，后文段落讲到了学习方面的建议。选项E“We’llstartbylookingatsometipsonformingthebeststudyhabits!(我们将从一些养成最佳学习习惯的建议开始！)”既呼应第一段主题“学习”，也可用“sometipsonformingthebeststudyhabits(一些养成最佳学习习惯的建议)”承启后文段落内容，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】后文“Inthisway,youdon’tgetinformationmixedupbetweenclasses.(这样，就不会在课程之间混淆信息)”提出了“不会混淆课程信息”的效果，由此可推知，设空句应是一个如何不会混淆课程信息的学习方式。选项C“Onlyfocusononesubjectatatimeduringeachblock.(在每个时间段内，一次只关注一个科目)”提出了学习方式：一个时间段内只关注一门科目，这样就不会混淆内容，在逻辑上可与空后内容构成“因果”逻辑，符合语境。故选C项。【18题详解】设空句为该段小标题，应是该段的主旨要义句。根据后文内容“Stepawayforafewminuteseveryhoursoyoudon’tfeeloverworked.Sincestudyingtakesupalotofenergyandbrainpower,schedulein510minuteseveryhourwhereyoujustrelax.(每小时休息几分钟，这样你就不会觉得工作过度。因为学习需要大量的精力和脑力，所以每小时安排510分钟的放松时间)”可知，本段主要强调了学习期间要每小时安排一次休息时间。选项A“Planregularbreaks.(计划有规律的休息时间)”符合该段主旨。故选A项。【19题详解】后文“So,you’reabletofocusalittlebetter.

(这样你就能更好地集中注意力了)”提到了效果“更好地集中注意力”，且结合语境主题“Scheduletimetostudyeveryday.(每天安排时间学习)”以及常识可推知，设空句应是讲述了一个集中注意力的时间。选项D“Findatimewhenyoufeelthemostenergetictostudy.(找一个你觉得最有精力的时间学习)”提出了找出最有精力时间用来学习，符合语境。故选D项。【20题详解】根据主题句“Worksomewherequiet.(找个安静的地方学习)”可知，该段强调的是要有一个安静的学习环境，设空句作为该段首句应对该建议进行进一步的强调和解释。选项F“Findaplacewhereyouwon’thavetroubleconcentratingonthematerial.(找一个能让你集中注意力在学习材料上的地方)”解释了安静的地方能让人集中注意力学习，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydadiseasygoingandhasagiftforchatting.He____21____afastfoodrestaurantcalledQueenie’sWeenies,whichisspecializedinhotdogs.Iworkwithmydadatthe____22____onweekends.OneSaturday,wewent____23____.Aswegotintothecheckoutline,I____24____something:ourcashier(收银员)wasvery____25____!She____26____nosmiles,nogreetingsandnosmalltalk.Her“angeraura(光环)”wasobviousandkindof____27____tome.Whenwe____28____tocheckout,Iwasthinkingthatweshouldjustpayforourthingsandleavequickly.Mydadhadadifferent____29____.Whenitwasourturn,hestarted____30____her.Dadsaid,“Hi,howareyoutoday?Thisismyson.Ihavearestaurant,andwe____31____together.It’scalledQueenie’sWeenies.DropbymyrestaurantsometimeandIwill____32____youtomyhotdogs.I’mgoodatcookingthem.”Bythetimewe____33____checkingout,thecashierwassmiling.Shesaid,“Thanks,umm…Ihopeyouandyoursonhaveaveryniceday.”BackinthecarDadsaidtome,“Thecashierwasobviously____34____today.Ithappenstoeveryone.Smile____35____orgiveafewkindwords,whichisallittakestomakeonealittlemoredelighted.”21.A.owns B.describes C.visits D.remends22.A.supermarket B.hospital C.restaurant D.pany23.A.hiking B.camping C.exploring D.shopping24.A.imagined B.believed C.noticed D.remembered25.A.beautiful B.unhappy C.professional D.polite26.A.received B.needed C.avoided D.offered27.A.suitable B.frightening C.special D.friendly28.A.helped B.refused C.waited D.forgot29.A.problem B.idea C.hope D.experience30.A.talkingto B.lookingafter C.goingafter D.laughingat31.A.work B.play C.tour D.exercise32.A.drive B.tie C.treat D.lead33.A.quitted B.finished C.missed D.regretted34.A.inpeace B.indanger C.inahurry D.inlowspirits35.A.warmly B.immediately C.secretly D.fortably【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.C25.B26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述作者和爸爸在购物结账时，爸爸几句温暖的话语使原本情绪低落的收银员变得开心的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开了一家快餐店，名叫Queenie’sWeenies，专门卖热狗。A.owns拥有；B.describes描述；C.visits拜访，参观；D.remends推荐。根据第三段中爸爸说的话“Ihavearestaurant”可知，爸爸有一家餐馆，故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：周末我和爸爸在餐馆工作。A.supermarket超市；B.hospital医院；C.restaurant餐馆；D.pany公司。上文“afastfoodrestaurant”提到爸爸经营一家餐馆，故作者和爸爸应是在餐馆工作。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个星期六，我们去购物。A.hiking徒步旅行；B.camping露营；C.exploring探索；D.shopping购物。下文“Aswegotintothecheckoutline”提到作者和爸爸排队结账，故此处指去购物，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们排队结账时，我注意到一件事：我们的收银员很不高兴！A.imagined想象；B.believed相信；C.noticed注意到；D.remembered想起，记得。根据语境及“ourcashier(收银员)wasvery____5____!”可知，作者在排队结账时注意到收银员情绪低落，故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.beautiful美丽的；B.unhappy不高兴的；C.professional专业的；D.polite礼貌的。根据下文“Her‘angeraura(光环)’wasobvious”可知，收银员看起来不高兴，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没有微笑，没有问候，也没有寒暄。A.received收到；B.needed需要；C.avoided避免；D.offered提供。结合空后的“nosmiles,nogreetingsandnosmalltalk”可知，此处指收银员不向顾客提供微笑、也不和他们打招呼寒暄，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的“愤怒光环”很明显，让我有点害怕。A.suitable合适的；B.frightening可怕的；C.special特殊的；D.friendly友好的。根据“angeraura(光环)”以及下文“Iwasthinkingthatweshouldjustpayforourthingsandleavequickly(我在想我们应该把钱付了然后赶紧离开)”可知，收银员的愤怒光环有点吓到作者了，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们等着结账的时候，我在想我们应该付钱然后迅速离开。A.helped帮助；B.refused拒绝；C.waited等待；D.forgot忘记。下文“Whenitwasourturn”提到轮到作者和爸爸结账，故此处是等待结账，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的爸爸有不同的想法。A.problem问题；B.idea主意，想法；C.hope希望；D.experience经历。根据上文“Iwasthinkingthatweshouldjustpayforourthingsandleavequickly.”可知，作者想着结完账快速离开，结合下文爸爸和收银员交谈可知，爸爸和作者想法不同，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：轮到我们的时候，他开始和她说话。A.talkingto和……交谈；B.lookingafter照顾；C.goingafter追求；D.laughingat嘲笑。根据下文“Dadsaid,‘Hi,howareyoutoday?...”可知，爸爸和收银员交谈，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有一家餐厅，我们一起工作。A.work工作；B.play玩；C.tour旅游；D.exercise锻炼。根据上文“Iworkwithmydadatthe____2____onweekends.”可知，作者和爸爸在餐馆工作，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：什么时候到我的餐馆来，我请你吃我的热狗。A.drive驾驶；B.tie系，打结；C.treat招待，款待；D.lead领导，引领。根据“Dropbymyrestaurantsometime”可知，爸爸邀请收银员来餐馆应是要请她吃热狗，treatsbtosth“请某人吃某物，以某物款待某人”，故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们结完账的时候，收银员面带微笑。A.quitted放弃；B.finished结束；C.missed错过；D.regretted后悔。上一段中“Whenitwasourturn”提到轮到作者和爸爸结账了，结合下文“Backinthecar”两人回到车里可知，此处指结完账，故选B。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：回到车里，爸爸对我说：“收银员今天显然情绪低落。”A.inpeace安静；B.indanger处于危险中；C.inahurry匆忙；D.inlowspirits情绪低落。根据上文“She____6____nosmiles,nogreetingsandnosmalltalk.Her‘angeraura(光环)’wasobvious”可知，收银员情绪低落，故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：热情地微笑或说几句友好的话，这些都能让人更开心。A.warmly热情地，温暖地；B.immediately立即；C.secretly秘密地；D.fortably舒服地。根据“whichisallittakestomakeonealittlemoredelighted”可知，想要让别人开心，应是热情地微笑或者说几句友好的话，故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CuiZhenshuoandYangBodiscoveredthatbecauseofthefarlocationofmostpaperworkshopsandlifestylesofthepapermakingcraftsmen,theirproductsareunabletoreachthemarket____36____(easy).Therefore,CuiandYangcameup____37____theideaofestablishingtheirownstudiothatcouldserveasabridgetoconnectfarworkshopswithbuyerstoadvance____38____(tradition)Chinesehandmadepaper.Chuisakindoftree.____39____(it)bark(树皮)isamonmaterialthatwasusedinpapermakinginancienttimes.HanYu,afamous____40____(write)duringtheTangDynasty(618907)calledpaperMr.ChuinhisworkBiographyofMaoYing.Sincethen,it____41____(use)asanickname(昵称)forpaperbyChinesescholars.In2019,CuiandYangnamedtheirownstudio“IamMr.Chu.”,andtheyfocusedon____42____(run)it.DuWeisheng,anexpertintherestoration(修复)ofancientbooksattheNationalLibraryofChina,toldthemthat,in____43____1990s,manyChinesepaperrelicsneededtoberepairedwithhandmadepaperthatallowedpeople